Microcapsule antibacterial material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a microcapsule antibacterial material and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of antibacterial materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving quaternary ammonium chitosan in deionized water, dispersing nano iron oxide in the solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, adding lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite into the mixture, and stirring to prepare a mixed solution; dissolving sodium tripolyphosphate in deionized water, slowly dropwise adding the mixture until the mixture is stirred, and placing the mixture in a high-magnetic-field constant-humidity constant-temperature box to prepare an initial emulsion; mixing colloidal silicon dioxide with distilled water to prepare a SiO2 solution, adding the SiO2 solution into the initial emulsion, stirring, adding the quaternary ammonium chitosan solution, stirring, filtering, washing, drying to obtain a crude product material, and freeze-drying the crude product material in a freeze-drying machine to obtain the microcapsule antibacterial material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of antibacterial materials, in particular to a microcapsule antibacterial material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of science and technology, people have an increasing demand for clothing with functions such as comfort, lightness, warmth, and antibacterial properties. Especially for people who spend a long time outdoors, due to limited conditions, clothes cannot be changed frequently. Over time, bacteria are easily bred, causing harm to health. Therefore, the demand for clothing with antibacterial functions is more urgent.

[0003] At the same time, fragrance compounds used in clothing and daily necessities have the positive effects of improving consumer mood, relieving anxiety and improving work efficiency. Due to the volatility and poor thermal stability of aroma compounds, they have the limitations of short retention and overly strong fragrance. Encapsulating aroma compounds in microcapsules helps to release the fragrance for a long time and soften the odor, reducing respiratory irritation.

[0004] There are two modes of releasing the contents from microcapsules. One is that the microcapsules formed by the encapsulation wall material are permeable, and the core material is continuously released at a slow rate inside the microcapsule. The other mode is based on the rupture of the capsule wall to achieve a short-term and burst release of the core material, which can be triggered by environmental stimuli, including mechanical force, pH, temperature, and light.

[0005] Mechanical stimulus-responsive microcapsules use polymer materials with appropriate mechanical strength to encapsulate the core material. External mechanical force induces the rupture of the polymer material or changes its permeability, thereby releasing the core material from the capsule, while part of the core material prematurely degrades and volatilizes. The release threshold of mechanical stimulus-responsive microcapsules depends on the mechanical strength of the microcapsule wall. The main factors affecting its mechanical properties are the shape and wall thickness of the microcapsule. Its elastic modulus depends largely on the shell thickness, diameter and load-deformation response. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a microcapsule antibacterial material and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for preparing a microcapsule antibacterial material comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1, dissolving quaternary ammonium chitosan in deionized water, dispersing nano iron oxide in the above solution, ultrasonically treating at 40° C. for 20 min, adding lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite to the above mixture, stirring at a speed of 400-600 r / min for 30 min, to obtain a mixed solution;

[0010] It should be noted that quaternary ammonium chitosan is a natural material with biodegradability and biocompatibility, and it has better water solubility and antibacterial properties than chitosan. Since the cotton fiber surface carries abundant negative charges, the quaternary ammonium chitosan on the microcapsule surface carries positively charged groups, which is conducive to the adsorption of the microcapsules onto the cotton fiber surface. The microcapsules are further applied to cotton, where the presence of quaternary ammonium chitosan enhances the antibacterial effect of lavender essential oil, and the friction with cotton stimulates the release of lavender essential oil in the lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite.

[0011] S2, dissolving sodium tripolyphosphate in deionized water, slowly adding dropwise to the mixture, stirring at a speed of 60-90 r / min for 30 min, placing in a high magnetic field constant humidity and constant temperature box for 6 h, to obtain an initial emulsion;

[0012] It should be noted that the mixture was placed in a high magnetic field constant humidity and constant temperature chamber to induce changes in the microstructure of the microcapsules, stabilize the microcapsules and achieve a longer release of the core material. Magnetic particle nanoferric oxide was introduced into the capsules filled with aromatic essential oils, and the microcapsules deformed in the magnetic field to release their cores: by applying a magnetic field to the microcapsules, the attraction between the magnetic nanoparticles and the magnetic field caused the microcapsules to be pressed against the supporting surface, resulting in changes in their microstructure, reducing the rigidity of the microcapsules and increasing the adhesion of the microcapsules. The shape of the microcapsules was elongated from spherical to elongated, which significantly increased its contact area, thereby exposing more functional groups on the surface. Asymmetric capsules were more easily deformed, showed stronger adhesion, and could return to their original shape after the pressure was released. They were more likely to release lavender essential oil under mechanical stimulation. The increase in adhesion helped to enhance the stability of the capsules and their adhesion to cotton.

[0013] S3. Mix colloidal silica with distilled water to prepare SiO2 solution, add the SiO2 solution to the initial emulsion, stir at 200-300 r / min for 30 min at 25°C, add quaternary ammonium chitosan solution and stir under the same conditions for 2 h, filter, wash and dry to obtain a crude material, freeze-dry the obtained crude material in a freeze dryer for 48 h to obtain a microcapsule antibacterial material.

[0014] It should be noted that chitosan-based materials have low mechanical strength and are not suitable as independent mechanical response materials. The addition of a silica layer outside the chitosan-based shell provides higher stability for the microcapsules in the mixed wall material of natural polymers and inorganic materials. Compared with polyelectrolyte microcapsules, hybrid microcapsules with alternating layers of silica particles and chitosan prepared by freeze-assisted cross-linking show higher mechanical stability and elasticity, and can recover elastically after repeated deformation. The silica layer enhances the thermal stability of the microcapsules, which is due to the fact that the outermost layer of quaternary ammonium chitosan is not cross-linked, resulting in lower stability of this layer. The silica layer protects the inner layer of the microcapsules and reduces the weight loss of the inner microcapsules.

[0015] Furthermore, the preparation steps of the lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite in step S1 are as follows:

[0016] The montmorillonite was pre-swelled in deionized water for 24 hours to obtain a montmorillonite dispersion, soybean lecithin was dissolved in ethanol, the pH value was adjusted to 2.3 to obtain a SL solution, the SL solution was added to the montmorillonite dispersion under constant stirring, the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, the pH value was readjusted to 2.3, the mixture was stored at 45° C. for 24 hours, and a lavender essential oil suspension was added to obtain a lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite;

[0017] The mass fraction of the lavender essential oil suspension is 15-30%.

[0018] It should be noted that the main component of lavender essential oil is 49-50% linalool, which has a certain antibacterial effect.

[0019] Furthermore, the dosage ratio of the montmorillonite, deionized water, soybean lecithin, ethanol and lavender essential oil suspension is 30g:2L:10g:(2L-4L):2L.

[0020] It should be noted that montmorillonite is low in cost and abundant in reserves. It has the characteristics of exchanging ions and can be used as a carrier for inorganic and organic compounds modified to the nanoscale. Soy lecithin is used as a natural biosurfactant and an environmentally friendly biomodifier for preparing organic clays through ion exchange. Under acidic conditions, soybean lecithin presents a positively charged amino group, allowing ion exchange. The surface of montmorillonite changes from highly hydrophilic to hydrophobic, creating new adsorption sites and improving the adsorption of hydrophobic biological compounds. Linalool produces van der Waals intercalation montmorillonite through hydrogen bonding, static electricity, etc. Hydrogen bonding can occur through the interaction of hydroxyl groups in clay molecules with unsaturated carbon atoms or aliphatic rings of terpenoid molecules. Hydrophobic interactions occur between the hydrophobic properties of hydrophobic terpenoid compounds and lecithin molecules adsorbed in clay. The combined adsorption of soybean lecithin and linalool increases the interlayer space and interlayer spacing of montmorillonite.

[0021] It should be noted again that the lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite in the microcapsule antibacterial material is used as the core material. After swelling and interlayer difference, the volume of the lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite increases, and the quaternary ammonium chitosan and the lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite generate van der Waals force, and the lavender essential oil is continuously released at a slow rate in the microcapsule. At the same time, the hybrid microcapsules of uneven silica particles and chitosan alternating layers produced after magnetic field induction release lavender essential oil under mechanical force.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S1, the dosage ratio of quaternary ammonium chitosan, deionized water, nano-iron oxide and lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite is (2-3) g:100 mL:0.2 g:(1-1.4) g.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S2, the dosage ratio of sodium tripolyphosphate, deionized water and initial emulsion is 0.5 g:20 mL:100 mL.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S3, the usage ratio of colloidal silicon dioxide, distilled water, microcapsule emulsion and quaternary ammonium chitosan solution is 5 mL:55 mL:120 mL:100 mL.

[0025] Furthermore, the mass fraction of the colloidal silicon dioxide is 30%.

[0026] Furthermore, the mass fraction of the quaternary ammonium chitosan solution is 1.5-2.5%.

[0027] Furthermore, the conditions of the freeze dryer in step S3 are a condensation temperature of -50°C and a vacuum degree of 5Pa.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. Quaternary ammonium chitosan is conducive to the adsorption of microcapsules to the surface of cotton fibers, which can enhance the antibacterial effect of lavender essential oil and stimulate the release of lavender essential oil from lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite.

[0030] 2. By applying a magnetic field to the microcapsules, the rigidity of the microcapsules is reduced, the adhesion of the microcapsules is increased, the stability of the capsules is enhanced, the contact area is increased, the surface functional groups are exposed, the microcapsules are more easily deformed and resilient, and the lavender essential oil is more easily released under mechanical stimulation. The increase in adhesion also helps to adhere to cotton.

[0031] 3. Lavender essential oil has a certain antibacterial effect, and also has the positive effect of improving mood and relieving anxiety.

[0032] 4. Hybrid microcapsules with alternating layers of silica particles and chitosan prepared by cryo-assisted cross-linking exhibited higher thermal stability, mechanical stability, and elasticity, protecting the inner layer of the microcapsules and reducing weight loss during washing.

[0033] 5. Soy lecithin is used as a natural biosurfactant and environmentally friendly biomodifier, which changes the surface of montmorillonite from highly hydrophilic to hydrophobic, creating new adsorption sites. The combined action of soybean lecithin and linalool increases the volume and specific surface area of ​​montmorillonite. The interaction between quaternary ammonium chitosan and lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite causes lavender essential oil to be slowly and continuously released in the microcapsules. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with embodiments to clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] The preparation steps of lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite are as follows:

[0036] 30 g of montmorillonite was pre-swelled in 2 L of deionized water for 24 h to obtain a montmorillonite dispersion, 10 g of soybean lecithin was dissolved in 2 L of ethanol, the pH value was adjusted to 2.3 with a 0.1 M HCl solution to obtain a SL solution, the SL solution was added to the montmorillonite dispersion under constant stirring, stirred for 30 min, the pH value was readjusted to 2.3 with a 0.1 M HCl solution, stored at 45° C. for 24 h, and a lavender essential oil suspension with a mass fraction of 20% was added to obtain a lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite;

[0037] Example 1

[0038] A method for preparing a microcapsule antibacterial material comprises the following steps:

[0039] S1, dissolving 2.5 g of quaternary ammonium chitosan in 100 mL of deionized water, dispersing 0.2 g of nano iron oxide in the above solution, ultrasonically treating at 40° C. for 20 min, adding 1.2 g of lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite to the above mixture, stirring at a speed of 500 r / min for 30 min, to obtain a mixed solution;

[0040] S2, dissolving 0.5 g of sodium tripolyphosphate in 20 mL of deionized water, slowly adding the mixture dropwise, stirring at a speed of 80 r / min for 30 min, placing in a high magnetic field constant humidity and constant temperature box for 6 h, to obtain an initial emulsion;

[0041] S3. Mix 5 mL of 30% colloidal silica with 55 mL of distilled water to prepare 60 mL of 2.5% SiO2 solution, add the SiO2 solution to the initial emulsion, stir at 200 r / min for 30 min at 25°C, add 100 mL of 2% quaternary ammonium chitosan solution and stir under the same conditions for 2 h, filter, wash and dry to obtain a crude material, freeze-dry the obtained crude material in a freeze dryer for 48 h, at a condensation temperature of -50°C and a vacuum degree of 5 Pa, to obtain a microcapsule antibacterial material.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] A method for preparing a microcapsule antibacterial material comprises the following steps:

[0044] S1, dissolving 2 g of quaternary ammonium chitosan in 100 mL of deionized water, dispersing 0.2 g of nano iron oxide in the above solution, ultrasonically treating at 40° C. for 20 min, adding 1 g of lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite to the above mixture, stirring at a speed of 500 r / min for 30 min, to obtain a mixed solution;

[0045] S2, dissolving 0.5 g of sodium tripolyphosphate in 20 mL of deionized water, slowly adding the mixture dropwise, stirring at a speed of 80 r / min for 30 min, placing in a high magnetic field constant humidity and constant temperature box for 6 h, to obtain an initial emulsion;

[0046] S3. Mix 5 mL of 30% colloidal silica with 55 mL of distilled water to prepare 60 mL of 2.5% SiO2 solution, add the SiO2 solution to the initial emulsion, stir at 200 r / min for 30 min at 25°C, add 100 mL of 2% quaternary ammonium chitosan solution and stir under the same conditions for 2 h, filter, wash and dry to obtain a crude material, freeze-dry the obtained crude material in a freeze dryer for 48 h, at a condensation temperature of -50°C and a vacuum degree of 5 Pa, to obtain a microcapsule antibacterial material.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] A method for preparing a microcapsule antibacterial material comprises the following steps:

[0049] S1, dissolving 3 g of quaternary ammonium chitosan in 100 mL of deionized water, dispersing 0.2 g of nano iron oxide in the above solution, ultrasonically treating at 40° C. for 20 min, adding 1.4 g of lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite to the above mixture, stirring at a speed of 500 r / min for 30 min, to obtain a mixed solution;

[0050] S2, dissolving 0.5 g of sodium tripolyphosphate in 20 mL of deionized water, slowly adding the mixture dropwise, stirring at a speed of 80 r / min for 30 min, placing in a high magnetic field constant humidity and constant temperature box for 6 h, to obtain an initial emulsion;

[0051] S3. Mix 5 mL of 30% colloidal silica with 55 mL of distilled water to prepare 60 mL of 2.5% SiO2 solution, add the SiO2 solution to the initial emulsion, stir at 200 r / min for 30 min at 25°C, add 100 mL of 2% quaternary ammonium chitosan solution and stir under the same conditions for 2 h, filter, wash and dry to obtain a crude material, freeze-dry the obtained crude material in a freeze dryer for 48 h, at a condensation temperature of -50°C and a vacuum degree of 5 Pa, to obtain a microcapsule antibacterial material.

[0052] Comparative Example 1

[0053] A method for preparing a microcapsule antibacterial material comprises the following steps:

[0054] S1, dissolving 2.5 g of quaternary ammonium chitosan in 100 mL of deionized water, dispersing 0.2 g of nano-iron oxide in the above solution, ultrasonically treating at 40° C. for 20 min, adding 1.2 g of lavender essential oil to the above mixture, stirring at a speed of 500 r / min for 30 min, to obtain a mixed solution;

[0055] S2, dissolving 0.5 g of sodium tripolyphosphate in 20 mL of deionized water, slowly adding the mixture dropwise, stirring at a speed of 80 r / min for 30 min, placing in a high magnetic field constant humidity and constant temperature box for 6 h, to obtain an initial emulsion;

[0056] S3. Mix 5 mL of 30% colloidal silica with 55 mL of distilled water to prepare 60 mL of 2.5% SiO2 solution, add the SiO2 solution to the initial emulsion, stir at 200 r / min for 30 min at 25°C, add 100 mL of 2% quaternary ammonium chitosan solution and stir under the same conditions for 2 h, filter, wash and dry to obtain a crude material, freeze-dry the obtained crude material in a freeze dryer for 48 h, at a condensation temperature of -50°C and a vacuum degree of 5 Pa, to obtain a microcapsule antibacterial material.

[0057] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that lavender essential oil is not added to the hybrid modified montmorillonite, but lavender essential oil is added.

[0058] Comparative Example 2

[0059] A method for preparing a microcapsule antibacterial material comprises the following steps:

[0060] S1, dissolving 2.5 g of quaternary ammonium chitosan in 100 mL of deionized water, dispersing 0.2 g of nano-iron oxide in the above solution, ultrasonically treating at 40° C. for 20 min, adding 1.2 g of montmorillonite to the above mixture, stirring at a speed of 500 r / min for 30 min, to obtain a mixed solution;

[0061] S2, dissolving 0.5 g of sodium tripolyphosphate in 20 mL of deionized water, slowly adding the mixture dropwise, stirring at a speed of 80 r / min for 30 min, placing in a high magnetic field constant humidity and constant temperature box for 6 h, to obtain an initial emulsion;

[0062] S3, 5mL 30% colloidal silica was mixed with 55mL distilled water to prepare 60mL 2.5% SiO2 solution, the SiO2 solution was added to the initial emulsion, stirred at 200r / min for 30min at 25°C, 100mL 2% quaternary ammonium chitosan solution was added and stirred for 2h under the same conditions, filtered, washed and dried to obtain a crude material, the obtained crude material was freeze-dried in a freeze dryer for 48h, the condensation temperature was -50°C, and the vacuum degree was 5Pa, to obtain a microcapsule antibacterial material

[0063] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that montmorillonite is added instead of lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite.

[0064] Comparative Example 3

[0065] A method for preparing a microcapsule antibacterial material comprises the following steps:

[0066] S1, dissolving 2.5 g of quaternary ammonium chitosan in 100 mL of deionized water, dispersing 0.2 g of nano iron oxide in the above solution, ultrasonically treating at 40° C. for 20 min, adding 1.2 g of lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite to the above mixture, stirring at a speed of 500 r / min for 30 min, to obtain a mixed solution;

[0067] S2, dissolving 0.5 g of sodium tripolyphosphate in 20 mL of deionized water, slowly adding the mixture dropwise, stirring at a speed of 80 r / min for 30 min, placing in a high magnetic field constant humidity and constant temperature box for 6 h, to obtain an initial emulsion;

[0068] S3, 5mL 30% colloidal silica was mixed with 55mL distilled water to prepare 60mL 2.5% SiO2 solution, the SiO2 solution was added to the initial emulsion, stirred at 200r / min for 30min at 25°C, 100mL 2% quaternary ammonium chitosan solution was added and stirred for 2h under the same conditions, filtered, washed and dried to obtain a crude material, the obtained crude material was freeze-dried in a freeze dryer for 48h, the condensation temperature was -50°C, and the vacuum degree was 5Pa, to obtain a microcapsule antibacterial material

[0069] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite is added.

[0070] test:

[0071] The microcapsule antibacterial materials prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were mixed with deionized water to obtain a microcapsule antibacterial slurry (the mass fraction of the microcapsule antibacterial material was 2%), and cotton cloth was immersed in the antibacterial phase change microcapsule slurry and soaked at 50°C for 1 hour. After rolling, it was first dried at 50°C for 2 minutes and then baked at 120°C for 6 minutes to obtain a thermostatic textile. The antibacterial thermostatic textile was then washed 50 times, and the antibacterial properties of the antibacterial thermostatic textile before and after washing were tested.

[0072] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0073]

[0074] Table 1

[0075] It can be seen from Table 1 that the antibacterial effects of Examples 1-3 are much better than those of Comparative Examples 1-3. Among them, Comparative Example 1 has an antibacterial rate better than the other two groups of comparative examples due to the use of lavender essential oil as the core material. However, due to the absence of montmorillonite as a carrier, the capsule wall is broken under mechanical force, the release rate of lavender essential oil is too fast, and the antibacterial effect is greatly reduced after washing. By comparison, it can be concluded that lavender essential oil plays a major antibacterial role, montmorillonite and soybean lecithin play an auxiliary antibacterial role, and the montmorillonite carrier, the quaternary ammonium chitosan substrate layer, and the silica layer interact and cross-link, respectively playing a certain role in sustained release of lavender essential oil, thereby extending its antibacterial effectiveness.

[0076] In the description of the specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0077] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a microcapsule antibacterial material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, dissolving quaternary ammonium chitosan in deionized water, dispersing nano iron oxide in the above solution, ultrasonically treating at 40° C. for 20 min, adding lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite to the above mixture, stirring at a speed of 400-600 r / min for 30 min, to obtain a mixed solution; S2, dissolving sodium tripolyphosphate in deionized water, slowly adding dropwise to the mixture, stirring at a speed of 60-90 r / min for 30 min, placing in a high magnetic field constant humidity and constant temperature box for 6 h, to obtain an initial emulsion; It should be noted that the microcapsule emulsion was placed in a high magnetic field constant humidity and constant temperature box and induced at 300 mT for 6 h to change the microstructure of the microcapsules, stabilize the microcapsules and achieve a longer release of the core material. S3. Mix colloidal silica with distilled water to prepare SiO2 solution, add the SiO2 solution to the initial emulsion, stir at 200-300 r / min for 30 min at 25°C, add quaternary ammonium chitosan solution and stir under the same conditions for 2 h, filter, wash and dry to obtain a crude material, freeze-dry the obtained crude material in a freeze dryer for 48 h to obtain a microcapsule antibacterial material.

2. The method for preparing a microcapsule antibacterial material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation steps of the lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite in step S1 are as follows: The montmorillonite was pre-swelled in deionized water for 24 hours to obtain a montmorillonite dispersion, soybean lecithin was dissolved in ethanol, the pH value was adjusted to 2.3 to obtain a SL solution, the SL solution was added to the montmorillonite dispersion under constant stirring, the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, the pH value was readjusted to 2.3, the mixture was stored at 45° C. for 24 hours, and a lavender essential oil suspension was added to obtain a lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite; The mass fraction of the lavender essential oil suspension is 15-30%.

3. The method for preparing a microcapsule antibacterial material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dosage ratio of the montmorillonite, deionized water, soybean lecithin, ethanol and lavender essential oil suspension is 30g:2L:10g:(2L-4L):2L.

4. The method for preparing a microcapsule antibacterial material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, the dosage ratio of quaternary ammonium chitosan, deionized water, nano iron oxide and lavender essential oil hybrid modified montmorillonite is (2-3) g:100 mL:0.2 g:(1-1.4) g.

5. The method for preparing a microcapsule antibacterial material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dosage ratio of sodium tripolyphosphate, deionized water and initial emulsion in step S2 is 0.5 g:20 mL:100 mL.

6. The method for preparing a microcapsule antibacterial material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S3, the amount ratio of colloidal silicon dioxide, distilled water, microcapsule emulsion and quaternary ammonium chitosan solution is 5 mL: 55 mL: 120 mL: 100 mL.

7. The method for preparing a microcapsule antibacterial material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass fraction of the colloidal silicon dioxide is 30%.

8. The method for preparing a microcapsule antibacterial material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass fraction of the quaternary ammonium chitosan solution is 1.5-2.5%.

9. The method for preparing a microcapsule antibacterial material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conditions of the freeze dryer in step S3 are a condensation temperature of -50°C and a vacuum degree of 5Pa.

10. The microcapsule antibacterial material prepared according to the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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