Deformable wing
The multi-mode conversion of the deformed wings is achieved through the double-layer folding mechanism, which solves the problem that the wings cannot adjust their size and shape as needed in the prior art, and achieves a more flexible flight attitude and a smaller footprint.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411743531.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-07
AI Technical Summary
The existing deformation wing technology can only change back and forth in one mode, and cannot adjust the size and shape according to actual needs.
The double-layer folding mechanism is adopted to realize the conversion between the folding form and the spreading form through a single drive, and perform plane movement in the plane, realizing three movement modes: sweep, stretching length and changing wing bend.
A better attitude of the wing under different circumstances is achieved, the size and shape can be changed according to the flight status, and the wing size is reduced during shutdown to reduce the aircraft's occupancy area.
Smart Images
Figure CN119389422A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a deformable wing, belonging to the technical field of mechanism application, and in particular to a technology of applying a spatial multi-mode double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism to a wing. Background Art
[0002] The morphing wing technology originated from the imitation of bird flight. After more than a century of development, it has become a cutting-edge technology in the aviation field. It aims to improve flight efficiency and performance by changing the shape of the wing to adapt to different flight conditions. Key technologies include optimized design, structural innovation, aerodynamic research, advanced control technology and the integration of new engine technology.
[0003] In the military field, morphing wing technology can significantly improve the multi-tasking capability and combat effectiveness of aircraft, bringing changes to modern warfare. In civil aviation, this technology is expected to reduce fuel consumption, emissions and noise, and improve passenger comfort and flight efficiency.
[0004] In addition, the principles and application potential of morphing wing technology also extend to fields such as robotics and architecture, bringing innovation and improvement to these industries. As morphing wing technology becomes more mature, its widespread application will have a profound impact on the development of the aviation industry and even the entire industrial sector. In the future, we have reason to expect morphing wing technology to bring more surprises and changes to human society. The existing morphing wings change back and forth in one mode, while the present invention can achieve conversion between three modes. Summary of the invention
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism with multiple deformation modes, which can realize the conversion of the mechanism between the folded form and the unfolded form and the planar motion of the mechanism within a plane through a single drive, thereby solving the technical problem in the prior art that the size and shape of the wings of an aircraft cannot be adjusted according to actual needs.
[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a deformable wing, which can simply switch between three movement modes of variable span, variable wing bend and variable sweep, and can obtain a better posture in different situations to achieve the purpose of flight.
[0007] The embodiment of the present invention provides a deformable wing, the shape change of the wing completely depends on the movement of the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism. The double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism can increase the rigidity of the wing without changing the freedom degree of the wing.
[0008] An embodiment of the present invention provides a deformable wing, wherein the first column of the first layer of the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism has four space 6R mechanisms combined, the second column has three space 6R mechanisms combined, and the third column has two space 6R mechanisms combined.
[0009] The embodiment of the present invention provides a deformable wing, wherein the mechanism of the second layer of the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism is completely the same as the mechanism of the first layer. The first row of the first layer and the second layer is one end fixedly connected to the body.
[0010] The embodiment of the present invention provides a deformable wing, wherein the connection mechanism in the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism is composed of a rod and two revolute pairs, so that the deformable wing has a single degree of freedom while connecting the first layer and the second layer. The connection mechanisms I, II, III and IV in the double-layer mechanism are respectively located on the right side of L1, L2, L3 and L4; the connection mechanisms V, VI and VII are respectively located on the right side of L5, L6 and L7; and the connection mechanisms VIII and IX are respectively located on the right side of L8 and L9.
[0011] An embodiment of the present invention provides a deformable wing, and there is a critical state between the wing variable sweep, variable span and variable wing bend modes, at which time the space 6R mechanism becomes a rectangle.
[0012] An embodiment of the present invention provides a deformable wing, wherein the lengths of connecting rods I and IV of a single space 6R mechanism in a double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism are equal; and the lengths of connecting rods II, III, V and VI are equal.
[0013] The embodiment of the present invention provides a deformable wing, and there are two types of space 6R mechanisms in the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism. The axes of the left and right rotation pairs of the first type of space 6R mechanism, the connecting rod I and the connecting rod IV, are parallel; the axis angle of the left and right rotation pairs of the connecting rod II and the connecting rod V of the space 6R mechanism is 10°; the axis angle of the left and right rotation pairs of the connecting rod III and the connecting rod VI of the space 6R mechanism is -10°. The second type of space 6R mechanism is to exchange the position of the V rod and the VI rod relative to the first type of space 6R mechanism. The first type of space 6R mechanism has L1, L2, L3, L5, L6, L7 and L8. The second type of space 6R mechanism has L4 and L9.
[0014] The embodiment of the present invention provides a deformable wing, in which the axes of the revolving pair 3 and the revolving pair 6 of the first type of space 6R mechanism of the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism have an intersection in space. When the wing is changing its span, the connecting rods I, II and VI of the first type of space 6R deployable mechanism are in the same plane, and the connecting rods III, IV and V are in another plane; and these two planes are symmetrical about the plane where the axes of the revolving pair 3 and the revolving pair 6 are located. The axes of the revolving pair 3 and the revolving pair 6 of the second type of space 6R mechanism remain parallel in space, and the above two planes are also symmetrical about the plane where the axes of the revolving pair 3 and the revolving pair 6 are located.
[0015] The embodiment of the present invention provides a deformable wing, in which the spatial 6R mechanism is transformed into a planar four-bar mechanism when the sweep angle is changed, and the revolute joint 3 and the revolute joint 6 are invalid. At this time, the axes of the connecting rods II and III are collinear, and the axes of the connecting rods V and VI are collinear.
[0016] The embodiment of the present invention provides a deformable wing, wherein both ends of each rotating shaft in the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism are provided with anti-dropping parts to prevent the rotating shaft from falling off during the rotation process.
[0017] The embodiment of the present invention provides a novel multi-mode deformable wing. When the size or shape needs to be changed, the movement of the driving rod group is controlled by a single drive, so that the wing can move in its own length direction to change the wing span; the wing can make a planar movement in a plane to change the wing sweep angle, so that the wing can change its size and shape according to the flight state of the aircraft, and when the aircraft is parked, the area occupied by the aircraft can be reduced by reducing the size of the wing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:
[0019] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a novel deformable wing of the present invention when the sweep is changed.
[0020] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the side structure of a novel deformable wing of the present invention when the span and the wing bend are changed.
[0021] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a novel deformable wing with variable span and variable wing bend.
[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a novel deformable wing of the present invention when it is unfolded.
[0023] In the figure: 1-the first layer mechanism, 2-the second layer mechanism, 101-L1L2L3L4 lower common rod, 102-L1L2L3L4 upper common rod, 103-L5L6L7 upper common rod, 104-L8L9 upper common rod, 105-L1L5 common rod, 106-L2L6 common rod, 107-L5L8 common rod, 108-L7L8 common rod, 109-L3L7 common rod, 201-connection mechanism I, 202-connection mechanism II, 203-L1L5 common rod, 106-L2L6 common rod, 107-L5L8 common rod, 108-L7L8 common rod, 109-L3L7 common rod, 201-connection mechanism I, 202-connection mechanism II, 203 -connecting mechanism III, 204-connecting mechanism IV, 205-connecting mechanism V, 206-connecting mechanism VI, 207-connecting mechanism VII, 208-connecting mechanism VIII, 209-connecting mechanism IX, 301-connecting rod I, 302-connecting rod II, 303-connecting rod III, 304-connecting rod IV, 305-connecting rod V, 306-connecting rod VI, 401-revolving pair I, 402-revolving pair II, 403-revolving pair III, 404-revolving pair IV, 405-revolving pair V, 406-revolving pair VI. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is specifically described in the following embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, a deformable wing has a main body of a double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism, including a first-layer mechanism (1) and a second-layer mechanism (2); the mechanism is formed by coupling and networking 18 spatial 6R mechanisms and 9 connecting mechanisms.
[0026] Specifically, the first column of the first layer mechanism (1) of the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism has four spatial 6R mechanisms (L1, L2, L3, L4) combined, the second column has three spatial 6R mechanisms (L5, L6, L7) combined, and the third column has two spatial 6R mechanisms (L8, L9) combined. Figure 3 shown.
[0027] The novel deformable wing has a double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism, the mechanism (2) of the second layer is exactly the same as the mechanism (1) of the first layer. The first column of the mechanism (2) of the second layer of the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism has four spatial 6R mechanisms combined, the second column has three spatial 6R mechanisms combined, and the third column has two spatial 6R mechanisms combined; the first column of the first layer mechanism (1) and the second layer mechanism (2) are both fixedly connected to one end of the fuselage.
[0028] The shape change of the novel shape-changing wing is completely dependent on the movement of the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism, which can increase the rigidity of the wing without changing the freedom of the wing.
[0029] The novel deformable wing has a critical state between its variable sweep, variable span and variable wing bending modes, at which time the space 6R structure becomes a rectangle.
[0030] The novel deformable wing has a connecting mechanism in a double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism composed of a rod and two revolute pairs, so that the deformable wing has a single degree of freedom while connecting the first layer mechanism and the second layer mechanism. Specifically, the connecting mechanism I (201), the connecting mechanism II (202), the connecting mechanism III (203) and the connecting mechanism IV (204) in the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism are respectively located on the upper side of the space 6R mechanism L1, the space 6R mechanism L2, the space 6R mechanism L3 and the space 6R mechanism L4; the connecting mechanism V (205), the connecting mechanism VI (206) and the connecting mechanism VII (207) are respectively located on the upper side of the space 6R mechanism L5, the space 6R mechanism L6 and the space 6R mechanism L7; the connecting mechanism VIII (208) and the connecting mechanism IX (209) are respectively located on the upper side of the space 6R mechanism L8 and the space 6R mechanism L9.
[0031] In order to realize a single degree of freedom, for the single-layer mechanism, the I rod of the space 6R mechanism L1, the space 6R mechanism L2, the space 6R mechanism L3 and the space 6R mechanism L4 is rod A101, which is the same rod. The IV rod of the space 6R mechanism L1, the space 6R mechanism L2, the space 6R mechanism L3 and the space 6R mechanism L4 is rod B102, which is the same rod. The IV rod of the space 6R mechanism L5, the space 6R mechanism L6 and the space 6R mechanism L7 is rod C103, which is the same rod. The IV rod of the space 6R mechanism L8 and the space 6R mechanism L9 is rod D104, which is the same rod. The V rod of the space 6R mechanism L1 and the II rod of the space 6R mechanism L5 are rod E105, which is the same rod. The V rod of the space 6R mechanism L2 and the VI rod of the space 6R mechanism L5 are rod F106, which is the same rod. The V rod of the space 6R mechanism L5 and the II rod of the space 6R mechanism L8 are rod G107, which are the same rod. The V rod of the space 6R mechanism L6 and the II rod of the space 6R mechanism L9 are rod H108, which are the same rod. The V rod of the space 6R mechanism L3 and the II rod of the space 6R mechanism L7 are rod I109, which are the same rod. Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown.
[0032] In the novel morphing wing, the connecting rod I (301) and the connecting rod IV (304) of the single space 6R mechanism in the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism are equal in length; the connecting rod II (302), the connecting rod III (303), the connecting rod V (305) and the connecting rod VI (306) are equal in length. Figure 1 shown.
[0033] The described new type of deformable wing has two types of space 6R mechanisms in the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism. The axes of the left and right rotation pairs of the first type of space 6R mechanism, the connecting rod I (301) and the connecting rod IV (304), are parallel; the angle between the axes of the left and right rotation pairs of the connecting rod II (302) and the connecting rod V (305) of the space 6R mechanism is 10°; the angle between the axes of the left and right rotation pairs of the connecting rod III (303) and the connecting rod VI (306) of the space 6R mechanism is -10°. The second type of space 6R mechanism is relative to the first type of space 6R mechanism by exchanging the positions of the connecting rod V (305) and the connecting rod VI (306). The first type of space 6R mechanism includes space 6R mechanism L1, space 6R mechanism L2, space 6R mechanism L3, space 6R mechanism L5, space 6R mechanism L6, space 6R mechanism L7 and space 6R mechanism L8. The second type of space 6R mechanism includes space 6R mechanism L4 and space 6R mechanism L9. Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown.
[0034] Specifically, the rotation pair includes a rotation pair I (401), a rotation pair II (402), a rotation pair III (403), a rotation pair IV (404), a rotation pair V (405) and a rotation pair VI (406); the rotation pair I (401) is arranged at the corner of the space 6R mechanism; the rotation pair II (402) is arranged at the lateral connection of the horizontally adjacent space 6R mechanisms; the rotation pair III (403) and the rotation pair VI (406) are arranged at the vertical connection of the adjacent space 6R mechanisms, and the rotation pair III (403) and the rotation pair VI (406) are symmetrically arranged in parallel; the rotation pair IV (404) is arranged at the cross intersection of four space 6R mechanisms; the rotation pair V (405) is arranged at the vertical connection of two adjacent space 6R mechanisms.
[0035] The axes of the rotation pair III (403) and the rotation pair VI (406) of the first type of space 6R mechanism of the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism of the new type of deformable wing have an intersection in space. When the wing is changing its length, the connecting rods I (301), II (302) and VI (306) of the first type of space 6R deployable mechanism are in the same plane, and the connecting rods III (303), IV (304) and V (305) are in another plane; and these two planes are symmetrical about the plane where the axes of the rotation pair III (403) and the rotation pair VI (406) are located. The axes of the rotation pair III (403) and the rotation pair VI (406) of the second type of space 6R mechanism remain parallel in space; such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 For the entire mechanism, when the length is changed, all crossbars are parallel to each other, 6R mechanism L1, 6R mechanism L3, 6R mechanism L5, 6R mechanism L7 and 6R mechanism L8 remain the same, 6R mechanism L2 and 6R mechanism L6 remain the same, and 6R mechanism L4 and 6R mechanism L9 remain the same.
[0036] The novel deformable wing has a spatial 6R mechanism that changes into a planar four-bar mechanism when the sweep angle is changed, and the revolute joint III403 and the revolute joint VI406 become invalid. At this time, the axes of the connecting rods II302 and III303 are collinear, and the axes of the connecting rods V (305) and VI (306) are collinear. Because the connecting rods 105, 106, 107, 108, and 109 all participate in the movement of the four 6R single rings, when the sweep angle is changed, all the vertical rods are parallel to each other, and all the horizontal rods are parallel to each other. Figure 1 shown.
[0037] The novel deformable wing has a folding and unfolding mechanism with a degree of freedom of 1 due to the coupling of connecting rods 105, 106, 107, 108 and 109, but can have multiple motion modes.
[0038] The novel shape-changing wing can change its size and shape according to the flight status of the aircraft, and can reduce the occupied area of the aircraft by reducing the size of the wing when the aircraft is parked.
Claims
1. A deformable wing, characterized in that: The main body of the deformable wing is a double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism, including a first-layer mechanism (1) and a second-layer mechanism (2); the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism is formed by coupling and networking eighteen spatial 6R mechanisms and nine connection mechanisms; The first column of the first layer mechanism (1) of the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism has four spatial 6R mechanisms (L1, L2, L3, L4) combined, the second column has three spatial 6R mechanisms (L5, L6, L7) combined, and the third column has two spatial 6R mechanisms (L8, L9) combined; The mechanism (2) of the second layer of the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism is exactly the same as the mechanism (1) of the first layer; the first column of the mechanism (2) of the second layer of the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism has four spatial 6R mechanisms combined, the second column has three spatial 6R mechanisms combined, and the third column has two spatial 6R mechanisms combined; the first column of the first layer mechanism (1) and the second layer mechanism (2) are both fixedly connected to one end of the machine body.
2. A deformable wing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape change of the deformable wing depends on the movement of the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism.
3. A deformable wing according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a critical state between the wing sweep, span and wing bend modes of the deformable wing, at which time the space 6R structure becomes a rectangle.
4. A deformable wing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism in the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism is composed of a rod and two revolute pairs, so that the deformable wing has a single degree of freedom while connecting the first layer mechanism and the second layer mechanism; the connecting mechanism I (201), the connecting mechanism II (202), the connecting mechanism III (203) and the connecting mechanism IV (204) in the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism are respectively located on the upper side of the space 6R mechanism L1, the space 6R mechanism L2, the space 6R mechanism L3 and the space 6R mechanism L4; the connecting mechanism V (205), the connecting mechanism VI (206) and the connecting mechanism VII (207) are respectively located on the upper side of the space 6R mechanism L5, the space 6R mechanism L6 and the space 6R mechanism L7; the connecting mechanism VIII (208) and the connecting mechanism IX (209) are respectively located on the upper side of the space 6R mechanism L8 and the space 6R mechanism L9.
5. A deformable wing according to claim 4, characterized in that: For a single-layer mechanism, the first rod of the spatial 6R mechanism L1, the spatial 6R mechanism L2, the spatial 6R mechanism L3 and the spatial 6R mechanism L4 is rod A (101), which is the same rod; the fourth rod of the spatial 6R mechanism L1, the spatial 6R mechanism L2, the spatial 6R mechanism L3 and the spatial 6R mechanism L4 is rod B (102), which is the same rod; the fourth rod of the spatial 6R mechanism L5, the spatial 6R mechanism L6 and the spatial 6R mechanism L7 is rod C (103), which is the same rod; the fourth rod of the spatial 6R mechanism L8 and the spatial 6R mechanism L9 is rod D (104), which is the same rod. rod; the V rod of the spatial 6R mechanism L1 and the II rod of the spatial 6R mechanism L5 are rod E (105), which are the same rod; the V rod of the spatial 6R mechanism L2 and the VI rod of the spatial 6R mechanism L5 are rod F (106), which are the same rod; the V rod of the spatial 6R mechanism L5 and the II rod of the spatial 6R mechanism L8 are rod G (107), which are the same rod; the V rod of the spatial 6R mechanism L6 and the II rod of the spatial 6R mechanism L9 are rod H (108), which are the same rod; the V rod of the spatial 6R mechanism L3 and the II rod of the spatial 6R mechanism L7 are rod I (109), which are the same rod.
6. A deformable wing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lengths of the connecting rods I (301) and IV (304) of a single spatial 6R mechanism in the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism are equal; the lengths of the connecting rods II (302), III (303), V (305) and VI (306) are equal.
7. A deformable wing according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are two types of spatial 6R mechanisms in the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism; the axes of the left and right rotation pairs of the connecting rod I (301) and the connecting rod IV (304) of the first type of spatial 6R mechanism are parallel; the angle between the axes of the left and right rotation pairs of the connecting rod II (302) and the connecting rod V (305) of the spatial 6R mechanism is 10°; the angle between the axes of the left and right rotation pairs of the connecting rod III (303) and the connecting rod VI (306) of the spatial 6R mechanism is -10°; the second type of spatial 6R mechanism is relative to the first type of spatial 6R mechanism by exchanging the positions of the connecting rod V (305) and the connecting rod VI (306); the first type of spatial 6R mechanism includes spatial 6R mechanism L1, spatial 6R mechanism L2, spatial 6R mechanism L3, spatial 6R mechanism L5, spatial 6R mechanism L6, spatial 6R mechanism L7 and spatial 6R mechanism L8; the second type of spatial 6R mechanism includes spatial 6R mechanism L4 and spatial 6R mechanism L9.
8. A deformable wing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotation pair comprises a rotation pair I (401), a rotation pair II (402), a rotation pair III (403), a rotation pair IV (404), a rotation pair V (405) and a rotation pair VI (406); the rotation pair I (401) is arranged at a corner of the space 6R mechanism; the rotation pair II (402) is arranged at a lateral connection of horizontally adjacent space 6R mechanisms; The rotation pair III (403) and the rotation pair VI (406) are arranged at the vertical connection of the adjacent space 6R mechanisms, and the rotation pair III (403) and the rotation pair VI (406) are symmetrically arranged in parallel; the rotation pair IV (404) is arranged at the cross intersection of the four space 6R mechanisms; the rotation pair V (405) is arranged at the vertical connection of the two adjacent space 6R mechanisms.
9. A deformable wing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The axes of the revolute pair III (403) and the revolute pair VI (406) of the first type space 6R mechanism of the double-layer folding and unfolding mechanism have an intersection in space; when the wing is changing its span, the connecting rods I (301), II (302) and VI (306) of the first type space 6R deployable mechanism are in the same plane, and the connecting rods III (303), IV (304) and V (305) are in another plane; and the two planes are about the revolute pair III (40 3) is symmetrical with the plane where the axis of the rotation pair VI (406) is located; the axes of the rotation pair III (403) and the rotation pair VI (406) of the second type of spatial 6R mechanism remain parallel in space; when the extension length is changed, all crossbars are parallel to each other, 6R mechanism L1, 6R mechanism L3, 6R mechanism L5, 6R mechanism L7 and 6R mechanism L8 remain the same, 6R mechanism L2 and 6R mechanism L6 remain the same, 6R mechanism L4 and 6R mechanism L9 remain the same; When the sweep angle is changed, the spatial 6R mechanism becomes a planar four-bar mechanism, and the revolute joint III403 and the revolute joint VI406 become invalid; at this time, the axes of the connecting rod II (302) and the connecting rod III (303) are collinear, and the axes of the connecting rod V (305) and the connecting rod VI (306) are collinear.
10. An aircraft, characterized in that: The aircraft is equipped with two deformable wings as claimed in claims 1 to 9, wherein the two deformable wings are respectively installed on two wings of the aircraft and are symmetrically arranged with the aircraft fuselage as the axis.