Automatic tool setting method for asymmetric straight-edge type tool

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic tool setting method for an asymmetric straight-edge type tool, which comprises the following steps of: carrying out automatic tool setting on the asymmetric straight-edge type tool fixedly connected to a machine tool spindle by adopting a laser tool setting gauge, and sequentially carrying out tool setting in multiple steps, in each step of tool setting, the tool setting instrument moves back and forth in the direction perpendicular to a laser beam of the laser tool setting instrument so as to determine the coordinate position of a tool nose point of the asymmetric straight-edge type tool, and then the asymmetric straight-edge type tool is rotated in sequence so as to determine the zero angle of the tool; and after the zero position angle is determined, the cutting edge face position of the cutter is determined according to the relation between the cutter setting retracting amount of the cutter and the cutter setting rotating angle, and therefore the zero position angle of the cutter can be determined, and the cutting edge face position of the cutter can be automatically analyzed. According to the invention, the blade surface of the tool can be attached to the workpiece during subsequent cutting, so that smooth processing is ensured, the time cost of manual tool setting is reduced, and the efficiency and the tool setting precision are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic machining, and in particular to an automatic tool setting method for an asymmetric straight-edge tool. Background Art

[0002] Honeycomb material is a new type of composite material, and its sandwich layer is named after its hexagonal shape that resembles a honeycomb. It has the advantages of low density, light weight, sound insulation, heat insulation, and higher strength and rigidity. It is widely used in sandwich parts with strict design requirements in aerospace, military technology, etc. For the processing of honeycomb materials, ultrasonic processing technology is often the best choice and an important development direction for honeycomb material processing. Before processing honeycomb materials, tool setting is an important process before CNC machining. The tool setting requirements of ultrasonic straight-edge tools in ultrasonic machining technology are different from those of traditional CNC machining. During the cutting process of ultrasonic asymmetric straight-edge tools, the blade angle of the asymmetric straight-edge tool needs to be adjusted according to the tool path of the machining and cutting. Therefore, in addition to obtaining the Z coordinate information of the tool vertex, it is also necessary to obtain the initial zero angle information of the asymmetric straight-edge tool during tool setting, which provides a basis for the accurate positioning of the cutting edge of the asymmetric straight-edge tool in the workpiece coordinate system.

[0003] However, the prior art still only uses the traditional manual tool setting method for asymmetric straight-blade tools. The traditional manual tool setting method requires the machine operator to use tools such as a micrometer to adjust and obtain the initial zero angle information many times, and also requires multiple actual cuttings to verify whether the zero angle is correct and to compensate for the deviation in real time. This method is not only time-consuming and laborious, but also relatively poor in terms of processing accuracy and stability, which seriously affects the stability and reliability of the spindle during cutting, and further affects the accuracy and efficiency of honeycomb material processing. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an automatic tool setting method for asymmetric straight-blade tools.

[0004] The disclosure of the above background technology content is only used to assist in understanding the concept and technical solution of the present invention. It does not necessarily belong to the prior art of this patent application. In the absence of clear evidence that the above content has been disclosed on the filing date of this patent application, the above background technology should not be used to evaluate the novelty and creativity of the present application. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses an automatic tool setting method for asymmetric straight-edge tools used in ultrasonic cutting processing of honeycomb materials. For conventional straight-edge tools and special asymmetric tools, automatic and high-precision tool setting can be realized, and the starting angle of the asymmetric straight-edge tool can be corrected to ensure the smooth progress of subsequent cutting processing, thereby reducing the time cost of manual tool setting and improving tool setting accuracy and processing efficiency.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention discloses an automatic tool setting method for an asymmetric straight-edge tool, comprising a step of determining a zero angle of the asymmetric straight-edge tool and a step of determining a cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-edge tool; wherein:

[0008] The step of determining the zero angle of the asymmetric straight-edge tool comprises: using a laser tool setting instrument to automatically set the asymmetric straight-edge tool fixedly connected to the main shaft of the machine tool, wherein the automatic tool setting is divided into multiple steps and is performed in sequence, and in each step, the tool is first moved back and forth along a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setting instrument to determine the coordinate position of the tool tip of the asymmetric straight-edge tool according to whether the laser beam is blocked, and then the asymmetric straight-edge tool is rotated forward and reversely in sequence to calculate the zero angle of the asymmetric straight-edge tool according to whether the laser beam is blocked;

[0009] The step of determining the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-edge tool comprises:

[0010] Obtaining the tool rotation angle value: returning the asymmetric straight-edge tool to the initial tool setting position, and moving in a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setting instrument, in a direction close to the laser beam, to a position just blocking the laser beam, and then moving in a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setting instrument, in a direction away from the laser beam, by a preset tool setting retraction amount, and rotating the asymmetric straight-edge tool until the laser beam is blocked to obtain the tool rotation angle value;

[0011] Determine the cutting edge position: determine the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-edge tool according to the relationship between the tool rotation angle value and the tool retraction amount.

[0012] Preferably, before the step of determining the cutting blade position, the step also includes repeatedly obtaining the tool rotation angle value and comparing the tool rotation angle values ​​obtained twice. If the difference between the tool rotation angle values ​​obtained twice is within a preset range, the cutting blade position of the asymmetric straight blade tool is determined based on the relationship between the tool rotation angle value and the tool retraction amount.

[0013] Preferably, the step of determining the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-edge tool comprises:

[0014] B1: Rotate the machine tool spindle to the zero angle;

[0015] B2: returning the asymmetric straight-edge tool to the initial tool setting position, setting the tool setting retraction amount, and determining the moving feed speed, spindle rotation speed and rotation direction of the asymmetric straight-edge tool;

[0016] B3: moving the asymmetric straight-edge tool at the moving feed speed in a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setting instrument, toward the direction of the laser beam, until the laser beam is blocked and the tool stops moving;

[0017] B4: moving the asymmetric straight-edge tool at the moving feed speed in a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setting instrument, in a direction away from the laser beam, and the moving distance is the tool setting retraction amount;

[0018] B5: rotating the asymmetric straight-edge tool according to the spindle rotation speed and the rotation direction until the laser beam is blocked, and obtaining a tool rotation angle value;

[0019] B6: Repeat steps B1 to B5 at least once to obtain at least one tool rotation angle value;

[0020] B7: Compare any two of the multiple tool rotation angle values ​​obtained. If the difference between any two tool rotation angle values ​​is within a preset range, determine the position of the asymmetric straight-edge tool based on the relationship between the tool rotation angle value and the tool retraction amount.

[0021] Preferably, if the difference between the two tool rotation angle values ​​is not within the preset range, return to repeat step B6, and reduce the movement feed speed and the spindle rotation speed when repeating step B2 in step B6.

[0022] Preferably, in step B6, steps B1 to B5 are repeated once or twice to obtain one or two tool rotation angle values.

[0023] Preferably, the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-edge tool is determined according to the relationship between the tool rotation angle value and the tool retraction amount, specifically including:

[0024] a. When the tool rotates at an angle θ 11 The relationship between the tool set back amount L1 is as follows, which means that the cutting edge surface of the asymmetric straight-edge tool is close to the laser beam;

[0025] θ 11 +θ 21 +θ 31 =90°

[0026]

[0027] Where A1 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the side wall of the tool, A2 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the tip of the tool edge, θ 21 is the rotation angle θ 11The angle between the rear A2 and the horizontal direction, θ 31 is the angle between A2 and the vertical direction before rotation;

[0028] b. When the tool rotates at an angle θ 12 The relationship between the tool set back amount L1 is as follows, which means that the cutting edge surface of the asymmetric straight-edge tool is away from the laser beam;

[0029] θ 12 +θ 22 +θ 32 =90°

[0030]

[0031] Where A1 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the side wall of the tool, A3 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the intersection of the tool edge and the side of the tool, θ 22 is the rotation angle θ 12 The angle between the rear A3 and the horizontal direction, θ 32 is the angle between A3 and the vertical direction before rotation;

[0032] c. When the tool rotates at an angle θ 14 The relationship between the tool setting retraction amount L3 is as follows, and when the asymmetric straight-edge tool is rotated for light setting, the laser beam interferes with both the non-cutting edge surface and the cutting edge surface, which means that the non-cutting edge surface of the asymmetric straight-edge tool is close to the laser beam;

[0033] θ=θ 311 +θ 411 =θ 31 +θ 41 =θ 14

[0034]

[0035] Wherein, θ is the tool edge angle of the asymmetric straight-edge tool, A1 is the distance between the center position of the machine tool spindle and the side wall of the tool, A2 is the distance between the center position of the machine tool spindle and the tip of the tool edge, θ 41 is the rotation angle θ 14 The angle between the rear A2 and the vertical direction, θ 31 is the angle between A2 and the vertical direction before rotation, θ 411 is θ 41 The interior angle, θ 311 is θ 31 The alternate interior angles of

[0036] d. When the tool rotates at an angle θ 13The relationship between the tool set back amount L2 is as follows, and when the asymmetric straight-edge tool is rotated for light setting, the laser beam and the cutting edge face interfere with each other, which means that the non-cutting edge face of the asymmetric straight-edge tool is close to the laser beam;

[0037] θ 23 +θ 13 -θ 31 =90°

[0038]

[0039] θ 31 =θ 312

[0040] Where A1 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the side wall of the tool, A2 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the tip of the tool edge, θ 23 is the rotation angle θ 13 The angle between the rear A2 and the horizontal direction, θ 31 is the angle between A2 and the vertical direction before rotation, θ 312 It is the angle between A2 and the side wall of the tool.

[0041] Preferably, the tool setting retraction amount is less than half of the blade length on both sides of the asymmetric straight-edge tool, and is greater than or equal to the detection accuracy of the laser tool setting instrument.

[0042] Preferably, the step of determining the zero angle of the asymmetric straight-edge tool specifically comprises:

[0043] A1: Set the tool setting position of the asymmetric straight-edge tool and move the machine tool spindle to the tool setting position;

[0044] A2: Set the total number of tool setting steps n and the tool setting retraction amount used in each step;

[0045] A3: Start the i-th step of tool setting, and move the machine tool spindle along the first feed direction until the laser beam is blocked and stops moving;

[0046] A4: withdraw the machine tool spindle along a second feed direction, the withdrawal distance being equal to the tool setting withdrawal amount in the i-th step, wherein the second feed direction is opposite to the first feed direction;

[0047] A5: Rotate the machine tool spindle along the first rotation direction until the laser beam is blocked and stops rotating, and record the angle value SP of the machine tool spindle at this time i1 ;

[0048] A6: Rotate the machine tool spindle in the second rotation direction until the laser beam is blocked and stops rotating, and record the angle value SP of the machine tool spindle at this time i2, wherein the second rotation direction is opposite to the first rotation direction;

[0049] A7: The angle value SP of the machine tool spindle recorded in step A5 i1 and the angle value SP of the machine tool spindle recorded in step A6 i2 Calculate the tool setting angle SP for step i i3 ;

[0050] A8: Rotate the machine tool spindle and adjust the angle value of the machine tool spindle to the tool setting angle SP of the i-th step calculated in step A7. i3 , complete the i-th step of tool setting;

[0051] A9: Determine whether i is less than n. If yes, set i=i+1 and return to step A3. If no, the tool setting is terminated and the angle of the machine tool spindle at this time is recorded as the zero angle of the asymmetric straight-edge tool.

[0052] When step A3 is executed for the first time, i=1 is set.

[0053] Preferably, the calculation formula of the tool setting angle SPi3 in the i-th step in step A7 is:

[0054]

[0055] Preferably, the first feeding direction is moving from the tool setting position in a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setting instrument, and the first rotation direction is a direction of clockwise or counterclockwise rotation around the Z axis of the machine tool spindle;

[0056] Step A2 includes: setting a total number of tool setting steps n, and setting the tool setting feed speed used in the i+1th step to be less than the tool setting feed speed used in the i-th step, setting the tool setting spindle rotation speed used in the i+1th step to be less than the tool setting spindle rotation speed used in the i-th step, setting the tool setting retraction amount used in the i+1th step to be less than the tool setting retraction amount used in the i-th step, and the tool setting retraction amount used in each step is not less than the detection accuracy of the laser tool setting instrument;

[0057] Moving the machine tool spindle along the first feeding direction in step A3 specifically includes: moving the machine tool spindle along the first feeding direction at the tool setting feeding speed of the i-th step;

[0058] In step A4, withdrawing the machine tool spindle along the second feeding direction specifically includes: withdrawing the machine tool spindle along the second feeding direction at the tool setting feeding speed of the i-th step;

[0059] In step A5, rotating the machine tool spindle along the first rotation direction specifically includes: rotating the machine tool spindle along the first rotation direction at the rotation speed of the tool setting spindle in the i-th step;

[0060] Rotating the machine tool spindle along the second rotation direction in step A6 specifically includes: rotating the machine tool spindle along the second rotation direction at the tool setting spindle rotation speed of the i-th step.

[0061] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the automatic tool setting method for asymmetric straight-edge tools proposed in the present invention solves the problem that the existing single-beam laser tool setting instrument cannot achieve angle tool setting of asymmetric straight-edge tools, and enables the asymmetric straight-edge tools to automatically and accurately distinguish one side of the blade cutting surface, saving time and labor, and having good precision stability, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the spindle cutting acoustic system, thereby improving the precision and efficiency of honeycomb material processing; and, compared with traditional symmetrical tools, single-sided sharpened tools will concentrate the cutting force on the single side where the cutting force is relatively concentrated; and in the processing of the edge or specific shape of the workpiece, the cutting path can be better controlled, the application is more flexible, the tool setting method of the asymmetric tool is optimized, which can reduce the time of manual tool setting and reduce the decrease in processing precision caused by tool setting errors, and this method can complete the tool setting without modifying and adjusting the laser tool setting equipment, thereby reducing the cost of equipment adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the asymmetric straight-edge tool setting system of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the asymmetric straight-edge tool setting system of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of finding the zero angle of an asymmetric straight-edge tool according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of determining the cutting edge surface of an asymmetric straight-edge tool of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional top view of asymmetric straight-edge tool alignment situation 1 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional top view of asymmetric straight-edge tool alignment situation 2 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional top view of asymmetric straight-edge tool alignment situation 3 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional top view of an asymmetric straight-edge tool alignment situation 4 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention. It should be emphasized that the following description is only exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope and application of the present invention.

[0071] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or indirectly on the other component. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element. In addition, connection can be used for both fixing and circuit / signal communication.

[0072] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0073] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0074] The laser non-contact tool setting method is a method that uses laser light to project onto the tool to be measured, and then obtains the tool parameters through the light information after shielding. It has the advantages of simple operation, labor saving, high precision and stability, and is a development trend of modern CNC machining tool setting. However, the laser non-contact tool setting method can only be applied to the tool setting of conventional milling cutters, drill bits, grinding heads and other cylindrical rotating tools that only need to determine the Z coordinate of the tool tip point and the tool diameter and other information, but cannot be applied to the tool setting of asymmetric straight-edge tools that also need to obtain additional information such as the zero angle. The present invention proposes a method for automatic tool setting of asymmetric straight-edge tools based on a laser tool setting instrument based on the structural characteristics of an ultrasonic asymmetric straight-edge tool with a honeycomb sandwich structure.

[0075] Among them, compared with general straight-edge knives, special single-sided straight-edge knives not only need to obtain the initial zero angle information, but also need to confirm the position of the cutting edge of the tool to ensure that the direction of the cutting edge is the direction required during processing. Single-sided sharpened tools refer to tools whose cutting edges have cutting functions only on one side, while the other side is a flat surface. This design is usually used for specific processing needs, such as fine cutting, trimming or specific forming processing; its advantage is that the tool blade can be only on one side, which can more effectively concentrate the cutting force, and in processing tasks that require high precision and surface finish. At the same time, since the contact surface between the tool and the workpiece is a flat surface, replacement is conducive to controlling the cutting depth and cutting direction.

[0076] An embodiment of the present invention discloses an automatic tool setting method for an asymmetric straight-edge tool, comprising the steps of determining a zero angle of the asymmetric straight-edge tool and determining a cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-edge tool.

[0077] Among them, the step of determining the zero angle of the asymmetric straight-edge tool includes: using a laser tool setting instrument to automatically set the asymmetric straight-edge tool fixedly connected to the spindle of the machine tool, wherein the automatic tool setting is divided into multiple steps and is performed in sequence. In each step, the tool is first moved back and forth in a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setting instrument to determine the coordinate position of the tool tip point of the asymmetric straight-edge tool according to whether the laser beam is blocked, and then the asymmetric straight-edge tool is rotated forward and reversely in sequence to calculate the zero angle of the asymmetric straight-edge tool according to whether the laser beam is blocked.

[0078] Among them, the step of determining the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-edge tool includes: after determining the zero angle, returning the asymmetric straight-edge tool to the initial tool setting position, then moving in the direction of the laser beam to a position that just blocks it, and then moving the tool back in the opposite direction, and then rotating the tool until it blocks the laser beam and recording the rotation angle value, repeating the asymmetric straight-edge tool setting process twice and recording the tool rotation angle value, analyzing and comparing whether the two values ​​are significantly different, if there is no difference, determining the position and direction of the tool blade cutting surface with reference to the relationship between the rotation angle and the backlash value, if the difference is large, clearing the tool setting times, and re-performing the secondary tool setting process until the difference between the two tool setting values ​​is small, and then determining the position and direction of the tool blade cutting surface based on the relationship between the rotation angle and the backlash value.

[0079] The theoretical basis for the laser tool setting instrument used in the present invention is to calculate the zero position angle information by using the rotating spindle to touch the laser, based on the characteristic that the two sides of the asymmetric straight-edge tool are not symmetrical but the blade is symmetrical. Figure 1The figure shows a schematic diagram of the entire asymmetric straight-edge tool setting system, which includes a laser tool setting instrument 1 and an asymmetric straight-edge tool 2, wherein the main functional components of the laser tool setting instrument 1 include a laser transmitter 101 and a laser receiver 102, and the laser transmitter 101 transmits a laser beam 301 to the laser receiver 102. If the laser beam 301 is blocked (or partially blocked) by an object, the laser receiver 102 cannot receive the laser signal (or the received laser signal is weakened), and the laser tool setting instrument 1 feeds back the blocked signal to the CNC system of the machine tool. When installing the laser tool setting instrument 1, it is generally necessary to ensure that the Z coordinates of the laser transmitter 101 and the laser receiver 102 in the machine tool coordinate system are the same. Preferably, the laser beam 301 is parallel to the X axis or Y axis of the machine tool coordinate system.

[0080] The center position of the asymmetric straight-edge tool 2 coincides with the spindle center position 201, and tool alignment is performed by adjusting the spindle center position 201 during tool alignment. Figure 2 , the tool setting position 302 is a specific position that the machine tool spindle needs to move to when the tool setting process starts. At this position, the asymmetric straight edge tool 2 is located near the laser beam, and the Z coordinate of the laser beam 301 is located between the maximum and minimum Z coordinates of the cutting edge part of the asymmetric straight edge tool 2 (wherein the maximum Z coordinate of the cutting edge of the asymmetric straight edge tool 2 is represented by 309, and the minimum Z coordinate of the cutting edge of the asymmetric straight edge tool 2 is represented by 310). The section length 307 of the asymmetric straight edge tool 2 is the length of the section of the asymmetric straight edge tool 2 that is the same as the laser beam Z coordinate 311. The section width 308 of the asymmetric straight edge tool 2 is the section width of the asymmetric straight edge tool 2. 2 is the width of the cross section that is the same as the Z coordinate 311 of the laser beam, the vertical distance from the spindle center position 201 to the laser beam 301 is greater than half of the length of the tool setting cross section of the asymmetric straight-edge tool 2, and the distances from the intersection of the vertical line from the spindle center position 201 to the laser beam 301 and the laser beam 301 to the laser transmitter 101 and the laser receiver 102 are both greater than half of the length 307 of the tool setting cross section of the asymmetric straight-edge tool 2; therefore, when selecting the hardware of the laser tool setting instrument 1 and selecting the tool setting position, it is necessary to ensure that the distance between the laser transmitter 101 and the laser receiver 102 of the laser tool setting instrument 1, that is, the length of the laser beam 301 is greater than the length 307 of the tool setting cross section of the asymmetric straight-edge tool 2.

[0081] like Figure 1 The first feeding direction 303 is a direction from the tool setting position 302 to the laser beam 301 along a direction perpendicular to the laser beam 301; the second feeding direction 304 is the opposite direction of the first feeding direction 303. The first rotation direction 305 is a direction of clockwise (or counterclockwise) rotation along the Z axis of the machine tool, and the second rotation direction 306 is opposite to the first rotation direction 305, and is a direction of counterclockwise (or clockwise) rotation along the Z axis of the machine tool.

[0082] The automatic tool setting method for an asymmetric straight-edge tool proposed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes two major steps, wherein the first part is the process step of finding the initial zero angle of the asymmetric straight-edge tool, and the second part is the process step of analyzing and determining the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-edge tool.

[0083] like Figure 3 As shown, the first part of the automatic tool setting method for an asymmetric straight-edge tool proposed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention is a process step of finding the initial zero angle of the asymmetric straight-edge tool, which specifically includes:

[0084] A1: Set the tool setting position for the asymmetric straight-edge tool and move the spindle to that position.

[0085] A2: Set the total number of tool setting steps n, as well as the tool setting feed speed, tool setting spindle rotation speed, and tool setting retraction amount used in each step.

[0086] The number of tool setting steps n is determined according to the tool processing accuracy requirements. The higher the accuracy requirements, the more tool setting steps are required and the longer the tool setting process takes. For example, it can be 3 to 5 steps. The tool setting feed speed and tool setting spindle rotation speed are mainly determined by the laser accuracy of the tool setting instrument. The higher the accuracy of the tool setting instrument and the better the sensitivity, the faster the tool setting feed speed and rotation speed can be. Conversely, the speed needs to be reduced to ensure the tool setting accuracy. The tool setting retraction amount setting needs to be set from large to small. The minimum tool setting retraction amount is determined by the accuracy of the laser. The higher the laser accuracy of the tool setting instrument and the better the sensitivity, the smaller the retraction amount can be set, and the tool setting error will be smaller, but the retraction distance cannot be less than the detection accuracy of the laser tool setting instrument.

[0087] In a preferred embodiment, the tool setting feed speed, the tool setting spindle rotation speed and the tool setting retraction amount are gradually reduced, that is, the tool setting feed speed, the tool setting spindle rotation speed and the tool setting retraction amount of the i+1th step are respectively less than the tool setting feed speed, the tool setting spindle rotation speed and the tool setting retraction amount of the i-th step.

[0088] A3: Tool setting at step i (i=1, 2, ..., n, initial value is 1), the spindle moves along the first feed direction and at the tool setting feed speed at step i, and stops if the laser is blocked during the movement;

[0089] The first feeding direction is moving from the tool setting position along a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setting instrument toward the direction of the laser beam.

[0090] A4: After the spindle stops moving, it retracts along the second feed direction at the i-th step tool setting feed speed, and the retraction distance is equal to the i-th step tool setting retraction amount;

[0091] The second feeding direction is opposite to the first feeding direction.

[0092] A5: Rotate the spindle in the first rotation direction and at the spindle rotation speed of the i-th step. If the laser is blocked during the rotation, stop the rotation immediately and record the spindle SP angle value SP at this time. i1 .

[0093] The first rotation direction is a clockwise or counterclockwise rotation direction around the Z axis of the machine tool spindle.

[0094] A6: Rotate the spindle in the second rotation direction and at the spindle rotation speed of the i-th step. If the laser is blocked during the rotation, stop the rotation and record the spindle SP angle value SP at this time. i2 .

[0095] The second rotation direction is opposite to the first rotation direction.

[0096] A7: Calculate the tool setting angle SPi3 of the i-th step. The calculation formula of the tool setting angle of the i-th step is:

[0097]

[0098] A8: Rotate the spindle and adjust the SP angle value to SP i3 , complete the i-th step of tool setting.

[0099] A9: If i is less than n, then i=i+1, and steps A3 to A8 are executed again. Otherwise, the tool setting is completed, and the spindle SP angle at this time is recorded as the spindle angle zero point SP0.

[0100] For asymmetric straight-edge tools, after finding the initial zero angle process step, it is also necessary to automatically identify the position of the tool cutting edge. Figure 4 FIG. 2 is a second part of the automatic tool setting method for an asymmetric straight-edge tool according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention: a process step for analyzing and determining the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-edge tool, which specifically includes:

[0101] B1: After determining the zero angle of the asymmetric straight-edge tool, move the tool to the tool setting position set in A1.

[0102] B2: Set the number of rotary tool setting, as well as the tool setting feed speed, spindle rotation speed, and tool setting retraction amount used in each step of tool setting;

[0103] In a specific embodiment, it is recommended to set the number of rotary tool setting to less than 3 times. If higher precision requirements are required, more times of tool setting can be performed.

[0104] In a specific embodiment, the tool setting retraction amount must be less than half of the blade length on both sides of the tool to ensure that the asymmetric straight-edge tool can block the laser beam emitted by the laser tool setting device during tool setting, and the tool setting retraction amount is not less than the detection accuracy of the tool setting device. The tool setting feed speed and spindle rotation speed need to be set based on the detection accuracy of the machine tool and the tool setting device.

[0105] The specific conditions regarding the tool retraction amount and the different positions of the tool cutting edge surface can be divided into Figures 5 to 8 These four situations:

[0106] like Figure 5 As shown, when the cutting edge of the tool is close to the laser beam 301, the tool retraction amount L1 is set, and when the tool rotation angle is θ 11 When one end of the cutting edge of the tool interferes with the laser beam 301, the laser beam is in a disconnected state and is informed by the system feedback. At this time, the rotation angle θ can be calculated. 11 The relationship between the tool setting and tool retraction amount L1 is as follows:

[0107] θ 11 +θ 21 +θ 31 =90°

[0108]

[0109] Where A1 is the distance between the spindle center position 201 and the tool side wall, A2 is the distance between the spindle center position 201 and the tool edge tip, θ 21 is the rotation angle θ 11 The angle between the rear A2 and the horizontal direction, θ 31 is the angle between A2 and the vertical direction before rotation, where the tool specifications are known, namely A1, A2, θ 31 are all known values, L1 is the set value, which is known, so θ can be calculated 21 value, and determine θ 21 The relationship between the value and the value L1.

[0110] like Figure 6 As shown, when the cutting edge of the tool is away from the laser beam 301, the tool retraction amount is set to L1, and when the tool rotation angle is θ 12 When the non-cutting edge of the tool interferes with the laser beam 301, the laser beam is in a disconnected state and the system feedback informs that the rotation angle θ can be calculated. 12 The relationship between the tool retraction amount L1 is as follows:

[0111] θ 12 +θ 22 +θ 32 =90°

[0112]

[0113] Where A1 is the distance between the spindle center position 201 and the tool side wall, A3 is the distance between the spindle center position 201 and the intersection of the tool edge and the tool side, θ 22 is the rotation angle θ 12 The angle between the rear A3 and the horizontal direction, θ 32 is the angle between A3 and the vertical direction before rotation, where the tool specifications are known, namely A1, A3, θ 32 are all known values, L1 is the set value, which is known, so θ can be calculated 22 value, and determine θ 22 The relationship between the value and the value L1.

[0114] like Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 1 , when the non-cutting edge surface of the tool is close to the laser beam 301, when different lengths of tool retraction are set, the interference position of the laser beam 301 when it is disconnected is also different; when the tool retraction amount is set to L3, when the tool rotates to align the light, the laser beam 301 interferes with both the non-cutting edge surface and the cutting edge surface, and the rotation angle θ can be calculated based on this. 14 The relationship between the tool retraction amount L3 is as follows:

[0115] θ 14 =θ 31 +θ 41

[0116] According to the central axis auxiliary line 312 and the laser beam 301 tool cutting edge surface and non-cutting edge surface are parallel, according to the equal internal angle of the two parallel lines, it can be known that θ 31 =θ 311 ,θ 41 =θ 411 ,Depend on Figure 7 As shown, we can get:

[0117] θ=θ 311 +θ 411 =θ 31 +θ 41 =θ 14

[0118]

[0119] Where, tool edge angle θ is the specification parameter of the tool, A1 is the distance between the spindle center position 201 and the tool side wall, A2 is the distance between the spindle center position 201 and the tip of the tool edge, θ 41 is the rotation angle θ 14 The angle between the rear A2 and the vertical direction, θ 31 is the angle between A2 and the vertical direction before rotation, θ411 is θ 41 The interior angle, θ 311 is θ 31 The interior angles of 31 ,θ 311 ,θ 41 ,θ 411 , A1, A2 are known values, L3 is the set value, the rotation angle θ can be calculated 14 The relationship between the tool setting withdrawal amount L3 and the tool setting withdrawal amount is as above; therefore, when the tool setting withdrawal amount is set to L3, the tool rotation angle is the tool blade angle θ, and the laser beam 301 interferes with both the non-cutting blade surface and the cutting blade surface.

[0120] like Figure 8 As shown in the figure, when the non-cutting edge surface of the tool is close to the laser beam 301, the tool retraction amount is L2, and the tool rotates to align the light. At this time, the cutting edge surface of the tool interferes with the laser beam 301. Figure 8 It can be seen that:

[0121] θ 23 +θ 13 -θ 31 =90°

[0122]

[0123] θ 31 =θ 312

[0124] Where A1 is the distance between the spindle center position 201 and the tool side wall, A2 is the distance between the spindle center position 201 and the tool edge tip, θ 23 is the rotation angle θ 13 The angle between the rear A2 and the horizontal direction, θ 31 is the angle between A2 and the vertical direction before rotation, θ 312 is the angle between A2 and the side wall of the tool, where the tool specifications are known, namely A1, A2, θ 31 ,θ 23 ,θ 312 are all known values, L2 is the set value, which is known, so the rotation angle θ can be calculated 13 and determine the value of θ 13 The relationship between the value and the value L2.

[0125] According to the above four different situations, the relationship between the rotation angle and the tool retraction value when different blade surfaces are facing the light can be obtained respectively. Because the rotation angle of the tool will be displayed inside the machine tool system when aligning the light, it is only necessary to set the corresponding tool retraction amount during the actual alignment test, and then the position of the cutting blade surface and the non-cutting blade surface of the tool can be obtained based on the output value of the tool rotation angle when facing the light.

[0126] B3: Move the asymmetric straight-edge tool 2 mounted on the spindle toward one side (direction 303) of the laser beam 301 emitted by the laser tool setting instrument 1 until the laser beam 301 is blocked, and the asymmetric straight-edge tool 22 mounted on the spindle stops moving;

[0127] B4: Retract in the direction 304 opposite to the feeding direction 303 in step B3. The retraction distance is the size of the tool retraction amount L, and the L value is Figure 5-Figure 8 There are three cases: L1, L2, and L3;

[0128] B5: The asymmetric straight-edge tool 2 installed on the spindle is rotated along the direction 306 with the spindle center position 201. Due to the symmetry of the two sides of the tool blade, the selected directions 306 and 305 are consistent with the subsequent output results and will not cause any impact; when the laser beam 301 is blocked, the size of the machine tool spindle rotation angle value α1 is recorded;

[0129] B6: Align the asymmetric straight-edge tool 2 installed on the spindle to the zero angle SP0, move the asymmetric straight-edge tool 2 installed on the spindle to the initial tool setting position 302 of step B2 and perform secondary tool setting at the same feed speed, rotation speed and rotation direction;

[0130] B7: Repeat the operations of steps B4, B5, and B6 to obtain the size of the second machine tool spindle rotation angle value α2. If the sizes of the two spindle rotation angle values ​​are consistent or the difference is less than ±0.5° (or the absolute value of the difference between the two is less than 1°), determine the correctness of the spindle rotation angle value, and determine the machine tool spindle rotation angle value α according to the machine tool spindle rotation angle value α1 and the second machine tool spindle rotation angle value α2; if the sizes are inconsistent or the output spindle rotation angle values ​​differ greatly, repeat the operation of step B7 again, and consider adjusting the tool feed speed and spindle rotation speed set in step B2 (for example, appropriately reduce the tool feed speed and spindle rotation speed set in step B2) to ensure the accuracy of the two approximate values;

[0131] B8: By substituting the main axis rotation angle α into and replacing θ in the above formula 11 ,θ 12 ,θ 13 ,θ 14 The value of the calculated result and the value of the tool retraction L are used to judge whether it meets the requirements. Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 According to the state of the asymmetric straight-edge tool, one side of the tool can be judged as the cutting surface of the blade.

[0132] The entire tool setting process of this specific embodiment takes about two minutes (depending on the initial angle), and the accuracy of the tool setting instrument needs to be within 0.2° to ensure the feasibility of this patent embodiment.

[0133] The method for setting an asymmetric straight-edge tool proposed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention solves the problem that the existing single-beam laser tool setting instrument cannot achieve angle setting of asymmetric straight-edge tools and cannot determine the position of the tool cutting processing edge surface, so that asymmetric straight-edge tools can also be automatically set, and the cutting edge surface is automatically corrected to be consistent with the workpiece during cutting, which saves time and labor and has good precision and stability. It not only ensures the stability and reliability of the spindle cutting acoustic system, but also improves the precision and efficiency of honeycomb material processing.

[0134] The present invention can realize automatic and high-precision tool setting, correct the starting angle of an asymmetric straight-edge tool, ensure the fit between the tool blade and the workpiece during subsequent cutting processing, so as to ensure smooth processing, reduce the time cost of manual tool setting, and improve efficiency and tool setting accuracy.

[0135] The automatic tool setting method for asymmetric straight-edge tools proposed in the present invention does not require tool setting by blocking the width of the laser by the tool, but only requires the use of a single-beam laser, thereby reducing the requirements for laser testing hardware in the tool setting process of asymmetric straight-edge tools. The currently mature laser tool setting instruments on the market can be used, and a laser switch can also be used for independent development.

[0136] The background section of the present invention may contain background information about the problem or environment of the present invention, rather than describing the prior art by others. Therefore, the content contained in the background section is not an admission by the applicant that the prior art is available.

[0137] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with specific / preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, without departing from the concept of the present invention, it can also make several substitutions or modifications to these described embodiments, and these substitutions or modifications should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention. In the description of this specification, the description of reference terms "an embodiment", "some embodiments", "preferred embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in combination with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily target the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, in the absence of mutual contradiction, the technical personnel in this field can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples. Although the embodiments of the present invention and their advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and modifications can be made herein without departing from the scope defined by the attached claims.

Claims

1. An automatic tool setting method for an asymmetric straight-edge tool, characterized in that: The method comprises the steps of determining the zero angle of the asymmetric straight-edge tool and determining the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-edge tool; wherein: The step of determining the zero angle of the asymmetric straight-edge tool comprises: using a laser tool setting instrument to automatically set the asymmetric straight-edge tool fixedly connected to the main shaft of the machine tool, wherein the automatic tool setting is divided into multiple steps and is performed in sequence, and in each step, the tool is first moved back and forth along a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setting instrument to determine the coordinate position of the tool tip of the asymmetric straight-edge tool according to whether the laser beam is blocked, and then the asymmetric straight-edge tool is rotated forward and reversely in sequence to calculate the zero angle of the asymmetric straight-edge tool according to whether the laser beam is blocked; The step of determining the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-edge tool comprises: Obtaining the tool rotation angle value: returning the asymmetric straight-edge tool to the initial tool setting position, and moving in a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setting instrument, in a direction close to the laser beam, to a position just blocking the laser beam, and then moving in a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setting instrument, in a direction away from the laser beam, by a preset tool setting retraction amount, and rotating the asymmetric straight-edge tool until the laser beam is blocked to obtain the tool rotation angle value; Determine the cutting edge position: determine the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-edge tool according to the relationship between the tool rotation angle value and the tool retraction amount.

2. The automatic tool setting method for an asymmetric straight-edge tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the step of determining the cutting blade position, the step also includes repeatedly obtaining the tool rotation angle value and comparing the tool rotation angle values ​​obtained twice. If the difference between the tool rotation angle values ​​obtained twice is within a preset range, the cutting blade position of the asymmetric straight blade tool is determined based on the relationship between the tool rotation angle value and the tool retraction amount.

3. The automatic tool setting method for an asymmetric straight-edge tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-edge tool comprises: B1: Rotate the machine tool spindle to the zero angle; B2: returning the asymmetric straight-edge tool to the initial tool setting position, setting the tool setting retraction amount, and determining the moving feed speed, spindle rotation speed and rotation direction of the asymmetric straight-edge tool; B3: moving the asymmetric straight-edge tool at the moving feed speed in a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setting instrument, toward the direction of the laser beam, until the laser beam is blocked and the tool stops moving; B4: moving the asymmetric straight-edge tool at the moving feed speed in a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setting instrument, in a direction away from the laser beam, and the moving distance is the tool setting retraction amount; B5: rotating the asymmetric straight-edge tool according to the spindle rotation speed and the rotation direction until the laser beam is blocked, and obtaining a tool rotation angle value; B6: Repeat steps B1 to B5 at least once to obtain at least one tool rotation angle value; B7: Compare any two of the multiple tool rotation angle values ​​obtained. If the difference between any two tool rotation angle values ​​is within a preset range, determine the position of the asymmetric straight-edge tool based on the relationship between the tool rotation angle value and the tool retraction amount.

4. The automatic tool setting method for an asymmetric straight-edge tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: If the difference between the two tool rotation angle values ​​is not within the preset range, return to repeat step B6, and reduce the movement feed speed and the spindle rotation speed when repeating step B2 in step B6.

5. The automatic tool setting method for an asymmetric straight-edge tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step B6, steps B1 to B5 are repeated once or twice to obtain one or two tool rotation angle values.

6. The automatic tool setting method for an asymmetric straight-edge tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, Determining the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-edge tool according to the relationship between the tool rotation angle value and the tool retraction amount specifically includes: a. When the tool rotates at an angle θ 11 The relationship between the tool set back amount L1 is as follows, which means that the cutting edge surface of the asymmetric straight-edge tool is close to the laser beam; i 11 +θ 21 +θ 31 =90° Where A1 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the side wall of the tool, A2 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the tip of the tool edge, θ 21 is the rotation angle θ 11 The angle between the rear A2 and the horizontal direction, θ 31 is the angle between A2 and the vertical direction before rotation; b. When the tool rotates at an angle θ 12 The relationship between the tool set back amount L1 is as follows, which means that the cutting edge surface of the asymmetric straight-edge tool is away from the laser beam; i 12 +θ 22 +θ 32 =90° Where A1 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the side wall of the tool, A3 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the intersection of the tool edge and the side of the tool, θ 22 is the rotation angle θ 12 The angle between the rear A3 and the horizontal direction, θ 32 is the angle between A3 and the vertical direction before rotation; c. When the tool rotates at an angle θ 14 The relationship between the tool setting retraction amount L3 is as follows, and when the asymmetric straight-edge tool is rotated for light setting, the laser beam interferes with both the non-cutting edge surface and the cutting edge surface, which means that the non-cutting edge surface of the asymmetric straight-edge tool is close to the laser beam; θ=θ 311 +θ 411 =θ 31 +θ 41 =θ 14 Wherein, θ is the tool edge angle of the asymmetric straight-edge tool, A1 is the distance between the center position of the machine tool spindle and the side wall of the tool, A2 is the distance between the center position of the machine tool spindle and the tip of the tool edge, θ 41 is the rotation angle θ 14 The angle between the rear A2 and the vertical direction, θ 31 is the angle between A2 and the vertical direction before rotation, θ 411 is θ 41 The interior angle, θ 311 is θ 31 The alternate interior angles of d. When the tool rotates at an angle θ 13 The relationship between the tool set back amount L2 is as follows, and when the asymmetric straight-edge tool is rotated for light setting, the laser beam and the cutting edge face interfere with each other, which means that the non-cutting edge face of the asymmetric straight-edge tool is close to the laser beam; i 23 +θ 13 -θ 31 =90° i 31 =θ 312 Where A1 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the side wall of the tool, A2 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the tip of the tool edge, θ 23 is the rotation angle θ 13 The angle between the rear A2 and the horizontal direction, θ 31 is the angle between A2 and the vertical direction before rotation, θ 312 It is the angle between A2 and the side wall of the tool.

7. The automatic tool setting method for an asymmetric straight-edge tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool setting retraction amount is less than half of the edge length of both sides of the asymmetric straight-edge tool and is greater than or equal to the detection accuracy of the laser tool setting instrument.

8. The automatic tool setting method for an asymmetric straight-edge tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the zero angle of the asymmetric straight-edge tool specifically includes: A1: Set the tool setting position of the asymmetric straight-edge tool and move the machine tool spindle to the tool setting position; A2: Set the total number of tool setting steps n and the tool setting retraction amount used in each step; A3: Start the i-th step of tool setting, and move the machine tool spindle along the first feed direction until the laser beam is blocked and stops moving; A4: withdraw the machine tool spindle along a second feed direction, the withdrawal distance being equal to the tool setting withdrawal amount in the i-th step, wherein the second feed direction is opposite to the first feed direction; A5: Rotate the machine tool spindle along the first rotation direction until the laser beam is blocked and stops rotating, and record the angle value SP of the machine tool spindle at this time i1 ; A6: Rotate the machine tool spindle in the second rotation direction until the laser beam is blocked and stops rotating, and record the angle value SP of the machine tool spindle at this time i2 , wherein the second rotation direction is opposite to the first rotation direction; A7: The angle value SP of the machine tool spindle recorded in step A5 i1 and the angle value SP of the machine tool spindle recorded in step A6 i2 Calculate the tool setting angle SP for step i i3 ; A8: Rotate the machine tool spindle and adjust the angle value of the machine tool spindle to the tool setting angle SP of the i-th step calculated in step A7. i3 , complete the i-th step of tool setting; A9: Determine whether i is less than n. If yes, set i=i+1 and return to step A3. If no, the tool setting is terminated and the angle of the machine tool spindle at this time is recorded as the zero angle of the asymmetric straight-edge tool. When step A3 is executed for the first time, i=1 is set.

9. The automatic tool setting method for an asymmetric straight-edge tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the tool setting angle SPi3 in step A7 is:

10. The automatic tool setting method for an asymmetric straight-edge tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first feeding direction is: from the tool setting position along a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setting instrument, and the first rotation direction is a clockwise or counterclockwise rotation direction around the Z axis of the machine tool spindle; Step A2 includes: setting a total number of tool setting steps n, and setting the tool setting feed speed used in the i+1th step to be less than the tool setting feed speed used in the i-th step, setting the tool setting spindle rotation speed used in the i+1th step to be less than the tool setting spindle rotation speed used in the i-th step, setting the tool setting retraction amount used in the i+1th step to be less than the tool setting retraction amount used in the i-th step, and the tool setting retraction amount used in each step is not less than the detection accuracy of the laser tool setting instrument; Moving the machine tool spindle along the first feeding direction in step A3 specifically includes: moving the machine tool spindle along the first feeding direction at the tool setting feeding speed of the i-th step; In step A4, withdrawing the machine tool spindle along the second feeding direction specifically includes: withdrawing the machine tool spindle along the second feeding direction at the tool setting feeding speed of the i-th step; In step A5, rotating the machine tool spindle along the first rotation direction specifically includes: rotating the machine tool spindle along the first rotation direction at the rotation speed of the tool setting spindle in the i-th step; Rotating the machine tool spindle along the second rotation direction in step A6 specifically includes: rotating the machine tool spindle along the second rotation direction at the tool setting spindle rotation speed of the i-th step.

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