Turbulent flow type mixing heat exchanger
By adopting countercurrent cooling and turbulent generator technology in turbulent mixed heat exchangers for deaerator exhaust and cold source water, the problem of steam and non-condensed gas separation in traditional designs is solved, and the heat recovery efficiency and equipment are improved Stability, reducing system costs and desalination water consumption.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411476324.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-17
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the mixed steam and non-condensed gas in the deaerator exhaust are difficult to separate, resulting in increased system heat loss and desalination consumption. The traditional tube heat exchanger design leads to low heat recovery efficiency and steam quenching is caused by steam. The hammer phenomenon causes vibration and rupture of the equipment.
Design a turbulent hybrid heat exchanger, adopting the shell structure and direct contact heat exchange method with countercurrent cooling, through the turbulent generator, the deaerator exhaust gas and cold source water are uniformly sprayed into the shell, forming turbulent flow reinforcement Heat exchange efficiency, and steam expansion and condensation are achieved through L-shaped pipeline arrangement.
It improves the thermal efficiency of the system, reduces the consumption of desalinated water, reduces the cost of the system, avoids equipment vibration and rupture problems caused by steam quenching, and realizes efficient recycling and utilization of steam.
Smart Images
Figure CN119321696A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of heat exchangers, and in particular, relates to a turbulent mixing heat exchanger. Background Art
[0002] The process diagram of nuclear energy steam supply system of Tianwan Nuclear Power Plant is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the main steam from the unit is used as the heat source for the superheater 4, evaporator 5, secondary feedwater preheater 2 and primary feedwater preheater 1, gradually heating the feedwater to form 1.8MPa, 248℃ industrial steam to be supplied to the petrochemical base. The nuclear energy steam supply system includes the primary feedwater preheater 1, the secondary feedwater preheater 2, the evaporator 3, the superheater 4, the primary feedwater pump 5, the secondary feedwater pump 6, the deaerator 7, and the desalted water tank 8, wherein the system deaerator 7 is arranged between the secondary preheater and the primary preheater. In normal operation, the industrial steam supplied to the petrochemical base is used as the heat source, and the feedwater after the primary feedwater preheater is deoxygenated according to Dalton's law of partial pressure.
[0003] According to traditional design experience, such as Figure 2 As shown, the non-condensable gas (mixed with a lot of steam) of the deaerator is discharged through the oxygen exhaust gate, causing system heat loss and desalted water loss. In the prior art, the exhaust gas of the deaerator is mixed with non-condensable gas and steam, and the non-condensable gas is difficult to separate from the steam.
[0004] After investigation, there are application cases of waste heat utilization of deaerator exhaust in China, but tubular heat exchangers are often used for waste heat recovery and utilization. The principle diagram is shown in Figure 3 . The traditional waste heat recovery case uses a tubular heat exchanger 9, so the overall system design cost is high and the system heat recovery efficiency is low. At the same time, the design does not take into account the large amount of steam mixed in the exhaust gas of the deaerator, and the steam condensate is not recycled. According to operating experience, this design cannot achieve the expansion effect on the exhaust steam due to the compact structure of the heat exchanger. The sudden cooling of steam can easily cause steam hammer phenomenon, resulting in pipeline vibration, and even cause the exhaust pipeline to break, making the deaerator unusable. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a turbulent mixing heat exchanger to solve the problem of being unable to recover the exhaust heat and water of the deaerator, improve the thermal efficiency of the system, and reduce the consumption of desalted water caused by the exhaust of the system.
[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:
[0007] A turbulent mixing heat exchanger comprises a shell, the top of which is connected to a discharge pipe and a cold source water inlet pipe, the bottom of which is connected to a heat exchanger condensate drainage pipe, and the side wall of which is connected to an oxygen removal exhaust pipe; the cold source water inlet pipe extends into a turbulence generator component interface 1 in the shell, and the oxygen removal exhaust pipe extends into a turbulence generator component interface 2 in the shell, which are arranged opposite to each other.
[0008] In some embodiments, the discharge pipe has a trumpet-shaped collecting component interface, which is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.
[0009] In some embodiments, a cold source water inlet pipe, a deoxygenation exhaust pipe and a heat exchanger condensate drainage pipe are provided, and the three pipes can be designed and installed according to the actual project.
[0010] In some embodiments, the cold source water inlet pipe is an L-shaped structure.
[0011] In some embodiments, the oxygen removal exhaust pipe is an L-shaped structure.
[0012] In some embodiments, an end of the heat exchanger condensate drainage pipe extends into the shell.
[0013] In some embodiments, the heat exchanger condensate drainage pipe is an L-shaped structure.
[0014] In some embodiments, the turbulence generator component interface 1 and the turbulence generator component interface 2 are arranged on the axis of the shell.
[0015] In some embodiments, the turbulent mixing heat exchanger also includes a turbulence generator component, which includes a turbulence generator main nozzle, a turbulence generator branch nozzle and a turbulence generator joint, and the turbulence generator branch nozzle is provided with a group of turbulence generator branch nozzle holes.
[0016] In some embodiments, the turbulence generator is provided with sub-nozzles, which can be provided with 1 to plural sub-nozzles and are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction.
[0017] In some embodiments, the number of the turbulence generator sub-nozzles is 3, and they are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction.
[0018] In some embodiments, the turbulence generator connector is connected to the pipe by threads or welding.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the turbulent mixing heat exchanger provided in this application has the following beneficial effects:
[0020] The turbulent mixing heat exchanger of the present application has a simple structure, so the cost is lower than that of a traditional tubular heat exchanger. At the same time, due to the simple shell structure, it can be adjusted according to the exhaust volume to achieve a capacity expansion effect.
[0021] Furthermore, the turbulent mixing heat exchanger system design adopts a countercurrent cooling direct contact heat exchange method, which is convenient for the recovery and utilization of steam in the exhaust gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the technical description.
[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a nuclear power plant nuclear energy steam supply system provided by prior art;
[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the discharge path of non-condensable gas from a deaerator provided by the prior art;
[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a deaerator waste heat utilization device provided by the prior art;
[0026] Figure 4 An example diagram of the application of a turbulent mixing heat exchanger provided for this application;
[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the turbulent mixing heat exchanger provided in this application;
[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the turbulence generator components provided in this application;
[0029] Figure 7 A top view of the turbulence generator components provided for this application;
[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the bell mouth collection component of the heat exchanger non-condensable gas provided in this application.
[0031] Description of reference numerals:
[0032] 1. Primary feed water preheater; 2. Secondary feed water preheater; 3. Evaporator; 4. Superheater; 5. Primary feed water pump; 6. Secondary feed water pump; 7. Deaerator; 8. Desalted water tank; 9. Tubular heat exchanger;
[0033] 10. Turbulent mixing heat exchanger; 11. Discharge pipe; 12. Collection component interface; 13. Cold source water inlet pipe; 14. Turbulence generator component interface 1; 15. Deoxygenation exhaust pipe; 16. Turbulence generator component interface 2; 17. Shell; 18. Heat exchanger condensate drainage pipe;
[0034] 19. Turbulence generator main nozzle; 20. Turbulence generator branch nozzle; 21. Turbulence generator branch nozzle small hole; 22. Turbulence generator joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0035] The following is further explained in detail through specific implementation methods.
[0036] like Figures 4 to 8 As shown, the present application provides a turbulent mixing heat exchanger 10, which improves heat exchange efficiency and realizes steam recovery.
[0037] Considering that countercurrent heating can achieve the maximum heat exchange effect, the turbulent mixing heat exchanger 10 is designed as a countercurrent heating form, that is, the deoxygenated exhaust gas flows in the opposite direction to the cold source water supply. At the same time, the deionized water sprayed by the turbulence generator and the deaerator exhaust are irregularly scattered in the heat exchanger to form turbulence to enhance heat exchange.
[0038] In order to recover the steam in the exhaust gas of the deaerator, the cold source of the turbulent mixing heat exchanger 10 is the desalted water at the outlet of the first-stage feed water pump.
[0039] In order to prevent the exhaust line pressure from oscillating due to the sudden cooling of the steam, the structure of the turbulent mixing heat exchanger 10 is simpler than that of the traditional heat exchanger 9, and the internal space of the heat exchanger is large, which can achieve the effect of capacity expansion.
[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, the heat exchanger cold source selects the outlet of the first-stage feed water pump, and the pipeline drain is sprayed into the heat exchanger shell through the flute-shaped pipeline swirl flow, and the steam is condensed by countercurrent cooling with the deaerator exhaust gas, and the condensed drain flows into the desalted water tank.
[0041] like Figure 5 As shown, the turbulent mixing heat exchanger 10 includes a discharge pipe 11 (a pipe for discharging non-condensable gas from the heat exchanger to the atmosphere), a collecting component interface 12 (a bell-mouth collecting component interface for non-condensable gas from the heat exchanger), a cold source water inlet pipe 13 (a cold source water inlet pipe of the turbulent mixing heat exchanger), a turbulence generator component interface 1 14, a deoxygenation exhaust pipe 15, a turbulence generator component interface 2 16, a shell 17, a heat exchanger condensate drainage pipe 18, and a turbulence generator component.
[0042] The turbulence generator component belongs to the turbulent mixing heat exchanger 10 and is installed in Figure 5 At the interfaces of turbulence generator component interface 1 14 and turbulence generator component interface 2 16.
[0043] Optionally, the cold source of the turbulent mixing heat exchanger is desalted water at the outlet of the first-stage feed water pump.
[0044] The shell 17 is a cylindrical structure as a whole. Since the shell 17 has a simple structure, it can be adjusted according to the exhaust volume to achieve a capacity expansion effect.
[0045] The top of the shell 17 is connected to the discharge pipe 11 and the cold source water inlet pipe 13. The connection between the discharge pipe 11 and the top of the shell 17 forms a collection component interface 12, which is a bell mouth collection component interface of the heat exchanger non-condensable gas, and the collection component interface 12 is used to collect non-condensable gas. The cold source water inlet pipe 13 extends from the top of the shell 17 into the shell 17, and the end of the cold source water inlet pipe 13 is a turbulence generator component interface 14, which is arranged inside the shell 17, and the turbulence generator component interface 14 is used to connect the turbulence generator to evenly distribute the desalted water in the heat exchanger.
[0046] The purpose of the discharge pipe 11 is to collect non-condensable gases and discharge them into the atmosphere.
[0047] The cold source water inlet pipe 13 is L-shaped as a whole, and the turbulence generator component interface 14 is arranged at the end of the L-shape.
[0048] The side wall of the shell 17 is connected to the oxygen removal exhaust pipe 15, which extends from the side wall of the shell 17 into the interior of the shell 17. The end of the oxygen removal exhaust pipe 15 is the turbulence generator component interface 2 16, and the turbulence generator component interface 2 16 is used to connect the turbulence generator to evenly distribute the deaerator exhaust gas in the heat exchanger.
[0049] The deoxygenation exhaust pipe 15 is L-shaped as a whole, and the turbulence generator component interface 2 16 is arranged at the end of the L-shape.
[0050] Preferably, the turbulence generator component interface 2 16 and the turbulence generator component interface 1 14 are arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction (in the axial direction of the shell 17).
[0051] Optionally, the oxygen removal exhaust pipe 15 is arranged, for example, at a position close to the bottom of the housing 17 .
[0052] The bottom of the shell 17 is connected to the heat exchanger condensate drainage pipe 18, which extends from the bottom of the shell 17 into the inside of the shell 17. The heat exchanger condensate drainage pipe 18 is L-shaped as a whole. The heat exchanger condensate drainage pipe 18 is used to drain the mixed water in the heat exchanger to the desalted water tank.
[0053] Preferably, the ends of the turbulence generator component interface 2 16 , the turbulence generator component interface 1 14 , and the heat exchanger condensate drainage pipe 18 are arranged on the same axis.
[0054] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the turbulence generator components include a turbulence generator main nozzle 19 , a turbulence generator branch nozzle 20 , a turbulence generator branch nozzle small hole 21 , and a turbulence generator joint 22 .
[0055] The main nozzle 19 of the turbulence generator is connected to the turbulence generator component interface 1 14 and the turbulence generator component interface 2 16. Its purpose is to serve as the main flow channel of desalted water (cold source water inlet pipeline) and deaerator exhaust (heat source water inlet pipeline). The branch nozzle is used to divide the water flow of the main flow channel into three parts (multiple branch nozzles can also be set). The main nozzle and the branch nozzle can adopt an integrated structure or a split welding form.
[0056] The main nozzle 19 of the turbulence generator is the main channel for spraying desalted water and deaerator exhaust. A group of turbulence generator sub-nozzle holes 21 are provided on the turbulence generator sub-nozzle 20. The group of turbulence generator sub-nozzle holes 21 are arranged linearly, and the spacing between each turbulence generator sub-nozzle hole 21 is the same. The turbulence generator sub-nozzle holes 21 are used to irregularly distribute the sprayed desalted water and deaerator exhaust in the heat exchanger, forming turbulence to enhance heat exchange, so that the steam in the deaerator exhaust is efficiently condensed and refluxed to the bottom of the heat exchanger.
[0057] The turbulence generator joint 22 can be connected to the connecting pipe (the turbulence generator component interface 2 16 and the turbulence generator component interface 1 14) by threading or welding.
[0058] Preferably, the number of the turbulence generator sub-nozzles 20 is 3, which are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, and the interval between each turbulence generator sub-nozzle 20 is 120°.
[0059] Preferably, the turbulence generator sub-nozzle small holes 21 are all arranged on the same side of the turbulence generator sub-nozzle 20 .
[0060] like Figure 8 As shown, the collecting component interface 12 of the bell-mouth collecting component of the heat exchanger non-condensable gas is in the shape of a trumpet as a whole, which is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.
[0061] The above description is only a specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A turbulent mixing heat exchanger, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell (17), the top of which is connected to a discharge pipe (11) and a cold source water inlet pipe (13), the bottom of which is connected to a heat exchanger condensate water discharge pipe (18), and the side wall of which is connected to a deoxygenation exhaust pipe (15); the cold source water inlet pipe (13) extends into a turbulence generator component interface 1 (14) in the shell (17), and the deoxygenation exhaust pipe (15) extends into a turbulence generator component interface 2 (16) in the shell (17), which are arranged opposite to each other.
2. The turbulent mixing heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge pipe (11) has a trumpet-shaped collecting component interface (12), and the collecting component interface (12) is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.
3. The turbulent mixing heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold source water inlet pipe (13) is an L-shaped structure.
4. The turbulent mixing heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygen removal exhaust pipe (15) is an L-shaped structure.
5. The turbulent mixing heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the heat exchanger condensate drainage pipe (18) extends into the shell (17).
6. The turbulent mixing heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat exchanger condensate drainage pipe (18) is an L-shaped structure.
7. The turbulent mixing heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turbulence generator component interface 1 (14) and the turbulence generator component interface 2 (16) are arranged on the axis of the housing (17).
8. The turbulent mixing heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a turbulence generator component, wherein the turbulence generator component comprises a turbulence generator main nozzle (19), a turbulence generator branch nozzle (20) and a turbulence generator joint (22), wherein the turbulence generator branch nozzle (20) is provided with a group of turbulence generator branch nozzle small holes (21).
9. The turbulent mixing heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that: The number of the turbulence generator sub-nozzles (20) is 3 and they are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction.
10. The turbulent mixing heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that: The turbulence generator joint (22) is connected to the pipe by thread or welding.