Blast furnace ladle masonry method

Abstract

The invention discloses a blast furnace ladle masonry method which comprises the following steps: S1, construction of a permanent lining of a ladle: pouring of the bottom of the permanent lining and construction of the wall of the permanent lining; s2, the working lining of the ladle is constructed, wherein the construction comprises construction of bottom bricks of the working lining and construction of molten pool bricks of the wall of the working lining; and S3, integral pouring of the ladle edge and the ladle nozzle of the ladle. The hot metal ladle built through the method is good in heat preservation effect, and heat loss in the transportation process is reduced; the service cycle is long, periodic replacement is avoided, and the production cost is increased; and the yellow smoke emitting phenomenon in the transportation process is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of steelmaking and ironmaking, and particularly relates to a method for building a blast furnace iron ladle. Background Art

[0002] The ladle is used to hold the molten iron during the blast furnace tapping process and then transport it to the next process. After the molten iron is placed in the ladle, due to the high temperature of the molten iron, the refractory materials in the ladle obtained by the general masonry method are easily damaged after a cycle of use, and the ladle lining needs to be repaired or rebuilt, resulting in high labor intensity. At the same time, after being put into use, the high temperature of the molten iron during transportation is likely to cause a large amount of yellow smoke, affecting the atmospheric environment. Summary of the invention

[0003] Technical problem to be solved: In view of the above technical problem, the present invention provides a blast furnace iron ladle masonry method, which can effectively solve the shortcomings of the above-mentioned iron ladle, such as easy damage, high labor intensity during repair, and pollution caused during use.

[0004] Technical solution: A method for laying a blast furnace iron ladle, comprising the following steps: S1. Construction of permanent lining of ladle, including: S1-1. Casting of permanent lining bottom; S1-2, construction of permanent lining wall; S2. Ladle working lining masonry, including S2-1, laying of working lining bottom bricks; S2-2, masonry of the molten pool of the working lining wall; S3. Integral pouring of the ladle rim and ladle spout.

[0005] Preferably, the specific process of pouring the permanent lining bottom in step S1 is: S1-1-1. The permanent lining bottom of the iron ladle is cast with self-flowing castable material, with a thickness of 130-170mm; S1-1-2. Dry mix the castable for 2-3 minutes. According to the properties of the castable mud, add 6-8wt.% of water. Then wet mix the castable for 5-8 minutes. After the mud reaches the construction performance, discharge the material. Evenly add the mixed mud to the bottom of the bag and immediately vibrate it with a vibrator until the surface of the material is slurry. S1-1-3, when adding materials for the second time, if the previous castable has not yet set initially, you can add materials directly; if the previous castable has already set initially, you should scrape the surface of the previous castable, and then repeat the above process to add materials until the bottom of the ladle is poured to the set thickness; S1-1-4. The bottom casting material should be naturally cured for more than 24 hours, and the next process can be continued only after it has the load-bearing strength.

[0006] Preferably, the specific process of permanent lining wall construction in step S1 is as follows: the permanent lining wall of the iron ladle is cast by self-flowing castable material with a thickness of 80-100 mm; the masonry is carried out according to the wall masonry process, and the casting is carried out according to the castable material casting process; the permanent lining wall is cast once for every 4 rings of masonry, i.e. 400 mm high, and in order to avoid the formation of through seams, the casting height should be 30-50 mm lower than the masonry height.

[0007] Preferably, the specific process of laying the working lining bottom bricks in step S2 is: S2-1-1, the impact area of ​​the working lining bottom adopts NGD-1 brick type flat masonry with a thickness of 300 mm; the non-impact area of ​​the working lining bottom adopts JN1-2 brick type flat masonry with a thickness of 250 mm; S2-1-2. Check the permanent lining of the bottom package. If it is uneven, level it or repair it. When laying the working lining of the bottom package, the laying direction should point to the iron clad ear axis. Each brick should be leveled, pressed together, and pried firmly. The front and rear bottom package bricks should be laid with staggered joints. When laying, the brick surface should be flat, and there should be no obvious steps between bricks. The gaps between the bottom package and the wall should be filled with castables, and the brick seams should not be larger than 1.5mm.

[0008] Preferably, the specific process of the working lining wall molten pool transfer during the masonry in step S2 is: S2-2-1. When lining the ladle wall, ZZF-7 and ZZF-8 bricks are used for mixed masonry, with a total of 28 rings. The molten pool bricks of the ladle wall start at one side of the ear axis, and the door is at the other ear axis. The door is closed layer by layer, and the positions of the upper and lower layers of adjacent doors are staggered by a certain distance, and the upper and lower layers of bricks are staggered. When each ring of bricks is laid to the last 2-3 blocks, a steel tape measure is used to measure the size of the remaining section to determine the processing size of the door brick. If two door bricks must be processed, the two door bricks cannot be used together, and a non-processed brick must be sandwiched in the middle. The door bricks must be measured according to the width of the joint and cut on a brick cutter. If the minimum width of the door is less than 40 mm, two door bricks should be used to close the joint. S2-2-2. During the masonry process, two or more types of bricks are used for mixed masonry. There should be no obvious misalignment on the inner wall of each layer of bricks. Since bricks themselves have a certain degree of protrusion, in order to avoid the existence of triangular joints, two adjacent bricks are laid one positive and one negative. Each brick should be leveled, pressed together, and pried firmly. The gaps between the working lining and the permanent lining and between bricks should be filled with fire clay, and the brick joints should not be larger than 1.5 mm.

[0009] Preferably, the specific process of step S3 is: S3-1. The integrally cast fetal membrane of the mouth is placed on the 28th ring brick to ensure that the gap between the steel shell and the fetal membrane is consistent; S3-2, dry mix the high-aluminum castable for 2-3 minutes, and add 6-8wt.% of water according to the performance of the castable mud; wet mix the castable for 5-8 minutes, and discharge the castable after the mud reaches the construction performance; S3-3, pour the mixed mud into the mold cavity evenly, and immediately vibrate and compact it evenly around the wall of the package with a vibrator until the surface of the material is slurry; when adding the second material, if the previous castable has not yet set, you can add the material directly; if the previous castable has already set, the surface of the previous castable should be scraped, and the above process should be repeated until the edge of the package is poured to the preset height; S3-4. When pouring the nozzle twice, the amount of water added to the casting needs to be controlled. After the casting has initial setting strength, the permanent lining membrane is pulled up a certain distance. After the casting has been cured for 24 hours and its strength meets the requirements for demoulding, the mold is completely pulled out and the nozzle construction is completed.

[0010] Preferably, the masonry method further comprises step S4, covering the ladle, which specifically comprises the following steps: S4-1, a hydraulic lifting device is added in the middle of the ladle frame of the molten iron ladle, one end of the hydraulic lifting device is welded to the bottom of the ladle frame, and the other end is connected to the connecting rod of the ladle cover; S4-2, the bag cover is connected to the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is used to open and close the bag cover; S4-3. The ladle cover is made of thick iron plate. The size of the ladle cover is suitable for the size of the ladle opening of the molten iron ladle. Asbestos is fixed inside the ladle cover.

[0011] Beneficial effects: The ladle built by the method of the present invention has good thermal insulation effect, reduces heat loss during transportation, has a long service life, avoids periodic replacement and increases production costs, and reduces the yellow smoke phenomenon during transportation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the iron ladle of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bag cover of the present invention; Serial numbers in the figure: 1. ladle cover, 2. molten iron ladle, 3. connecting rod, 4. hydraulic lifting device, 5. ladle frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Example 1

[0014] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for laying a blast furnace iron ladle comprises the following steps: S1. Construction of permanent lining of ladle, including: S1-1. Casting of permanent lining bottom. The specific process is: S1-1-1. The permanent lining bottom of the iron ladle is cast with commercially available self-flowing castables with a thickness of 150 mm. The castables are added into the mixer, and the amount of one-time mixing is determined according to the mixer capacity, usually not exceeding 80% of the rated capacity. S1-1-2. Dry mix the castable for 2-3 minutes. According to the properties of the castable mud, add 6-8wt.% of water. Then wet mix the castable for 5-8 minutes. After the mud reaches the construction performance, discharge the material. Evenly add the mixed mud to the bottom of the bag and immediately vibrate it with a vibrator until the surface of the material is slurry. S1-1-3, when adding the second material, if the previous castable has not yet set initially, you can add the material directly; if the previous castable has already set initially, you should scrape the surface of the previous castable so that the two layers of castable can be fully combined, and then repeat the above process to add material until the bottom of the ladle is poured to the set thickness; S1-1-4. The bottom casting material should be naturally cured (at room temperature) for more than 24 hours, and the next process can be continued only after it has the load-bearing strength.

[0015] S1-2. Construction of permanent lining wall. The specific process is as follows: the permanent lining wall of the iron ladle is cast with self-flowing castable material with a thickness of 90 mm; the masonry is carried out according to the wall masonry process, and the casting is carried out according to the castable material casting process; the permanent lining wall is cast once every 4 masonry rings, i.e. 400 mm high. In order to avoid the formation of through seams, the casting height should be 30-50 mm lower than the masonry height.

[0016] S2. Ladle working lining masonry, including S2-1. Laying of working lining bottom bricks, the specific process is as follows: S2-1-1, the impact area of ​​the bottom of the working lining is made of NGD-1 (300×200×100) bricks with a thickness of 300mm; the non-impact area of ​​the bottom of the working lining is made of JN1-2 (250×200×100) bricks with a thickness of 250mm; S2-1-2. Check the permanent lining of the bottom package. If it is uneven, level it or repair it. When laying the working lining of the bottom package, the laying direction should point to the iron clad ear axis. Each brick should be leveled, pressed together, and pried firmly. The front and rear bottom package bricks should be laid with staggered joints. When laying, the brick surface should be flat, and there should be no obvious steps between bricks. The gaps between the bottom package and the wall should be filled with castables, and the brick seams should not be larger than 1.5mm.

[0017] S2-2, masonry of the molten pool of the working lining wall, the specific process is: S2-2-1. When lining the ladle wall, ZZF-7 (150×150 / 138×100) and ZZF-8 (150×150 / 126×100) bricks are used for mixed masonry, with a total of 28 rings. The molten pool bricks of the ladle wall start at one side of the ear axis, and the door is at the other ear axis. The doors are closed layer by layer, and the positions of the upper and lower layers of adjacent doors are staggered by a certain distance, and the upper and lower layers of bricks are staggered. When each ring of bricks is laid to the last 2-3 blocks, a steel tape measure is used to measure the size of the remaining section to determine the processing size of the door bricks. If two door bricks must be processed, the two door bricks cannot be used together, and a non-processed brick must be sandwiched in the middle. The door bricks should be measured according to the width of the joint and cut on a brick cutter. If the minimum width of the door is less than 40 mm, two door bricks should be used to close the joint. S2-2-2. During the masonry process, two or more types of bricks are used for mixed masonry. There should be no obvious misalignment on the inner wall of each layer of bricks. Since bricks themselves have a certain degree of protrusion, in order to avoid the existence of triangular joints, two adjacent bricks are laid one positive and one negative. Each brick should be leveled, pressed together, and pried firmly. The gaps between the working lining and the permanent lining and between bricks should be filled with fire clay, and the brick joints should not be larger than 1.5 mm.

[0018] S3, integral pouring of the ladle edge and ladle nozzle, the specific process is as follows: S3-1. The integral casting membrane of the nozzle is placed on the 28th ring brick to ensure that the gap between the steel shell and the membrane is consistent. The high-aluminum casting material is added into the mixer. The one-time mixing amount is determined according to the mixer capacity, usually not exceeding 80% of the rated capacity; S3-2, dry mix the high-aluminum castable for 2-3 minutes, and add 6-8wt.% of water according to the performance of the castable mud; wet mix the castable for 5-8 minutes, and discharge the castable after the mud reaches the construction performance; S3-3, pour the mixed mud into the mold cavity evenly, and immediately vibrate and compact it evenly around the wall of the package with a vibrator until the surface of the material is slurry; when adding the second material, if the previous castable has not yet set, you can add the material directly; if the previous castable has already set, the surface of the previous castable should be scraped, and the above process should be repeated until the edge of the package is poured to the preset height; S3-4. When pouring the nozzle twice, the amount of water added to the castable must be controlled. After the castable has initial setting strength, pull the permanent lining membrane up a certain distance. After the castable has been cured for 24 hours, when its strength meets the requirements for demoulding, pull out the mold completely and the nozzle construction is completed. The two pouring nozzles can effectively prevent residual gaps that may cause penetration problems after later use.

[0019] The standard for masonry dimensions of the permanent layer of the ladle, the standard for brick size of the working layer and the standard for masonry of the ladle opening are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1 Standard dimensions for the masonry of the permanent layer of the ladle, brick dimensions for the working layer, and masonry standards for pouring the ladle mouth Example 2

[0020] like Figure 2 As shown: Based on Example 1, it also includes step S4, covering the ladle with a cover 1, which specifically includes the following steps: S4-1, a hydraulic lifting device is added in the middle of the ladle frame 5 of the molten iron ladle 2, wherein the hydraulic lifting device 4 is a hydraulic rod, one end of the hydraulic lifting device 4 is welded to the bottom of the ladle frame 5, and the other end is connected to the connecting rod 3 of the ladle cover 1; S4-2, the bag cover 1 is connected to the connecting rod 3, and the hydraulic lifting device 4 controls the movement of the connecting rod 3 to realize the opening and closing of the bag cover 1; S4-3, the ladle cover 1 is made of thick iron plate, the size of the cover is suitable for the size of the ladle mouth of the molten iron ladle 2, and asbestos is fixed inside the cover; by adding the ladle cover 1 and the hydraulic lifting device 4 to the molten iron ladle, it can be well ensured that the smoke layer is prevented from escaping during the transportation of the molten iron.

[0021] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for building a blast furnace iron ladle, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Construction of permanent lining of ladle, including: S1-1. Casting of permanent lining bottom; S1-2, construction of permanent lining wall; S2. Ladle working lining masonry, including S2-1, laying of working lining bottom bricks; S2-2, masonry of the molten pool of the working lining wall; S3. Integral pouring of the ladle rim and ladle spout.

2. A blast furnace iron ladle masonry method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of pouring the permanent lining bottom in step S1 is: S1-1-1. The permanent lining bottom of the iron ladle is cast with self-flowing castable material, with a thickness of 130-170mm; S1-1-2. Dry mix the castable for 2-3 minutes. According to the different properties of the castable mud, add 6-8 wt.% of water. Then wet mix the castable for 5-8 minutes. After the mud reaches the construction performance, discharge the material. Evenly add the mixed mud to the bottom of the bag and immediately vibrate it with a vibrator until the surface of the material is slurry. S1-1-3, when adding materials for the second time, if the previous castable has not yet set initially, you can add materials directly; if the previous castable has already set initially, you should scrape the surface of the previous castable, and then repeat the above process to add materials until the bottom of the ladle is poured to the set thickness; S1-1-4. The bottom casting material should be naturally cured for more than 24 hours, and the next process can be continued only after it has the load-bearing strength.

3. A blast furnace iron ladle masonry method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of permanent lining wall construction in step S1 is as follows: the permanent lining wall of the iron ladle is cast with self-flowing castable material, with a thickness of 80-100 mm; the masonry is carried out according to the wall masonry process, and the casting is carried out according to the castable material casting process; the permanent lining wall is cast once for every 4 masonry rings, i.e. 400 mm high, and in order to avoid the formation of through seams, the casting height should be 30-50 mm lower than the masonry height.

4. A blast furnace iron ladle masonry method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of laying the bottom bricks of the working lining bag in step S2 is as follows: S2-1-1, the impact area of ​​the working lining bottom adopts NGD-1 brick type flat masonry with a thickness of 300 mm; the non-impact area of ​​the working lining bottom adopts JN1-2 brick type flat masonry with a thickness of 250 mm; S2-1-2. Check the permanent lining of the bottom package. If it is uneven, level it or repair it. When laying the working lining of the bottom package, the laying direction should point to the iron clad ear axis. Each brick should be leveled, pressed together, and pried firmly. The front and rear bottom package bricks should be laid in staggered joints. When laying, the brick surface should be flat, and there should be no obvious steps between bricks. The gaps between the bottom package and the package wall should be filled with castables, and the brick seams should not be larger than 1.5 mm.

5. A blast furnace iron ladle masonry method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of the molten pool transfer of the working lining wall during the masonry in step S2 is as follows: S2-2-1. When lining the ladle wall, ZZF-7 and ZZF-8 bricks are used for mixed masonry, with a total of 28 rings. The molten pool bricks of the ladle wall start at one side of the ear axis, and the door is at the other ear axis. The door is closed layer by layer, and the positions of the upper and lower layers of adjacent doors are staggered by a certain distance, and the upper and lower layers of bricks are staggered. When each ring of bricks is laid to the last 2-3 blocks, a steel tape measure is used to measure the size of the remaining section to determine the processing size of the door brick. If two door bricks must be processed, the two door bricks cannot be used together, and a non-processed brick must be sandwiched in the middle. The door bricks must be measured according to the width of the joint and cut on a brick cutter. If the minimum width of the door is less than 40 mm, two door bricks should be used to close the joint. S2-2-2. During the masonry process, two or more types of bricks are used for mixed masonry. There should be no obvious misalignment on the inner wall of each layer of bricks. Since bricks themselves have a certain degree of protrusion, in order to avoid the existence of triangular joints, two adjacent bricks are laid one positive and one negative. Each brick should be leveled, pressed together, and pried firmly. The gaps between the working lining and the permanent lining and between bricks should be filled with fire clay, and the brick joints should not be larger than 1.5 mm.

6. A blast furnace iron ladle masonry method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of step S3 is: S3-1. The integrally cast fetal membrane of the mouth is placed on the 28th ring brick to ensure that the gap between the steel shell and the fetal membrane is consistent; S3-2, dry mix the high-aluminum castable for 2-3 minutes, and add 6-8wt.% of water according to the performance of the castable mud; wet mix the castable for 5-8 minutes, and discharge the castable after the mud reaches the construction performance; S3-3, pour the mixed mud into the mold cavity evenly, and immediately vibrate and compact it evenly around the wall of the package with a vibrator until the surface of the material is slurry; when adding the second material, if the previous castable has not yet set, you can add the material directly; if the previous castable has already set, the surface of the previous castable should be scraped, and the above process should be repeated until the edge of the package is poured to the preset height; S3-4. When pouring the nozzle twice, the amount of water added to the casting needs to be controlled. After the casting has initial setting strength, the permanent lining membrane is pulled up a certain distance. After the casting has been cured for 24 hours and its strength meets the requirements for demoulding, the mold is completely pulled out and the nozzle construction is completed.

7. A method for building a blast furnace iron ladle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 is also included, in which the molten iron ladle is covered with a cover, which specifically includes the following steps: S4-1, a hydraulic lifting device is added in the middle of the ladle frame of the molten iron ladle, one end of the hydraulic lifting device is welded to the bottom of the ladle frame, and the other end is connected to the connecting rod of the ladle cover; S4-2, the bag cover is connected to the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is used to open and close the bag cover; S4-3. The ladle cover is made of thick iron plate. The size of the ladle cover is suitable for the size of the ladle opening of the molten iron ladle. Asbestos is fixed inside the ladle cover.

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