Dismounting method for wheel set device of low-floor vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a dismounting method for a low-floor vehicle wheel set device. The dismounting method comprises the steps that S1, a brake disc is dismounted; s2, the fastening nut and the sealing ring are disassembled; s3, a connecting bolt of the rear cover and the hollow shaft is detached; s4, the wheel gearbox assembly is dismounted from the main shaft together; s5, the outer ring of the large bearing is disassembled through the disassembling tool I; s6, the wheel small bearing and the FEY sealing ring are disassembled through a disassembling tool II; s7, the inner spacer ring, the adjusting ring and the wheel large bearing inner ring are disassembled; and S8, dismounting of the wheel set device is completed. On the basis that the original design of the wheel set device is not changed, the wheel set device is disassembled through the design of the technology and the tool, damage to parts caused by means of impact, machining damage and the like in the disassembling process can be effectively avoided, and the disassembling efficiency is improved. Effective measures and means are provided for maintenance of gear box transmission shaft seal replacement, wheel limit replacement, bearing fault abnormal noise, whole vehicle frame maintenance and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wheel set device disassembly, and in particular to a method for disassembling a wheel set device of a low-floor vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The wheels and axles of 100% low-floor urban rail vehicles are connected by two tapered roller bearings installed back to back. Due to the limitation of design space and the consideration of equal strength design, the axles and the hollow shafts on which the wheels are installed are designed to have a large diameter on one side and a small diameter on the other side. In particular, the outer ring of the wheel bearing is embedded in the groove (such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the flange (or hook) cannot be clamped on the bearing simply by the axial positioning method of the flange step surface or the simple hook structure, so the outer ring of the bearing cannot be removed from the hollow shaft of the wheel by axial force. When the wheelset device fails during use or the bearing is replaced during overhaul, the corresponding work cannot be completed, which brings great difficulties to the normal use of the vehicle.

[0003] At present, the disassembly process of the wheelset device is as follows: ① Disassemble the brake disc - ② Remove the fastening nut and sealing ring - ③ Remove the connecting bolts between the rear cover and the hollow shaft - ④ Remove the wheel gearbox assembly (including: wheel, hollow shaft, wheel large bearing outer ring, wheel small bearing, FEY sealing ring bracket) from the main shaft - ⑤ Remove the large bearing outer ring - ⑥ Remove the wheel small bearing and FEY sealing ring - ⑦ Remove the inner spacer ring, adjustment ring, wheel large bearing inner ring and other parts on the main shaft - ⑧ Complete the disassembly.

[0004] Among them, in step ④, more parts are removed from the main shaft at one time, and the axial force is relatively large. If a copper hammer is used to hit the inner end face of the wheel, on the one hand, the bearing is easily subjected to lateral impact, resulting in bearing damage, and on the other hand, it is easy to cause violent disassembly and damage the wheel;

[0005] Due to the structure of the hollow shaft and space limitations, the outer rings of the small and large bearings in the fifth and sixth processes have an interference fit with the hollow shaft, and there is a lack of means to remove them, resulting in the inability to remove the hollow shafts of the wheels and gears. Figure 2 It can be seen that a tool or a tool is needed to remove the outer ring of the large bearing, enter the hollow shaft from the side of the large bearing, and remove the 1mm protrusion (such as Figure 3As shown in the figure, the tooling is used to clamp the large bearing, and then the outer ring of the bearing is removed from the hollow shaft from the direction of the large bearing seat by axial force. There are two difficulties here. First, when the tooling passes through the outer ring of the bearing and reaches the back of the bearing, it needs to be reduced in diameter as a whole. After passing through the outer ring of the bearing, it can also be enlarged in the diameter direction. Second, the height of the protrusion where the bearing and the hollow shaft are in contact is particularly small. The tooling needs to have enough contact area with the bearing to avoid damage to the bearing due to too small contact area. If the above two difficulties are met, the edge thickness of the tooling cannot be too large, so the hardness of the edge of the tooling must be sufficient to avoid damage to the workpiece too quickly after repeated use.

[0006] The wheelset device of low-floor urban rail vehicles is a new structure that has appeared in recent years. Due to the requirements of the floor height, the design structure of the bogie wheelset device is relatively complex, the space between the parts is small, and the difficulty of disassembly is relatively large. However, according to the vehicle design specifications, the wheelset device needs to be disassembled every 2.5 years, the sealing ring of the gearbox drive shaft is replaced, and the large and small bearings of the wheelset device are greased. After 5 years of use, the wheelset bearings need to be completely disassembled and tested or updated.

[0007] It is precisely because of the difficulty in disassembling the wheelset that the normal maintenance plan of the vehicle is difficult to implement. As a result, a series of secondary quality problems such as gearbox seal failure and bearing noise occur. Therefore, it is very important to develop an effective wheelset disassembly solution. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for disassembling a wheelset device of a low-floor vehicle, which enables disassembly of the wheelset device through the design of process and tooling without changing the original structural design of the wheelset device.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0010] A method for disassembling a low-floor vehicle wheelset device proposed by the present invention specifically comprises the following steps:

[0011] S1. Disassemble the brake disc;

[0012] S2. Remove the fastening nut and sealing ring;

[0013] S3. Remove the connecting bolts between the rear cover and the hollow shaft;

[0014] S4. Remove the wheel gearbox assembly from the main shaft;

[0015] S5. Disassemble the outer ring of the large bearing by using the disassembly tool I;

[0016] S6. Remove the small wheel bearing and FEY sealing ring bracket by using the disassembly tool II;

[0017] S7. Remove the inner spacer ring, adjusting ring, and inner ring of the wheel large bearing;

[0018] S8. Complete the disassembly of the wheelset device.

[0019] Furthermore, the step S1 specifically includes: sequentially disassembling the connecting bolts between the brake disc and the hollow shaft transition disc, and the bolts between the hollow shaft transition disc and the hollow shaft, so as to remove the brake disc and its components.

[0020] Furthermore, the step S2 specifically includes: removing the anti-loosening bolt and gasket on the fastening nut to make the fastening nut free and remove the fastening nut; using needle-nosed pliers to remove the flat key between the sealing ring and the main shaft, thereby removing the sealing ring and the seal thereon.

[0021] Furthermore, step S3 specifically includes: lifting the wheel gear box assembly with a wheel hoist, installing four double-headed screws on the outer end surface of the hollow shaft of the gear box, installing a support plate between the outer ends of the double-headed screws, installing a hydraulic cylinder I between the support plate and the main shaft, starting the hydraulic pump to extend the hydraulic cylinder I, and moving the wheel gear box axially relative to the main shaft, thereby removing the wheel gear box assembly.

[0022] Furthermore, the disassembly tool I includes a disassembly ring I, a stop ring II, a hydraulic cylinder II, a hydraulic cylinder base and a threaded screw I; wherein, the disassembly ring I is composed of a single piece of disassembly ring I which is evenly divided into three petals, the outer edge of the single piece of disassembly ring I is made into a sharp angle matching the hollow shaft, one end of the single piece of disassembly ring I in the circumferential direction is processed with a left-handed screw hole, the other end is processed with a right-handed screw hole, and the end face is processed with a threaded hole.

[0023] Furthermore, the step S5 specifically includes: assembling and connecting the ends of the three-petal disassembly ring I in the circumferential direction respectively by means of studs; inserting the assembled disassembly ring I into the gap between the hollow shaft and the outer ring of the large bearing, fixing the disassembly ring I by means of a stop ring I, installing the hydraulic cylinder base on the end face of the wheel, inserting the threaded screw I through the center holes of the hydraulic cylinder base, the hydraulic cylinder II and the stop ring I, installing nuts at the upper and lower ends of the threaded screw I to clamp the above components, and then starting the hydraulic pump to stretch the hydraulic cylinder II, and during the stretching process, the threaded screw I drives the outer ring of the large bearing to remove the large bearing.

[0024] Furthermore, the disassembly tool II includes a disassembly ring II, a stop ring II, a double-headed stud, a cover plate, a hydraulic cylinder III and a threaded screw II; wherein the structure of the disassembly ring II is similar to the disassembly ring I of the outer ring of the large bearing, but the outer edge of the single piece of the disassembly ring II matches the shoulder behind the small bearing.

[0025] Furthermore, step S6 specifically includes: inserting the disassembly ring II into the gap between the hollow shaft and the outer ring of the small bearing, fixing the disassembly ring II by the stop ring II, installing the studs on the end faces of the outer side of the hollow shaft, and connecting the outer ends of the studs with a cover plate, inserting the threaded screw II through the center holes of the stop ring II, the cover plate and the hydraulic cylinder III, installing nuts at the upper and lower ends of the threaded screw II to clamp the above components, and then starting the hydraulic pump to stretch the hydraulic cylinder III. During the stretching process, the threaded screw II drives the outer ring of the small bearing to remove the small bearing.

[0026] Furthermore, the step S7 specifically includes: manually removing the inner spacer ring, the adjustment ring and the rear cover, using a three-claw bearing disassembly puller to hook the rear sealing cover, the center of the puller is pressed against the main shaft through the cover plate, and then the rear sealing cover, the adjustment pad, and the inner ring of the large bearing are removed from the main shaft together.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The present invention can realize the disassembly of the wheelset device through the design of process and tooling without changing the original structural design of the wheelset device, avoiding the damage of parts caused by impact and processing damage during the disassembly process, and provides effective process measures and means for the inspection and maintenance of gearbox transmission shaft seal replacement, wheel limit replacement, bearing failure abnormal noise, vehicle frame repair, etc. On the one hand, it reduces the manufacturing cost and R&D cost caused by redesign and improvement; on the other hand, it can improve production efficiency and reduce production cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an existing wheelset device;

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the bearing assembly structure on the hollow shaft of the middle wheel;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure in;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of disassembling the wheel gearbox assembly in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the large bearing outer ring disassembly tool in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure in;

[0035] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of removing ring parts for large bearing;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the parts of the large bearing stop ring;

[0037] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the tooling for disassembling the outer ring of a small bearing;

[0038] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure in;

[0039] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of removing ring parts for small bearing;

[0040] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the small bearing disassembly ring adjustment process.

[0041] Among them, the figure markings are: 1-double-headed screw; 2-support plate; 3-hydraulic cylinder I; 4-disassembly ring I; 5-stop ring II; 6-hydraulic cylinder II; 7-hydraulic cylinder base; 8-threaded screw I; 9-disassembly ring II; 10-stop ring II; 11-double-headed stud; 12-cover plate; 13-hydraulic cylinder III; 14-threaded screw II; 15-wheel; 16-hollow shaft; 17-spindle; 18-brake disc; 19-large bearing; 20-small bearing; 21-gear box; 22-rear cover; 23-rear sealing cover; 24-adjusting pad; 25-inner spacer ring; 26-adjusting ring; 27-FEY sealing ring bracket; 28-sealing ring; 29-fastening nut; 30-large nut; 31-double-headed stud; 32-bolt; 33-small nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0043] See attached Figure 1-12 The present invention provides a method for disassembling a low-floor vehicle wheel set device, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0044] S1. Disassembling the brake disc 18: disassembling the bolts connecting the brake disc 18 and the hollow shaft transition disc, and the bolts between the hollow shaft transition disc and the hollow shaft 16, thereby removing the brake disc 18 and its components.

[0045] S2. Disassemble the fastening nut 29 and the sealing ring 28: Remove the anti-loosening bolts and washers on the fastening nut 29 to make the fastening nut 29 free, thereby removing the fastening nut 29; use needle-nosed pliers to remove the flat key between the sealing ring 28 and the main shaft 17, thereby removing the sealing ring 28 and the seal thereon.

[0046] S3, remove the connecting bolts between the rear cover 22 and the hollow shaft 16.

[0047] S4. Remove the wheel gearbox assembly from the main shaft: Use a wheel hoist to hang the wheel gearbox assembly, install four stud screws 1 on the outer end surface of the hollow shaft 16, install a support plate 2 on the stud screws, install a hydraulic cylinder I3 between the support plate 2 and the main shaft, turn on the hydraulic pump to extend the hydraulic cylinder I3, so that the wheel gearbox 21 moves axially relative to the main shaft 17, and remove the wheel gearbox assembly.

[0048] S5. Disassemble the outer ring of the large bearing by using the disassembly tool I;

[0049] Among them, the disassembly tool I includes a disassembly ring I4, a stop ring I5, a hydraulic cylinder II6, a hydraulic cylinder base 7 and a threaded screw I8; wherein, the disassembly ring I4 is composed of a disassembly ring I single piece which is evenly divided into three petals, the outer edge of the disassembly ring I single piece is made into a sharp angle matching the hollow shaft, one end of the disassembly ring I single piece in the circumferential direction is processed with a left-handed screw hole, the other end is processed with a right-handed screw hole, and the end face is processed with a threaded hole.

[0050] When disassembling, place the wheel gearbox assembly horizontally with the large end facing upwards. Fig.12 The disassembly ring I is assembled and connected to each other through studs 31 at the ends of the three-petal disassembly ring I in the circumferential direction; the studs 31 are rotated synchronously. Since the studs 31 are left-handed at one end and right-handed at the other end, the disassembly ring I will gather and disperse with the rotation of the studs 31. Fig.12Adjust the disassembly ring according to the state, first make the disassembly ring I4 reach the minimum diameter; pass the disassembly ring I4 through the outer ring of the large bearing from the large end, rotate the stud in the opposite direction to increase the diameter of the disassembly ring I4, and insert the sharp corner of the outer edge of the disassembly ring I4 into the angle between the outer ring of the large bearing and the hollow shaft, and tighten the stud 31 evenly to make the disassembly ring I inserted as deep as possible into the angle. Since the disassembly ring I4 is close to a circle, the contact area between its edge and the large bearing is as large as possible, reducing the damage caused by excessive local force on the bearing during the disassembly process due to the small contact area. Install the disassembly ring I4 on the outside of the disassembly ring I4, and the stop ring I5 fixes the disassembly ring I4 again, so that the disassembly ring I4 cannot move radially; at the same time, the stop ring I5 can make the end face of the disassembly ring I4 close to each other during the tightening process, ensuring that the stop ring I5 is on the same plane to avoid uneven force during disassembly; finally, the threaded hole of the stop ring I5 and the disassembly ring I4 mounting bolts is designed in the center of the disassembly ring I4, which is also to ensure that the disassembly ring I4 is more evenly stressed and reduce the possibility of unhooking and damage to the disassembly bearing. Install the hydraulic cylinder II6 to the end face of the wheel through the hydraulic cylinder base 7, use the threaded screw I8 to pass the stop ring I5, the hydraulic cylinder base 7, and the hydraulic cylinder II6 from the center, and install and tighten the large nut 30 at both ends of the threaded screw I8, turn on the hydraulic pump to extend the hydraulic cylinder II6, and then remove the large bearing outer ring and the large bearing 19.

[0051] S6, disassembling the small wheel bearing 20 and the FEY sealing ring bracket 27;

[0052] Among them, the disassembly tool II includes a disassembly ring II9, a stop ring II10, a double-headed stud 11, a cover plate 12, a hydraulic cylinder III13 and a threaded screw II14; wherein, the structure of the disassembly ring II9 is ​​similar to the disassembly ring I4 of the outer ring of the large bearing, but the outer edge of the single piece of the disassembly ring II9 matches the shoulder behind the small bearing 20.

[0053] Similar to removing the wheel large bearing 19, place the wheel gearbox assembly horizontally with the small end facing upwards, and press Fig.12 Assemble the disassembly ring II; synchronously rotate the stud 31. Since the stud 31 is a structure with one end rotating to the left and the other end rotating to the right, the disassembly ring II will gather and disperse with the rotation of the stud 31. Fig.12Adjust the disassembly ring II9 to its state, first make the disassembly ring II9 reach the minimum diameter; pass the disassembly ring II9 from the small end through the outer ring of the small bearing, reversely rotate the stud 31 to increase the diameter of the disassembly ring II9, and insert the outer edge of the disassembly ring II9 into the gap between the outer ring of the small bearing and the hollow shaft, evenly tighten the stud 31 to make the outer edge of the disassembly ring II9 close to the hollow shaft, then reversely rotate the stud 31 half a circle again to make an appropriate gap between the disassembly ring II9 and the hollow shaft to avoid friction during disassembly. A stop ring II10 is installed on the outside of the disassembly ring II9. The stop ring II10 fixes the disassembly ring II9 again and prevents the disassembly ring II9 from moving radially. At the same time, the stop ring II10 can make the end face of the disassembly ring II9 abut during the tightening process, ensuring that the stop ring II10 is on the same plane to avoid uneven force during disassembly. Finally, the threaded holes of the installation bolts of the stop ring II10 and the disassembly ring II9 are designed at the center of the stop ring II10 to ensure that the disassembly ring II9 is ​​subjected to more uniform force and reduce the possibility of unhooking and damage to the disassembly bearing. Install four studs 11 to the outer end surface of the hollow shaft, install the cover plate 12 between the outer ends of the studs 11, and install the hydraulic cylinder III13 on the outer end surface of the cover plate 12; pass the threaded screw II14 through the center of the stop ring II10, the cover plate 12, and the hydraulic cylinder III13, and install and tighten large nuts at both ends of the threaded screw II14, turn on the hydraulic pump to extend the hydraulic cylinder III13, and thereby remove the small bearing outer ring and the small bearing 20.

[0054] S7. Remove the parts on the main shaft 17, such as the inner spacer ring 25, the adjusting ring 26, and the inner ring of the large wheel bearing: Manually remove the inner spacer ring 25, the adjusting ring 26, and the rear cover 22, and use a three-claw bearing removal puller to hook the rear sealing cover 23. The center of the puller is pressed against the main shaft 17 through the cover plate, and then remove the rear sealing cover 23, the adjusting pad 24, and the inner ring of the large bearing from the main shaft 17 together.

[0055] S8. Complete the disassembly of the wheelset device through the above steps.

[0056] The present invention achieves corresponding technical effects based on reference method, combination method and creation method. It draws on the clamping and reducing principle of the three-jaw chuck of the machine tool, draws on the pulling principle of the hydraulic puller for bearing disassembly, combines the product structure and characteristics of the low-floor wheelset gearbox, and finally realizes the non-destructive and efficient disassembly of the wheelset device through combination method and creation method.

[0057] Matters not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies.

[0058] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred implementation modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for disassembling a wheelset device of a low-floor vehicle, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Disassemble the brake disc; S2. Remove the fastening nut and sealing ring; S3. Remove the connecting bolts between the rear cover and the hollow shaft; S4. Remove the wheel gearbox assembly from the main shaft; S5. Disassemble the outer ring of the large bearing by using the disassembly tool I; S6. Remove the small wheel bearing and FEY sealing ring bracket by using the disassembly tool II; S7. Remove the inner spacer ring, adjusting ring, and inner ring of the wheel large bearing; S8. Complete the disassembly of the wheelset device.

2. A method for disassembling a low-floor vehicle wheelset device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 specifically includes: dismantling the connecting bolts between the brake disc and the hollow shaft transition disc, and the bolts between the hollow shaft transition disc and the hollow shaft in sequence, thereby removing the brake disc and its components.

3. The method for disassembling a low-floor vehicle wheelset device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 specifically includes: removing the anti-loosening bolt and gasket on the fastening nut to make the fastening nut free and remove the fastening nut; using needle-nosed pliers to remove the flat key between the sealing ring and the main shaft, thereby removing the sealing ring and the seal thereon.

4. A method for disassembling a low-floor vehicle wheelset device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S3 specifically includes: using a wheel hoist to lift the wheel gear box assembly, installing four double-headed screws on the outer end surface of the hollow shaft of the gear box, installing a support plate between the outer ends of the double-headed screws, installing a hydraulic cylinder I between the support plate and the main shaft, starting the hydraulic pump to extend the hydraulic cylinder I, and moving the wheel gear box axially relative to the main shaft, thereby removing the wheel gear box assembly.

5. The method for disassembling a low-floor vehicle wheelset device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disassembly tool I comprises a disassembly ring I, a stop ring II, a hydraulic cylinder II, a hydraulic cylinder base and a threaded screw I; wherein, the disassembly ring I is composed of a single piece of disassembly ring I which is evenly divided into three petals, the outer edge of the single piece of disassembly ring I is made into a sharp angle matching the hollow shaft, one end of the single piece of disassembly ring I in the circumferential direction is processed with a left-handed screw hole, the other end is processed with a right-handed screw hole, and the end face is processed with a threaded hole.

6. A method for disassembling a low-floor vehicle wheelset device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step S5 specifically includes: assembling and connecting the ends of the three-petal disassembly ring I in the circumferential direction respectively by studs; inserting the assembled disassembly ring I into the gap between the hollow shaft and the outer ring of the large bearing, fixing the disassembly ring I by the stop ring I, installing the hydraulic cylinder base on the end face of the wheel, inserting the threaded screw I through the center holes of the hydraulic cylinder base, hydraulic cylinder II and stop ring I, installing nuts at the upper and lower ends of the threaded screw I to clamp the above components, and then starting the hydraulic pump to stretch the hydraulic cylinder II. During the stretching process, the threaded screw I drives the outer ring of the large bearing to remove the large bearing.

7. The method for disassembling a low-floor vehicle wheelset device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disassembly tool II includes a disassembly ring II, a stop ring II, a double-headed stud, a cover plate, a hydraulic cylinder III and a threaded screw II; wherein the structure of the disassembly ring II is similar to the disassembly ring I of the outer ring of the large bearing, but the outer edge of the single piece of the disassembly ring II matches the shoulder behind the small bearing.

8. The method for disassembling a low-floor vehicle wheelset device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step S6 specifically includes: inserting the disassembly ring II into the gap between the hollow shaft and the outer ring of the small bearing, fixing the disassembly ring II by the stop ring II, installing the studs on the end faces of the outer side of the hollow shaft respectively, and connecting the outer ends of the studs with a cover plate, inserting the threaded screw II through the center holes of the stop ring II, the cover plate and the hydraulic cylinder III, installing nuts at the upper and lower ends of the threaded screw II to clamp the above components, and then starting the hydraulic pump to stretch the hydraulic cylinder III. During the stretching process, the threaded screw II drives the outer ring of the small bearing to remove the small bearing.

9. The method for disassembling a low-floor vehicle wheelset device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S7 specifically includes: manually removing the inner spacer ring, the adjusting ring and the rear cover, using the three-claw bearing disassembly puller to hook the rear sealing cover, the center of the puller is supported on the main shaft through the cover plate, and then the rear sealing cover, the adjusting pad and the inner ring of the large bearing are removed from the main shaft together.

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