Cargo loading and unloading mechanism and method and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a cargo loading and unloading mechanism and method and a vehicle, the cargo loading and unloading mechanism belongs to the technical field of cargo loading and unloading, the cargo loading and unloading mechanism comprises a rack and an overturning loading and unloading part, the rack is provided with a supporting guide rail and a supporting part, and the overturning loading and unloading part comprises an overturning loading and unloading main body, a first overturning wheel and a second overturning wheel; the axial center line of the first overturning wheel is parallel to the axial center line of the second overturning wheel, and the supporting part can support the first overturning wheel. The overturning assembling and disassembling part is driven by external force to rotate around the center of the first overturning wheel, the first overturning wheel can be separated from the supporting part, the supporting guide rail can support the second overturning wheel, and the overturning assembling and disassembling part can rotate around the center of the second overturning wheel under the external force and can slide along the supporting guide rail. According to the cargo loading and unloading mechanism, the cargo loading and unloading convenience can be improved, the labor cost can be better saved, time and labor are saved when workers load and unload cargoes, the cargo loading and unloading mechanism is applied to the vehicle, and the functions of the vehicle can be increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cargo loading and unloading, and in particular to a cargo loading and unloading mechanism. The present invention also relates to a cargo loading and unloading method, and a vehicle provided with the cargo loading and unloading mechanism. Background Art

[0002] With the widespread popularization and application of the Internet, the express delivery industry has shown rapid development, and unmanned express delivery vehicles have come into being. However, the unmanned express delivery vehicles on the market now generally require external loading and unloading equipment for cage loading and unloading, such as a forklift, which can be used to load and unload cages.

[0003] This method of cage loading and unloading requires additional forklifts, which takes up a large operating space, is inconvenient to operate, and has low loading and unloading efficiency, affecting express delivery. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a cargo loading and unloading mechanism to facilitate the loading and unloading of cargo.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0006] A cargo loading and unloading mechanism comprises a frame and a turning loading and unloading part;

[0007] The frame is provided with a support rail and a support portion;

[0008] The flip loading and unloading part comprises a flip loading and unloading body for carrying goods, and a first flip wheel and a second flip wheel pivotally connected to the flip loading and unloading body, wherein the axial center line of the first flip wheel is parallel to the axial center line of the second flip wheel;

[0009] The support portion can support the first flip wheel; the flipping and loading and unloading body can be driven by external force to rotate around the center of the first flip wheel, the first flip wheel can be separated from the support portion, and the supporting guide rail can support the second flip wheel, and the flipping and loading and unloading body can rotate around the center of the second flip wheel under the action of external force and can slide along the supporting guide rail.

[0010] Furthermore, the frame is provided with a support rail, and the flip loading and unloading body is provided with a support wheel; when the flip loading and unloading body is flipped onto the frame, the support rail can support the support wheel, so that the support wheel and the second flip wheel jointly support the flip loading and unloading body.

[0011] Furthermore, the cargo loading and unloading mechanism also includes a connecting rod mechanism, which includes a driven rod and a driving rod pivotally connected, and the part of the driven rod away from the driving rod is pivotally connected to the flipping and loading and unloading body; a power mechanism is provided on the frame, and the power output end of the power mechanism is transmission-connected with the driving rod to drive the driving rod to slide along the length direction of the support guide rail.

[0012] Furthermore, there are multiple support rails, and the second flipping wheels are multiple and arranged to match the support rails. The multiple support rails are arranged at intervals in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the support rails; the axial direction of the driving rod is arranged orthogonal to the length direction of the support rails, and the driven rods are multiple and pivotally connected to the driving rod and the flipping loading and unloading body respectively; the cargo loading and unloading mechanism also includes a limiting guide rail fixedly arranged relative to the frame, and the driving rod is provided with a plurality of guide wheels, the limiting guide rail and the guide wheels both correspond to the support rails one by one, and each guide wheel is respectively arranged between the corresponding limiting guide rail and the support rail.

[0013] Furthermore, a first limiting mechanism is provided between the frame and the driving rod, and the first limiting mechanism is used to limit the sliding limit position of the driving rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the power mechanism includes a screw pair, the screw pair includes a screw and a nut threadedly connected, the screw is rotatably arranged on the frame, and the nut is connected to the driving rod; the power mechanism also includes a motor arranged on the frame, a reducer transmission connected to the motor, the screw is transmission connected to the power output end of the reducer; and / or, the power mechanism also includes a crank, the crank and the screw can be transmission connected, and the crank can be rotated to drive the screw to rotate.

[0015] Furthermore, a stopping mechanism is provided at one end of the support guide rail, and the stopping mechanism includes an adjusting unit and a stop block transmission-connected to the adjusting unit; the adjusting unit can drive the stop block to move along the length direction of the support guide rail, and the stop block is used to limit the position of the second flipping wheel in the length direction of the support guide rail, and before the support guide rail supports the second flipping wheel, the second flipping wheel can be embedded in the stop block; and / or, a second limiting structure is provided between the frame and the flipping and loading and unloading body, and the second limiting structure is used to limit the position of the flipping and loading and unloading body relative to the frame along the length direction orthogonal to the support guide rail.

[0016] Furthermore, a fixing mechanism is pivotally connected to the flip loading and unloading body, and a reset member is provided between the fixing mechanism and the flip loading and unloading body; the fixing mechanism includes a pressure-bearing part and a clamping part connected together, the goods loaded on the flip loading and unloading body exert pressure on the pressure-bearing part, the clamping part can press against the goods, and the reset member stores energy; the goods remove the pressure on the pressure-bearing part, the reset member releases energy, and can drive the fixing mechanism to reset.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] The cargo loading and unloading mechanism described in the present invention has a frame as a supporting structure of the entire cargo loading and unloading mechanism, which can provide necessary stability and strength. The supporting guide rails are installed on the frame to guide the sliding of the flipping and loading and unloading body within a certain range to ensure the stability and accuracy of the flipping and loading and unloading body during the flipping and sliding process. The supporting part is also installed on the frame to support the first flipping wheel and facilitate the flipping of the flipping and loading and unloading body at a specific stage to ensure the stable flipping action. The first flipping wheel and the second flipping wheel are both pivotally connected to the flipping and loading and unloading body, and their axial center lines are parallel to each other, which are used to realize the continuous flipping and sliding action of the flipping and loading and unloading body. The cargo loading and unloading mechanism is applied to vehicles, which can improve the convenience of cargo loading and unloading, and save time and effort for the staff when loading and unloading cargo.

[0019] The cargo loading and unloading method of the present invention has the same beneficial effects as the aforementioned cargo loading and unloading mechanism relative to the prior art, and will not be described in detail herein.

[0020] Meanwhile, another object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle provided with the cargo loading and unloading mechanism as described above.

[0021] The vehicle described in the present invention can improve the convenience of cargo loading and unloading by applying the above cargo loading and unloading mechanism, which is conducive to better saving of labor costs, and the staff saves time and effort when loading and unloading cargo, and has good practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 This is an axonometric diagram of the unmanned express delivery vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A top view of the cargo loading and unloading mechanism according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is an axonometric view of the frame according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is an axonometric diagram of the power device according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is an axonometric view of the lead screw according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is an axonometric view of the flip loading and unloading portion according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is an axonometric view of the flip loading and unloading main body according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is an axonometric diagram of the fixing mechanism described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 It is an axonometric view of the flip loading and unloading portion in the first position on the frame according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.10 It is an axonometric view of the flip loading and unloading portion at the second position on the frame according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.11 It is an axonometric view of the flip loading and unloading portion according to the first embodiment of the present invention at the third position on the frame;

[0034] Fig.12 It is an axonometric view of the flip loading and unloading portion according to the first embodiment of the present invention at the fourth position on the frame;

[0035] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the cargo pre-loading state according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.14 It is a principle diagram of the reversing axis replacement state of the reversing loading and unloading main body according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the flip loading and unloading main body after flipping according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the flip loading and unloading body after loading is completed according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing mechanism described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the change of the flipping lever arm during the flipping process of the flip loading and unloading body according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Description of reference numerals:

[0042] A. Unmanned express delivery vehicle; B. Cargo loading unit; C. Cargo loading and unloading mechanism; D. Cargo;

[0043] 100, frame; 200, power mechanism; 300, turning and loading and unloading part;

[0044] 1. Support frame; 2. Active shaft support seat; 3. Support bearing; 4. Reducer fixed seat; 5. First screw support seat; 6. Support guide rail; 7. First support track; 8. Limiting guide rail; 9. Second screw support seat; 10. Stop block; 11. Adjustment unit; 12. Support plate; 13. Support body; 14. Second limiting structure; 15. Second support track; 16. First limiting structure;

[0045] 20. Speed ​​reducer; 21. First synchronous pulley; 22. Second synchronous pulley; 23. Synchronous belt; 24. Motor; 25. Motor mounting plate; 26. Driving wheel; 27. Driven wheel; 28. Lead screw; 29. ​​Nut;

[0046] 2801, first shaft section; 2802, first shaft end; 2803, second shaft section; 2804, second shaft end;

[0047] 30. Driving rod; 31. Follower rod; 32. Guide wheel; 33. Crank handle; 34. Driving shaft; 35. Turning loading and unloading body; 36. First turning shaft; 37. First turning wheel; 38. Second turning wheel; 39. Support wheel;

[0048] 3501, bearing unit; 3502, first flip wheel assembly; 3503, second flip wheel assembly; 3504, pivot shaft assembly; 3505, support wheel assembly; 3506, fixing mechanism assembly; 3507, first spring mounting hole; 3508, frame body; 3509, protection unit;

[0049] 40. fixing mechanism; 41. reset member; 42. rotating shaft; 43. pivot shaft; 44. pressure bearing part; 45. clamping part; 46. first reinforcing plate; 47. second reinforcing plate;

[0050] 4001, pressing block; 4002, rotating shaft mounting portion; 4003, clamping block; 4004, second spring mounting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0052] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0053] In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", and "connector" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in combination with specific circumstances.

[0054] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0055] Embodiment 1

[0056] The present embodiment relates to a cargo loading and unloading mechanism C, which is used to realize the flipping and sliding action of the flip loading and unloading part 300. The cargo loading and unloading mechanism C is applied to a vehicle, which can improve the convenience of loading and unloading cargo D and save time and effort for workers when loading and unloading cargo D.

[0057] Based on the above design concept, the structure of the cargo handling mechanism C in the application state of this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C of this embodiment can be used on vehicles. Specifically, in this embodiment, the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C is applied to an unmanned express delivery vehicle A as an example for explanation, and the cargo D is a cage box as an example for explanation. The bottom of the cage box is provided with rollers, and workers can easily push the cage box to the load-bearing unit 3501 described below. It should be understood that the cargo D can be other items to be loaded and unloaded, or a box for loading items to be loaded and unloaded. In addition to being applied to vehicles, the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C can also be used in other occasions where the cargo D needs to be lifted to a certain height and then moved.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C is installed on the cargo carrying part B of the unmanned express delivery vehicle A. The cargo carrying part B is a component for loading cargo D. In this embodiment, the cargo carrying part B is specifically a cargo box with an open top. It should be understood that the vehicle to which the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C is applied can be other vehicles, such as a flatbed truck, in addition to the unmanned express delivery vehicle A. In this case, the cargo carrying part B is a cargo flatbed.

[0059] For another example, the vehicle may be other box-type trucks. In this case, a top cover may be provided on the upper part of the cargo loading part B. In order to facilitate the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C to load and unload cargo D, the top cover should be able to open and close the opening on the upper part of the cargo box. For example, one end of the top cover is pivotally connected to one end of the opening on the upper part of the cargo box, and a quick-release locking device is provided between the other end of the top cover and the cargo box.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C mainly includes a frame 100 and a flip loading and unloading part 300, wherein the frame 100 is provided with a supporting guide rail 6 and a supporting part, and the flip loading and unloading part 300 includes a flip loading and unloading body 35 for carrying cargo D, and a first flip wheel 37 and a second flip wheel 38 pivotally connected to the flip loading and unloading body 35, and the axial center line of the first flip wheel 37 and the axial center line of the second flip wheel 38 are parallel.

[0061] like Figure 7 As shown, the first flip wheel assembly part 3502 and the second flip wheel assembly part 3503 are provided on the flip loading and unloading body 35. The first flip wheel assembly part 3502 and the second flip wheel assembly part 3503 specifically include a mounting block provided on the frame 100 and a mounting hole provided on the mounting block. The number of mounting holes can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the number is not limited here. The first flip wheel 37 is assembled at the first flip wheel assembly part 3502, and the second flip wheel 38 is assembled at the second flip wheel assembly part 3503.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, when the flip loading and unloading body 35 is vertically positioned at one end of the frame 100, the axial centerline of the first flip wheel 37 is lower than the axial centerline of the second flip wheel 38. Fig. 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the support portion can support the first flip wheel 37. At this time, the support portion supports the flip loading and unloading portion 300, or supports the flip loading and unloading portion 300 and the goods D contained therein. The flip loading and unloading body 35 can be driven by an external force to rotate around the center of the first flip wheel 37, the first flip wheel 37 can be separated from the support portion, and the support guide rail 6 can support the second flip wheel 38. The flip loading and unloading body 35 can rotate around the center of the second flip wheel 38 under the action of an external force and can slide along the support guide rail 6.

[0063] In the above structure, the frame 100 serves as the supporting structure of the entire cargo loading and unloading mechanism C, which can provide the necessary stability and strength. The support guide rail 6 is installed on the frame 100 to guide the sliding of the flip loading and unloading body 35 within a certain range to ensure the stability and accuracy of the flip loading and unloading body 35 during the flipping and sliding process. The support part is also installed on the frame 100 to support the first flip wheel 37 and facilitate the flipping of the flip loading and unloading body 35 at a specific stage to ensure the stable flipping action. The first flip wheel 37 and the second flip wheel 38 are both pivotally connected to the flip loading and unloading body 35, and their axial center lines are parallel to each other, so as to realize the flipping and sliding action of the flip loading and unloading body 35.

[0064] In order to better understand the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C of this embodiment, Figure 3 The structure of the rack 100 is described. In this embodiment, the rack 100 specifically includes a ring-shaped support frame 1, on which a support rail 6 is fixed. When arranged on a vehicle, the support rail 6 extends along the front-rear direction of the vehicle.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, there are two support rails 6 , the length directions of the two support rails 6 extend along the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and the two support rails 6 are spaced apart along the left-right direction of the vehicle to facilitate stable support of the flip loading and unloading part 300 .

[0066] It should be noted that the rack 100 in this embodiment can be integrated with the cargo portion B of the vehicle into an integral structure, or the rack 100 can be processed separately and then fixed to the cargo portion B, and both detachable and non-detachable fixing methods are acceptable.

[0067] Continue to refer to Figure 3 As shown, the aforementioned support portion is specifically arranged close to one end of the support frame 1 and fixed on the support frame 1. In a preferred embodiment, the support portion includes a support body 13 and a support plate 12. In terms of specific structure, the support body 13 is fixed on the support frame 1, and has a support groove with a "U"-shaped cross-section, and the support plate 12 is embedded in the bottom of the support groove.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment, the side walls on both sides of the support groove are arc-shaped. The reason for this arrangement is that, on the one hand, the first flip wheel 37 can be embedded in the support groove, and the side walls on both sides of the support groove can better fit with the outer peripheral wall of the first flip wheel 37. During the flipping process of the flipping and loading and unloading main body 35, the first flip wheel 37 can be effectively prevented from escaping from the support groove.

[0069] In addition, since the support plate 12 may support the total weight of the entire flip loading and unloading part 300 and the cargo D thereon, the support part is subjected to greater pressure, and it is preferably made of a material with higher hardness, which can protect the support body 13, and the support plate 12 can also be easily replaced when it is worn or damaged.

[0070] It should also be noted that when the flip loading and unloading part 300 is arranged in a vertical state at one end of the frame 100, in the initial state, the flip loading and unloading body 35 is supported by the ground, and a small gap is provided in the vertical direction between the lower side of the second flip wheel 38 and the bottom wall of the support groove of the support body 13. After the flip loading and unloading body 35 rotates counterclockwise by a certain angle, all the gravity of the flip loading and unloading body 35 and the cargo D thereon is supported by the support part. The purpose of setting the gap is to reduce the torque required for the initial start-up of the motor 24, which is conducive to the smooth loading process of the cargo D.

[0071] Next, refer to Figure 6 to Figure 7 The structure of the flip loading and unloading body 35 is described below. In this embodiment, the flip loading and unloading body 35 includes a ring-shaped frame body 3508 , a bearing unit 3501 disposed at one end of the frame body 3508 , and a protection unit 3509 disposed on the frame body 3508 .

[0072] More specifically, the frame body 3508 is formed into a ring shape by a profile, Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, when the frame body 3508 is flipped over to be placed horizontally on the rack 100, the frame body 3508 supports the cargo D. Fig. 9 As shown, when the flip loading and unloading portion 300 is in a vertical position at one end of the frame 100 , the weight of the cargo D is borne by the carrying unit 3501 .

[0073] Still refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the bearing unit 3501 specifically includes two bearing beams. Fig. 9 When arranged vertically at one end of the frame 100 as shown, the two load-bearing beams are arranged at intervals along the left-right direction of the vehicle, and both load-bearing beams extend along the front-rear direction of the vehicle. Specifically, one end of the load-bearing beam is fixed on the frame body 3508, and the other end extends in a direction away from the frame body 3508.

[0074] It should be noted that when the support part supports the first flip wheel 37, that is, the flip loading and unloading part 300 is arranged vertically, the cargo D in the flip loading and unloading body 35 is supported by the carrying unit 3501. At this time, the protection unit 3509 is at least blocked on one side of the cargo D to prevent the cargo D from escaping from the flip loading and unloading part 300.

[0075] As in this embodiment, the protection unit 3509 includes three protection beams, and the three protection beams are combined in a "gate" shape. Along the extension direction of the supporting beam, the protection unit 3509 and the frame body 3508 are arranged at a distance, and the lower ends of the two protection beams on both sides of the protection unit 3509 are connected to the supporting beam.

[0076] It should be noted that, in order to ensure the overall structural strength, a reinforcement structure may be provided between the protection unit 3509 and the frame body 3508, such as a reinforcement beam, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the protection unit 3509 and the frame body 3508, and the reinforcement beam is preferably multiple, and the multiple reinforcement beams are distributed at intervals around the circumference of the frame body 3508, and the distribution may be uniform or uneven. In addition, the above structure of the flip loading and unloading body 35 is only an exemplary structure, and it can of course be set to other structures that are convenient for loading the cargo D.

[0077] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the frame 100 is provided with support rails, such as Figure 6 As shown, the flip loading and unloading body 35 is provided with a supporting wheel 39. Fig.11 As shown, when the flip loading and unloading body 35 is flipped onto the frame 100 , the support rails can support the support wheels 39 , so that the support wheels 39 and the second flip wheels 38 jointly support the flip loading and unloading body 35 .

[0078] Here, the support wheel 39 is installed on the flip loading and unloading body 35, and contacts the support rail when the flip loading and unloading body 35 is flipped to the rack 100, thereby providing an additional support point for the flip loading and unloading body 35, which helps to disperse the weight of the flip loading and unloading body 35, improve the stability of the sliding operation of the flip loading and unloading body 35, and reduce the friction between the flip loading and unloading body 35 and the rack 100.

[0079] It should be noted that, in a preferred embodiment, there are two support wheels 39 and two support rails. Figure 3 The length direction of the first support rail 7 and the second support rail 15 shown is consistent with the length direction of the support rail 6, and the two support rails are arranged at intervals in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the support rail 6. Preferably, the support rails 6 on the corresponding sides of the two support rails are arranged close to the center of the bracket to facilitate overall arrangement.

[0080] like Figure 7 As shown, support wheel assembly parts 3505 are respectively provided on the top of both sides of the frame body 3508. In terms of specific structure, each support wheel assembly part 3505 is a support wheel assembly plate fixedly mounted on the frame body 3508. The support wheel 39 can be assembled on the support wheel assembly plate through its own mounting bracket. Mounting holes are correspondingly provided on the support wheel assembly plate and the mounting bracket. The mounting bracket and the support wheel assembly plate can be specifically connected by a bolt pair passing through the mounting hole.

[0081] It should be understood that the support wheels 39 and the support rails are arranged correspondingly, and the number of the support wheels 39 and the support rails can also be set to other numbers, such as one, three, five, etc. It should also be noted that the arrangement position of the support wheel 39 and the first flip wheel 37 are far apart in the height direction of the frame body 3508 (the up-down direction when the frame body 3508 is arranged vertically), which is conducive to stably supporting the flip loading and unloading part 300.

[0082] In order to facilitate the driving of the flip loading and unloading part 300 to flip, as a preferred embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C also includes a connecting rod mechanism. In this embodiment, the connecting rod mechanism includes a driven rod 31 and a driving rod 30 that are pivotally connected. The portion of the driven rod 31 away from the driving rod 30 is pivotally connected to the flip loading and unloading body 35.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment, a power mechanism 200 is provided on the frame 100, and a power output end of the power mechanism 200 is transmission-connected with the driving rod 30 to drive the driving rod 30 to slide along the length direction of the support rail 6. Here, the power mechanism 200 is configured to drive the driving rod 30 to slide along the length direction of the support rail 6, and this sliding motion can be converted into a flipping or sliding motion of the flip loading and unloading body 35 through a connecting rod mechanism, thereby realizing the loading and unloading and position adjustment of the cargo D.

[0084] The power mechanism 200 can realize the automatic loading and unloading function of the goods D, which is beneficial to saving labor costs. When applied to the vehicle, it is beneficial to improve the loading efficiency. No additional loading and unloading equipment is required. The goods D occupies less operating space during loading and unloading. The vehicle is used for logistics distribution, which is beneficial to improving the competitiveness of logistics distribution.

[0085] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, there are multiple support rails 6, such as Figure 6 As shown, the second flipping wheels 38 are arranged in a plurality to match the support rails 6, and the plurality of support rails 6 are arranged at intervals in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the support rails 6, so as to facilitate the smooth flipping and sliding of the flip loading and unloading portion 300. As in the present embodiment, there are two support rails 6 and two second flipping wheels 38, and it should be understood that the number of the support rails 6 and the second flipping wheels 38 can be other values, such as three, four, etc.

[0086] Still refer to Figure 4 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the axial direction of the driving rod 30 is arranged orthogonally to the length direction of the supporting guide rail 6, and the driven rod 31 is a plurality of driven rods 31 respectively pivotally connected to the driving rod 30 and the flip loading and unloading body 35. As in this embodiment, both ends of the driving rod 30 are provided with driven rods 31, and one end of the two driven rods 31 is pivotally connected to the flip loading and unloading body 35, and the other end is pivotally connected to the driving rod 30.

[0087] like Figure 7 As shown, the flip assembly and unloading body 35 is provided with a pivot shaft assembly portion 3504, which is specifically a shaft hole, and the pivot shaft 43 passes through the driven rod 31 and is arranged in the pivot shaft assembly portion 3504. In this way, by driving the driving rod 30 to slide along the length direction of the support guide rail 6, the two driven rods 31 jointly drive the flip assembly and unloading body 35 to flip and slide, which is conducive to the smooth movement of the flip assembly and unloading body 35.

[0088] As a preferred embodiment, still refer to Figure 3 As shown, the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C also includes a limiting guide rail 8 fixedly arranged relative to the frame 100, and a plurality of guide wheels 32 are arranged on the driving rod 30. The limiting guide rail 8 and the guide wheels 32 correspond to the supporting guide rail 6 one by one, and each guide wheel 32 is respectively arranged between the corresponding limiting guide rail 8 and the supporting guide rail 6.

[0089] In the above structure, the supporting guide rail 6 and the second flip wheel 38 are provided in plurality, and the limiting guide rail 8 is provided at the same time, all of which are to ensure the stability and smoothness of the flipping of the flipping loading and unloading body 35, and to achieve precise control of the flipping and sliding actions, so that the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C can adapt to more complex working environments and cargo D requirements, which is conducive to improving loading and unloading efficiency and safety.

[0090] As in this embodiment, there are two limit rails 8, two guide wheels 32 and two support rails 6, and each limit rail 8 is fixed above the corresponding support rail 6, so that the guide wheel 32 can slide between the corresponding limit rail 8 and the support rail 6. It should be noted that in actual arrangement, the limit rail 8 can be fixed on the support frame 1 or on the cargo carrying part B, and it is sufficient to ensure that the limit rail 8 and the support rail 6 are both fixed.

[0091] As a preferred embodiment, a first limiting mechanism is provided between the frame 100 and the driving rod 30, and the first limiting mechanism is used to limit the sliding limit position of the driving rod 30. The first limiting mechanism provided here is used to ensure that the flip loading and unloading body 35 moves within a predetermined range, so that the movement trajectory of the flip loading and unloading body 35 is more controllable and predictable, which is conducive to ensuring the stability and accuracy of the flip loading and unloading body 35 during the flipping or sliding process, and preventing equipment damage or safety accidents caused by excessive movement, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the movement of the flip loading and unloading body 35.

[0092] In this embodiment, there are two first limit mechanisms, each of which is provided at the two extreme positions of the movement of the driving rod 30, and each of the first limit mechanisms includes a travel switch fixedly mounted on the support frame 1. In terms of specific structure, the travel switch is connected to the controller of the cargo handling mechanism C, and the controller is connected to the motor 24 described below. When the driving rod 30 triggers the travel switch, the travel switch sends a signal to the controller, and the controller sends a control signal to the motor 24, so that the motor 24 stops driving the driving rod 30.

[0093] Still refer to Figure 3 As shown, as a preferred embodiment, the power mechanism 200 of this embodiment also includes a screw pair, specifically, the screw pair includes a screw 28 and a nut 29 that are threadedly connected, the screw 28 is rotatably arranged on the frame 100, and the nut 29 is connected to the driving rod 30; in this way, by driving the screw 28 to rotate, the nut 29 can drive the driving rod 30 to slide along the length direction of the support guide rail 6.

[0094] With the lead screw pair arranged here, when the lead screw 28 rotates, the nut 29 will perform linear motion along the axial direction of the lead screw 28, and this motion can be accurately converted into the sliding of the drive rod 30, thereby controlling the flipping or sliding action of the flipping and loading and unloading body 35. In the event of an accident occurring to the power mechanism 200, the lead screw pair can utilize its own self-locking function to prevent the flipping and loading and unloading body 35 from having a safety accident during the flipping and loading and unloading process.

[0095] Among them, the structure of the lead screw 28 is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the two ends of the shaft are respectively provided with a first shaft head 2802 and a second shaft head 2804. Figure 3 As shown, a first screw support seat 5 and a second screw support seat 9 are fixedly provided on the frame 100 , the first shaft head 2802 is pivotally connected to the first screw support seat 5 , and the second shaft head 2804 is pivotally connected to the second screw support seat 9 .

[0096] The first shaft section 2801 and the second shaft section 2803 are provided in sequence between the first shaft head 2802 and the second shaft head 2804. The diameters of the first shaft head 2802, the first shaft section 2801 and the second shaft section 2803 increase in sequence. The length of the first shaft section 2801 is much smaller than that of the second shaft section 2803. The first shaft section 2801 is used to install the following driven wheel 27, and the outer surface of the second shaft section 2803 is formed with a thread for being screwed to the nut 29.

[0097] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 3 Combination Figure 4 As shown, the power mechanism 200 also includes a motor 24 fixed on the frame 100, a reducer 20 drivingly connected to the motor 24, and one end of the lead screw 28 having a first shaft head 2802 drivingly connected to the power output end of the reducer 20.

[0098] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 3 , Figure 4 Combined with Fig. 9 As shown, a reducer fixing seat 4 is fixedly arranged at one end of the frame 100, and the aforementioned first screw support seat 5 is fixedly arranged at one side of the reducer fixing seat 4, so that the first screw support seat 5 can withstand a large force, and a reducer 20 is installed at the other side of the reducer fixing seat 4. A motor mounting plate 25 is fixedly arranged on the reducer 20, and the motor 24 is fixedly arranged on the motor mounting plate 25, forming a structure in which the motor 24 is fixedly arranged on the frame 100.

[0099] It should be noted that this installation method of the motor 24 is only an exemplary structure. In other embodiments, it is also feasible to fix the motor 24 on the frame 100 through other structures.

[0100] A first synchronous pulley 21 is provided at the power output end of the motor 24, and a second synchronous pulley 22 is provided at the power input end of the reducer 20. The first synchronous pulley 21 and the second synchronous pulley 22 are connected by a synchronous belt 23 which is sleeved outside the first and second synchronous pulleys ... have the advantages of strong adaptability, convenient maintenance, and a large transmission power and transmission distance range.

[0101] Still refer to Figure 4 As shown, a driving wheel 26 is provided at the power output end of the reducer 20, and a driven wheel 27 is provided on the aforementioned first shaft section 2801, and the driving wheel 26 and the driven wheel 27 are meshed and connected. With such an arrangement, the motor 24 can transmit power to the power input end of the reducer 20 through the synchronous belt 23, and the power output end of the reducer 20 drives the screw 28 to rotate through the driving wheel 26 and the driven wheel 27.

[0102] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the power mechanism 200 of this embodiment further includes a crank 33, and the crank 33 and the lead screw 28 can be connected in transmission. When the crank 33 is rotated, the lead screw 28 can be driven to rotate. As in this embodiment, a driving shaft support seat 2 is fixed on the frame 100, and a support bearing 3 is installed in the driving shaft support seat 2. One end of the driving shaft 34 is connected in transmission to the power input end of the reducer 20, and the other end of the driving shaft 34 is inserted into the support bearing 3. The driving shaft 34 extends in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the support guide rail 6, which is convenient for overall layout.

[0103] One end of the driving shaft 34 is provided with an insert fitting portion, such as an insert hole, and one end of the crank 33 is provided with an insert portion, such as an insert shaft. By inserting the insert portion into the insert fitting portion, the power of the crank 33 can be transmitted to the power input end of the reducer 20, and then the power is transmitted to the screw 28 through the reducer 20, the driving wheel 26 and the driven wheel 27.

[0104] It should be noted that the way in which the crank 33 and the lead screw 28 are connected through the driving shaft 34, the reducer 20, the driving wheel 26, and the driven wheel 27 is only an exemplary embodiment, and other structures can be used to realize the crank 33 driving the lead screw 28. The power source is the motor 24, and the structure in which the power is transmitted to the lead screw 28 through the reducer 20, the driving wheel 26, and the driven wheel 27 is also an exemplary embodiment, and other power sources or power transmission structures can be used to realize the driving of the lead screw 28.

[0105] The cargo loading and unloading mechanism C is provided with a crank 33. When the cargo D is loaded and unloaded normally, the crank 33 can be stored in the tool box of the express delivery unmanned vehicle A. When an accident occurs and the cargo D needs to be loaded and unloaded manually, the crank 33 can be connected to the driving shaft 34, and the crank 33 can be shaken to complete the loading and unloading of the cargo D.

[0106] In the above structure, the motor 24 and the reducer 20 are provided to realize the automation of the flip loading and unloading process, and the crank 33 is provided. When an accident occurs to the power mechanism 200, the flip loading and unloading body 35 can be driven to move to a suitable position by the crank 33. The cooperation of the two can ensure that the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C can also operate smoothly in the case of an accident of the power mechanism 200. It should be understood that it is feasible for the power mechanism 200 to be provided with only the motor 24 and the reducer 20, or only the crank 33.

[0107] In addition, providing a lead screw pair to drive the driving rod 30 to slide is also an exemplary embodiment, and it is also feasible to use other structures to drive the driving rod 30 to slide. It should be understood that it is also feasible not to provide the power mechanism 200, for example, the loading and unloading body 35 can be turned over manually to realize the loading and unloading process of the goods D, which also saves time and effort.

[0108] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 3 Combination Fig. 9 As shown, a stopping mechanism is provided at one end of the supporting guide rail 6. In this embodiment, the stopping mechanism includes an adjusting unit 11 and a stopping block 10 which is transmission-connected to the adjusting unit 11. The adjusting unit 11 can drive the stopping block 10 to move along the length direction of the supporting guide rail 6, and the stopping block 10 is used to limit the position of the second flip wheel 38 in the length direction of the supporting guide rail 6.

[0109] The stopping mechanism provided here can be driven by the adjusting unit 11 to move along the length direction of the supporting guide rail 6. When the stop block 10 moves to a certain position, it will contact the second flipping wheel 38 and restrict its further movement. During the flipping process of the flipping and loading and unloading part 300, it is beneficial for the second flipping wheel 38 to move first onto the stop block 10 and then onto the supporting guide rail 6, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the flipping and loading and unloading body 35 during the flipping or sliding process.

[0110] In terms of specific structure, a mounting bracket is provided on the frame 100, and the adjustment unit 11 includes an adjustment bolt screwed on the mounting bracket and an adjustment nut screwed to the adjustment bolt, and a stop block 10 is provided on the frame 100 and screwed to the adjustment bolt. A guide structure, such as a key, is provided between the frame 100 and the stop block 10 to guide the stop block 10 to slide relative to the frame 100 along the length direction of the support rail 6.

[0111] In this way, the position of the stop block 10 is adjusted by adjusting the bolt, and one side of the stop block 10 abuts against the second flip wheel 38 to limit the position of the second flip wheel 38. The stop block 10 can be prevented from sliding again after being adjusted to a suitable position by adjusting the nut.

[0112] It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, there are two support rails 6 and two second flip wheels 38 , and therefore, there are two groups of the above-mentioned stop structures, each of which is disposed at one end of the support rail 6 away from the power mechanism 200 .

[0113] It should also be noted that a limiting groove is provided on the above stop block 10. During the loading process of the cargo D, before the support guide rail 6 supports the second flip wheel 38, and during the unloading process of the cargo D, after the second flip wheel 38 is separated from the support of the support guide rail 6, the second flip wheel 38 can be embedded in the stop block 10.

[0114] Specifically, the second flip wheel 38 can be embedded in the limiting groove on the stop block 10, so that during the flipping process of the flip loading and unloading body 35, the second flip wheel 38 is located in the limiting groove during a partial flipping process, and as the rotation angle continues to increase, the second flip wheel 38 of the flip loading and unloading body 35 will fall onto the support rail 6. It should be noted that the bottom surface of the limiting groove is higher than the support surface of the support rail 6, so that the position of the second flip wheel 38 on the stop block 10 is higher than the position of the second flip wheel 38 on the support rail 6.

[0115] Still refer to Figure 3 and Fig. 9 As shown, as a preferred embodiment, a second limiting structure 14 is provided between the frame 100 and the flip loading and unloading body 35 , and the second limiting structure 14 is used to limit the position of the flip loading and unloading body 35 relative to the frame 100 along the length direction orthogonal to the support guide rail 6 .

[0116] The second limiting structure 14 provided here can prevent the flip loading and unloading body 35 from unexpected lateral movement during flipping or sliding, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the equipment. The provision of the stop mechanism and the second limiting structure 14 at the same time can not only improve the stability and safety of the operation of the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C, but also enhance its ability to adapt to different working environments and cargo D requirements. These designs enable the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C to better complete the flipping and loading and unloading tasks of the cargo D, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0117] In this embodiment, the second limiting structure 14 limits the movement of the flip loading and unloading body 35 relative to the frame 100 in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the support guide rail 6 by limiting the position of the first flip wheel 37. In specific structure, the second limiting structure 14 is a limiting block fixed on the frame 100. In this embodiment, there are two limiting blocks. When the support portion supports the first flip wheel 37, the two limiting blocks are respectively located on the inner sides of the two first flip wheels 37.

[0118] Depend on Figure 3 Combination Figure 6 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, each limit block is further provided with a limit groove, in which the first flip shaft 36 of the first flip wheel 37 can be embedded. In a preferred embodiment, the side walls on both sides of the limit groove have different heights, and the height of the outer side wall is greater than the height of the inner side wall, so that the flip limit part can be prevented from being separated from the frame 100 during the flipping process, which is conducive to ensuring the smooth flipping of the flip limit part.

[0119] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 6 Combination Figure 8 As shown, a fixing mechanism 40 is pivotally connected to the flip assembly and detachment body 35 of this embodiment, and a reset member 41 is provided between the fixing mechanism 40 and the flip assembly and detachment body 35. Figure 8 As shown, the fixing mechanism 40 includes a pressure-bearing portion 44 and a clamping portion 45 connected together. The cargo D loaded on the overturned loading and unloading body 35 applies pressure to the pressure-bearing portion 44, the clamping portion 45 can press against the cargo D, and the reset member 41 stores energy. When the cargo D removes the pressure on the pressure-bearing portion 44, the reset member 41 releases energy, and can drive the fixing mechanism 40 to reset.

[0120] The fixing mechanism 40 provided here can realize automatic fixing of the cargo D by the pressure of the cargo D during the loading process of the cargo D, which is beneficial to ensure the stability of the cargo D during the flipping process, thereby improving the safety of the cargo D during the flipping process of the flipping loading and unloading body 35. The setting of the reset member 41 allows the fixing mechanism 40 to be automatically reset, thereby ensuring the automatic clamping and automatic release of the cargo D during the loading process of the cargo D, which is beneficial to improving the convenience of loading and unloading the cargo D.

[0121] As in this implementation, refer to Figure 8 The pressure-bearing portion 44 is specifically a pressure-bearing plate, and the clamping portion 45 is specifically a clamping plate. The pressure-bearing plate and the clamping plate are fixedly connected together, and the angle between the two is less than 90°. A rotating shaft mounting portion 4002 is provided at the connecting portion of the pressure-bearing plate and the clamping plate, and a first rotating shaft mounting hole is formed in the rotating shaft mounting portion 4002, so that the rotating shaft mounting portion 4002 is sleeve-shaped.

[0122] like Figure 7 In the figure, a fixing mechanism assembly part 3506 is provided at one end of the frame main body 3508. Specifically, the fixing mechanism assembly part 3506 is two protrusions provided on the frame main body 3508. The two protrusions are arranged at a distance from each other, and each protrusion is provided with a second rotating shaft mounting hole. In this way, the fixing mechanism 40 can be pivotally connected to the frame main body 3508 by a rotating shaft 42 passing through the first rotating shaft mounting hole and the two second rotating shaft mounting holes, and preferably, the axial direction of the rotating shaft 42 is arranged in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the support guide rail 6.

[0123] In order to improve the clamping effect on cargo D, continue to refer to Figure 8 As shown, a pressure block 4001 is provided on the pressure-bearing portion 44 , and a clamping block 4003 is provided on the clamping portion 45 . When the cargo D applies pressure to the fixing mechanism 40 , the cargo D contacts the pressure block 4001 , and the clamping portion 45 presses the cargo D with the clamping block 4003 .

[0124] In order to ensure the structural strength of the fixing mechanism 40, a first reinforcing plate 46 arranged orthogonally thereto is provided on one side of the pressure plate, and a second reinforcing plate 47 arranged orthogonally thereto is provided on one side of the clamping plate. The first reinforcing plate 46 and the second reinforcing plate 47 are connected together to better ensure the structural strength of the fixing structure.

[0125] It should be noted that the reset member 41 in this embodiment is specifically a reset spring, and a second spring mounting hole 4004 is provided on the clamping plate. Figure 7 In the embodiment, a first spring mounting hole 3507 is provided on the frame body 3508, and two ends of the return spring are respectively hooked in the first spring mounting hole 3507 and the second spring mounting hole 4004. When there is no cargo D, the return spring is used to apply a certain pulling force to the clamping plate to prevent the cargo D from interfering with the clamping part 45 during the process of loading the cargo D onto the flip loading and unloading body 35.

[0126] As the cargo D presses against the pressure-bearing part 44, the fixing mechanism 40 rotates around the rotating shaft 42, and the clamping part 45 presses against one side of the cargo D, while the reset spring can store energy. When the cargo D is removed, the reset spring releases energy, and the fixing mechanism 40 can be reset. In this embodiment, when the cargo D is fixed, it is clamped between the carrying unit 3501 and the clamping part 45.

[0127] It should also be noted that in this embodiment, two fixing mechanisms 40 are used as an example for explanation, and the two fixing mechanisms 40 are arranged at a distance in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the support rail, which is conducive to stably and reliably clamping the cargo D such as the cage box mentioned above.

[0128] It should be understood that the fixing mechanism 40 may be arranged at a position other than Figure 6 The positions shown can also be arranged arbitrarily along the circumference of the frame body 3508, and the number of the fixing mechanisms 40 can be one, three, four, etc. in addition to two. In addition, the fixing mechanism 40 can use other mechanisms to fix the cargo D on the flip loading and unloading body 35 in addition to the aforementioned structure. For example, the fixing mechanism 40 includes a binding rope, and hooks are provided at both ends of the binding rope, and the hooks at both ends are respectively hooked on the protection units 3501 on both sides of the flip loading and unloading body 35.

[0129] In this embodiment, the loading process of cargo D goes through three stages: Figure 9-12 It is an isometric view of the flip loading and unloading unit 300 on the frame 100 from the first position to the fourth position.

[0130] When cargo D needs to be loaded, the loading process is as follows:

[0131] (1) See Fig. 9 As shown, firstly, the cargo D is placed on the bearing unit 3501 of the flip loading and unloading body 35 of the flip loading and unloading part 300, and then the motor 24 is started. After the motor 24 is started, the first synchronous pulley 21 installed on the power output shaft of the motor 24 drives the second synchronous pulley 22 to rotate through the synchronous belt 23, and then drives the driving wheel 26 on the power output shaft of the reducer 20 through the driving shaft support seat 2, and the driven wheel 27 drives the lead screw 28 to rotate under the action of the driving wheel 26, thereby pulling the nut 29 to move along the axial direction of the lead screw 28.

[0132] The guide wheel 32 mounted on the driving rod 30 rolls along the supporting guide rail 6 driven by the nut 29, and the driven rod 31 pulls the flipping and loading and unloading body 35 under the action of the driving rod 30, so that the first flipping wheel 37 falls back onto the supporting body 13, and then the flipping and loading and unloading body 35 rotates clockwise around the first flipping wheel 37.

[0133] (2) As the motor 24 continues to rotate, the flip loading and unloading body 35 drives the cargo D to rotate clockwise, and the gravity of the cargo D gradually changes from acting vertically on the load-bearing unit 3501 of the flip loading and unloading body 35 to a partial gravity component force pressing on the load-bearing surface of the frame body 3508 of the flip loading and unloading body 35.

[0134] At this time, the pressure block 4001 on the fixing mechanism 40 located above the flipping loading and unloading body 35 is subjected to the gravity of the cargo D. The force generated on the clamping part 45 can overcome the action of the return spring and rotate counterclockwise around the rotating shaft 42. The clamping block 4003 on the fixing mechanism 40 will press against the cargo D, so that the cargo D is clamped.

[0135] As the flip angle of the flip loading and unloading body 35 increases, the force of the gravity of the cargo D pressing on the load-bearing unit 3501 of the flip loading and unloading body 35 gradually increases, and the clamping force on the cargo D increases, so that the cargo D is reliably fixed on the flip loading and unloading part 300. This process is Figures 9 to 11 Finish.

[0136] (3) When the overturning loading and unloading body 35 drives the cargo D to overturn Fig.10 In the state shown, the second turning wheel 38 on the turning loading and unloading part 300 falls onto the stop block 10, and the first turning stage of the turning loading and unloading body 35 ends. That is, the first turning process of the turning loading and unloading body 35 is completed. Fig. 9 The state shown starts at Fig.10 The indicated state ends.

[0137] (4) As the motor 24 continues to rotate, the turning axis of the turning loading and unloading body 35 is transferred from the first turning wheel 37 to the axis of the second turning wheel 38, and the turning loading and unloading body 35 continues to rotate clockwise around the second turning wheel 38. The turning loading and unloading body 35 enters the second turning stage. The second turning process of the turning loading and unloading body 35 is as follows: Fig.10 The state shown starts at Fig.11 The indicated state ends.

[0138] (5) When the turning stage of the turning loading and unloading body 35 is finished, the support wheels 39 in the turning loading and unloading part 300 fall onto the support rails in the frame 100, and the process of the turning loading and unloading body 35 loading the cargo D enters the third stage.

[0139] (6) The motor 24 continues to rotate, the support wheel 39 in the flip loading and unloading part 300 rolls on the support track in the frame 100, and the second flip wheel 38 rolls along the support guide rail 6, and the flip loading and unloading part 300 begins the horizontal movement process during the loading process.

[0140] (7) When the flip loading and unloading body 35 is loaded to the predetermined position, the driving rod 30 touches the first limit structure 16 arranged near the power assembly, the power supply of the motor 24 is cut off, the motor 24 stops running, and the transfer process of the cargo D by the flip loading and unloading body 35 is completed.

[0141] (8) When unloading is required, the flip loading and unloading body 35 runs in the reverse direction according to the above process. When the flip loading and unloading body 35 is about to flip into place, the bearing unit 3501 on the flip loading and unloading body 35 in the flip loading and unloading part 300 first falls to the ground. At this time, the entire weight of the cargo D and the flip loading and unloading part 300 is borne by the ground. The motor 24 continues to drive the lead screw 28 to rotate, the drive rod 30 moves forward, the flip loading and unloading part 300 rotates slightly around the front end of the bearing unit 3501, and the first flip wheel 37 is lifted up to disengage from the stop block 10. At this time, the drive rod 30 touches the first limit structure 16 away from the power assembly, the power supply of the motor 24 is cut off, the motor 24 stops running, and the cargo D is unloaded.

[0142] (9) When the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C is unable to load and unload cargo D due to an unexpected power outage or a break in the synchronous belt 23, the crank 33 is installed on the driving shaft support seat 2, and the cargo D can be loaded and unloaded by manually cranking the crank 33.

[0143] The cargo loading and unloading mechanism C of the present invention has low power consumption and low use cost. When applied to vehicles, it can improve the convenience of loading and unloading cargo D, and save time and effort for workers when loading and unloading cargo D. When applied to unmanned express logistics vehicles, it is also beneficial to improve the competitiveness of logistics distribution.

[0144] When loading cargo D when the power supply is low, the entire loading process can be completed as long as the initial flipping can be completed. Similarly, when unloading cargo D when the power supply is low, the entire loading process can be completed as long as the remaining power can complete the initial flipping. The cage box can be reliably fixed and transported without external clamping force.

[0145] In addition, the cargo handling mechanism C adopts a method of lowering the center of the rotating shaft 42 relative to the height of the center of gravity of the flipped object, thereby reducing the driving force requirement of the cargo handling mechanism C and reducing the energy consumption of the whole machine during the flipping loading and unloading process. By switching the rotation center, the flipping process of the flipping loading and unloading body 35 is divided into two stages, thereby further reducing the maximum driving force requirement, more effectively utilizing the performance of the motor 24, and reducing the manufacturing cost and use cost of the whole machine.

[0146] In addition, in the stage where flipping requires a large driving force, the resistance arm is designed to gradually decrease with the flipping loading process, while the power arm is gradually increased, so as to more reasonably and effectively utilize the characteristics of the motor 24 to complete the loading of the cargo D.

[0147] At the same time, the present embodiment also relates to a cargo loading and unloading method, which includes: placing the flip loading and unloading body 35 on the flip loading and unloading part 300 in a vertical state, and placing cargo on the flip loading and unloading body 35; applying external force to the flip loading and unloading body 35, so that the flip loading and unloading body 35 rotates around the axial center of the first flip wheel 37 on the flip loading and unloading body 35 until the second flip wheel 38 on the flip loading and unloading body 35 falls onto the support guide rail 6 on the frame 100.

[0148] Then, external force continues to be applied to the flip loading and unloading body 35, so that the flip loading and unloading body 35 rotates around the axial center of the second flip wheel 38 until the flip loading and unloading body 35 flips to a horizontal state; then, external force continues to be applied to the flip loading and unloading body 35, so that the flip loading and unloading body 35 slides along the support guide rail 6 and delivers the goods to the preset position.

[0149] It should be noted that in the cargo loading and unloading method, before the support portion supports the first flip wheel 37, the flip loading and unloading portion 300 is placed on the ground or other supporting carrier, and the gravity is borne by the supporting carrier. After the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C flips over the first preset angle, the first flip wheel 37 is completely rotated to the support portion, and the gravity of the flip loading and unloading portion 300 is borne by the support portion.

[0150] After the flipping and loading and unloading body 35 of the flipping and loading and unloading part 300 rotates by the second preset angle, the second flipping wheel 38 of the flipping and loading and unloading part 300 rotates onto the stop block 10 , and the flipping and loading and unloading body 35 flips around the center of the second flipping wheel 38 .

[0151] After the flip loading and unloading body 35 rotates to the third preset angle, the second flipping wheel 38 of the flip loading and unloading part 300 falls onto the supporting guide rail 6, and the flipping center is lowered. The flip loading and unloading body 35 continues to flip, so that the supporting wheel 39 and the second flipping wheel 38 complete the process of loading the cargo D of the flip loading and unloading body 35, and the process of unloading the cargo D can be reversed.

[0152] In this embodiment, the principle that the turning process of the turning loading and unloading body 35 can save power is as follows.

[0153] like Fig.13 As shown, during the turning process of the turning loading and unloading body 35, when the turning loading and unloading body 35 is in an upright state placed on the ground, the action line of the gravity G of the cargo D and the turning loading and unloading part 300 is L1 from the turning axis O1 at this time, and the action line of the turning tension F is L2 from the turning axis O1. Fig.13 From the force analysis, we can see that the corresponding relationship between gravity G and tension F is as shown in formula ①.

[0154] F×L2=G×L1 Formula①

[0155] From formula ①, we can see that if we want to reduce F and reduce the turning driving force, we need to relatively reduce L1 and increase L2. This can reduce energy consumption and use costs while also reducing manufacturing costs.

[0156] In order to smoothly complete the flipping of the flip loading and unloading body 35 with a relatively small pulling force, the implementation method of this embodiment is as follows.

[0157] (1) First, when the flip loading and unloading body 35 is fully loaded, the flip loading and unloading body 35 is in a pre-loading state, and the center of gravity S of the cargo D and the flip loading and unloading part 300 is at a height H above the ground that is higher than the height of the flip axis of the flip loading and unloading body 35 from the ground.

[0158] (2) The turning process of the turning loading and unloading body 35 is divided into two stages. The first turning stage is when the turning loading and unloading body 35 is turned from the upright state on the ground to the axis O1 at a height H1 lower than the ground and ends when the turning loading and unloading body 35 is turned from P2 on the turning loading and unloading part 300 to the axis O2. The second turning stage is when the turning loading and unloading body 35 is turned from the state at the end of the first turning stage to the T on the turning loading and unloading part 300 and ends when the turning loading and unloading body 35 is turned to the support guide rail 6.

[0159] In this method, two fixed rotation axes O1 and O2 are set, and the heights of the two rotation axes from the ground are H1 and H2 respectively, so that the fixed rotation axis O1 of the first turning stage of the turning loading and unloading part 300 is H1 from the ground, which is lower than the fixed rotation axis O2 of the second turning stage of the cage D. The height of the ground is H2, and O1 is arranged at the outermost end of the cargo box, and O2 is arranged inside O1. The relative position relationship of S, O1 and O2 is shown in FIG. Fig.13 .

[0160] H>H2>H1 formula②

[0161] (3) Fig.18 As shown, when the cargo D is in the pre-loaded state on the cage box of the flip loading and unloading part 300 and placed upright on the ground, the angle θ between the line Q-O1 connecting the hinge axis Q and the fixed rotation axis O1 on the flip loading and unloading part 300 and the line O1-R connecting the fixed rotation axis O1 and the hinge axis R of the slider is an obtuse angle.

[0162] (4) Fig.15 As shown, under the parameter conditions set by the above method, after the flip loading and unloading part 300 completes flipping, the corresponding relationship between the gravity G and the pulling force F is as follows:

[0163] F×L4=G×L2 Formula ③

[0164] During the entire flipping process of the flipping loading and unloading part 300, for the convenience of description, we call the gravity G of the cargo D and the flipping loading and unloading body 35 resistance, the pulling force F is called power, the distance from the line of action of the gravity G to the fixed rotation center is called the resistance arm, and the distance from the line of action of the pulling force F to the fixed rotation axis is called the power arm.

[0165] like Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, during the flipping process in the first flipping stage, the resistance arm L1 is the longest when the flipping loading and unloading body 35 is in an upright state, and the flipping process gradually shortens, that is, the resistance torque gradually decreases, and the power arm L2 gradually lengthens from the shortest to the longest at the end of the first flipping stage. During this process, the power arm L2 changes from being smaller than the resistance arm L1 to finally being much larger than the resistance arm L1, and the power required for flipping is sharply reduced.

[0166] In the second flipping stage, the resistance arm gradually decreases from L3 to zero and then gradually increases to L3, but the direction of the force changes to the same side as the power F on the fixed rotation axis O2. At this time, the pulling force F changes to thrust. When the flip loading and unloading part 300 flips to the right position, that is, the cage support wheel 39T falls on the slideway II, the moment generated by the gravity G is offset by the support force N2, and F is converted into pulling force. The power arm gradually decreases from the longest L4 to L4. In the second flipping stage, it is set according to the following formula

[0167] L4>>L3 type④

[0168] L4>2×L3 formula ⑤

[0169] The cargo loading and unloading mechanism C set up according to the above method can use a smaller motor 24, and when the power is insufficient, when the cargo D needs to be loaded, the loading task can be completed as long as it can be flipped. Similarly, when the cargo D needs to be unloaded, the unloading task can be completed as long as the power is enough to make the flipping loading and unloading part 300 start to flip, thereby avoiding the inability to complete the flipping process due to insufficient power, thereby preventing the loading and unloading work of the cargo D from being affected.

[0170] The cargo loading and unloading mechanism C adopts the reverse loading method to improve the starting working state of the motor 24. Specifically, in the loading process of the flip loading and unloading body 35, the first flipping stage ( Figure 13 to Figure 14 process), the second flipping stage ( Figure 14 to Figure 15 process) and a good D by Fig.15 The status shown moves to Fig.16 In the process of the state shown, during the entire movement of the cargo D, the weight of the cargo D is borne by slides II and V.

[0171] The only resistance to the movement of the flipping loading and unloading part 300 is the rolling friction resistance of the second flipping wheel 38 and the supporting wheel 39, and the resistance during the flipping process is mainly the resistance torque generated by the weight of the cargo D and the flipping loading and unloading body 35. The power required for this resistance torque is much greater than the rolling friction force during the moving stage of the flipping loading and unloading part 300. Therefore, the power configured by the power device 200 only needs to meet the torque required for flipping to complete the loading and unloading task.

[0172] Fig.18 A force analysis of the flipping of the flip loading and unloading part 300 was performed. It can be seen from Formula ①, Formula ③, Formula ④, and Formula ⑤ that the driving force required by the motor 24 is the largest in the initial state of the pre-loading vehicle, and when the cargo D is initially loaded, the motor 24 is in a stationary state. When the motor 24 starts from zero speed, the starting torque far exceeds the normal working state of the motor 24, and at this time the motor 24 is still in the maximum load state.

[0173] In order to improve the working state of the motor 24 and reduce the transitional energy consumption, the present invention adopts a reverse loading method, that is, after the load-bearing unit 3501 of the flipping and loading and unloading part 300 contacts the ground, the motor 24 continues to rotate to push the flipping and loading and unloading part 300 to rotate through the lead screw 28, so that the first flipping wheel 37 can be appropriately lifted and separated from the stop block 10. When flipping is required, the motor 24 is started. At this time, the external load of the lead screw 28 is the same as the driving direction of the motor 24, so at this time the motor 24 only needs to overcome the friction of the lead screw 28. After the rotation of the flipping and loading and unloading part 300 causes the first flipping wheel 37 to fall onto the stop block 10, the first flipping stage of flipping can begin.

[0174] Next, let's talk about the fixing method of cargo D, such as Fig.17 As shown, cargo D is in a horizontal state, with the left side of cargo D leaning against two fixed points h and g, the lower left side falling on the fixed support point z, and the right side placed on the upper and lower support points m of a fixed frame a with a fixed rotation axis b. Under the gravity of cargo D, the fixed frame a rotates counterclockwise around the fixed rotation axis b, and the clamping point k is added to cargo D, and cargo D is fixed. The clamping force K of cargo D and the gravity component of cage D at m have the following relationship:

[0175] N4×L5=K×L6 Formula ⑥

[0176] Set the distance from the gravity line of cargo D to the fixed rotation axis point b to L5, and the distance from the clamping force K line of cargo D to the fixed rotation axis point b to L6. Set L5>L6, so the clamping force K>N4. Using this method, the gravity of cargo D itself can ensure that cargo D is fixed relative to the flipping part of the cage.

[0177] Finally, it should be noted that Figures 13 to 18In the figure, symbol I represents a screw, such as the screw 28 mentioned above, symbol II represents a slide, such as the support rail in this embodiment, specifically including the first support rail 7 and the second support rail 15), symbol III represents a slider, such as the driving rod 30 mentioned above, symbol IV represents a slide, such as the limiting guide rail 8 mentioned above, symbol V represents a slide, such as the support guide rail 6 mentioned above, and symbol VI represents the cargo D and the flip loading and unloading part 300.

[0178] The cargo loading and unloading method of the present invention has the same beneficial effects as the aforementioned cargo loading and unloading mechanism C relative to the prior art, and will not be described in detail herein.

[0179] Embodiment 2

[0180] This embodiment relates to a vehicle, and a cargo loading and unloading mechanism C as in the first embodiment is provided on a cargo carrying portion B of the vehicle.

[0181] The vehicle of this embodiment, by applying the same cargo loading and unloading mechanism C, can improve the convenience of loading and unloading cargo D, which is conducive to better saving of labor costs, and the staff saves time and effort when loading and unloading cargo D, and has good practicality.

[0182] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cargo loading and unloading mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a frame (100) and a turning and loading and unloading part (300); The frame (100) is provided with a support rail (6) and a support portion; The flip loading and unloading part (300) comprises a flip loading and unloading body (35) for carrying goods (D), and a first flip wheel (37) and a second flip wheel (38) pivotally connected to the flip loading and unloading body (35), wherein the axial center line of the first flip wheel (37) and the axial center line of the second flip wheel (38) are parallel; The support portion is capable of supporting the first flip wheel (37); the flip loading and unloading body (35) is capable of rotating around the center of the first flip wheel (37) when driven by an external force, the first flip wheel (37) is capable of detaching from the support portion, and the support guide rail (6) is capable of supporting the second flip wheel (38); the flip loading and unloading body (35) is capable of rotating around the center of the second flip wheel (38) under the action of an external force, and is capable of sliding along the support guide rail (6).

2. The cargo handling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (100) is provided with a support rail, and the flip loading and unloading body (35) is provided with a support wheel (39); When the flip loading and unloading body (35) is flipped onto the frame (100), the support rail can support the support wheel (39), so that the support wheel (39) and the second flip wheel (38) jointly support the flip loading and unloading body (35).

3. The cargo handling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cargo loading and unloading mechanism further comprises a connecting rod mechanism, wherein the connecting rod mechanism comprises a driven rod (31) and a driving rod (30) which are pivotally connected, and a portion of the driven rod (31) away from the driving rod (30) is pivotally connected to the flip loading and unloading body (35); The frame (100) is provided with a power mechanism (200), and a power output end of the power mechanism (200) is drivingly connected to the driving rod (30) to drive the driving rod (30) to slide along the length direction of the supporting guide rail (6).

4. The cargo handling mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are a plurality of the support rails (6), and a plurality of the second flip wheels (38) are arranged to match the support rails (6), and the plurality of the support rails (6) are arranged at intervals in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the support rails (6); The axial direction of the driving rod (30) is arranged orthogonally to the length direction of the supporting guide rail (6), and the driven rods (31) are a plurality of rods pivotally connected to the driving rod (30) and the flip loading and unloading body (35) respectively; The cargo loading and unloading mechanism further comprises a limiting guide rail (8) fixedly arranged relative to the frame (100); a plurality of guide wheels (32) are arranged on the driving rod (30); the limiting guide rail (8) and the guide wheels (32) correspond to the supporting guide rail (6) one by one; and each guide wheel (32) is respectively arranged between the corresponding limiting guide rail (8) and the supporting guide rail (6).

5. The cargo handling mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first limiting mechanism is provided between the frame (100) and the driving rod (30), and the first limiting mechanism is used to limit the sliding limit position of the driving rod (30).

6. The cargo handling mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power mechanism (200) comprises a screw pair, the screw pair comprises a screw (28) and a nut (29) which are threadedly connected, the screw (28) is rotatably arranged on the frame (100), and the nut (29) is connected to the driving rod (30); The power mechanism (200) further comprises a motor (24) disposed on the frame (100), a reducer (20) drivingly connected to the motor (24), and the lead screw (28) drivingly connected to a power output end of the reducer (20); and / or, The power mechanism (200) further comprises a crank (33), wherein the crank (33) and the lead screw (28) are capable of being transmission-connected, and when the crank (33) is rotated, the lead screw (28) can be driven to rotate.

7. The cargo handling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stop mechanism is provided at one end of the support guide rail (6), the stop mechanism comprising an adjustment unit (11) and a stop block (10) drivingly connected to the adjustment unit (11); the adjustment unit (11) can drive the stop block (10) to move along the length direction of the support guide rail (6), the stop block (10) is used to limit the position of the second flip wheel in the length direction of the support guide rail (6), and before the support guide rail (6) supports the second flip wheel (38), the second flip wheel (38) can be embedded in the stop block (10); and / or, A second limiting structure (14) is provided between the frame (100) and the flip loading and unloading body (35), and the second limiting structure (14) is used to limit the position of the flip loading and unloading body (35) relative to the frame (100) along a length direction orthogonal to the support guide rail (6).

8. The cargo handling mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: A fixing mechanism (40) is pivotally connected to the flip loading and unloading body (35), and a reset member (41) is provided between the fixing mechanism (40) and the flip loading and unloading body (35); The fixing mechanism (40) comprises a pressure-bearing portion (44) and a clamping portion (45) connected together; the cargo (D) loaded on the flip loading and unloading body (35) applies pressure to the pressure-bearing portion (44), the clamping portion (45) can press against the cargo (D), and the reset component (41) stores energy; the cargo (D) removes the pressure on the pressure-bearing portion (44), the reset component (41) releases energy, and can drive the fixing mechanism (40) to reset.

9. A cargo loading and unloading method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Placing a flip loading and unloading body (35) on the flip loading and unloading portion (300) in a vertical state, and placing goods on the flip loading and unloading body (35); Applying external force to the flip loading and unloading body (35) so that the flip loading and unloading body (35) rotates around the axial center of the first flip wheel (37) on the flip loading and unloading body (35) until the second flip wheel (38) on the flip loading and unloading body (35) falls onto the supporting guide rail (6) on the frame (100); Continue to apply external force to the flip loading and unloading body (35), so that the flip loading and unloading body (35) rotates around the axial center of the second flip wheel (38) until the flip loading and unloading body (35) flips to a horizontal state; The external force is continuously applied to the flip loading and unloading body (35), so that the flip loading and unloading body (35) slides along the supporting guide rail (6) and delivers the goods to a preset position.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle is provided with a cargo loading and unloading mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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