Lateral expansion type telescopic grouting anchor rod and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a lateral expansion type telescopic grouting anchor rod and a construction method, and relates to the field of anchoring structures. The lateral expansion type telescopic grouting anchor rod comprises a hollow rod body, a lateral expansion assembly and an anchoring assembly, the top end of the hollow rod body is connected with a conical guide cap, and the lateral expansion assembly comprises a plurality of fan-shaped expansion pieces arranged in the circumferential direction of the hollow rod body at intervals and steel wire ropes connected with the fan-shaped expansion pieces in a one-to-one correspondence mode. Each fan-shaped expansion piece is configured to rotate in the direction close to or away from the hollow rod body, and a torsional spring is connected between each fan-shaped expansion piece and the hollow rod body; when the steel wire rope is stretched or loosened, the fan-shaped expansion piece overcomes the elastic force of the torsional spring to rotate in the direction close to the hollow rod body or the compressed torsional spring pushes the fan-shaped expansion piece to rotate in the direction away from the hollow rod body; the anchoring assembly is used for fixing the hollow rod body to a rock wall. According to the lateral expansion type telescopic grouting anchor rod, the friction force between the anchor rod and the inner wall of a drill hole can be effectively increased, and the anchoring effect and economical efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of anchoring structures, and in particular to a laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor rod and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Soft rock geological conditions are often encountered during the construction of new tunnels. This type of surrounding rock has low strength, low bearing capacity, is easily softened when exposed to water, has large porosity, poor cementation, poor self-stabilization ability, and is prone to landslides. If support is not timely or the support method is incorrect, the surrounding rock will become unstable and damaged, seriously affecting construction safety.

[0003] In order to avoid large deformation and landslide accidents during excavation of soft surrounding rock, anchor rods are often used for construction in processes such as advance reinforcement, advance support, and initial support. However, the friction between the anchor head of a conventional mechanical grouting anchor and the rock wall is small, and the anchoring effect is not ideal. At the same time, the ultimate bonding strength between the grouting body in the anchoring section and the soft rock is small, and a longer anchoring section length is required, which not only increases the construction difficulty and safety risks, but is also not economical and difficult to meet usage requirements. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor rod and a construction method, which can effectively increase the friction between the anchor rod and the inner wall of the borehole, thereby improving the anchoring effect and economy.

[0005] This application is implemented as follows: The present application provides a laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor rod, which comprises: The hollow rod assembly comprises a hollow rod having a conical guide cap and a limit nut connected to the top and the tail ends thereof respectively, and a plurality of openings communicating with the inside of the hollow rod are arranged on the outer wall of the conical guide cap; The lateral expansion assembly comprises a plurality of fan-shaped expansion members arranged at intervals along the circumference of the hollow rod body and steel wire ropes connected to the fan-shaped expansion members one by one, each fan-shaped expansion member is hinged to the hollow rod body and configured to rotate in a direction close to or away from the hollow rod body, and a torsion spring is connected between each fan-shaped expansion member and the hollow rod body; when the steel wire rope is stretched or loosened, the fan-shaped expansion member overcomes the elastic force of the torsion spring and rotates in a direction close to the hollow rod body, or the compressed torsion spring pushes the fan-shaped expansion member to rotate in a direction away from the hollow rod body; The anchoring assembly includes a tail fixing sleeve rod slidably mounted on the tail end of the hollow rod body, an anchor plate slidably mounted on the tail fixing sleeve rod, and an anchor nut connected to the tail fixing sleeve rod by threaded mounting. The anchor nut is used to press and limit the anchor plate to move in a direction away from the conical guide cap, and the limit nut is used to press and limit the tail fixing sleeve rod to move in a direction away from the conical guide cap.

[0006] In some optional embodiments, the hollow rod body is connected in sequence by a top hollow screw rod, a connecting sleeve, at least one standard section hollow rod body, a fixing sleeve and a tail hollow rod body through threads.

[0007] In some optional embodiments, the outer wall of the connecting sleeve is connected to a bearing, and the outer wall of the bearing is provided with a limiting ring for each steel wire rope to pass through.

[0008] In some optional embodiments, two adjacent standard section hollow rod bodies are threadedly connected via a connecting sleeve.

[0009] In some optional embodiments, the sliding sleeve on the rear hollow rod body is provided with a washer and springs at both ends respectively pressing against the limit nut and the washer, and the washer is used to press to limit the movement of the rear fixed sleeve rod in a direction away from the conical guide cap.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, the lateral expansion assembly includes a limiting sleeve connected to the standard section hollow rod body by a threaded sleeve and a connecting plate and a limiting plate sleeved on the limiting sleeve, the fan-shaped expansion piece is hinged to the connecting plate, a torsion spring is connected between the fan-shaped expansion piece and the connecting plate, and the connecting plate and the limiting plate are connected by at least one connecting rod.

[0011] In some optional implementation schemes, the limiting plate is provided with limiting grooves corresponding to the fan-shaped expansion pieces one by one, and the fan-shaped expansion pieces are inserted into the corresponding limiting grooves when they rotate in a direction away from the hollow rod body.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, the outer wall of the fan-shaped expansion piece is provided with a gear ring for engaging with the rock wall.

[0013] In some optional implementation schemes, a steel wire fixing ring is sleeved and connected to the hollow rod body, and a plurality of steel wire connecting holes for connecting steel wire ropes are opened on the steel wire fixing ring.

[0014] The present application also provides a construction method of the above-mentioned laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor rod, comprising the following steps: After drilling, insert the conical guide cap of the hollow rod body to the designed depth in the hole; Loosen each steel wire rope, so that the compressed torsion spring pushes the fan-shaped expansion piece to rotate away from the hollow rod body and press against the hole wall; Rotate the hollow rod body to insert the conical guide cap into the bottom wall of the hole, drive each fan-shaped expansion piece to further rotate away from the hollow rod body to press against the hole wall until the anchor plate is fully in contact with the rock wall outside the hole, and tighten the anchor nut to fix the anchor plate to the rock wall; The grouting liquid is injected into the hole through the opening of the hollow rod body and the conical guide cap.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the application are as follows: the laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor provided by the application comprises a hollow rod body assembly, a lateral expansion assembly and an anchor assembly, the hollow rod body assembly comprises a hollow rod body with a conical guide cap and a limit nut connected to the top and tail ends respectively, the outer wall of the conical guide cap is provided with a plurality of openings connected to the inside of the hollow rod body; the lateral expansion assembly comprises a plurality of fan-shaped expansion members arranged at intervals along the circumference of the hollow rod body and steel wire ropes connected to the fan-shaped expansion members in a one-to-one correspondence, each fan-shaped expansion member is hinged to the hollow rod body and is configured to be rotatable in a direction approaching or away from the hollow rod body, and each fan-shaped expansion member is A torsion spring is connected between each of the parts and the hollow rod body; when the wire rope is stretched or loosened, the fan-shaped expansion piece overcomes the elastic force of the torsion spring and rotates in a direction close to the hollow rod body, or the compressed torsion spring pushes the fan-shaped expansion piece to rotate in a direction away from the hollow rod body; the anchoring assembly includes a tail fixing sleeve rod slidably mounted on the tail end of the hollow rod body, an anchor plate slidably mounted on the tail fixing sleeve rod, and an anchor nut connected to the tail fixing sleeve rod by a threaded sleeve, the anchor nut is used to press and limit the anchor plate to move in a direction away from the conical guide cap, and the limit nut is used to press and limit the tail fixing sleeve rod to move in a direction away from the conical guide cap. The laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor rod and construction method provided in the present application use a steel wire rope to pre-stretch the fan-shaped expansion piece to rotate in a direction close to the hollow rod body to overcome the elastic force of the torsion spring. When the anchor rod is inserted into the borehole, the steel wire rope can be loosened to allow the torsion spring to push the fan-shaped expansion piece to rotate in a direction away from the hollow rod body to press against the inner wall of the borehole, thereby effectively increasing the friction between the anchor rod and the inner wall of the borehole, thereby improving the anchoring effect and economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a hollow rod body assembly of a laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a conical guide cap of a laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a connecting sleeve of a laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the rear hollow rod body, the limit nut, the washer and the spring of the laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor provided in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a lateral expansion assembly of a lateral expansion type retractable grouting anchor provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of a lateral expansion assembly of a lateral expansion type retractable grouting anchor provided in an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor provided in an embodiment of the present application, in which a tail fixing sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of an upper limit nut, a washer and a spring in a tail hollow rod body; Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of inserting a laterally expandable and retractable grouting anchor rod into a borehole in the construction method of the laterally expandable and retractable grouting anchor rod provided in an embodiment of the present application; Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure in which the lateral expansion component of the lateral expansion type retractable grouting anchor rod is rotated to press against the inner wall of the borehole after the lateral expansion type retractable grouting anchor rod is inserted into the borehole in the construction method of the lateral expansion type retractable grouting anchor rod provided in the embodiment of the present application; Fig.12 A schematic structural diagram of tightening the anchor nut to fix the anchor plate on the rock wall in the construction method of the laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] In the figure: 100, hollow rod assembly; 110, hollow rod; 111, top hollow screw; 112, connecting sleeve; 113, standard section hollow rod; 114, fixing sleeve; 115, tail hollow rod; 116, bearing; 117, limiting ring; 120, conical guide cap; 121, opening; 122, guide sleeve fixing nut; 130, limiting nut; 140, washer; 150, spring; 200, lateral Expansion assembly; 210, connecting plate; 220, fan-shaped expansion piece; 221, rotating shaft; 230, wire rope; 240, torsion spring; 250, limiting sleeve; 260, limiting plate; 261, connecting rod; 270, limiting groove; 280, gear ring; 290, wire fixing ring; 291, wire connecting hole; 300, anchoring assembly; 310, tail fixing sleeve; 311, convex ring; 320, anchor pad; 330, anchor nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0020] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0022] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0024] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0026] The features and performance of the laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor rod and construction method of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and, Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor, which includes a hollow rod body assembly 100 and a lateral expansion assembly 200 and an anchor assembly 300 connected to the hollow rod body assembly 100; wherein the hollow rod body assembly 100 includes a hollow rod body 110, and the hollow rod body 110 is connected in sequence by a top hollow screw rod 111, a connecting sleeve 112, a standard section hollow rod body 113, a connecting sleeve 112, a standard section hollow rod body 113, a fixing sleeve 114 and a tail hollow rod body 115 through threads, and the top hollow screw rod 111 is connected to the end of the tail hollow rod body 115 away from the end through a thread. A conical guide cap 120 is connected, and the outer wall of the conical guide cap 120 is provided with four openings 121 connected to the inside of the top hollow screw rod 111, and the top hollow screw rod 111 is provided with a guide sleeve fixing nut 122 that presses against the conical guide cap 120 through a threaded sleeve; the outer wall of each connecting sleeve 112 is connected to a bearing 116, and the outer wall of the bearing 116 is provided with a limiting ring 117 arranged along its circumferential interval, and the tail hollow rod body 115 is connected with a limiting nut 130 through a threaded connection, and the tail hollow rod body 115 is provided with a washer 140 and springs 150 at both ends respectively pressing against the limiting nut 130 and the washer 140; The lateral expansion assembly 200 includes a limiting sleeve 250, a connecting plate 210 and a limiting plate 260 fixedly sleeved on the limiting sleeve 250, three fan-shaped expansion pieces 220 arranged at intervals along the circumference of the limiting sleeve 250, and three steel wire ropes 230 connected to the fan-shaped expansion pieces 220 one by one. The limiting sleeve 250 is sleeved on the standard section hollow rod body 113 arranged near the top hollow screw rod 111 through a thread, the connecting plate 210 and the limiting plate 260 are connected by three connecting rods 261, the three fan-shaped expansion pieces 220 are respectively hinged to the connecting plate 210 through a rotating shaft 221, and a torsion spring 240 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 221, and the two ends of the fan-shaped expansion piece 220 and the connecting plate 210 are respectively connected. The fan-shaped expansion piece 220 rotates in the direction close to or away from the standard section hollow rod body 113 The corresponding torsion spring 240 is compressed when in motion and stopped when in compression. The limiting plate 260 is provided with a limiting groove 270 corresponding to the fan-shaped expander 220 one by one. When the fan-shaped expander 220 rotates in a direction away from the hollow rod body 110, it is clamped into the corresponding limiting groove 270. The outer wall of the fan-shaped expander 220 is provided with a gear ring 280 for clamping the rock wall; a wire fixing ring 290 is provided on the standard section hollow rod body 113 arranged near the tail hollow rod body 115 through a threaded sleeve, and the wire fixing ring 290 is provided with wire connecting holes 291 arranged at intervals along its circumferential direction. Each wire rope 230 passes through the upper limiting ring 117 of each connecting sleeve 112 in turn and is connected to a wire connecting hole 291 to stretch the fan-shaped expander 220 to rotate in a direction close to the hollow rod body 110 and compress the corresponding torsion spring 240.

[0028] The anchor assembly 300 includes a tail fixing sleeve rod 310, an anchor plate 320 slidably mounted on the tail fixing sleeve rod 310, and an anchor nut 330 connected to the tail fixing sleeve rod 310 by threaded mounting. The anchor nut 330 is used to press to limit the anchor plate 320 to move in a direction away from the conical guide cap 120. The tail fixing sleeve rod 310 is slidably mounted on the limit nut 130, the spring 150 and the washer 140 of the tail hollow rod body 115. The inner wall of one end of the tail fixing sleeve rod 310 close to the conical guide cap 120 protrudes to form a convex ring 311. The washer 140 is used to press the convex ring 311 on the inner wall of one end of the tail fixing sleeve rod 310 close to the conical guide cap 120 to limit the tail fixing sleeve rod 310 to move in a direction away from the conical guide cap 120.

[0029] like Fig.10 , Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, the embodiment of the present application also provides a construction method of the above-mentioned laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor rod, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Measurement, layout and positioning: After the tunnel excavation is completed and the initial spraying of concrete on the surface of the tunnel is completed, a total station is used to carry out measurement and layout work, locate the positions where laterally expanding retractable grouting anchors need to be constructed and mark them.

[0030] Step 2: Drilling and hole cleaning: Select the appropriate drill bit according to the geological conditions, and use a fully computerized three-arm rock drilling rig for drilling. The drilling operation is carried out in sections from top to bottom. First, the arch is constructed within a 120° range, and then the left and right walls are constructed. The drilling direction is along the normal direction of the excavation contour or perpendicular to the rock formation. After the drilling is completed, the drill rod of the rock drilling rig is repeatedly pulled in and out to clean the hole, and the hole is cleaned 2 to 3 times.

[0031] Step 3: Fig.10 As shown, the laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor is installed; the various components of the laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor are assembled together, the top hollow screw rod 111, the connecting sleeve 112, the standard section hollow rod body 113, the connecting sleeve 112, the standard section hollow rod body 113, the fixing sleeve 114 and the tail hollow rod body 115 are sequentially connected by threads to form a hollow rod body assembly 100, and the three steel wire ropes 230 are respectively passed through the upper limit rings of the two connecting sleeves 112 in sequence. 117 is then connected to a wire connection hole 291 and the corresponding fan-shaped expansion piece 220 is stretched and rotated in a direction close to the hollow rod body 110 and the corresponding torsion spring 240 is compressed. Then, the anchor bolt is installed by manning the operating frame of the fully computerized rock drilling trolley, and the hollow rod body assembly 100 is gradually inserted into the borehole in the direction of drilling until the designed depth is reached. It is also ensured that the wire fixing ring 290 installed on the hollow rod body assembly 100 is located outside the borehole to facilitate the subsequent loosening of the wire rope 230.

[0032] Step 4: Fig.11 As shown, the lateral expansion assembly 200 is used to fix the anchor rod, and the wire rope 230 tied to the wire connection hole 291 is manually loosened outside the borehole, so that the three compressed torsion springs 240 respectively push the three fan-shaped expansion members 220 to rotate in a direction away from the standard section hollow rod body 113 and press against the inner wall of the borehole, so that the lateral expansion assembly 200 remains fixed.

[0033] Step 5: Apply initial tension and anchor. Manually rotate the hollow rod 110 counterclockwise to make the conical guide cap 120 at the top of the hollow rod 110 slightly press against the bottom wall of the borehole. Then tighten the hollow rod 110 with a pneumatic wrench to make the end of the hollow rod 110 firmly press against the bottom of the hole. The three fan-shaped expansion pieces 220 are further rotated and deformed in a direction away from the standard section of the hollow rod 113, increasing the lateral pressure of the lateral expansion assembly 200 on the hole wall, thereby increasing the friction of the anchor rod on the hole wall, and further improving the support effect of the anchor rod. Fig.12As shown, the anchor plate 320 sleeved on the tail fixing sleeve rod 310 is then pushed to fully contact the rock wall, and the anchor nut 330 is tightened to move it along the tail fixing sleeve rod 310 to fix the anchor plate 320 on the rock wall.

[0034] Step 6: Anchor grouting and sealing: Mix water and cement in a mass ratio of 0.33:1 to form a grouting liquid, connect the grouting quick joint to the rear hollow rod body 115, and pass the grouting liquid into the hollow rod body 110 at a grouting pressure of 0.5~1.0MPa. Stop grouting after overflow between the anchor plate 320 and the rock wall, and remove the grouting quick joint to seal the anchor hole.

[0035] Step 7: Quality inspection: Use TB-ABC602 anchor cable non-destructive testing instrument to conduct standard quality inspection on the constructed laterally expanding retractable grouting anchor.

[0036] The laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor and construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application connects the lateral expansion assembly 200 to the outer wall of the hollow rod body assembly 100, and can use the wire rope 230 to pull the multiple fan-shaped expansion pieces 220 to rotate in the direction close to the hollow rod body assembly 100 to compress the corresponding torsion spring 240 and fix it before inserting the anchor. After the anchor is inserted, the wire rope 230 is loosened to allow the compressed torsion spring 240 to push the fan-shaped expansion piece 220 to rotate in the direction away from the hollow rod body assembly 100 to press against the rock wall, effectively increasing the friction between the anchor head of the anchor and the rock wall, and ensuring that the support effect of the ordinary mechanical anchor can be achieved with a smaller anchoring section length, thereby improving the anchoring effect and economy. In addition, a washer 140 and a spring 150 at both ends of the tail hollow rod body 115 are slidingly sleeved thereon, and the limit nut 130 and the washer 140 are respectively pressed against the washer 140. The tail fixed sleeve rod 310 is slidingly sleeved on the limit nut 130, the spring 150 and the washer 140 of the tail fixed sleeve rod 310. The limit nut 130 and the washer 140 are used to limit the movement of the tail fixed sleeve rod 310 in a direction away from the conical guide cap 120, so that a telescopic connection can be formed between the tail hollow rod body 115 and the tail fixed sleeve rod 310, so that when the surrounding rock deforms in coordination, the expansion and contraction of the spring 150 can be used to push the tail fixed sleeve rod 310 to move axially relative to the tail hollow rod body 115 for coordination, so that the anchoring force of the anchor rod can exert its control effect on the large deformation of the surrounding rock, thereby improving the safety of the support structure.

[0037] The embodiments described above are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor, characterized in that: It includes: The hollow rod assembly comprises a hollow rod having a conical guide cap and a limit nut connected to the top and the tail ends thereof respectively, wherein the outer wall of the conical guide cap is provided with a plurality of openings connected to the interior of the hollow rod; A lateral expansion assembly, comprising a plurality of fan-shaped expansion members arranged at intervals along the circumference of the hollow rod body and steel wire ropes connected to the fan-shaped expansion members one by one, each of the fan-shaped expansion members is hinged to the hollow rod body and configured to rotate in a direction close to or away from the hollow rod body, and a torsion spring is connected between each of the fan-shaped expansion members and the hollow rod body; when the steel wire rope is stretched or loosened, the fan-shaped expansion member overcomes the elastic force of the torsion spring and rotates in a direction close to the hollow rod body, or the compressed torsion spring pushes the fan-shaped expansion member to rotate in a direction away from the hollow rod body; The anchoring assembly includes a tail fixing sleeve rod slidably mounted on the tail end of the hollow rod body, an anchor plate slidably mounted on the tail fixing sleeve rod, and an anchor nut connected to the tail fixing sleeve rod by threaded mounting, wherein the anchor nut is used to press and limit the anchor plate to move in a direction away from the conical guide cap, and the limit nut is used to press and limit the tail fixing sleeve rod to move in a direction away from the conical guide cap.

2. The laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow rod body is connected in sequence by a top hollow screw rod, a connecting sleeve, at least one standard section hollow rod body, a fixing sleeve and a tail hollow rod body through threads.

3. The laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the connecting sleeve is connected with a bearing, and the outer wall of the bearing is provided with a limiting ring for each of the steel wire ropes to pass through.

4. The laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two adjacent standard section hollow rod bodies are threadedly connected via a connecting sleeve.

5. The laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sliding sleeve on the tail hollow rod body is provided with a washer and springs at both ends respectively pressing the limit nut and the washer, and the washer is used for pressing to limit the tail fixed sleeve rod to move in a direction away from the conical guide cap.

6. The laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lateral expansion component includes a limiting sleeve connected to the hollow rod body of the standard section by a threaded sleeve, and a connecting plate and a limiting plate sleeved on the limiting sleeve. The fan-shaped expansion piece is hinged to the connecting plate. The torsion spring is connected between the fan-shaped expansion piece and the connecting plate. The connecting plate and the limiting plate are connected by at least one connecting rod.

7. The laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting plate is provided with limiting grooves corresponding to the fan-shaped expansion pieces one by one, and the fan-shaped expansion pieces are inserted into the corresponding limiting grooves when rotating in a direction away from the hollow rod body.

8. The laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the fan-shaped expansion piece is provided with a gear ring for clamping the rock wall.

9. The laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A steel wire fixing ring is sleeved and connected on the hollow rod body, and a plurality of steel wire connecting holes for connecting the steel wire rope are opened on the steel wire fixing ring.

10. The construction method of the laterally expandable retractable grouting anchor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: After drilling, insert the conical guide cap of the hollow rod body to the designed depth in the hole; Loosen each steel wire rope, so that the compressed torsion spring pushes the fan-shaped expansion member to rotate in a direction away from the hollow rod body and press against the hole wall; Rotate the hollow rod body to insert the conical guide cap into the bottom wall of the hole, drive each of the fan-shaped expansion pieces to further rotate away from the hollow rod body to press against the hole wall until the anchor plate is fully in contact with the rock wall outside the hole, and tighten the anchor nut to fix the anchor plate to the rock wall; The grouting liquid is injected into the hole through the openings on the hollow rod body and the conical guide cap.

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