High-stress hard mixed rock tunnel TBM stuck machine escape method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) jamming escape method. The high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel TBM jamming escape method comprises the steps that a shield body area and the front portion of a tunnel face are reinforced, triangular steel bar rows are sequentially built above a TBM cutterhead, a plurality of high-frequency vibration drilling tool high-pressure water outlet devices are evenly distributed at the upper end of a TBM shield, and a left pilot tunnel and a right pilot tunnel are excavated in the two sides of the front portion of the TBM shield in an expanding mode respectively. Compared with the prior art, the high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel TBM jamming escape method has the advantage that the situation that a TBM cutterhead is locked and a TBM shield is locked due to falling broken rock, and consequently TBM jamming is caused is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of TBM stuck machines, and in particular to a method for freeing a TBM stuck machine in a high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel. Background Art

[0002] TBM jams are primarily caused by the cutterhead and shield becoming stuck. Cutterhead jams typically occur in weakly cemented tunnel sections, such as those in fractured or altered zones. They are caused by the pressure exerted on the cutterhead by the loose collapse of the surrounding rock, which exceeds its torque. Specific instances of cutterhead jams include: the crushing of the surrounding rock at the face, which causes large rock masses to collapse and jam the cutterhead; mud and sand gushing out of the face, which floods the cutterhead and prevents it from rotating; mudstone softening with water, which blocks the cutterhead; and areas with developed hidden cracks and cleavage fissures, which cause rock blocks to fall and crush the TBM head. Shield jams primarily occur in areas of significant surrounding rock deformation. The fundamental cause of shield jams is when the stress caused by surrounding rock deformation exceeds the TBM's escape thrust. Shield jams include: surrounding rock collapse jamming the shield shell; surrounding rock convergence, which causes the shield shell to be tightly wrapped; excessive shrinkage deformation during excavation of weak expansive mudstone, which locks the TBM; or shrinkage effects caused by high ground stress. TBM jams caused by posture deviation typically occur when the bearing capacity of the invert at the bottom of the TBM excavation space decreases after being soaked in water, preventing the TBM from effectively adjusting its direction. Alternatively, the TBM may deviate too far from its designed position, preventing further advancement. For tunnels involving highly stressed hard mixed rock, the rock contains numerous hidden fractures that, under high ground stress conditions, open and continuously deteriorate after unloading. Many structural surfaces, geologically known as rigid or hard surfaces, collapse after unloading, causing landslides. Rock fragments of varying sizes fall into the cutterhead's crevices, jamming the cutterhead and causing the TBM to jam. Furthermore, if a rockburst of varying severity occurs at this time, hidden fractures in the rock can open and collapse, causing the surrounding rock to collapse between the shield and the normal top rock, causing the shield to lock and the TBM to jam.

[0003] Active TBM jam relief techniques primarily include pilot tunnel unloading, advance reinforcement, TBM excavation, TBM equipment modification, and other specialized methods. While pilot tunnel unloading can effectively resolve the jam, it significantly disrupts the on-site environment and can easily create additional engineering risks. While advance reinforcement can address potential risks in advance, it presents significant technical difficulties, high costs, and limited effectiveness in extremely complex geological conditions. While TBM excavation and equipment modification offer a degree of flexibility, they require additional technical support and cost investment, and may impact the overall performance of the TBM. Furthermore, other specialized methods, such as freezing and retreating, while feasible in specific circumstances, are complex to operate and carry certain safety risks. For specific geological environments, appropriate and effective treatment methods are necessary.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a method for TBM jamming in high-stress hard mixed rock tunnels, so that the TBM cutter head and shield can be unstuck and normal excavation can be achieved in a high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel environment, is a technical problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a TBM stuck machine rescue technology in a high-ground stress hard mixed rock tunnel, so as to achieve the technical problem of unstuck TBM cutter head and shield in a high-ground stress hard mixed rock tunnel environment and normal excavation.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a method for freeing a TBM stuck in a high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel, the method comprising: reinforcing the shield area and the front of the heading face, arranging and grouting new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rods on both sides of the rear of the TBM shield; orderly building triangular steel bar rows above the TBM cutterhead, and arranging triangular steel bar rows above the TBM cutterhead along the circumferential direction of the TBM cutterhead; evenly arranging a number of high-frequency vibration drill tool high-pressure water outlet devices at the upper end of the TBM shield; and expanding the left and right pilot tunnels on both sides in front of the TBM shield respectively; the high-frequency vibration drill tool high-pressure water outlet device is a device in which a high-frequency vibration drill tool and a high-pressure water outlet device are linked together.

[0007] In the first aspect, the novel umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor comprises: a first grouting anchor body, the first grouting anchor body being a hollow cylindrical structure, a plurality of first anchor grouting holes being arranged at intervals on the first grouting anchor body; one end of the first grouting anchor body being fixedly connected to a circular arc-shaped anchor head, a plurality of air inlet holes being provided on the anchor head.

[0008] In the first aspect, the novel umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rod further comprises an umbrella support head, and the umbrella support head comprises: a plurality of tightly fitting frames, the plurality of tightly fitting frames are evenly arranged on the periphery of one end of the first grouting anchor rod body, each of the tightly fitting frames comprises a first fitting movable rod and a second fitting movable rod, one end of each of the first fitting movable rods is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of one end of the first grouting anchor rod body; the other end of each of the first fitting movable rods is movably connected to one end of the corresponding second fitting movable rod; a fixing nut for the umbrella support bracket, the fixing nut The fixed umbrella support bracket nut can be slidably mounted on one end of the first grouting anchor body, and the other end of each second fitting movable rod is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the fixed umbrella support bracket nut; wherein, the outer side wall of one end of the first grouting anchor body is provided with a clamping groove, and the clamping groove is located on the side of the fixed umbrella support bracket nut close to the anchor head, and the clamping groove is adapted to the fixed umbrella support bracket nut, so that when the first grouting anchor body is pulled, the fixed umbrella support bracket nut slides along the first grouting anchor body toward one end of the anchor head and is clamped with the clamping groove.

[0009] In the first aspect, the umbrella support head further includes: a plurality of triangular support rods, the number of the triangular support rods being adapted to the number of the tightly fitting frames, and a first connecting hole being provided in the middle of each triangular support rod; a plurality of groups of spring retractors, each group of the spring retractors corresponding to one triangular support rod, and each group of the spring retractors including two spring retractors, one end of one spring retractor being fixedly connected to one end of a corresponding triangular support rod, and the other end of one spring retractor being fixedly connected to the middle of the corresponding first fitting movable rod; one end of the other spring retractor It is fixedly connected to the other end of the corresponding one of the triangular support rods, and the other end of the other spring retractor is fixedly connected to the middle of the corresponding second fitting movable rod; wherein, the umbrella support head also includes a link telescopic frame buckle, one end of each of the first fitting movable rods is provided with a second connecting hole, and one end of each of the second fitting movable rods is provided with a second connecting hole, and the link telescopic frame buckle movably connects one end of one of the first fitting movable rods with one end of the corresponding one of the second fitting movable rods and the middle end of the corresponding one of the triangular support rods through the first connecting hole, the second connecting hole, and the third connecting hole.

[0010] In the first aspect, the novel umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor further comprises: two connecting sleeves, each of which has a connecting sleeve slurry outlet hole in the middle; a second grouting anchor body, a plurality of second anchor slurry outlet holes spaced apart on the second grouting anchor body, one end of the second grouting anchor body is fixedly connected to the other end of the first grouting anchor body through one of the connecting sleeves; a third grouting anchor body, a plurality of third anchor slurry outlet holes spaced apart on the third grouting anchor body, one end of the third grouting anchor body is fixedly connected to the other end of the second grouting anchor body through another of the connecting sleeves; the other end of the third grouting anchor body has a An air outlet hole; a grouting plug, which has a truncated cone-shaped structure, and a grouting through hole that matches the outer diameter of the third grouting anchor body is provided in the middle of the grouting plug, and the grouting plug is sleeved on the other end of the third grouting anchor body, and several of the third anchor grouting holes are located on the upper part of the grouting plug; a pad, which has a square structure, and a pad hole that matches the outer diameter of the third grouting anchor body is provided in the middle of the pad, and the pad is sleeved on the other end of the third grouting anchor body to abut against the grouting plug, and the pad is located at the lower part of the grouting plug; a fixing nut, which is sleeved on the other end of the third grouting anchor body to abut against the pad.

[0011] In the first aspect, the arrangement of the new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rods on both sides behind the TBM shield specifically includes: contracting the TBM shield and the TBM cutter head, arranging holes, drilling holes, and cleaning holes on the inner wall of the broken surrounding rock above the tunnel to obtain anchor holes; inserting the new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rods into the anchor holes, pulling the new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rods to open the umbrella support head and make the grouting plug rest against the orifice of the anchor hole, then installing the pad and the fixing nut, and then grouting into the new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rods, stopping grouting when grouting occurs, and completing grouting; the new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rods are evenly arranged perpendicular to the inner wall of the broken surrounding rock.

[0012] In the first aspect, the high-frequency vibration drilling tool high-pressure water outlet equipment includes: a gravel discharge channel, the gravel discharge channel is a cylindrical structure, a stone discharge port is opened on the side wall of one end of the gravel discharge channel, and a movable stone discharge gate is provided at the stone discharge port; a drill bit, the drill bit is fixedly connected to one end of the gravel discharge channel; a plurality of multi-spiral cutting bits, each of the multi-spiral cutting bits is a serrated structure, and the multi-spiral cutting bits are evenly arranged around the outer side wall of the other end of the gravel discharge channel; a water storage device, the water storage device is located above the plurality of multi-spiral cutting bits, and the water storage device is fixed The high-pressure water spraying device is fixed on the outer wall of the gravel discharge channel, and the water storage device includes a water storage inlet and a water storage outlet; the high-pressure water spraying device is arranged adjacent to the drill bit, and the high-pressure water spraying device includes a water inlet, and the water inlet is fixedly connected to the water storage outlet through a high-pressure water pipe, and the high-pressure water spraying device is obliquely fixed on the outer wall of the gravel discharge channel; the pressure pump is fixed on the inner wall of one end of the gravel discharge channel, the output end of the pressure pump is connected to the water storage inlet through a water pipe, and the input end of the pressure pump is detachably connected to the internal water supply source of the TBM through a water pipe.

[0013] In the first aspect, the high-frequency vibration drilling tool high-pressure water output equipment also includes: a telescopic connecting rod, the telescopic connecting rod has a cylindrical structure, one end of the telescopic connecting rod has an elliptical cross-section structure, and one end of the telescopic connecting rod is fixedly connected to the other end of the gravel discharge channel; a rotating telescopic screw, the rotating telescopic screw is adapted to the telescopic connecting rod, the rotating telescopic connecting rod has a spiral structure, and the rotating telescopic screw is fixed around the periphery of the telescopic connecting rod; a fixed base, the fixed base has a threaded structure, and one end of the fixed base is fixedly connected to the TBM shield; a rotating motor, the fixed end of the rotating motor is fixedly connected to the other end of the fixed base, and the rotating end of the rotating motor is fixedly connected to the other end of the telescopic connecting rod.

[0014] In the first aspect, the high-frequency vibration drilling tool high-pressure water output equipment also includes a control rotation device, which includes a power supply and a control rotation system, and the control rotation system is connected to the rotating motor; wherein the power supply is respectively connected to the control rotation system, the rotating motor, the high-pressure water spraying device, and the pressure pump.

[0015] In the first aspect, the periphery of the left guide tunnel and the periphery of the right guide tunnel are both covered with steel arches for support.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention provides a method for releasing a stuck TBM in a high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel. The method inserts a novel umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rod into the broken surrounding rock 9 above the shield area and above the face and injects grout, thereby reinforcing the surrounding rock in the working area in front of the face, thereby preventing the broken surrounding rock 9 from falling and causing the TBM shield to get stuck. In addition, a triangular steel bar row is arranged above the TBM cutterhead. The triangular steel bar row has the characteristics of being short, dense and stable. When the TBM cutterhead is operating, the triangular steel bar row located above the TBM cutterhead can prevent the broken rock from collapsing and falling into the gap of the TBM cutterhead after the TBM cutterhead drills the rock, thereby preventing the TBM cutterhead from getting stuck. The TBM cannot continue to operate and gets stuck. During TBM operation, the broken surrounding rock 9 above the TBM shield may drop rock blocks of various sizes. When rock falls, the high-frequency vibration drill bit discharges high-pressure water to break the falling rock into smaller rock fragments, and the high-pressure water is used to flush the rock fragments, thereby avoiding the TBM shield from being locked and causing the TBM to get stuck. The method for escaping a TBM jam in a high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel of the present invention also performs pilot tunnel expansion on both sides in front of the TBM shield, so as to facilitate manual cleaning of the broken rock in the gap between the TBM cutter heads, further avoiding the broken rock from causing the TBM cutter head to get stuck and causing the TBM to get stuck. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic side view of the structure of a TBM stuck in a high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the structure of a triangular steel bar row built above the TBM cutterhead of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the novel umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rod of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of an umbrella support head of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the high-frequency vibration drilling tool high-pressure water outlet equipment of the present invention.

[0024] Reference numerals:

[0025] 1. TBM shield;

[0026] 2. New umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor; 201. First grouting anchor body; 202. Anchor head; 203. Air inlet; 204. Umbrella support head; 2041. Tight fitting frame; 20411. First fitting movable rod; 20412. Second fitting movable rod; 2042. Nut for fixing the umbrella support bracket; 2043. Triangular support rod; 2044. Spring retractor; 2045. Buckle for connecting the retractable frame; 205. Connecting sleeve; 206. Second grouting anchor body; 207. Third grouting anchor body; 208. Grouting stopper; 209. Backing plate; 210. Fixing nut;

[0027] 3. TBM cutterhead;

[0028] 4. Triangular steel bar row;

[0029] 5. High-frequency vibration drilling tool, high-pressure water discharge device; 501. Gravel discharge channel; 502. Movable gate for stone discharge; 503. Drill bit; 504. Multi-spiral cutting head; 505. Water storage device; 506. High-pressure spraying device; 507. Pressure pump; 508. Telescopic coupling rod; 509. Rotating telescopic screw; 510. Fixed base; 511. Rotation control device;

[0030] 6. Left pilot tunnel;

[0031] 7. Right pilot tunnel;

[0032] 8. Steel arch frame;

[0033] 9. Crushing surrounding rock; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this specification to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this specification, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the first embodiment provides a method for freeing a TBM stuck in a high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel, the method comprising: reinforcing the shield area and the front of the heading face, arranging new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rods 2 on both sides of the rear of the TBM shield 1 and grouting; orderly building triangular steel bar rows 4 above the TBM cutterhead 3, and arranging triangular steel bar rows 4 above the TBM cutterhead 3 along the circumferential direction of the TBM cutterhead 3; evenly arranging a number of high-frequency vibration drill tool high-pressure water outlet devices 5 at the upper end of the TBM shield 1; and excavating a left pilot tunnel 6 and a right pilot tunnel 7 on both sides of the front of the TBM shield 1 respectively; the high-frequency vibration drill tool high-pressure water outlet device 5 is a device in which a high-frequency vibration drill tool and a high-pressure water outlet device are linked together.

[0037] The present invention provides a method for releasing a stuck TBM in a high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel. The method inserts a novel umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rod into the broken surrounding rock 9 above the shield area and above the face and injects grout, thereby reinforcing the surrounding rock in the working area in front of the face, thereby preventing the broken surrounding rock 9 from falling and causing the TBM shield to get stuck. In addition, a triangular steel bar row is arranged above the TBM cutterhead. The triangular steel bar row has the characteristics of being short, dense and stable. When the TBM cutterhead is operating, the triangular steel bar row located above the TBM cutterhead can prevent the broken rock from collapsing and falling into the gap of the TBM cutterhead after the TBM cutterhead drills the rock, thereby preventing the TBM cutterhead from getting stuck. The TBM cannot continue to operate and gets stuck. During TBM operation, the broken surrounding rock 9 above the TBM shield may drop rock blocks of various sizes. When rock falls, the high-frequency vibration drill bit discharges high-pressure water to break the falling rock into smaller rock fragments, and the high-pressure water is used to flush the rock fragments, thereby avoiding the TBM shield from being locked and causing the TBM to get stuck. The method for escaping a TBM jam in a high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel of the present invention also performs pilot tunnel expansion on both sides in front of the TBM shield, so as to facilitate manual cleaning of the broken rock in the gap between the TBM cutter heads, further avoiding the broken rock from causing the TBM cutter head to get stuck and causing the TBM to get stuck.

[0038] In some possible implementations, the novel umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor 2 includes: a first grouting anchor body 201, the first grouting anchor body 201 being a hollow cylindrical structure, a plurality of first anchor grouting holes being spaced apart on the first grouting anchor body 201; one end of the first grouting anchor body 201 being fixedly connected to a circular arc-shaped anchor head 202, a plurality of air inlet holes 203 being provided on the anchor head.

[0039] Specifically, the first grouting anchor body has a hollow cylindrical structure, and a number of first anchor slurry outlet holes are arranged along the axial direction of the first grouting anchor body, which is convenient for grouting in the anchor body and for the slurry to flow from the anchor body into the surrounding rock to reinforce the surrounding rock; the anchor head has an arc-shaped structure, which is convenient for the anchor to be inserted into the anchor hole, and a number of air inlet holes are opened on the anchor head to reduce air resistance when the anchor body is inserted into the anchor hole, and at the same time, it is also used for the slurry to flow out.

[0040] In some possible implementations, the novel umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rod 2 further comprises an umbrella support head 204, and the umbrella support head 204 comprises: a plurality of tightly fitting frames 2041, and the plurality of tightly fitting frames 2041 are evenly arranged on the periphery of one end of the first grouting anchor rod body 201, and each of the tightly fitting frames 2041 comprises a first fitting movable rod 20411 and a second fitting movable rod 20412, and one end of each of the first fitting movable rod 20411 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of one end of the first grouting anchor rod body 201; the other end of each of the first fitting movable rod 20411 is movably connected to one end of the corresponding second fitting movable rod 20412; a nut for fixing the umbrella support bracket 2042, the fixed umbrella support bracket nut 2042 can be slidably mounted on one end of the first grouting anchor body 201, and the other end of each second fitting movable rod 20412 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed umbrella support bracket nut 2042; wherein, the outer wall of one end of the first grouting anchor body 201 is provided with a snap-in groove, and the snap-in groove is located on the side of the fixed umbrella support bracket nut 201 close to the anchor head 202, and the snap-in groove is adapted to the fixed umbrella support bracket nut 2042, so that when the first grouting anchor body 201 is pulled, the fixed umbrella support bracket nut 2042 slides along the first grouting anchor body 201 toward one end of the anchor head 202 and is snapped into the snap-in groove.

[0041] Specifically, when the new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rod is inserted into the anchor rod hole, the umbrella support head is attached to the first grouting anchor rod body. After the new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rod is inserted into the anchor rod hole, when the new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rod is pulled outward, the umbrella support head opens, so that the new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rod is fixed more firmly in the broken surrounding rock 9; the first fitting movable rod and the second fitting movable rod are movably connected to form a tightly fitting frame, because one end of the first fitting movable rod is fixedly connected to the first grouting anchor rod body, and the other end of the second fitting movable rod is fixed to the fixed umbrella support The bracket nut is fixed, and the fixed umbrella support bracket nut can slide on the first grouting anchor body, so that the tight fitting frame can be extended and folded on the first grouting anchor body due to the sliding of the fixed umbrella support bracket nut, and the connecting end of the first fitting movable rod and the second fitting movable rod is expanded outward and embedded in the side wall of the anchor hole; the clamping groove adapted to the fixed umbrella support bracket nut is provided on the first grouting anchor body, so that when the tight fitting frame is folded, the fixed umbrella support bracket nut is limited on the first grouting anchor body, and is clamped with the clamping groove so that the tight fitting frame does not extend back after being folded.

[0042] In some possible implementations, the umbrella support head 204 further includes: a plurality of triangular support rods 2043, the number of the triangular support rods 2043 being adapted to the number of the tightly fitting frames 2041, and a first connecting hole being provided in the middle of each triangular support rod 2043; a plurality of groups of spring retractors 2044, each group of spring retractors 2044 corresponding to a triangular support rod 2043, and each group of spring retractors 2044 including two spring retractors 2044, one end of one spring retractor 2044 being fixedly connected to one end of a corresponding triangular support rod 2043, and the other end of one spring retractor 2044 being fixedly connected to the middle of the corresponding first fitting movable rod 20412; and another spring retractor 2044 being fixedly connected to the middle of the first fitting movable rod 20412. One end of the spring retractor 2044 is fixedly connected to the other end of a corresponding triangular support rod 2043, and the other end of another spring retractor 2044 is fixedly connected to the middle of the corresponding second fitting movable rod 20412; wherein, the umbrella support head 204 also includes a linking retractable frame buckle 2045, and each of the first fitting movable rods 20411 has a second connecting hole at one end, and each of the second fitting movable rods 20412 has a second connecting hole at one end. The linking retractable frame buckle 2045 movably connects one end of the first fitting movable rod 20411 with one end of the corresponding second fitting movable rod 20412 and the middle end of the corresponding triangular support rod 2043 through the first connecting hole, the second connecting hole, and the third connecting hole.

[0043] Specifically, the middle end of the triangular support rod, the first fitting movable rod and the second fitting connecting rod are connected by a link telescopic buckle, so that the triangular support rod, the first fitting movable rod and the second fitting movable rod are movably connected, and the two ends of the triangular support rod are fixedly connected to the first fitting movable rod and the second fitting movable rod through a spring telescope. When the tight fitting frame is folded so that the connecting ends of the first fitting movable rod and the second fitting movable rod protrude outward, the triangular support rod changes angle with the first fitting movable rod and the second fitting movable rod respectively under the action of the folding force of the first fitting movable rod and the second fitting movable rod and the force of the spring telescope. The triangular support rod presents a certain angle with the first fitting movable rod and the second fitting movable rod respectively, further expanding the lateral contact area of ​​the umbrella support head in the anchor hole with the broken surrounding rock 9, so that the new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rod is further fixed in the broken surrounding rock 9.

[0044] In some possible implementations, the novel umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor 2 further includes: two connecting sleeves 205, each of which has a connecting sleeve slurry outlet hole in the middle; a second grouting anchor body 206, on which a plurality of second anchor slurry outlet holes are arranged at intervals, and one end of the second grouting anchor body 206 is fixedly connected to the other end of the first grouting anchor body 201 through one of the connecting sleeves 205; a third grouting anchor body 207, on which a plurality of third anchor slurry outlet holes are arranged at intervals, and one end of the third grouting anchor body 207 is fixedly connected to the other end of the second grouting anchor body 206 through another of the connecting sleeves 205; the other end of the third grouting anchor body 207 has an air outlet hole; a grouting stopper 208, the grouting plug is in the form of a truncated cone column, and a grouting through hole matching the outer diameter of the third grouting anchor body 207 is provided in the middle of the grouting plug 208, and the grouting plug 208 is sleeved on the other end of the third grouting anchor body 207, and several of the third anchor grouting holes are located on the upper part of the grouting plug 208; a pad 209, the pad 209 is in the form of a square structure, and a pad hole matching the outer diameter of the third grouting anchor body 207 is provided in the middle of the pad 209, and the pad 209 is sleeved on the other end of the third grouting anchor body 207 and abuts against the grouting plug 208, and the pad 209 is located at the lower part of the grouting plug 208; a fixing nut 210, the fixing nut 210 is sleeved on the other end of the third grouting anchor body 207 and abuts against the pad 209.

[0045] Specifically, the first grouting anchor body and the second grouting anchor body, as well as the second grouting anchor body and the third grouting anchor body are fixedly connected by a connecting sleeve, thereby extending the length of the new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor, so as to further reinforce the broken surrounding rock 9; grouting holes are evenly spaced on the first grouting anchor body, the second grouting anchor body and the third grouting anchor body, so as to allow the slurry to flow out of the anchor hole and into the broken surrounding rock 9 during grouting, thereby further reinforcing the broken surrounding rock 9; the grouting plug is used to block the gap between the third grouting anchor body and the anchor hole, so as to prevent the slurry from directly flowing out of the gap during the grouting process and affecting the grouting effect; the pad is used to further block the gap between the grouting plug and the anchor hole wall, and the fixing nut is used to fix the position of the grouting plug and the pad on the third grouting anchor body, so that the grouting plug and the pad are more tightly pressed against the broken surrounding rock.

[0046] In some possible implementations, the arrangement of the new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rods 2 on both sides behind the TBM shield 1 specifically includes: contracting the TBM shield 1 and the TBM cutter head 3, arranging holes, drilling holes, and cleaning holes on the inner wall of the broken surrounding rock 8 above the tunnel to obtain anchor holes; inserting the new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rods 2 into the anchor holes, pulling the new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rods 2 to open the umbrella support head 204 and make the grouting plug 208 rest against the orifice of the anchor hole, then installing the pad 209 and the fixing nut 210, and then grouting into the new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rods 2, stopping grouting when grouting occurs, and completing grouting; the new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rods 2 are evenly arranged perpendicular to the inner wall of the broken surrounding rock 8.

[0047] Specifically, the umbrella head is opened in the anchor hole, making the connection between the new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor and the broken surrounding rock tighter; the grouting plug is used to block the gap in the anchor hole to prevent the slurry from directly flowing out during the grouting process and affecting the grouting; the pad is used to further seal the gap between the grouting plug and the wall of the anchor hole; the fixing nut is used to fix the grouting plug and the pad, so that the grouting plug and the pad are more tightly against the broken surrounding rock.

[0048] In some possible implementations, the high-frequency vibration drilling tool high-pressure water outlet device 5 includes: a gravel discharge channel 501, the gravel discharge channel 501 is a cylindrical structure, a stone discharge port is opened on the side wall of one end of the gravel discharge channel 501, and a movable stone discharge gate 502 is provided at the stone discharge port; a drill bit 503, the drill bit 503 is fixedly connected to one end of the gravel discharge channel 501; a plurality of multi-spiral cutting heads 504, each of the multi-spiral cutting heads 504 is a serrated structure, and the multi-spiral cutting heads 504 are evenly arranged around the outer side wall of the other end of the gravel discharge channel 501; a water storage device 505, the water storage device 505 is located above the plurality of multi-spiral cutting heads 504, and the water storage device 505 is located above the plurality of multi-spiral cutting heads 504. The device 505 is fixed on the outer wall of the gravel discharge channel 501, and the water storage device 505 includes a water storage inlet and a water storage outlet; a high-pressure water spraying device 506, which is arranged adjacent to the drill bit 503, and the high-pressure water spraying device 506 includes a water inlet, and the water inlet is fixedly connected to the water storage outlet through a high-pressure water pipe, and the high-pressure water spraying device 506 is obliquely fixed on the outer wall of the gravel discharge channel 501; a pressure pump 507, which is fixed on the inner wall of one end of the gravel discharge channel 501, and the output end of the pressure pump 507 is connected to the water storage inlet through a water pipe, and the input end of the pressure pump 507 is detachably connected to the internal water supply source of the TBM through a water pipe.

[0049] Specifically, the gravel discharge channel is used to discharge the fallen rocks crushed by the drill bit. The rocks crushed by the drill bit enter the stone discharge port through the inclined stone discharge movable gate and reach the gravel discharge channel, and then slide down from the gravel discharge channel and through the rotating telescopic screw to avoid the locking effect on the TBM shield; the multi-spiral cutting head is used to further crush some of the larger rocks that have not been completely crushed, and the crushed rocks slide down through the rotating telescopic rod to further avoid the locking effect on the TBM shield; the water storage device is used to store water and increase the water source for the high-pressure water spraying device. When there is a lack of water or insufficient water in the water storage device, the input end of the pressure pump is connected to the water source inside the TBM, and water is delivered to the water storage device through the pressure pump. After the water delivery is completed, the pressure pump and the water source inside the TBM are disconnected; the high-pressure water spraying device flushes the crushed rocks above the TBM shield through high-pressure water spraying, and at the same time reduces dust pollution in the artificial construction environment.

[0050] In some possible implementations, the high-frequency vibration drilling tool high-pressure water outlet device 5 further includes: a telescopic connecting rod 508, the telescopic connecting rod 508 is a cylindrical structure, one end of the telescopic connecting rod 508 is an elliptical cross-section structure, and one end of the telescopic connecting rod 508 is fixedly connected to the other end of the gravel discharge channel 501; a rotating telescopic screw 509, the rotating telescopic screw 509 is adapted to the telescopic connecting rod 508, the rotating telescopic connecting rod 509 is a spiral structure, and the rotating telescopic screw 509 is fixed around the outer periphery of the telescopic connecting rod 508; a fixed base 510, the fixed base 510 is a threaded structure, and one end of the fixed base 510 is fixedly connected to the TBM shield 1; a rotating motor, the fixed end of the rotating motor is fixedly connected to the other end of the fixed base 510, and the rotating end of the rotating motor is fixedly connected to the other end of the telescopic connecting rod 508.

[0051] Specifically, the connecting end of the telescopic coupling rod and the gravel discharge channel is an elliptical cross-section structure, so that the connecting end of the telescopic coupling rod and the gravel discharge channel has a gravel discharge outlet, so that the crushed rock coming down from the gravel discharge channel can pass through the gravel discharge outlet to reach the rotating telescopic screw and slide down; the telescopic coupling rod can be telescoped, and when the distance between the TBM shield and the upper inner wall of the tunnel is long, the telescopic coupling rod can be extended to reduce the distance from the upper inner wall of the drill tunnel; the rotating telescopic screw is adapted to the telescopic coupling rod, and during the extension of the telescopic coupling rod, the rotating telescopic screw is stretched along with the telescopic coupling rod, and the rotating telescopic screw can be used to provide a sliding track for the crushed rock; the fixed base is used to install the high-frequency vibration drilling tool high-pressure water outlet equipment, and the rotating motor is located between the fixed base and the telescopic coupling screw, which is used to drive the telescopic coupling screw to rotate, so that the high-frequency vibration drilling tool high-pressure water outlet equipment rotates as a whole except the fixed base, so that the drill bit and the multi-spiral cutting head crush the rock.

[0052] In some possible implementations, the high-frequency vibration drilling tool high-pressure water output equipment 5 also includes a control rotation device 511, and the control rotation device 511 includes a power supply and a control rotation system, and the control rotation system is connected to the rotating motor; wherein the power supply is respectively connected to the control rotation system, the rotating motor, the high-pressure water spraying device 506, and the pressure pump 507.

[0053] Specifically, the power supply is provided to the pressure pump, the high-pressure water spraying device, the control rotation system and the rotary motor; the control rotation system controls the rotation of the rotary motor to drive the reduction shaft screw to rotate.

[0054] In some possible implementations, the periphery of the left guide tunnel 6 and the periphery of the right guide tunnel 7 are both covered with steel arches 8 for support.

[0055] Specifically, the left guide tunnel and the right guide tunnel are used to manually clean the broken rocks in the gap between the cutter heads in front; steel arch frames are installed on the left guide tunnel and the right guide tunnel to make them more secure.

[0056] The above describes in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concepts of the present invention without inventive effort. Therefore, any technical solutions that can be derived by those skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation based on the concepts of the present invention and the prior art should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for escaping a stuck TBM in a high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel, characterized in that: The method for escaping a stuck TBM in a high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel comprises: The shield area and the front of the tunnel face were reinforced, and new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchors were arranged and grouting was carried out on both sides of the rear of the TBM shield; Triangular steel bars are orderly built above the TBM cutterhead, and the triangular steel bars are arranged above the TBM cutterhead along the circumferential direction of the TBM cutterhead; A plurality of high-frequency vibration drilling tool high-pressure water outlet devices are evenly arranged on the upper end of the TBM shield; A left pilot tunnel and a right pilot tunnel are respectively excavated on both sides in front of the TBM shield; The high-frequency vibration drilling tool high-pressure water outlet equipment is a device in which a high-frequency vibration drilling tool and a high-pressure water outlet device are linked together.

2. A method for escaping a TBM stuck in a high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The novel umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor comprises: The first grouting anchor body is a hollow cylindrical structure, and a plurality of first anchor grouting holes are arranged at intervals on the first grouting anchor body; one end of the first grouting anchor body is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped anchor head, and a plurality of air inlet holes are opened on the anchor head.

3. A method for escaping a TBM stuck in a high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The novel umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rod further comprises an umbrella support head, and the umbrella support head comprises: A plurality of close fitting frames, wherein the close fitting frames are evenly arranged on the periphery of one end of the first grouting anchor body, each of the close fitting frames comprises a first fitting movable rod and a second fitting movable rod, one end of each of the first fitting movable rods is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of one end of the first grouting anchor body; the other end of each of the first fitting movable rods is movably connected to one end of the corresponding second fitting movable rod; A fixed umbrella support bracket nut, wherein the fixed umbrella support bracket nut can be slidably sleeved on one end of the first grouting anchor body, and the other end of each of the second fitting movable rods is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the fixed umbrella support bracket nut; Wherein, a clamping groove is provided on the outer side wall of one end of the first grouting anchor body, and the clamping groove is located on the side of the fixed umbrella support bracket nut close to the anchor head, and the clamping groove is adapted to the fixed umbrella support bracket nut so that when the first grouting anchor body is pulled, the fixed umbrella support bracket nut slides along the first grouting anchor body toward one end of the anchor head and is clamped with the clamping groove.

4. A method for escaping a stuck TBM in a high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The umbrella support head also includes: A plurality of triangular support rods, the number of which matches the number of the plurality of tightly fitting frames, and a first connecting hole is formed in the middle of each of the triangular support rods; A plurality of groups of spring expanders, each group of spring expanders corresponds to one of the triangular support rods, each group of spring expanders includes two spring expanders, one end of one of the spring expanders is fixedly connected to one end of a corresponding triangular support rod, and the other end of one of the spring expanders is fixedly connected to the middle of the corresponding first fitting movable rod; one end of another spring expander is fixedly connected to the other end of a corresponding triangular support rod, and the other end of another spring expander is fixedly connected to the middle of the corresponding second fitting movable rod; In which, the umbrella support head also includes a connecting telescopic frame buckle, one end of each of the first fitting movable rods is provided with a second connecting hole, and one end of each of the second fitting movable rods is provided with a second connecting hole. The connecting telescopic frame buckle flexibly connects one end of one of the first fitting movable rods with one end of a corresponding one of the second fitting movable rods and a corresponding middle end of the triangular support rod through the first connecting hole, the second connecting hole, and the third connecting hole.

5. A method for escaping a stuck TBM in a high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The novel umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor also includes: Two connecting sleeves, each of which has a connecting sleeve slurry outlet hole in the middle; A second grouting anchor body, wherein a plurality of second anchor grouting holes are arranged at intervals on the second grouting anchor body, and one end of the second grouting anchor body is fixedly connected to the other end of the first grouting anchor body through a connecting sleeve; A third grouting anchor body, wherein a plurality of third anchor grouting holes are arranged at intervals on the third grouting anchor body, one end of the third grouting anchor body is fixedly connected to the other end of the second grouting anchor body through another connecting sleeve; and an air outlet hole is provided at the other end of the third grouting anchor body; A grouting plug, which is in a truncated cone column structure, a grouting through hole matching the outer diameter of the third grouting anchor body is provided in the middle of the grouting plug, the grouting plug is sleeved on the other end of the third grouting anchor body, and a plurality of grouting holes of the third anchor are located on the upper part of the grouting plug; A pad, the pad is in a square structure, a pad hole matching the outer diameter of the third grouting anchor body is provided in the middle of the pad, the pad is sleeved on the other end of the third grouting anchor body and abuts against the grouting stopper, and the pad is located at the lower part of the grouting stopper; A fixing nut is sleeved on the other end of the third grouting anchor body and abuts against the pad.

6. A method for escaping a stuck TBM in a high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The arrangement of the new type of umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rods on both sides of the rear of the TBM shield specifically includes: The TBM shield and the TBM cutterhead are retracted, holes are arranged, drilled, and cleaned on the inner wall of the broken surrounding rock above the tunnel to obtain anchor holes; the new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor is inserted into the anchor hole, the new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor is pulled to open the umbrella support head and to make the grout stopper abut against the hole of the anchor hole, and then a pad and a fixing nut are installed, and then grouting is injected into the new umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor, and the grouting is stopped when grouting occurs, and the grouting is completed; The novel umbrella-supported hollow grouting anchor rods are evenly arranged at intervals perpendicular to the inner wall of the broken surrounding rock.

7. A method for escaping a stuck TBM in a high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The high-frequency vibration drilling tool high-pressure water outlet equipment comprises: A gravel discharge channel, wherein the gravel discharge channel is in a cylindrical structure, a side wall at one end of the gravel discharge channel is provided with a stone discharge opening, and a movable stone discharge gate is provided at the stone discharge opening; A drill bit, the drill bit being fixedly connected to one end of the gravel discharge passage; A plurality of multi-spiral cutting bits, each of which has a sawtooth structure, and a plurality of the multi-spiral cutting bits are evenly arranged around the outer side wall at the other end of the gravel discharge channel; A water storage device, the water storage device is located above the plurality of multi-spiral cutting bits, the water storage device is fixed on the outer side wall of the gravel discharge channel, and the water storage device includes a water storage inlet and a water storage outlet; A high-pressure water spraying device, the high-pressure water spraying device is arranged adjacent to the drill bit, the high-pressure water spraying device comprises a water inlet, the water inlet is fixedly connected to the water storage outlet through a high-pressure water pipe, and the high-pressure water spraying device is obliquely fixed on the outer side wall of the gravel discharge channel; A booster pump is fixed on the inner wall of one end of the gravel discharge channel, the output end of the booster pump is connected to the water storage inlet through a water pipe, and the input end of the booster pump is detachably connected to the internal water supply source of the TBM through a water pipe.

8. A method for escaping a stuck TBM in a high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The high-frequency vibration drilling tool high-pressure water outlet equipment also includes: A telescopic coupling rod, wherein the telescopic coupling rod is in a cylindrical structure, one end of the telescopic coupling rod is in an elliptical cross-section structure, and one end of the telescopic coupling rod is fixedly connected to the other end of the gravel discharge channel; A rotating telescopic screw rod, the rotating telescopic screw rod is adapted to the telescopic coupling rod, the rotating telescopic coupling rod is a spiral structure, and the rotating telescopic screw rod is fixed around the periphery of the telescopic coupling rod; A fixed base, wherein the fixed base is a threaded structure, and one end of the fixed base is fixedly connected to the TBM shield; A rotating motor, wherein the fixed end of the rotating motor is fixedly connected to the other end of the fixed base, and the rotating end of the rotating motor is fixedly connected to the other end of the telescopic connecting rod.

9. A method for escaping a stuck TBM in a high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that: The high-frequency vibration drilling tool high-pressure water output equipment also includes a control rotation device, which includes a power supply and a control rotation system, and the control rotation system is connected to the rotating motor; wherein the power supply is respectively connected to the control rotation system, the rotating motor, the high-pressure water spraying device, and the pressure pump.

10. A method for escaping a stuck TBM in a high-stress hard mixed rock tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The peripheries of the left guide tunnel and the right guide tunnel are both covered with steel arch frames for support.

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