Preparation method and preparation equipment of composite conductor

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and preparation equipment of a composite conductor, and relates to the technical field of conductors. The preparation method of the composite conductor comprises the following steps: providing a conductor, wherein the conductor comprises metal fibers and a graphene layer combined on the surfaces of the metal fibers; the conductor is placed in flowing molten metal, and the length extension direction of the conductor is adjusted to be consistent with the flowing direction of the molten metal through flowing of the molten metal; and injecting the molten metal containing the conductor of which the length extension direction is adjusted to be consistent with the flowing direction of the molten metal into a mold to obtain the composite conductor. Metal fibers with graphene deposited on the surfaces are placed in flowing molten metal, irregularly-arranged conductors are regularly arranged in the process that the conductors flow along with the molten metal, the orientation of the conductors in the molten metal is consistent, the conductors are uniformly distributed, and therefore the high-quality and high-orientation composite conductor can be obtained. The graphene can fully play a role in improving the metal performance, and the electrical conductivity and the thermal conductivity of the metal are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of conductor technology, and in particular to a preparation method and preparation equipment for a composite conductor. Background Art

[0002] Graphene has excellent mechanical, electrical and thermal conductivity properties, such as a bandgap of almost zero, very high carrier mobility, and a large specific surface area. These properties enable graphene to significantly improve the electrical conductivity of metals (e.g., copper, copper alloys, etc.). At present, taking copper as an example, there are two main technical routes for combining copper with graphene:

[0003] The first method is to use a copper substrate as a base and use a Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) process to in-situ grow graphene on the surface of the copper substrate. The graphene obtained by this method is of high quality, and the graphene copper-based composite material can be directly processed later. However, if the copper substrate is a powder or a block, the graphene orientation is poor after processing and the performance is limited. If the copper substrate is a foil, the graphene orientation is good, but the processing difficulty and processing cost are high, the preparation efficiency is low, and it is not conducive to the industrialization of the process.

[0004] The second method is to add graphene as the second phase directly to the copper substrate, and then mix it with ultrasound, stirring, ball milling and other methods to obtain a graphene copper-based composite material. This method is highly efficient and low-cost through direct mixing, but graphene as the second phase material will agglomerate in the copper substrate, and the quality of graphene is difficult to reach the level of CVD vapor deposition process. The performance of graphene is poor, resulting in the inability to effectively improve the performance of graphene copper-based composite materials.

[0005] Therefore, how to prepare high-quality and highly oriented graphene metal-based composites at low cost needs further study. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present application provides a method and equipment for preparing a composite conductor, aiming to improve the problem that it is difficult to prepare graphene metal-based materials with high orientation and high conductivity at low cost in the prior art.

[0007] The embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows: a method for preparing a composite conductor includes: providing a conductor, the conductor including a metal fiber and a graphene layer bonded to a surface of the metal fiber;

[0008] Place the conductor in the flowing molten metal, and adjust the length of the conductor to the same direction as the flow of the molten metal.

[0009] The molten metal containing the conductor whose length extension direction is adjusted to coincide with the flow direction of the molten metal is injected into a mold to obtain a composite conductor.

[0010] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the metal fiber includes a solid metal fiber and / or a hollow metal fiber, and the hollow metal fiber includes a hollow metal fiber tube with two open ends and / or a hollow metal fiber tube with two sealed ends;

[0011] The material of the metal fiber is copper, copper-silver alloy, or silver; the molten metal is copper liquid, copper-silver alloy liquid, or silver liquid;

[0012] The number of graphene layers is 1 to 10.

[0013] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application,

[0014] The inner diameter of the hollow metal fiber is 0.05mm to 0.3mm, the outer diameter is 0.1mm to 0.5mm, and the length is 0.1mm to 30mm;

[0015] The diameter of the solid metal fiber is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, and the length is 0.1 mm to 30 mm.

[0016] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, along the flow direction of the molten metal, the flow zone of the molten metal includes upstream, mid-upstream, and midstream. The molten metal is injected from the upstream, and the conductor is added to the flowing molten metal from the mid-upstream. The length extension direction in the midstream is adjusted to be consistent with the flow direction of the molten metal.

[0017] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the flow direction of the molten metal in the middle and upper reaches is horizontal, and the conductor is added to the flowing molten metal from the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer in the vertical direction of the middle and upper reaches.

[0018] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the metal fiber includes a hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends and a hollow metal fiber tube open at both ends, and the mass ratio of the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends and the hollow metal fiber tube open at both ends that enter the flowing molten metal from the upper layer is (1.1~1.3):1; the mass ratio of the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends and the hollow metal fiber tube open at both ends that enter the flowing molten metal from the middle layer and / or the lower layer is (1.2~1.5):1.

[0019] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the flow velocity of the molten metal in the upstream and / or mid-upstream is 0.5 m / s to 2 m / s, and the flow velocity of the molten metal in the midstream is 0.1 m / s to 1 m / s;

[0020] The temperature in the upstream is 1100℃~1250℃, the temperature in the mid-upstream is 1000℃~1090℃, and the temperature in the midstream is 1080℃~1200℃.

[0021] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the flow area of ​​the molten metal further includes a midstream and a downstream, the extension direction of the midstream and the downstream is perpendicular to the extension direction of the midstream, and the extension direction of the downstream is perpendicular to the extension direction of the midstream and the downstream;

[0022] The flow rate of the molten metal in the middle and downstream is 0.01m / s~0.2m / s, and the flow rate of the molten metal in the downstream is 0.01m / s~0.05m / s;

[0023] The temperature in the middle and lower reaches is 1080℃~1150℃, and the temperature in the lower reaches is 1050℃~1100℃.

[0024] Correspondingly, an embodiment of the present application further provides a composite conductor preparation device, the preparation device comprising a driving device and a flow device, the driving device and the flow device are fixedly connected, and the driving device drives the molten metal to flow in the flow device.

[0025] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, along the flow direction of the molten metal, the flow device includes a liquid injection section, a feeding section and an adjustment section connected in sequence.

[0026] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the preparation equipment further includes a conductor adding chamber for storing the conductor, and the feeding section is connected to the conductor adding chamber.

[0027] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the conductor adding chamber includes a first conductor adding chamber, a second conductor adding chamber and a third conductor adding chamber, the feeding section is placed horizontally, the first conductor adding chamber is connected to the upper part of the feeding section along the vertical direction, the second conductor adding chamber is connected to the middle part of the feeding section along the vertical direction, and the third conductor adding chamber is connected to the bottom of the feeding section along the vertical direction.

[0028] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the inner wall of the adjusting section is provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion extends along the flow direction of the molten metal.

[0029] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the protrusion includes an arc segment connected to the inner wall of the adjustment segment and a first straight line segment connected to the arc segment; wherein, the center of the arc segment is located on the side close to the first straight line segment, the radius of the arc segment is 1 / 4 to 1 / 5 of the inner diameter of the adjustment segment, the first straight line segment is parallel to the axis of the adjustment segment, and the distance between the first straight line segment and the inner wall of the adjacent adjustment segment is 1 mm to 2 cm.

[0030] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the protrusion is a second straight line segment connected to the inner wall of the adjustment section, the angle between the second straight line segment and the axis of the adjustment section is 15° to 50°, and the distance between the endpoint of the second straight line segment away from the inner wall of the adjustment section and the inner wall of the adjustment section adjacent to it is 1 / 4 to 1 / 5 of the inner diameter of the adjustment section.

[0031] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the flow device also includes a first arc transition section, a homogenization section, a second arc transition section and a stabilization section, one end of the homogenization section is connected to the adjustment section through the first arc transition section, and the other end is connected to the stabilization section through the second arc transition section, an extension direction of the homogenization section is perpendicular to an extension direction of the adjustment section, and an extension direction of the stabilization section is parallel to an extension direction of the adjustment section.

[0032] The preparation method of the composite conductor provided in the present application is as follows: by placing metal fibers (i.e., conductors) with graphene deposited on the surface in flowing molten metal, the irregularly arranged conductors are regularly arranged in the process of the conductors flowing with the molten metal, and the length extension direction of the conductors tends to be consistent with the flow direction of the molten metal, so that the orientation of the conductors in the molten metal is consistent and evenly distributed, thereby obtaining a high-quality and highly oriented composite conductor, which is conducive to the graphene fully playing the role of improving the performance of the metal and improving the electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity of the metal. The preparation method has low production cost, simple processing operation, is applicable to metals of various shapes, and can be widely promoted and applied. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a composite conductor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a preparation device for a composite conductor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment section provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 4 It is another structural schematic diagram of the adjustment section provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement change of the conductor in the adjustment section provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement change of the conductor in the homogenization section provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Reference numerals:

[0041] 10-liquid injection section; 101-liquid injection port; 20-feeding section; 201-conductor adding chamber; 30-adjusting section; 301-protrusion; 302-first straight line section; 303-arc section; 304-second straight line section; 31-irregular conductor; 32-partial regular conductor; 33-regular conductor; 40-first arc transition section; 50-homogenizing section; 60-second arc transition section; 70-stabilizing section; 701-one-way exhaust valve; 80-piston; 90-pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific implementation methods described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.

[0043] In this application, unless otherwise stated, directional words such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower parts of the device in actual use or working state, specifically the drawing direction in the accompanying drawings; while "inner" and "outer" refer to the outline of the device. In addition, in the description of this application, the term "including" means "including but not limited to". The terms first, second, third, etc. are used only as labels and do not impose numerical requirements or establish an order.

[0044] In this application, "and / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural.

[0045] In the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "At least one", "at least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, "at least one of a, b or c", or "at least one of a, b and c" can all mean: a, b, c, ab (i.e. a and b), ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0046] Various embodiments of the present application may be presented in the form of a range; it should be understood that the description in the form of a range is only for convenience and brevity, and should not be understood as a rigid limitation on the scope of the present application; therefore, the range description should be considered to have specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and single numerical values ​​within the range. For example, the range description from 1 to 6 should be considered to have specifically disclosed sub-ranges, such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., as well as single numbers within the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, which apply regardless of the range. In addition, whenever a numerical range is indicated herein, it is meant to include any cited number (fractional or integer) within the indicated range.

[0047] The technical solution of this application is as follows:

[0048] First, as Figure 1 As shown, the present embodiment provides a method for preparing a composite conductor, comprising:

[0049] S11. Provide a conductor, wherein the conductor comprises a metal fiber and a graphene layer bonded to a surface of the metal fiber.

[0050] It can be understood that metal fiber refers to a fiber-shaped material with a high metal content, continuous distribution of metal materials, and a lateral size of micrometers. Metal fibers include pure metal fibers, that is, fibers made entirely of metal materials, such as fibers made of lead, copper, aluminum, stainless steel, etc. Among them, copper fibers have excellent electrical and thermal conductivity.

[0051] In some embodiments, the metal fiber may have a structure of one or more of a tube, a belt, or a sheet.

[0052] In some embodiments, the material of the metal fiber can be one or more of copper, copper-silver alloy, and silver.

[0053] In some embodiments, the metal fiber includes solid metal fiber and / or hollow metal fiber. The hollow metal fiber includes a hollow metal fiber tube with open ends and / or a hollow metal fiber tube with sealed ends. It can be understood that the hollow metal fiber tube with open ends is a structure with through holes at both ends of the metal fiber tube, and the molten metal can enter from the through hole at one end and flow out from the through hole at the other end; the hollow metal fiber tube with sealed ends is a structure with both ends of the metal fiber tube sealed and hollow inside.

[0054] Furthermore, the two ends of the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends are respectively provided with metal sealing layers to seal the through holes at both ends of the metal fiber tube. The material of the metal sealing layer is consistent with the metal in the metal fiber. For example, when the metal fiber is a hollow copper fiber tube sealed at both ends, the metal sealing layers at both ends of the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends are copper sealing layers.

[0055] In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the hollow metal fiber is 0.05 mm to 0.3 mm, for example, 0.06 mm to 0.28 mm, 0.08 mm to 0.26 mm, 0.1 mm to 0.24 mm, 0.12 mm to 0.22 mm, 0.15 mm to 0.2 mm, etc. The outer diameter of the hollow metal fiber is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, for example, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, etc. The length of the hollow metal fiber is 0.1 mm to 30 mm, for example, 1 mm to 28 mm, 2 mm to 25 mm, 5 mm to 22 mm, 8 mm to 20 mm, 10 mm to 15 mm, etc.

[0056] In some embodiments, the diameter of the solid metal fiber is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, for example, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, etc. The length of the solid metal fiber is 0.1 mm to 30 mm, for example, 1 mm to 28 mm, 2 mm to 25 mm, 5 mm to 22 mm, 8 mm to 20 mm, 10 mm to 15 mm, etc.

[0057] In some embodiments, the graphene layer is 1 to 10 layers, for example, 2 to 9 layers, 3 to 8 layers, 4 to 7 layers, 5 to 6 layers, etc. Further, the thickness of a single graphene layer can be 0.334 nm. In other words, the thickness of the graphene layer can be 0.334 nm to 3.34 nm.

[0058] It should be noted that, for solid metal fibers, the surface of the solid metal fibers may have 1 to 10 graphene layers; for hollow metal fibers, the outer surface and the inner surface of the hollow metal fibers may have 1 to 10 graphene layers respectively.

[0059] In some embodiments, the graphene layer is deposited on the surface of the metal fiber by vapor deposition.

[0060] In some embodiments, the method for preparing the composite conductor further comprises:

[0061] S12, placing the conductor in the flowing molten metal, adjusting the length extension direction of the conductor to be consistent with the flow direction of the molten metal through the flow of the molten metal, injecting the molten metal and the conductor with the adjusted length extension direction into the mold to obtain a composite conductor.

[0062] It should be noted that the metal fibers in the molten metal have irregular orientations and inconsistent length extension directions. The length directions of some metal fibers are at angles to the flow direction of the molten metal, presenting an irregular arrangement. After regular arrangement, the orientation of the metal fibers can be controlled to be consistent, so that the length extension direction of the metal fibers is consistent with the flow direction of the molten metal, and the metal fibers are evenly distributed in the molten metal.

[0063] In some embodiments, the molten metal is copper liquid, copper-silver alloy liquid, or silver liquid.

[0064] The preparation method of the composite conductor provided in the present application is as follows: by placing metal fibers (i.e., conductors) with graphene deposited on the surface in flowing molten metal, the irregularly arranged conductors are regularly arranged in the process of the conductors flowing with the molten metal, and the length extension direction of the conductors tends to be consistent with the flow direction of the molten metal, so that the orientation of the conductors in the molten metal is consistent and evenly distributed, thereby obtaining a high-quality and highly oriented composite conductor, which is conducive to the graphene fully playing the role of improving the performance of the metal and improving the electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity of the metal. The preparation method has low production cost, simple processing operation, is applicable to metals of various shapes, and can be widely promoted and applied.

[0065] In some embodiments, along the flow direction of the molten metal, the flow zone of the molten metal includes upstream, mid-upstream, and midstream. The molten metal is injected from the upstream, and the conductor is added to the flowing molten metal from the mid-upstream. The length extension direction in the midstream is adjusted to be consistent with the flow direction of the molten metal.

[0066] In some embodiments, before injecting the molten metal from upstream, the method further includes performing a vacuum treatment on the flow area of ​​the molten metal.

[0067] In some embodiments, the flow direction of the molten metal in the middle and upper reaches is horizontal, and the conductors are added to the flowing molten metal from the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer in the vertical direction of the middle and upper reaches.

[0068] Furthermore, from top to bottom in the vertical direction, the uppermost end to 1 / 3 of the vertical height of the molten metal is the upper layer, the 1 / 3 of the vertical height to 2 / 3 of the vertical height is the middle layer, and the 2 / 3 of the numerical height to the lowest end is the lower layer.

[0069] Furthermore, the metal fiber includes a hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends and a hollow metal fiber tube open at both ends, and the mass ratio of the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends and the hollow metal fiber tube open at both ends entering the flowing molten metal from the upper layer is (1.1-1.3): 1. The mass ratio of the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends and the hollow metal fiber tube open at both ends entering the flowing molten metal from the middle layer is (1.2-1.5): 1. The mass ratio of the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends and the hollow metal fiber tube open at both ends entering the flowing molten metal from the lower layer is (1.2-1.5): 1.

[0070] It should be noted that the density of the solid metal fiber and the hollow metal fiber tube with open ends is close to the density of the molten metal. After entering from the middle and upstream, they stay at the position where they enter the flowing molten metal in the vertical direction. The movement in the vertical direction is small, and the displacement mainly occurs along the flow direction of the molten metal. The density of the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends is lower than the density of the molten metal. Therefore, the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends will move upward in the vertical direction, and the metal sealing layers on both sides of the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends will melt. After melting, the molten metal enters the interior of the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends. After the metal sealing layer melts, the density of the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends is close to the density of the molten metal, and it stays at the melted position of the metal sealing layer to ensure uniform distribution of the conductor in the vertical direction. It should be further explained that the density of the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends is lower than the density of the molten metal. The hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends will move faster in the direction of the molten metal flow than the solid metal fiber and the hollow metal fiber tube open at both ends, thereby making the conductors evenly distributed in the horizontal direction.

[0071] In some embodiments, the sum of the lengths of the upstream and mid-upstream is 20 cm to 50 cm, for example, 25 cm to 48 cm, 28 cm to 45 cm, 30 cm to 42 cm, 32 cm to 40 cm, 35 cm to 38 cm, etc.

[0072] In some embodiments, the flow rate of the molten metal in the upstream and / or mid-upstream is 0.5 m / s to 2 m / s, for example, 0.6 m / s to 1.9 m / s, 0.8 m / s to 1.8 m / s, 0.9 m / s to 1.6 m / s, 1 m / s to 1.5 m / s, 1.1 m / s to 1.2 m / s, etc. It should be noted that in the upstream and / or mid-upstream, the flow mode of the molten metal is turbulent.

[0073] In some embodiments, the upstream temperature is 1100°C to 1250°C, for example, 1110°C to 1230°C, 1120°C to 1220°C, 1140°C to 1210°C, 1150°C to 1200°C, 1160°C to 1180°C, etc.

[0074] In some embodiments, the temperature of the midstream and upstream is 1000°C to 1090°C, for example, it can be 1010°C to 1080°C, 1020°C to 1070°C, 1030°C to 1060°C, 1040°C to 1050°C, etc.

[0075] In some embodiments, the length of the midstream is 50 cm to 100 cm, for example, 55 cm to 95 cm, 60 cm to 90 cm, 65 cm to 85 cm, 70 cm to 80 cm, etc. It can be understood that when the conductor is just added to the flowing molten metal, the length direction of some conductors will have an angle with the flow direction of the molten metal, presenting an irregular arrangement state. The irregularly arranged conductors can be regularly arranged in the midstream so that their length directions are along the flow direction of the molten metal.

[0076] In some embodiments, the flow rate of the molten metal in the midstream is 0.1 m / s to 1 m / s, for example, 0.2 m / s to 0.9 m / s, 0.3 m / s to 0.8 m / s, 0.4 m / s to 0.7 m / s, 0.5 m / s to 0.6 m / s, etc. It should be noted that in the midstream, the flow mode of the molten metal is laminar flow.

[0077] In some embodiments, the temperature of the midstream is 1080°C to 1200°C, for example, it can be 1090°C to 1190°C, 1100°C to 1180°C, 1120°C to 1170°C, 1130°C to 1160°C, 1140°C to 1150°C, etc.

[0078] In some embodiments, the method for preparing the composite conductor further comprises:

[0079] S13, injecting the molten metal containing the conductor whose length extension direction is adjusted to be consistent with the flow direction of the molten metal into the mold to obtain a composite conductor.

[0080] In some embodiments, the flow area of ​​the molten metal further includes a midstream and a downstream, wherein the extending direction of the midstream is perpendicular to the extending direction of the midstream, and the extending direction of the downstream is perpendicular to the extending direction of the midstream and the downstream.

[0081] In some embodiments, the flow rate of the molten metal in the middle and downstream is 0.01m / s to 0.2m / s, for example, 0.02m / s to 0.18m / s, 0.03m / s to 0.16m / s, 0.04m / s to 0.15m / s, 0.05m / s to 0.12m / s, 0.08m / s to 0.1m / s, etc. It should be noted that in the middle and downstream, the flow mode of the molten metal is laminar flow.

[0082] In some embodiments, the temperature of the middle and downstream is 1080°C to 1150°C, for example, 1090°C to 1140°C, 1100°C to 1130°C, 1110°C to 1120°C, etc.

[0083] In some embodiments, the flow rate of the molten metal in the downstream is 0.01 m / s to 0.05 m / s, for example, 0.02 m / s, 0.03 m / s, 0.04 m / s, etc. It should be noted that in the downstream, the flow mode of the molten metal is laminar flow.

[0084] In some embodiments, the downstream temperature is 1050°C to 1100°C, for example, 1060°C, 1070°C, 1080°C, 1090°C, etc.

[0085] It can be understood that after passing through the downstream, the molten metal and the conductor with the length extension direction adjusted are injected into the mold together, and the composite conductor is obtained after cooling.

[0086] Second, see Figure 2 An embodiment of the present application also provides a composite conductor preparation device for implementing the above-mentioned composite conductor preparation method. The preparation device includes a driving device and a flow device. The driving device and the flow device are fixedly connected. The driving device drives the molten metal to flow in the flow device.

[0087] In at least one embodiment, the flow device is a pipe.

[0088] Further, the outer diameter of the pipe is 2 cm to 10 cm, for example, 3 cm to 9 cm, 4 cm to 8 cm, 5 cm to 7 cm, 6 cm to 6.5 cm, etc. The inner diameter of the pipe is 5 mm to 8 cm, for example, 6 mm to 7 cm, 8 mm to 6 cm, 10 mm to 5 cm, 1 cm to 4 cm, 2 cm to 3 cm, etc.

[0089] In some embodiments, along the flow direction of the molten metal, the flow device includes a liquid injection section 10, a feeding section 20 and an adjustment section 30 connected in sequence. The preparation equipment also includes a conductor adding chamber 201 for storing the conductor, and the feeding section 20 is connected to the conductor adding chamber 201. Further, placing the conductor in the flowing molten metal includes: connecting the conductor adding chamber 201 and the feeding section 20 so that the conductor enters the flowing molten metal. It can be understood that when the conductor just enters the flow device, the length direction of some conductors will have an angle with the flow direction of the molten metal, presenting an irregular arrangement state, and the adjustment section 30 can regularly arrange the irregularly arranged conductors so that their length direction is along the flow direction of the liquid.

[0090] In some embodiments, the feeding section 20 is placed horizontally, and the feeding section 20 can be divided into an upper part, a middle part and a bottom part along the vertical direction. Furthermore, from the top to the bottom of the feeding section 20 along the vertical direction, the upper part is from the top end to 1 / 3 of the inner diameter of the feeding section 20, the middle part is from 1 / 3 of the inner diameter to 2 / 3 of the inner diameter, and the bottom part is from 2 / 3 of the inner diameter to the bottom end.

[0091] In some embodiments, the conductor adding chamber 201 includes a first conductor adding chamber connected to an upper portion of the feeding section 20 in a vertical direction.

[0092] In some embodiments, the conductor adding chamber 201 includes a second conductor adding chamber connected to the middle of the feeding section 20 in the vertical direction.

[0093] In some embodiments, the conductor adding chamber 201 includes a third conductor adding chamber connected to the bottom of the feeding section 20 in the vertical direction.

[0094] In at least one embodiment, the conductor adding chamber 201 includes a first conductor adding chamber, a second conductor adding chamber, and a third conductor adding chamber. The first conductor adding chamber is connected to the upper part of the feeding section 20 in the vertical direction, the second conductor adding chamber is connected to the middle part of the feeding section 20 in the vertical direction, and the third conductor adding chamber is connected to the bottom part of the feeding section 20 in the vertical direction. By respectively arranging the conductor adding chambers 201 at the upper part, the middle part, and the bottom part of the feeding section 20 in the vertical direction, it is beneficial for the conductor to be evenly distributed in the metal melt in the vertical direction.

[0095] It can be understood that in other embodiments, the conductor adding chamber 201 may also include a fourth conductor adding chamber, a fifth conductor adding chamber, etc. The fourth conductor adding chamber, the fifth conductor adding chamber, etc. may be disposed at any position of the feeding section 20 .

[0096] It should be noted that the density of the solid metal fiber and the hollow metal fiber tube with open ends is close to the density of the molten metal. After entering from the conductor adding chamber 201, they stay in the vertical direction at the position where the conductor adding chamber 201 is connected to the feeding section 20. The movement in the vertical direction is small, and the displacement mainly occurs along the flow direction of the molten metal. The density of the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends is lower than the density of the molten metal. Therefore, the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends will move upward in the vertical direction, and the metal sealing layers on both sides of the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends will melt. After melting, the molten metal enters the interior of the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends. After the metal sealing layer melts, the density of the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends is close to the density of the molten metal, and stays at the melting point of the metal sealing layer to ensure uniform distribution of the conductor in the vertical direction. It should be further explained that the density of the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends is lower than the density of the molten metal. The hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends will move faster in the direction of the molten metal flow than the solid metal fiber and the hollow metal fiber tube open at both ends, thereby making the conductors evenly distributed in the horizontal direction.

[0097] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the adjustment section 30 is provided with a protrusion 301, and the protrusion 301 extends along the flow direction of the molten metal. It can be understood that the protrusion 301 can be used to adjust the length extension direction of the conductor to be consistent with the flow direction of the molten metal in the adjustment section 30. It should be noted that the protrusion 301 can be provided on the inner wall of the adjustment section 30.

[0098] See also Figure 3 In some embodiments, the protrusion 301 includes an arc segment 303 connected to the inner wall of the adjustment segment 30 and a first straight segment 302 connected to the arc segment 303. The center of the arc segment 303 is located on a side close to the first straight segment 302, and the first straight segment 302 is parallel to the axis of the adjustment segment 30. In other words, the length direction of the straight segment is parallel to the flow direction of the molten metal.

[0099] Furthermore, the radius of the arc segment 303 is 1 / 4 to 1 / 5 of the inner diameter of the adjustment segment. The distance between the first straight segment 302 and the inner wall of the adjacent adjustment segment 30 is 1 mm to 2 cm, for example, 2 mm to 1.2 cm, 5 mm to 1.4 cm, 8 mm to 1.5 cm, 10 mm to 1.6 cm, 1 cm to 1.8 cm, etc.

[0100] See also Figure 4 In other embodiments, the protrusion 301 is a second straight segment 304 connected to the inner wall of the adjustment segment 30. Further, the angle between the second straight segment 304 and the axis of the adjustment segment is 15° to 50°, for example, 18° to 48°, 20° to 45°, 22° to 42°, 25° to 40°, 28° to 30°, etc. The distance between the end point of the second straight segment 304 away from the inner wall of the adjustment segment 30 and the inner wall of the adjustment segment 30 adjacent thereto is 1 / 4 to 1 / 5 of the inner diameter of the adjustment segment 30.

[0101] See also Figure 5 It can be understood that when the conductor of the feeding section 20 first enters the flow device, it will be irregularly and non-orientedly distributed to form an irregular conductor 31. Under the push of the molten metal, it enters the adjustment section 30 along the flow direction of the molten metal. In the adjustment section 30, after the adjustment of the protrusion 301 structure, the irregular conductor will begin to be arranged in an orderly manner, and the length extension direction of the conductor will tend to be consistent with the flow direction of the molten metal, from irregular distribution to partially regular distribution, forming a partially regular conductor 32, and then all the conductors are regularly distributed to form a regular conductor 33.

[0102] See also Figure 6 In some embodiments, the flow device further includes a first arc transition section 40 and a homogenizing section 50 , one end of the homogenizing section 50 is connected to the adjusting section 30 through the first arc transition section 40 , and an extension direction of the homogenizing section 50 is perpendicular to an extension direction of the adjusting section 30 .

[0103] In some embodiments, the flow device further includes a second arc transition section 60 and a stabilizing section 70 , the other end of the homogenizing section 50 is connected to the stabilizing section 70 through the second arc transition section 60 , and the extension direction of the stabilizing section 70 is parallel to the extension direction of the adjusting section 30 .

[0104] In some embodiments, the flow device is further provided with a one-way exhaust valve 701. It is understood that the one-way exhaust valve 701 can be provided in the stabilizing section 70. Since the two sides of the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends are sealed with metal sealing layers, when the metal sealing layers are melted, some gas will be introduced into the molten metal, and the gas can be discharged by providing the one-way exhaust valve 701.

[0105] In some embodiments, the driving device includes a piston 80 and a pump 90. The piston is disposed at one end of the injection section 10 away from the feeding section 20. The other end of the piston 80 is connected to the pump 90. The pump 90 pushes the piston 80 to promote the flow of the molten metal.

[0106] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a composite conductor, which is prepared by the above preparation method.

[0107] The present application is described in detail below through specific embodiments. The following embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application and are not limitations of the present application.

[0108] Example 1

[0109] This embodiment provides a composite conductor, and the preparation method thereof is as follows:

[0110] A hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is provided, wherein the inner diameter of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is 0.1 mm, the outer diameter is 0.3 mm, the length of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is 10 mm, and 4 graphene layers are deposited on the inner tube wall and the outer tube wall of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends to obtain a hollow copper fiber conductor with open ends. A portion of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is taken, and the two ends are sealed with a copper sealing layer to obtain a hollow copper fiber conductor with sealed ends.

[0111] A pipeline is provided, which includes a liquid injection section, a feeding section, an adjustment section, a homogenization section (vertically upward) vertical to the adjustment section, and a stabilization section vertical to the homogenization section. After the pipeline is evacuated, the copper liquid is injected into the pipeline at a flow rate of 0.8 m / s. The temperature of the injection section is 1200°C, the temperature of the feeding section is 1100°C, the flow rate of the copper liquid in the feeding section is 0.8 m / s, and the feeding section has an upper conductor adding chamber at 1 / 3 of the vertical direction from top to bottom, a middle conductor adding chamber at 1 / 2 of the vertical direction and a bottom conductor adding chamber at the bottom. A hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends and a hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends are added to the feeding section. The mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added at the top and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.1:1; the mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added in the middle and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.3:1; the mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added at the bottom and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.4:1.

[0112] Entering the adjustment section, the temperature of the adjustment section is 1130℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the adjustment section is 0.05m / s. A protrusion is provided on the pipe wall of the adjustment section, and the protrusion includes an arc section connected to the pipe wall of the adjustment section and a straight section connected to the arc section. The radius of the arc section is one-fifth of the inner diameter of the pipe. The straight section extends along the flow direction of the copper liquid, and the straight section is parallel to the flow direction of the copper liquid. The distance between the straight section and the pipe wall of the adjustment section is 5mm. The copper sealed hollow conductor and the copper open hollow conductor then enter the homogenization section, the flow direction of the copper liquid is vertically upward, the homogenization section and the adjustment section are provided with an arc transition section, the temperature of the homogenization section is 1085℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the homogenization section is 0.1m / s. The copper liquid and the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends then enter the stabilization section, the temperature of the stabilization section is 1070℃, the flow rate of the copper liquid in the stabilization section is 0.03m / s, and then injected into the mold, and the composite conductor is obtained after cooling.

[0113] Example 2

[0114] This embodiment provides a composite conductor, and the preparation method thereof is as follows:

[0115] A hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is provided, wherein the inner diameter of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is 0.2 mm, the outer diameter is 0.5 mm, the length of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is 150 mm, and 4 graphene layers are deposited on the inner tube wall and the outer tube wall of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends to obtain a hollow copper fiber conductor with open ends. A portion of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is taken, and the two ends are sealed with a copper sealing layer to obtain a hollow copper fiber conductor with sealed ends.

[0116] A pipeline is provided, which includes a liquid injection section, a feeding section, an adjustment section, a homogenization section (vertically upward) vertical to the adjustment section, and a stabilization section vertical to the homogenization section. After the pipeline is evacuated, the copper liquid is injected into the pipeline at a flow rate of 0.8 m / s. The temperature of the injection section is 1200°C, the temperature of the feeding section is 1100°C, the flow rate of the copper liquid in the feeding section is 0.8 m / s, and the feeding section has an upper conductor adding chamber at 1 / 3 of the vertical direction from top to bottom, a middle conductor adding chamber at 1 / 2 of the vertical direction and a bottom conductor adding chamber at the bottom. A hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends and a hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends are added to the feeding section. The mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added at the top and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.1:1; the mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added in the middle and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.3:1; the mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added at the bottom and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.4:1.

[0117] Entering the adjustment section, the temperature of the adjustment section is 1130℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the adjustment section is 0.05m / s. A protrusion is provided on the pipe wall of the adjustment section, and the protrusion of the adjustment section is a straight section connected to the side wall of the adjustment section. The angle between the straight section and the flow direction of the copper liquid is 15°, and the distance between the end point of the straight section connected to the side wall of the adjustment section and the side wall of the adjustment section is 1cm. The copper sealed hollow conductor and the copper open hollow conductor then enter the homogenization section, and the flow direction of the copper liquid is vertically upward. The homogenization section and the adjustment section are provided with an arc transition section. The temperature of the homogenization section is 1085℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the homogenization section is 0.1m / s. The copper liquid and the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends then enter the stabilization section, the temperature of the stabilization section is 1070℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the stabilization section is 0.03m / s, and then injected into the mold, and the composite conductor is obtained after cooling.

[0118] Example 3

[0119] This embodiment provides a composite conductor, and the preparation method thereof is as follows:

[0120] A solid copper fiber is provided, wherein the inner diameter of the solid copper fiber is 0.2 mm, the outer diameter is 0.4 mm, the length of the solid copper fiber is 25 mm, and 4 graphene layers are deposited on the inner tube wall and the outer tube wall of the solid copper fiber to obtain a hollow copper fiber conductor with open ends. A portion of the solid copper fiber is taken, and the two ends are sealed with a copper sealing layer to obtain a hollow copper fiber conductor with sealed ends.

[0121] A pipeline is provided, which includes a liquid injection section, a feeding section, an adjustment section, a homogenization section (vertically upward) vertical to the adjustment section, and a stabilization section vertical to the homogenization section. After the pipeline is evacuated, the copper liquid is injected into the pipeline at a flow rate of 0.8 m / s. The temperature of the injection section is 1200°C, the temperature of the feeding section is 1100°C, the flow rate of the copper liquid in the feeding section is 0.8 m / s, and the feeding section has an upper conductor adding chamber at 1 / 3 of the vertical direction from top to bottom, a middle conductor adding chamber at 1 / 2 of the vertical direction and a bottom conductor adding chamber at the bottom. A hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends and a hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends are added to the feeding section. The mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added at the top and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.1:1; the mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added in the middle and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.3:1; the mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added at the bottom and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.4:1.

[0122] Entering the adjustment section, the temperature of the adjustment section is 1130℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the adjustment section is 0.05m / s. A protrusion is provided on the pipe wall of the adjustment section, and the protrusion includes an arc section connected to the pipe wall of the adjustment section and a straight section connected to the arc section. The radius of the arc section is one-fifth of the inner diameter of the pipe. The straight section extends along the flow direction of the copper liquid, and the straight section is parallel to the flow direction of the copper liquid. The distance between the straight section and the pipe wall of the adjustment section is 1.5cm. The copper sealed hollow conductor and the copper open hollow conductor then enter the homogenization section, and the flow direction of the copper liquid is vertically upward. The homogenization section and the adjustment section are provided with an arc transition section. The temperature of the homogenization section is 1085℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the homogenization section is 0.1m / s. The copper liquid and the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends then enter the stable section, the temperature of the stable section is 1070℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the stable section is 0.03m / s, and then injected into the mold, and the composite conductor is obtained after cooling.

[0123] Example 4

[0124] This embodiment provides a composite conductor, and the preparation method thereof is as follows:

[0125] A silver sheet is provided, wherein the inner diameter of the silver sheet is 0.1 mm, the outer diameter is 0.3 mm, and the length of the silver sheet is 10 mm. Four graphene layers are deposited on the inner tube wall and the outer tube wall of the silver sheet to obtain a hollow copper fiber conductor with open ends. A portion of the silver sheet is taken, and the two ends are sealed with a copper sealing layer to obtain a hollow copper fiber conductor with sealed ends.

[0126] A pipeline is provided, which includes a liquid injection section, a feeding section, an adjustment section, a homogenization section (vertically upward) vertical to the adjustment section, and a stabilization section vertical to the homogenization section. After the pipeline is evacuated, the copper liquid is injected into the pipeline at a flow rate of 0.8 m / s. The temperature of the injection section is 1200°C, the temperature of the feeding section is 1100°C, the flow rate of the copper liquid in the feeding section is 0.8 m / s, and the feeding section has an upper conductor adding chamber at 1 / 3 of the vertical direction from top to bottom, a middle conductor adding chamber at 1 / 2 of the vertical direction and a bottom conductor adding chamber at the bottom. A hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends and a hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends are added to the feeding section. The mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added at the top and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.1:1; the mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added in the middle and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.3:1; the mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added at the bottom and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.4:1.

[0127] Entering the adjustment section, the temperature of the adjustment section is 1130℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the adjustment section is 0.05m / s. A protrusion is provided on the pipe wall of the adjustment section, and the protrusion includes an arc section connected to the pipe wall of the adjustment section and a straight section connected to the arc section. The radius of the arc section is one-fifth of the inner diameter of the pipe. The straight section extends along the flow direction of the copper liquid, and the straight section is parallel to the flow direction of the copper liquid. The distance between the straight section and the pipe wall of the adjustment section is 20mm. The copper sealed hollow conductor and the copper open hollow conductor then enter the homogenization section, the flow direction of the copper liquid is vertically upward, the homogenization section and the adjustment section are provided with an arc transition section, the temperature of the homogenization section is 1085℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the homogenization section is 0.1m / s. The copper liquid and the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends then enter the stabilization section, the temperature of the stabilization section is 1070℃, the flow rate of the copper liquid in the stabilization section is 0.03m / s, and then injected into the mold, and the composite conductor is obtained after cooling.

[0128] Example 5

[0129] This embodiment provides a composite conductor, and the preparation method thereof is as follows:

[0130] A hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is provided, wherein the inner diameter of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is 0.1 mm, the outer diameter is 0.3 mm, the length of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is 10 mm, and 4 graphene layers are deposited on the inner tube wall and the outer tube wall of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends to obtain a hollow copper fiber conductor with open ends. A portion of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is taken, and the two ends are sealed with a copper sealing layer to obtain a hollow copper fiber conductor with sealed ends.

[0131] A pipeline is provided, which includes a liquid injection section, a feeding section, an adjustment section, a homogenization section (vertically upward) vertical to the adjustment section, and a stabilization section vertical to the homogenization section. After the pipeline is evacuated, the copper liquid is injected into the pipeline at a flow rate of 0.8 m / s. The temperature of the injection section is 1200°C, the temperature of the feeding section is 1100°C, the flow rate of the copper liquid in the feeding section is 0.8 m / s, and the feeding section has an upper conductor adding chamber at 1 / 3 of the vertical direction from top to bottom, a middle conductor adding chamber at 1 / 2 of the vertical direction and a bottom conductor adding chamber at the bottom. A hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends and a hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends are added to the feeding section. The mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added at the top and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.1:1; the mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added in the middle and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.3:1; the mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added at the bottom and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.4:1.

[0132] Entering the adjustment section, the temperature of the adjustment section is 1080℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the adjustment section is 0.05m / s. A protrusion is provided on the pipe wall of the adjustment section, and the protrusion includes an arc section connected to the pipe wall of the adjustment section and a straight section connected to the arc section. The radius of the arc section is one-fifth of the inner diameter of the pipe. The straight section extends along the flow direction of the copper liquid, and the straight section is parallel to the flow direction of the copper liquid. The distance between the straight section and the pipe wall of the adjustment section is 50mm. The copper sealed hollow conductor and the copper open hollow conductor then enter the homogenization section, the flow direction of the copper liquid is vertically upward, the homogenization section and the adjustment section are provided with an arc transition section, the temperature of the homogenization section is 1085℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the homogenization section is 0.1m / s. The copper liquid and the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends then enter the stabilization section, the temperature of the stabilization section is 1070℃, the flow rate of the copper liquid in the stabilization section is 0.03m / s, and then injected into the mold, and the composite conductor is obtained after cooling.

[0133] Example 6

[0134] This embodiment provides a composite conductor, and the preparation method thereof is as follows:

[0135] A hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is provided, wherein the inner diameter of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is 0.1 mm, the outer diameter is 0.3 mm, the length of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is 10 mm, and 4 graphene layers are deposited on the inner tube wall and the outer tube wall of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends to obtain a hollow copper fiber conductor with open ends. A portion of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is taken, and the two ends are sealed with a copper sealing layer to obtain a hollow copper fiber conductor with sealed ends.

[0136] A pipeline is provided, which includes a liquid injection section, a feeding section, an adjustment section, a homogenization section (vertically upward) vertical to the adjustment section, and a stabilization section vertical to the homogenization section. After the pipeline is evacuated, the copper liquid is injected into the pipeline at a flow rate of 0.8 m / s. The temperature of the injection section is 1200°C, the temperature of the feeding section is 1100°C, the flow rate of the copper liquid in the feeding section is 0.8 m / s, and the feeding section has an upper conductor adding chamber at 1 / 3 of the vertical direction from top to bottom, a middle conductor adding chamber at 1 / 2 of the vertical direction and a bottom conductor adding chamber at the bottom. A hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends and a hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends are added to the feeding section. The mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added at the top and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.1:1; the mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added in the middle and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.3:1; the mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added at the bottom and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.4:1.

[0137] Entering the adjustment section, the temperature of the adjustment section is 1200℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the adjustment section is 0.05m / s. A protrusion is provided on the pipe wall of the adjustment section, and the protrusion includes an arc section connected to the pipe wall of the adjustment section and a straight section connected to the arc section. The radius of the arc section is one-fifth of the inner diameter of the pipe. The straight section extends along the flow direction of the copper liquid, and the straight section is parallel to the flow direction of the copper liquid. The distance between the straight section and the pipe wall of the adjustment section is 80mm. The copper sealed hollow conductor and the copper open hollow conductor then enter the homogenization section, the flow direction of the copper liquid is vertically upward, the homogenization section and the adjustment section are provided with an arc transition section, the temperature of the homogenization section is 1085℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the homogenization section is 0.1m / s. The copper liquid and the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends then enter the stabilization section, the temperature of the stabilization section is 1070℃, the flow rate of the copper liquid in the stabilization section is 0.03m / s, and then injected into the mold, and the composite conductor is obtained after cooling.

[0138] Example 7

[0139] This embodiment provides a composite conductor, and the preparation method thereof is as follows:

[0140] A hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is provided, wherein the inner diameter of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is 0.1 mm, the outer diameter is 0.3 mm, the length of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is 10 mm, and 4 layers of graphene are deposited on the inner tube wall and the outer tube wall of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends to obtain a hollow copper fiber conductor with open ends. A portion of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is taken, and the two ends are sealed with a copper sealing layer to obtain a hollow copper fiber conductor with sealed ends; a solid copper fiber tube is provided, wherein the diameter of the solid copper fiber tube is 0.3 mm, the length is 10 mm, and 5 layers of graphene are deposited on the surface of the solid copper fiber tube.

[0141] A pipeline is provided, which includes a liquid injection section, a feeding section, an adjustment section, a homogenization section (vertically upward) vertical to the adjustment section, and a stabilization section vertical to the homogenization section. After the pipeline is evacuated, the copper liquid is injected into the pipeline at a flow rate of 0.8 m / s. The temperature of the injection section is 1200°C, the temperature of the feeding section is 1100°C, the flow rate of the copper liquid in the feeding section is 0.8 m / s, and the feeding section has an upper conductor adding chamber at 1 / 3 of the vertical direction from top to bottom, a middle conductor adding chamber at 1 / 2 of the vertical direction and a bottom conductor adding chamber at the bottom. Hollow copper fiber conductors sealed at both ends, hollow copper fiber conductors open at both ends and solid copper fiber tubes are added to the feeding section. The mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductors sealed at both ends and the hollow copper fiber conductors open at both ends added at the top is 1.1:1; the mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductors sealed at both ends, the hollow copper fiber conductors open at both ends and the solid copper fiber tubes added in the middle is 1.3:1:1; the mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductors sealed at both ends and the hollow copper fiber conductors open at both ends added at the bottom is 1.4:1.

[0142] Entering the adjustment section, the temperature of the adjustment section is 1130℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the adjustment section is 0.05m / s. A protrusion is provided on the pipe wall of the adjustment section, and the protrusion includes an arc section connected to the pipe wall of the adjustment section and a straight section connected to the arc section. The radius of the arc section is one-fifth of the inner diameter of the pipe. The straight section extends along the flow direction of the copper liquid, and the straight section is parallel to the flow direction of the copper liquid. The distance between the straight section and the pipe wall of the adjustment section is 1.2cm. The copper sealed hollow conductor and the copper open hollow conductor then enter the homogenization section, and the flow direction of the copper liquid is vertically upward. The homogenization section and the adjustment section are provided with an arc transition section. The temperature of the homogenization section is 1085℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the homogenization section is 0.1m / s. The copper liquid and the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends then enter the stable section, the temperature of the stable section is 1070℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the stable section is 0.03m / s, and then injected into the mold, and the composite conductor is obtained after cooling.

[0143] Example 8

[0144] This embodiment provides a composite conductor, and the preparation method thereof is as follows:

[0145] A hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is provided, wherein the inner diameter of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is 0.05 mm, the outer diameter is 0.1 mm, the length of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is 20 mm, and 6 layers of graphene are deposited on the inner tube wall and the outer tube wall of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends to obtain a hollow copper fiber conductor with open ends. A portion of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is taken, and the two ends are sealed with a copper sealing layer to obtain a hollow copper fiber conductor with sealed ends.

[0146] A pipeline is provided, which includes a liquid injection section, a feeding section, an adjustment section, a homogenization section (vertically upward) vertical to the adjustment section, and a stabilization section vertical to the homogenization section. After the pipeline is evacuated, the copper liquid is injected into the pipeline at a flow rate of 0.8 m / s. The temperature of the injection section is 1200°C, the temperature of the feeding section is 1100°C, the flow rate of the copper liquid in the feeding section is 0.8 m / s, and the feeding section has an upper conductor adding chamber at 1 / 3 of the vertical direction from top to bottom, a middle conductor adding chamber at 1 / 2 of the vertical direction and a bottom conductor adding chamber at the bottom. A hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends and a hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends are added to the feeding section. The mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added at the top and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.1:1; the mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added in the middle and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.3:1; the mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added at the bottom and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.4:1.

[0147] Entering the adjustment section, the temperature of the adjustment section is 1130℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the adjustment section is 0.05m / s. A protrusion is provided on the pipe wall of the adjustment section, and the protrusion includes an arc section connected to the pipe wall of the adjustment section and a straight section connected to the arc section. The radius of the arc section is one-fifth of the inner diameter of the pipe. The straight section extends along the flow direction of the copper liquid, and the straight section is parallel to the flow direction of the copper liquid. The distance between the straight section and the pipe wall of the adjustment section is 70mm. The copper sealed hollow conductor and the copper open hollow conductor then enter the homogenization section, and the flow direction of the copper liquid is vertically upward. The homogenization section and the adjustment section are provided with an arc transition section. The temperature of the homogenization section is 1085℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the homogenization section is 0.1m / s. The copper liquid and the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends then enter the stabilization section. The temperature of the stabilization section is 1070℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the stabilization section is 0.03m / s, and then injected into the mold, and the composite conductor is obtained after cooling.

[0148] Example 9

[0149] This embodiment provides a composite conductor, and the preparation method thereof is as follows:

[0150] A hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is provided, wherein the inner diameter of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is 0.1 mm, the outer diameter is 0.3 mm, the length of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is 10 mm, and 6 layers of graphene are deposited on the inner tube wall and the outer tube wall of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends to obtain a hollow copper fiber conductor with open ends. A portion of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is taken, and the two ends are sealed with a copper sealing layer to obtain a hollow copper fiber conductor with sealed ends; a solid copper fiber tube is provided, wherein the diameter of the solid copper fiber tube is 0.1 mm, the length is 0.1 mm, and 2 layers of graphene are deposited on the surface of the solid copper fiber tube.

[0151] A pipeline is provided, which includes a liquid injection section, a feeding section, an adjustment section, a homogenization section (vertically upward) vertical to the adjustment section, and a stabilization section vertical to the homogenization section. After the pipeline is evacuated, the copper liquid is injected into the pipeline at a flow rate of 0.8 m / s. The temperature of the injection section is 1200°C, the temperature of the feeding section is 1100°C, the flow rate of the copper liquid in the feeding section is 0.8 m / s, and the feeding section has an upper conductor adding chamber at 1 / 3 of the vertical direction from top to bottom, a middle conductor adding chamber at 1 / 2 of the vertical direction and a bottom conductor adding chamber at the bottom. Hollow copper fiber conductors sealed at both ends, hollow copper fiber conductors open at both ends and solid copper fiber tubes are added to the feeding section. The mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductors sealed at both ends and the hollow copper fiber conductors open at both ends added at the top is 1.1:1; the mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductors sealed at both ends, the hollow copper fiber conductors open at both ends and the solid copper fiber tubes added in the middle is 1.3:1:1; the mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductors sealed at both ends and the hollow copper fiber conductors open at both ends added at the bottom is 1.4:1.

[0152] Entering the adjustment section, the temperature of the adjustment section is 1130℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the adjustment section is 0.05m / s. A protrusion is provided on the pipe wall of the adjustment section, and the protrusion includes an arc section connected to the pipe wall of the adjustment section and a straight section connected to the arc section. The radius of the arc section is one-fifth of the inner diameter of the pipe. The straight section extends along the flow direction of the copper liquid, and the straight section is parallel to the flow direction of the copper liquid. The distance between the straight section and the pipe wall of the adjustment section is 2cm. The copper sealed hollow conductor and the copper open hollow conductor then enter the homogenization section, and the flow direction of the copper liquid is vertically upward. The homogenization section and the adjustment section are provided with an arc transition section. The temperature of the homogenization section is 1085℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the homogenization section is 0.1m / s. The copper liquid and the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends then enter the stable section, the temperature of the stable section is 1070℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the stable section is 0.03m / s, and then injected into the mold, and the composite conductor is obtained after cooling.

[0153] Example 10

[0154] This embodiment provides a composite conductor, and the preparation method thereof is as follows:

[0155] A hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is provided, wherein the inner diameter of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is 0.05 mm, the outer diameter is 0.5 mm, the length of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is 30 mm, 10 graphene layers are deposited on the inner tube wall and the outer tube wall of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends to obtain a hollow copper fiber conductor with open ends. A portion of the hollow copper fiber tube with open ends is taken, and the two ends are sealed with a copper sealing layer to obtain a hollow copper fiber conductor with sealed ends.

[0156] A pipeline is provided, which includes a liquid injection section, a feeding section, an adjustment section, a homogenization section (vertically upward) vertical to the adjustment section, and a stabilization section vertical to the homogenization section. After the pipeline is evacuated, the copper liquid is injected into the pipeline at a flow rate of 0.8 m / s. The temperature of the injection section is 1200°C, the temperature of the feeding section is 1100°C, the flow rate of the copper liquid in the feeding section is 0.8 m / s, and the feeding section has an upper conductor adding chamber at 1 / 3 of the vertical direction from top to bottom, a middle conductor adding chamber at 1 / 2 of the vertical direction and a bottom conductor adding chamber at the bottom. A hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends and a hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends are added to the feeding section. The mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added at the top and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.1:1; the mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added in the middle and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.3:1; the mass ratio of the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends added at the bottom and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends is 1.4:1.

[0157] Entering the adjustment section, the temperature of the adjustment section is 1130℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the adjustment section is 0.05m / s. A protrusion is provided on the pipe wall of the adjustment section, and the protrusion includes an arc section connected to the pipe wall of the adjustment section and a straight section connected to the arc section. The radius of the arc section is one-fifth of the inner diameter of the pipe. The straight section extends along the flow direction of the copper liquid, and the straight section is parallel to the flow direction of the copper liquid. The distance between the straight section and the pipe wall of the adjustment section is 1.8cm. The copper sealed hollow conductor and the copper open hollow conductor then enter the homogenization section, and the flow direction of the copper liquid is vertically upward. The homogenization section and the adjustment section are provided with an arc transition section. The temperature of the homogenization section is 1085℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the homogenization section is 0.1m / s. The copper liquid and the hollow copper fiber conductor sealed at both ends and the hollow copper fiber conductor open at both ends then enter the stable section, the temperature of the stable section is 1070℃, and the flow rate of the copper liquid in the stable section is 0.03m / s, and then injected into the mold, and the composite conductor is obtained after cooling.

[0158] The above is a detailed introduction to the preparation method and preparation equipment of the composite conductor provided in the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present application. At the same time, for technicians in this field, according to the idea of ​​the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a composite conductor, characterized in that: include: Providing a conductor, the conductor comprising a metal fiber and a graphene layer bonded to a surface of the metal fiber; Placing the conductor in a flowing molten metal, and adjusting the length extension direction of the conductor to be consistent with the flow direction of the molten metal through the flow of the molten metal; The molten metal containing the conductor whose length extension direction is adjusted to coincide with the flow direction of the molten metal is injected into a mold to obtain a composite conductor.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The metal fibers include solid metal fibers and / or hollow metal fibers, and the hollow metal fibers include hollow metal fiber tubes with open ends and / or hollow metal fiber tubes with sealed ends; The material of the metal fiber is copper, copper-silver alloy, or silver; the molten metal is copper liquid, copper-silver alloy liquid, or silver liquid; The number of graphene layers is 1 to 10.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the hollow metal fiber is 0.05 mm to 0.3 mm, the outer diameter is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, and the length is 0.1 mm to 30 mm; The solid metal fiber has a diameter of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm and a length of 0.1 mm to 30 mm.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the flow direction of the molten metal, the flow zone of the molten metal includes an upstream, a mid-upstream, and a midstream. The molten metal is injected from the upstream, and the conductor is added to the flowing molten metal from the mid-upstream. The length extension direction in the midstream is adjusted to be consistent with the flow direction of the molten metal.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flow direction of the molten metal in the middle and upper reaches is horizontal, and the conductor is added to the flowing molten metal from the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer in the vertical direction of the middle and upper reaches.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The metal fiber includes a hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends and a hollow metal fiber tube open at both ends. The mass ratio of the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends and the hollow metal fiber tube open at both ends entering the flowing molten metal from the upper layer is (1.1-1.3):1; the mass ratio of the hollow metal fiber tube sealed at both ends and the hollow metal fiber tube open at both ends entering the flowing molten metal from the middle layer and / or the lower layer is (1.2-1.5):

1.

7. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flow velocity of the molten metal in the upstream and / or the mid-upstream is 0.5 m / s to 2 m / s, and the flow velocity of the molten metal in the midstream is 0.1 m / s to 1 m / s; The temperature of the upstream is 1100°C to 1250°C, the temperature of the mid-upstream is 1000°C to 1090°C, and the temperature of the midstream is 1080°C to 1200°C.

8. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flow area of ​​the molten metal also includes a midstream and a downstream, wherein the extension direction of the midstream is perpendicular to the extension direction of the midstream, and the extension direction of the downstream is perpendicular to the extension direction of the midstream; The flow rate of the molten metal in the middle and downstream is 0.01m / s to 0.2m / s, and the flow rate of the molten metal in the downstream is 0.01m / s to 0.05m / s; The temperature of the midstream and downstream is 1080°C to 1150°C, and the temperature of the downstream is 1050°C to 1100°C.

9. A preparation device for a composite conductor, used to implement the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The preparation equipment comprises a driving device and a flow device, wherein the driving device and the flow device are fixedly connected, and the driving device drives the molten metal to flow in the flow device.

10. The preparation device according to claim 9, characterized in that: Along the flow direction of the molten metal, the flow device includes a liquid injection section, a feeding section and a regulating section which are connected in sequence.

11. The preparation device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The preparation equipment further comprises a conductor adding chamber for storing the conductor, and the feeding section is connected to the conductor adding chamber.

12. The preparation device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The conductor adding chamber includes a first conductor adding chamber, a second conductor adding chamber and a third conductor adding chamber. The feeding section is placed horizontally, the first conductor adding chamber is connected to the upper part of the feeding section along the vertical direction, the second conductor adding chamber is connected to the middle part of the feeding section along the vertical direction, and the third conductor adding chamber is connected to the bottom of the feeding section along the vertical direction.

13. The preparation device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The inner wall of the adjusting section is provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion extends along the flow direction of the molten metal.

14. The preparation device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The protrusion includes an arc segment connected to the inner wall of the adjustment section and a first straight line segment connected to the arc segment; wherein, the center of the arc segment is located on a side close to the first straight line segment, the radius of the arc segment is 1 / 4 to 1 / 5 of the inner diameter of the adjustment section, the first straight line segment is parallel to the axis of the adjustment section, and the distance between the first straight line segment and the inner wall of the adjustment section adjacent to it is 1 mm to 2 cm.

15. The preparation device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The protrusion is a second straight line segment connected to the inner wall of the adjustment section, the angle between the second straight line segment and the axis of the adjustment section is 15° to 50°, and the distance between the endpoint of the second straight line segment away from the inner wall of the adjustment section and the inner wall of the adjustment section adjacent thereto is 1 / 4 to 1 / 5 of the inner diameter of the adjustment section.

16. The preparation device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The flow device also includes a first circular arc transition section, a homogenizing section, a second circular arc transition section and a stabilizing section. One end of the homogenizing section is connected to the adjusting section through the first circular arc transition section, and the other end is connected to the stabilizing section through the second circular arc transition section. The extension direction of the homogenizing section is perpendicular to the extension direction of the adjusting section, and the extension direction of the stabilizing section is parallel to the extension direction of the adjusting section.

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