Plastic film mulching and soil covering all-in-one machine for agricultural planting

Abstract

The invention discloses a plastic film mulching and soil covering all-in-one machine for agricultural planting, which comprises a rack, furrow openers capable of lifting up and down are arranged on both sides of the front end of the rack, a film mulching roller is mounted at the rear end of the rack, and a film pressing and ridging structure and a seeding structure corresponding to the furrow openers in position are mounted through a turnover frame; according to the invention, a rotary sleeve with a plurality of digging assemblies is rotatably mounted outside a seed loading cylinder, and each digging assembly consists of a digging shovel with a seed discharging bin and a film breaking hot knife; when the all-in-one machine works, a power machine is used for driving the all-in-one machine to move forwards at a constant speed, a digging shovel is communicated with a seed falling opening of a seed containing cylinder in the process of screwing into soil, so that seeds can be quantitatively warehoused conveniently, the warehoused seeds are uniformly dispersed in a seeding pit through sieve pores, and soil is covered by a soil covering rod at the rear, and the seeding quality is improved; and meanwhile, the heated film breaking hot knife is in contact with the film when being screwed into soil, a regular notch is formed in the film through high-temperature ironing, and the film covering quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and more specifically, to a mulch film covering and soil covering integrated machine for agricultural planting. Background Art

[0002] In agricultural planting, the planting mulch machine integrates the functions of soil covering, sowing, and compaction, which can effectively improve the planting efficiency and germination rate, while reducing water evaporation, maintaining soil moisture, and promoting crop growth.

[0003] Traditional sowing processes mostly use a drum-type hole seeder, which uses the digging shovel on the drum to punch holes in the soil covered with a film to form sowing holes, and then put seeds into the sowing holes. However, it is difficult to control the sowing amount and the distribution of seeds in the sowing holes during sowing and feeding. Too much or too little feeding will affect the germination rate and thinning workload of small-grain crops such as millet. Secondly, the film is mechanically damaged during the digging process of the digging shovel, which is easy to involve the film and cause irregular tearing of the film to a certain extent. When the tear in the film is too large, it is easy to cause increased evaporation of soil moisture and excessive heat loss of soil, affecting the quality of the film and the uniformity of seedling emergence.

[0004] Therefore, we propose an all-in-one machine for covering ground film and soil for agricultural planting in view of existing practical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the existing problems. Compared with the existing technology, a kind of agricultural planting mulch film covering soil all-in-one machine is provided. The mulch film covering machine is a rotating sleeve with multiple digging components rotatably installed on the outside of the seed barrel. The digging components are composed of a digging shovel with a seed discharge bin and a film breaking hot knife. When working, a power machinery is used to drive the all-in-one machine to move forward at a uniform speed. The digging shovel is connected with the seed dropping port of the seed barrel during the process of rotating into the soil, which is convenient for quantitative seeds to enter the bin. The seeds are evenly dispersed in the sowing pit through the sieve holes during the continuous rotation of the digging shovel. In addition, the heated film breaking hot knife contacts with the film when rotating into the soil, and high-temperature ironing is used to form regular notches on the film. Compared with the traditional mechanical tearing method, the film covering effect is improved.

[0006] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: an agricultural planting mulching and soil covering integrated machine, comprising a frame with walking wheels, both sides of the front end of the frame are provided with furrow openers that can be raised and lowered, the rear end of the frame is provided with film covering rollers and film guide rollers distributed inside and outside, the rear end of the frame is provided with a turning frame that is rotatably driven and installed, the left and right sides of the turning frame are fixedly provided with film pressing and ridging structures corresponding to the positions of the furrow openers, and a sowing structure is provided between a pair of film pressing and ridging structures; The sowing structure includes a fixed frame fixedly mounted on the left and right end walls of the turning frame, a plurality of seeding barrels are fixedly mounted between a pair of fixed frames, two adjacent seeding barrels are fixedly connected by a connecting column, a seeding bucket extending into the interior of the seeding barrel is embedded and mounted on the connecting column, a rotating sleeve is rotatably mounted on each seeding barrel, and a soil digging component is annularly distributed on the rotating sleeve; The bottom end wall of the seed loading barrel is provided with a seed dropping opening which passes through inside and outside and corresponds to the position of the digging component. The digging component includes a digging shovel embedded in a rotating sleeve and a film-breaking hot knife fixed at the outer end thereof. The digging shovel is provided with a seed discharge bin which corresponds to and is connected to the position of the seed dropping opening, a sieve hole is provided at the bottom end of the seed discharge bin, and the bottom end wall of the seed loading barrel is provided with a seed dropping opening which is connected to the seed discharge bin.

[0007] Furthermore, a lifting frame for fixing a pair of furrow openers is slidably installed between the opposite end walls on the front side of the frame, and electric push cylinders for lifting and lowering the lifting frame are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the frame.

[0008] Furthermore, the left and right ends of the coating roller are installed at the lower side of the frame through a pair of fixing frames, the coating roller is rotatably installed with the pair of fixing frames, the fixing frames are fixedly installed with the frame, the left and right ends of the film guide roller are fixedly installed on the fixing frames, and the film guide roller is located at the lower side of the coating roller.

[0009] Furthermore, the film pressing and ridging structure includes a connecting frame fixed on the turning frame, a film pressing wheel is rotatably mounted on the connecting frame, and a ridging device fixed on the connecting frame is provided on the film pressing wheel in a direction away from one side of the frame.

[0010] Furthermore, two adjacent rotating sleeves are fixedly connected by a plurality of connecting rods distributed in a ring, and the outer port of the seed feeding bucket is located on the inner side of the connecting rod. The arrangement of multiple groups of connecting rods facilitates the synchronous rotation and advancement of multiple groups of rotating sleeves on the soil during the advancement of the device.

[0011] Furthermore, the left and right end walls of the digging shovel are provided with heat conducting plates connected to the film breaking and hot knife, and the left and right ends of the outer end wall of the seed loading tube are embedded with annular electric heating plates corresponding to the positions of the heat conducting plates.

[0012] Furthermore, the film-breaking hot knife and the heat-conducting plate are both made of heat-conducting materials, the inner end of the heat-conducting plate is in contact with the outer end wall of the annular electric heater, and the annular electric heater installed in the seed barrel is used for heating. The started annular electric heater conducts heat to the film-breaking hot knife and the heat-conducting plate, and the power machinery is used to drive the integrated machine to move forward at a uniform speed. When the digging component is screwed into the soil, the heated film-breaking hot knife contacts the film when it is screwed into the soil and when it leaves the soil, and high-temperature ironing is used to form regular notches on the film to avoid irregular tearing of the film during the digging process of the digging component, which affects the coating effect.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper end of the digging shovel located at the seed discharge bin and the seed loading barrel are made of heat-insulating materials to prevent the hot film-breaking knife from affecting the seeds in the seed loading barrel and the seeds discharged into the digging shovel.

[0014] Optionally, a pair of the fixing frames are also fixedly connected with soil covering rods located at the rear end of the rotating sleeve, and the soil covering rods are provided with soil covering claws arranged toward the rotating sleeve.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: The present invention is to rotatably install a rotating sleeve with multiple digging components on the outside of a seed loading cylinder loaded with seeds, and a seed dropping port matched with a seed discharge bin of a digging shovel is provided on the seed loading cylinder. When working, a power machine is used to drive the integrated machine to move forward at a uniform speed, and the digging components are connected with the seed dropping port during the process of rotating into the soil, so as to facilitate the quantitative entry of seeds into the bin. The seeds are evenly dispersed in the sowing pit through the sieve holes during the continuous rotation of the digging shovel, so as to effectively avoid the seeds from piling up in one place, and a covering rod with multiple soil covering claws is added on the rear side of the rotating sleeve, so as to cover the soil shoveled outward by the digging components back into the sowing pit after sowing, so as to improve the soil covering effect. This solution further improves the structure of the earth-moving component by adding a film-breaking hot knife connected to a pair of heat-conducting plates at the bottom of the earth-moving shovel, heating is performed using an annular electric heating plate installed in the seed loading barrel, and heat is conducted to the film-breaking hot knife and the heat-conducting plate. The heated film-breaking hot knife comes into contact with the film when it is screwed into the soil, and high-temperature ironing is used to form regular notches on the film to avoid irregular tearing of the film during the excavation process of the earth-moving component, which affects the film covering effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of another perspective of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when it is working; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the seeding structure of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the joint of the seed loading cylinder, the rotating sleeve and the soil digging assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of another perspective of the joint of the seed loading cylinder, the rotating sleeve and the soil digging assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention when the seed loading cylinder and the rotating sleeve are detached; Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the joint of the seed loading cylinder, the rotating sleeve and the sowing structure of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the earthmoving assembly of the present invention in operation.

[0017] Description of the numbers in the figure: 1. Frame; 2. Lifting frame; 3. Electric push cylinder; 4. Furrow opener; 5. Film coating roller; 6. Film guide roller; 7. Turning frame; 8. Film pressing wheel; 9. Ridge former; 10. Fixed frame; 11. Seed loading barrel; 111. Seed drop port; 12. Connecting column; 13. Rotating sleeve; 14. Digging assembly; 141. Digging shovel; 142. Film breaking knife; 143. Heat conducting plate; 144. Sieve hole; 15. Seed feeding bucket; 16. Ring electric heater; 17. Soil covering rod; 171. Soil covering claw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will combine the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Embodiment 1: The present invention discloses a mulching and soil covering machine for agricultural planting, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , including a frame 1 with walking wheels and a traction frame, both sides of the front end of the frame 1 are provided with furrow openers 4 that can be raised and lowered, a lifting frame 2 for fixing a pair of furrow openers 4 is slidably installed between the opposite end walls on the front side of the frame 1, and electric push cylinders 3 for lifting and lowering the lifting frame 2 are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the frame 1, and the position of the furrow opener 4 is adjusted according to the need of furrowing depth; A coating roller 5 and a film guide roller 6 distributed inside and outside are installed at the lower side of the end of the frame 1 away from the traction frame. The left and right ends of the coating roller 5 are installed at the lower side of the frame 1 through a pair of fixed frames. The coating roller 5 is rotatably installed with a pair of fixed frames, and the fixed frames are fixedly installed with the frame 1. The left and right ends of the film guide roller 6 are fixedly installed on the fixed frames, and the film guide roller 6 is located at the lower side of the coating roller 5. The coating roller 5 is used to wind up the film, and the film guide roller 6 is used to guide the pulled film.

[0020] See also Figure 1A turning frame 7 is installed with a rotation drive on one side of the frame 1 away from the traction frame. A plurality of connecting plates rotatably installed in the frame 1 are fixedly installed on the end wall of the turning frame 7. The plurality of connecting plates are fixedly connected by a rotating shaft rotatably installed in the frame 1. A driving motor for rotationally driving the rotating shaft is fixedly installed at the end of the frame 1. Film pressing and ridging structures corresponding to the positions of the furrow opener 4 are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the turning frame 7. A sowing structure is provided between the pair of film pressing and ridging structures. The film pressing and ridging structures and the sowing structures on the turning frame 7 are driven to flip up and down by the driving motor to adjust the working position.

[0021] The film pressing and ridging structure comprises a connecting frame fixed on the turning frame 7, on which a film pressing wheel 8 is rotatably mounted, and a ridging device 9 fixed on the connecting frame is provided in the direction of the film pressing wheel 8 away from the side of the frame 1.

[0022] See also Figure 3 When in use, the frame 1 is installed on a power machine such as an agricultural tractor through a traction frame. First, the film on the film coating roller 5 is pulled out through the film guide roller 6 and the bottom of the sowing structure, and its end is fixed on the soil, and then the film pressing and ridging structure and the sowing structure are moved downward to contact the ground. The film pressing and ridging structure is located below the side of the sowing structure, and a pair of furrow openers 4 in front perform furrowing on the land to form a sowing area corresponding to the position of the sowing structure. The film covers the sowing area, and a pair of film pressing wheels 8 press the left and right ends of the film into the grooves formed on both sides. During the forward movement, a pair of ridgers 9 on both sides push the soil pushed out of the furrow inward and re-cover it on the film, and the forward-driven sowing structure performs digging and sowing operations in the sowing area covered with the film.

[0023] Embodiment 2: Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment optimizes the sowing structure relative to the existing drum-type seed drill, as follows: See also Figure 4 The sowing structure includes a fixed frame 10 fixedly mounted on the left and right end walls of the turning frame 7, a plurality of seeding barrels 11 are fixedly mounted between a pair of fixed frames 10, two adjacent seeding barrels 11 are connected to each other through a connecting column 12, a rotating sleeve 13 is rotatably mounted on each seeding barrel 11, a digging assembly 14 is annularly distributed on the rotating sleeve 13, a seeding bucket 15 extending to the interior of the seeding barrel 11 is embedded and mounted on the connecting column 12, two adjacent rotating sleeves 13 are fixedly connected by a plurality of connecting rods distributed annularly, and the outer port of the seeding bucket 15 is located on the inner side of the connecting rod, and the arrangement of multiple groups of connecting rods facilitates the synchronous rotation and advancement of multiple groups of rotating sleeves 13 on the soil during the advancement of the device, and the connecting rod does not contact the seeding bucket 15 during the rotation of the rotating sleeve 13; See also Figure 5-Figure 6The bottom end wall of the seeding barrel 11 is provided with a seeding port 111 which penetrates inside and outside and corresponds to the position of the digging component 14. The seeding port 111 is connected to the seeding bin. The digging component 14 includes a digging shovel 141 embedded in the rotating sleeve 13 and a film-breaking hot knife 142 fixed at its outer end. The inner end of the digging shovel 141 is in active contact with the outer end wall of the seeding barrel 11. The digging shovel 141 is provided with a seeding bin corresponding to and connected to the seeding port 111. The bottom end wall of the digging shovel 141 close to the rotating sleeve 13 is provided with a plurality of digging shovels 141 connected to the seeding bin. See also Figure 7-Figure 8 The left and right end walls of the digging shovel 141 are provided with heat-conducting plates 143 connected to the film-breaking hot knife 142. The left and right ends of the outer end wall of the seed loading tube 11 are embedded with annular electric heating plates 16 corresponding to the position of the heat-conducting plates 143. The film-breaking hot knife 142 and the heat-conducting plates 143 are both made of heat-conducting materials. The inner end of the heat-conducting plate 143 is in contact with the outer end wall of the annular electric heating plate 16. The upper end of the digging shovel 141 located at the seed discharge bin is made of heat-insulating material to prevent the hot film-breaking hot knife 142 from affecting the seeds discharged into the digging shovel 141.

[0024] See also Fig. 9 When working, firstly, the annular electric heater 16 installed in the seed barrel 11 is used for heating. The activated annular electric heater 16 conducts heat to the film-breaking hot knife 142 and the heat-conducting sheet 143, and the power machinery is used to drive the integrated machine to move forward at a uniform speed. When the digging component 14 is screwed into the soil, the heated film-breaking hot knife 142 contacts the film when it is screwed into the soil and leaves the soil, and a regular notch is formed on the film by high-temperature ironing, so as to avoid irregular tearing of the film during the digging process of the digging component 14, which affects the film covering effect; During the process of forming the sowing pit, when the seed discharge bin on the digging shovel 141 is connected with the seed drop port 111, the seeds are discharged into the seed discharge bin of the digging shovel 141 through the seed drop port 111, and the whole device moves forward at a uniform speed, which is convenient for the seeds to enter the bin in a certain quantity each time. The digging shovel 141 has a certain length, and a plurality of sieve holes 144 are provided on the digging shovel 141, so that the seeds can be evenly dispersed in the formed sowing pit through the sieve holes 144 during the continuous rotation of the digging component 14, so as to avoid the seeds piling up in one place after falling.

[0025] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 A pair of fixed frames 10 are also fixedly connected to a covering rod 17 located at the rear end of the rotating sleeve 13. The covering rod 17 is provided with covering claws 171 arranged toward the rotating sleeve 13, which are used to cover the soil shoveled out by the digging assembly 14 into the sowing pit again after sowing, so that the soil is evenly moved into the sowing pit, thereby improving the covering effect.

[0026] In summary, a rotating sleeve 13 with multiple digging components 14 is rotatably installed outside a seed loading barrel 11 loaded with seeds, and a seed dropping port 111 adapted to a seed discharging bin of a digging shovel 141 is provided on the seed loading barrel 11. When working, a power machine is used to drive the integrated machine to move forward at a uniform speed, and the digging component 14 is connected with the seed dropping port 111 during the process of rotating into the soil, so as to facilitate the quantitative entry of seeds into the bin. After entering the bin, the seeds are evenly dispersed in the formed sowing pit through the sieve holes 144 during the continuous rotation of the digging component 14, so as to avoid the seeds from piling up in one place after falling. In addition, a film-breaking knife 142 connected to a pair of heat-conducting plates 143 is added at the bottom of the digging shovel 141, and the heat-conducting plates 143 and the film-breaking knife 142 are heat-conducted by the annular electric heating plate 16 installed in the seed barrel 11. The heated film-breaking knife 142 contacts the film when it is screwed into the soil, and high-temperature ironing is used to form regular notches on the film. Compared with the traditional mechanical tearing method, this can avoid irregular tearing of the film during the digging process of the digging component 14, which affects the coating effect.

[0027] The above is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention; but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention; any equivalent replacement or change based on the technical solution and improved concept of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An agricultural planting mulching and soil covering integrated machine, comprising a frame (1) with walking wheels, both sides of the front end of the frame (1) are provided with furrow openers (4) that can be raised and lowered, characterized in that: The rear end of the frame (1) is equipped with film coating rollers (5) and film guide rollers (6) distributed inside and outside, and the rear end of the frame (1) is also equipped with a turning frame (7) for rotational driving, and the left and right sides of the turning frame (7) are fixedly equipped with film pressing and ridging structures corresponding to the positions of the furrow openers (4), and a sowing structure is provided between the pair of film pressing and ridging structures; The sowing structure comprises a fixed frame (10) fixedly mounted on the left and right end walls of the turning frame (7); a plurality of seeding barrels (11) are fixedly mounted between a pair of fixed frames (10); two adjacent seeding barrels (11) are fixedly connected via a connecting column (12); a seeding bucket (15) extending into the interior of the seeding barrel (11) is embedded on the connecting column (12); a rotating sleeve (13) is rotatably mounted on each of the seeding barrels (11); and a soil digging assembly (14) is annularly distributed on the rotating sleeve (13); The digging assembly (14) comprises a digging shovel (141) embedded in the rotating sleeve (13) and a film-breaking hot knife (142) fixed to the outer end thereof; a seeding bin corresponding to and connected to the seeding opening (111) is provided inside the digging shovel (141); a plurality of sieve holes (144) are provided at the bottom end of the seeding bin; and a seeding opening (111) is provided on the bottom end wall of the seed loading cylinder (11).

2. The agricultural planting mulch film covering soil integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting frame (2) for fixedly mounting a pair of furrow openers (4) is slidably mounted between opposite end walls on the front side of the frame (1), and electric push cylinders (3) for lifting and lowering the lifting frame (2) are fixedly mounted on both sides of the top end of the frame (1).

3. The agricultural planting mulch film covering soil integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right ends of the coating roller (5) are mounted on the lower side of the frame (1) via a pair of fixed frames. The coating roller (5) is rotatably mounted on the pair of fixed frames. The fixed frames are fixedly mounted on the frame (1). The left and right ends of the film guide roller (6) are fixedly mounted on the fixed frames, and the film guide roller (6) is located on the lower side of the coating roller (5).

4. The agricultural planting mulch film covering and soil covering integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film pressing and ridging structure comprises a connecting frame fixed on a turning frame (7), a film pressing wheel (8) being rotatably mounted on the connecting frame, and a ridging device (9) fixed on the connecting frame is provided on a side of the film pressing wheel (8) away from the frame (1).

5. The agricultural planting mulch film covering soil integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two adjacent rotating sleeves (13) are fixedly connected via a plurality of connecting rods distributed in an annular manner, and the outer port of the seed feeding bucket (15) is located on the inner side of the connecting rod.

6. The agricultural planting mulch film covering soil integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right end walls of the digging shovel (141) are both provided with heat conducting plates (143) that are in contact with the film breaking and hot knife (142), and the left and right ends of the outer end wall of the seed loading tube (11) are both embedded with annular electric heating plates (16) corresponding to the positions of the heat conducting plates (143).

7. The agricultural planting mulch film covering and soil covering integrated machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The film-breaking hot knife (142) and the heat-conducting plate (143) are both made of heat-conducting material, and the inner end of the heat-conducting plate (143) is in contact with the outer end wall of the annular electric heater (16).

8. The agricultural planting mulch film covering and soil covering integrated machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper end of the digging shovel (141) located at the seeding bin and the seed loading cylinder (11) are both made of heat-insulating material.

9. The agricultural planting mulch film covering soil integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A soil covering rod (17) located at the rear end of the rotating sleeve (13) is also fixedly connected to the pair of fixing frames (10), and soil covering claws (171) arranged toward the rotating sleeve (13) are distributed on the soil covering rod (17).

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