Red soil slope cropland soil greenhouse gas emission evaluation equipment and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of red soil slope cropland soil greenhouse gas emission evaluation, in particular to red soil slope cropland soil greenhouse gas emission evaluation equipment and method.The red soil slope cropland soil greenhouse gas emission evaluation equipment comprises a walking bottom plate, a supporting assembly and a detection assembly; automatic walking and steering are achieved through the walking driving motor and the steering driving motor, the labor intensity of manual carrying and operation is reduced, meanwhile, lifting of the detection assembly and rotation of the swing arm are accurately controlled by the motors, it is ensured that a greenhouse gas analyzer probe can be accurately placed above to-be-detected soil, and the measurement precision and efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of greenhouse gas emission assessment of red soil sloping cultivated land, in particular to a device and method for assessing greenhouse gas emission of red soil sloping cultivated land. Background Art

[0002] Red soil sloping farmlands are an important environmental factor in global climate change and agricultural production because they are an important source of greenhouse gas emissions. The assessment of soil greenhouse gas emissions is of great significance for understanding and responding to global climate change. In order to better understand and manage the carbon cycle and greenhouse gas emissions of these lands, soil greenhouse gas emission assessment equipment is usually used to assess the greenhouse gas emissions of red soil sloping farmlands.

[0003] However, the existing soil greenhouse gas emission assessment equipment has great defects during use. The existing soil greenhouse gas emission assessment equipment cannot be flexibly moved and deployed on red soil sloping farmland with a large slope, and has poor mobility. The existing soil greenhouse gas emission assessment equipment lacks automated data collection, processing and evaluation capabilities, resulting in limited data accuracy and real-time performance. The existing soil greenhouse gas emission assessment equipment cannot achieve remote data access and equipment control, which limits the scope of use and flexibility of the equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for evaluating greenhouse gas emissions from red soil sloping farmland.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a red soil sloping farmland soil greenhouse gas emission assessment device, comprising a walking base, a support assembly and a detection assembly, wherein the four corners of the bottom of the walking base are all equipped with steerable tires, and the bottom of the device is equipped with steerable tires, so that the device can be flexibly moved in different terrains, including red soil sloping farmland with a large slope, and this design greatly improves the mobility and adaptability of the device, so that it can be quickly deployed to the area that needs to be assessed, and the two support assemblies are respectively installed on both sides of the walking base, and the setting of the support assembly enables the device to work stably on uneven ground, and the detection assembly is installed at one end of the top of the walking base, and an assessment box and a camera are respectively installed at one end of the top of the walking base away from the detection assembly, and the setting of the camera can help the operator more accurately locate and observe the position and surrounding environment of the device, and the device can help researchers and agricultural managers formulate more effective soil management strategies, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and improve the carbon sequestration capacity of the soil, thereby combating climate change by accurately assessing soil greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, the accurate data provided by the device can help scientific researchers better understand the mechanism of soil greenhouse gas emissions, and at the same time provide a scientific basis for agricultural practice and promote the sustainable development of agriculture;

[0006] Among them, the detection assembly includes a base, a lifting block, a first swing arm and a second swing arm. The base is an inverted "U"-shaped structure. The top of the base is rotatably matched with a steering seat. A number of support rods are vertically fixed on the top of the steering seat, and top plates are horizontally fixed on the tops of the support rods. The lifting block is lifted and matched on the several support rods. The first swing arm is horizontally hinged at one end of the lifting block, and one end of the second swing arm is connected to the end of the first swing arm away from the lifting block. A greenhouse gas analyzer is installed below the end of the second swing arm away from the first swing arm. A storage assembly for accommodating the probe of the greenhouse gas analyzer is installed on one side of the top of the walking base plate. The design of the detection assembly enables the greenhouse gas analyzer to be accurately inserted into the soil, thereby obtaining accurate gas concentration data.

[0007] Preferably, wheel frames are rotatably matched at the four corners of the bottom of the walking base plate, four tires are respectively mounted on the four wheel frames, and walking drive motors for driving the tires to rotate are mounted on the four wheel frames.

[0008] Preferably, a reduction gearbox and a steering drive motor are installed at the four corners of the top of the walking base plate, and the steering drive motor drives the wheel frame to rotate through the reduction gearbox.

[0009] Preferably, the support assembly includes a fixed rod and two support tubes, the fixed rod is horizontally fixed on one side of the walking base plate, and the two support tubes are vertically fixed on both ends of the fixed rod, and the two support tubes are telescopically matched with support legs, and the tops of the two support legs are vertically welded with tooth plates, and telescopic drive motors are installed on the two support tubes. The output ends of the two telescopic drive motors are driven by gears, and the two gears are respectively engaged with the two tooth plates. The support legs can be telescopically adjusted, so that the equipment can adapt to different ground conditions, ensuring the stability of the equipment when collecting data, and facilitating the equipment to accurately measure soil greenhouse gas emissions.

[0010] Preferably, a screw rod is provided between the steering seat and the top plate for vertical rotation, a nut is embedded through the middle of the lifting block, and the nut is threadedly engaged with the screw rod.

[0011] Preferably, an angle adjustment drive motor for driving the steering seat to rotate is horizontally installed on one side of the base, a lifting drive motor for driving the screw to rotate is vertically installed on the top of the top plate, a first motor is installed on the end of the top of the lifting block away from the first swing arm, the first motor drives the first swing arm to rotate through a transmission belt, and a second motor is installed on the top of the first swing arm, and the second motor drives the second swing arm to rotate through a transmission belt.

[0012] Preferably, the storage assembly includes a fixed bottom plate and a storage strip, the fixed bottom plate is fixed to the top of the walking bottom plate, the storage strip is a long strip structure with a storage groove on the top, one end of the bottom of the storage strip is hinged to one end of the top of the fixed bottom plate, the other end of the bottom of the storage strip is hinged to guide plate 2, the end of guide plate 2 away from the storage strip is hinged to guide plate 1, and the end of guide plate 1 away from guide plate 2 is hinged to the top of the fixed bottom plate, wherein the hinging between guide plate 2 and guide plate 1 is realized by a positioning hinge.

[0013] Preferably, a server and a battery are provided in the evaluation box, and an evaluation system is installed on the server. The evaluation system includes a data acquisition module, a database management module, a data processing module, an evaluation module, a report production module and a remote communication module. The server and evaluation system built into the evaluation box can automatically process the collected data, including data acquisition, processing, evaluation and report generation. This automated processing improves the efficiency and accuracy of data processing and reduces human errors.

[0014] Preferably, the data acquisition module is responsible for collecting the data transmitted back by the detection component, including the concentration of greenhouse gases such as CO2, CH4, N2O, soil temperature, soil moisture and other environmental parameters, wherein the specific parameters are based on the detection of the greenhouse gas analyzer on the detection component; the database management module stores and manages the data collected by the data acquisition module; the data processing module processes the data collected by the data acquisition module, including data cleaning, denoising, normalization, and statistical analysis and flux calculation, and uses data analysis software, including Python, R, MATLAB, to write data processing algorithms, and the processed data is again handed over to the database management module for storage and management; the evaluation module uses the data processed by the data processing module to analyze and evaluate, determine the greenhouse gas emission flux, trend, and influencing factors, and evaluate the effects of different agricultural measures, and the evaluation results are handed over to the database management module for storage and management; the report production module uses the results of the evaluation module to generate an evaluation report, including charts, statistical results and model predictions, using report generation software, including LaTeX, Microsoft Word, and the assessment report is stored and managed by the database management module; the remote communication module is responsible for data transmission, remote access and command issuance. Data transmission is the transmission of data on the server in the assessment box, including raw data, processed data, assessment results and assessment reports, to a remote computer or cloud server through a wireless or wired network. Remote access allows users to access the database and applications on the server from any location via the Internet to perform data query, system monitoring and parameter setting. Command issuance is to receive commands or requests from remote users and pass these commands to relevant modules of the system, including data acquisition module and data processing module. The remote communication module enables users to remotely access and control equipment and obtain data and assessment results in real time. This is especially useful for large-scale farmland monitoring because it allows users to monitor in different locations or under adverse weather conditions.

[0015] Preferably, the method of use specifically comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: The walking drive motor drives the tire to rotate, and cooperates with the steering drive motor to drive the tire to steer, and moves the device. In the process of moving the device, the surrounding environment is observed by using a camera. After the device is moved to the designated measurement area, the telescopic drive motor drives the gear to rotate, and the gear engages with the toothed plate to drive the toothed plate to move, thereby driving the support legs to move, and extending the support legs downward. The device is supported by adjusting the four support legs, and the steering seat is driven to rotate by the angle adjustment drive motor to adjust the detection assembly to a vertical state. The first motor and the second motor drive the first swing arm and the second swing arm to rotate, and the probe of the greenhouse gas analyzer is accurately placed above the soil to be tested. The lifting drive motor drives the lead screw to control the lifting block to move up and down, and the height of the detection assembly is adjusted so that the probe of the greenhouse gas analyzer at the end of the detection assembly is inserted into the soil.

[0017] Step 2: Start the greenhouse gas analyzer and start collecting greenhouse gas concentrations and environmental parameters in the soil. The device automatically reads the data from the greenhouse gas analyzer and transmits it to the server in the evaluation box through the data acquisition module. The database management module stores the received raw data in the database of the server. The data processing module cleans, denoises, and normalizes the collected data, and performs statistical analysis and flux calculation. The evaluation module uses the processed data for in-depth analysis to determine greenhouse gas emission fluxes, trends, and influencing factors, and evaluates the effects of different agricultural measures. The evaluation results are stored in the database for further report generation and remote access.

[0018] Step 3: The report production module generates a detailed evaluation report based on the results of the evaluation module, including charts, statistical results and model predictions. The generated evaluation report is stored in the database for remote users to access and download. The remote communication module is responsible for transmitting the data on the server, including raw data, processed data, evaluation results and evaluation reports, to the remote computer or cloud server through wireless or wired networks. Remote users can access the database and application on the server through the Internet to perform data query, system monitoring and parameter setting;

[0019] Step 4: If necessary, operate the travel drive motor to drive the tire to rotate and move the equipment to the next measurement position. Use the steering drive motor to drive the wheel frame to rotate through the reduction gearbox to achieve steering adjustment of the equipment. After completing the measurement, drive the steering seat to rotate through the angle adjustment drive motor to adjust the detection assembly to a horizontal state. Drive the first swing arm and the second swing arm to rotate through the first motor and the second motor to accurately place the probe of the greenhouse gas analyzer in the storage bar of the storage assembly. By rotating the storage bar, the angle of the storage bar can be adjusted.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0021] (1) In the present invention, the equipment adopts an automated design, and realizes automatic walking and steering through a walking drive motor and a steering drive motor, thereby reducing the labor intensity of manual handling and operation. At the same time, the lifting and lowering of the detection component and the rotation of the swing arm are precisely controlled by the motor, ensuring that the greenhouse gas analyzer probe can be accurately placed above the soil to be tested, thereby improving the measurement accuracy and efficiency.

[0022] (2) In the present invention, the design of the equipment support assembly enables the equipment to operate stably under different terrain conditions. By adjusting the length of the support legs through the telescopic drive motor, measurements can be performed on uneven sloping farmland. This adaptability enables the equipment to evaluate greenhouse gas emissions under a variety of soil and environmental conditions.

[0023] (3) In the present invention, the device integrates a full set of modules for data acquisition, processing, evaluation and report generation, realizing automatic data processing. The data processing module can clean, denoise and normalize the raw data, and perform statistical analysis and flux calculation. The evaluation module can perform in-depth analysis based on the processed data and automatically generate an evaluation report, greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of data processing.

[0024] (4) In the present invention, the device helps to formulate more effective agricultural management measures, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and improve soil carbon sink function through accurate assessment of soil greenhouse gas emissions from red soil sloping farmland. This is of great significance for responding to climate change, protecting the environment, and achieving sustainable development of agriculture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the walking base structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the support assembly structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection component of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the storage component structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a flow chart of the evaluation system module in the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. walking base plate; 101. wheel frame; 102. tire; 103. reduction box; 104. steering drive motor; 105. walking drive motor; 2. support assembly; 201. fixed rod; 202. support tube; 203. support leg; 204. tooth plate; 205. gear; 206. telescopic drive motor; 3. detection assembly; 301. base; 302. steering seat; 303. angle adjustment drive motor; 304. support rod; 305. top plate; 306. screw rod; 307. lifting drive motor; 308. lifting block; 309. first swing arm; 310. first motor; 311. second swing arm; 312. second motor; 313. greenhouse gas analyzer; 4. storage assembly; 401. fixed base plate; 402. storage strip; 403. guide plate one; 404. guide plate two; 5. evaluation box; 6. camera. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0034] like Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, a soil greenhouse gas emission assessment device for red soil sloping cultivated land described in the present invention comprises a walking base plate 1, a support assembly 2 and a detection assembly 3. The four corners of the bottom of the walking base plate 1 are equipped with steerable tires 102. The steerable tires 102 are installed at the bottom of the device, so that the device can be flexibly moved in different terrains, including red soil sloping cultivated land with a large slope. This design greatly improves the mobility and adaptability of the device, so that it can be quickly deployed to the area that needs to be assessed. Two support assemblies 2 are respectively installed on both sides of the walking base plate 1. The setting of the support assembly 2 enables the device to work stably on uneven ground. The detection assembly 3 is installed on the bottom of the walking base plate 1. An evaluation box 5 and a camera 6 are installed at one end of the top of the walking base plate 1, and the end of the top of the walking base plate 1 away from the detection component 3. The setting of the camera 6 can help the operator to more accurately locate and observe the position of the device and the surrounding environment. The device can help researchers and agricultural managers to formulate more effective soil management strategies, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and improve the carbon sequestration capacity of the soil to combat climate change by accurately evaluating soil greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, the accurate data provided by the device can help scientific researchers better understand the mechanism of soil greenhouse gas emissions, and at the same time provide a scientific basis for agricultural practice and promote the sustainable development of agriculture.

[0035] Among them, the detection component 3 includes a base 301, a lifting block 308, a first swing arm 309 and a second swing arm 311. The base 301 is an inverted "U"-shaped structure. The top of the base 301 is rotatably matched with a steering seat 302. A number of support rods 304 are vertically fixed on the top of the steering seat 302, and a top plate 305 is horizontally fixed on the top of the several support rods 304. The lifting block 308 is lifted and matched on the several support rods 304. The first swing arm 309 is horizontally hinged to one end of the lifting block 308. One end of the second swing arm 311 is connected to the end of the first swing arm 309 away from the lifting block 308. A greenhouse gas analyzer 313 is installed below the end of the second swing arm 311 away from the first swing arm 309. A storage component 4 for storing the probe of the greenhouse gas analyzer 313 is installed on one side of the top of the walking base plate 1. The design of the detection component 3 enables the greenhouse gas analyzer 313 to be accurately inserted into the soil, thereby obtaining accurate gas concentration data.

[0036] In an optional implementation of this embodiment, the four corners of the bottom of the walking base plate 1 are rotatably matched with wheel frames 101, four tires 102 are respectively installed on the four wheel frames 101, and the four wheel frames 101 are each equipped with a walking drive motor 105 that drives the tires 102 to rotate.

[0037] In an optional implementation of this embodiment, a reduction box 103 and a steering drive motor 104 are installed at the four corners of the top of the walking base plate 1, and the steering drive motor 104 drives the wheel frame 101 to rotate through the reduction box 103.

[0038] In an optional implementation of the present embodiment, the support assembly 2 includes a fixed rod 201 and two support tubes 202, the fixed rod 201 is horizontally fixed on one side of the walking base plate 1, and the two support tubes 202 are respectively vertically fixed at both ends of the fixed rod 201, and the two support tubes 202 are both telescopically matched with support legs 203, and the tops of the two support legs 203 are vertically welded with tooth plates 204, and the two support tubes 202 are both installed with telescopic drive motors 206, and the output ends of the two telescopic drive motors 206 are driven by gears 205, and the two gears 205 are respectively engaged with the two tooth plates 204, and the support legs 203 can be telescopically adjusted, so that the device can adapt to different ground conditions, ensure the stability of the device when collecting data, and facilitate the device to accurately measure soil greenhouse gas emissions.

[0039] In an optional implementation of this embodiment, a screw rod 306 is provided for vertical rotation between the steering seat 302 and the top plate 305 , and a nut is embedded in the middle of the lifting block 308 , and the nut is threadedly engaged with the screw rod 306 .

[0040] In an optional implementation of the present embodiment, an angle adjustment drive motor 303 for driving the steering seat 302 to rotate is horizontally installed on one side of the base 301, a lifting drive motor 307 for driving the screw rod 306 to rotate is vertically installed on the top of the top plate 305, a first motor 310 is installed on the end of the top of the lifting block 308 away from the first swing arm 309, the first motor 310 drives the first swing arm 309 to rotate through a transmission belt, and a second motor 312 is installed on the top of the first swing arm 309, and the second motor 312 drives the second swing arm 311 to rotate through a transmission belt.

[0041] In an optional implementation of the present embodiment, the storage component 4 includes a fixed bottom plate 401 and a storage strip 402, the fixed bottom plate 401 is fixed to the top of the walking bottom plate 1, the storage strip 402 is a long strip structure with a storage groove on the top, one end of the bottom of the storage strip 402 is hinged to the top end of the fixed bottom plate 401, the other end of the bottom of the storage strip 402 is hinged to a guide plate 2 404, the end of the guide plate 2 404 away from the storage strip 402 is hinged to a guide plate 1 403, and the end of the guide plate 1 403 away from the guide plate 2 404 is hinged to the top of the fixed bottom plate 401, wherein the hinging between the guide plate 2 404 and the guide plate 1 403 is realized by a positioning hinge.

[0042] In an optional implementation of the present embodiment, a server and a battery are provided in the evaluation box 5, and an evaluation system is installed on the server. The evaluation system includes a data acquisition module, a database management module, a data processing module, an evaluation module, a report production module and a remote communication module. The server and evaluation system built into the evaluation box can automatically process the collected data, including data acquisition, processing, evaluation and report generation. Such automated processing improves the efficiency and accuracy of data processing and reduces human errors.

[0043] In an optional implementation of this embodiment, the data acquisition module is responsible for collecting the data transmitted back by the detection component 3, including the concentration of greenhouse gases such as CO2, CH4, N2O, soil temperature, soil moisture and other environmental parameters, wherein the specific parameters are based on the detection of the greenhouse gas analyzer 313 on the detection component 3; the database management module stores and manages the data collected by the data acquisition module; the data processing module processes the data collected by the data acquisition module, including data cleaning, denoising, and normalization, and performs statistical analysis and flux calculation, and uses data analysis software, including Python, R, and MATLAB, to write data processing algorithms, and the processed data is again handed over to the database management module for storage and management; the evaluation module uses the data processed by the data processing module to analyze and evaluate, determine the greenhouse gas emission flux, trend, and influencing factors, and evaluate the effects of different agricultural measures, and the evaluation results are handed over to the database management module for storage and management; the report production module uses the results of the evaluation module to generate an evaluation report, including charts, statistical results and model predictions, using report generation software, including LaTeX, Microsoft Word, and the assessment report is handed over to the database management module for storage and management; the remote communication module is responsible for data transmission, remote access and command issuance. Data transmission is the transmission of data on the server in the assessment box 5, including raw data, processed data, assessment results and assessment reports, to a remote computer or cloud server through a wireless or wired network. Remote access allows users to access the database and applications on the server from any location via the Internet to perform data query, system monitoring, and parameter setting. Command issuance is to receive commands or requests from remote users and pass these commands to relevant modules of the system, including data acquisition modules and data processing modules. The remote communication module enables users to remotely access and control equipment and obtain data and assessment results in real time. This is particularly useful for large-scale farmland monitoring because it allows users to monitor in different locations or under adverse weather conditions.

[0044] When in use, first, the tire 102 is driven to rotate by the travel drive motor 105, and the steering drive motor 104 is cooperated to drive the tire 102 to turn. Through the cooperation of the travel drive motor 105 and the steering drive motor 104, the device can be flexibly moved and accurately positioned to the designated measurement area, so that the device has strong maneuverability and can adapt to different terrains and measurement requirements, improve work efficiency, ensure that the device can quickly and accurately reach the measurement position, and provide a basis for accurate measurement. Move the device, and in the process of moving the device, observe the surrounding environment by using the camera 6. After the device is moved to the designated measurement area, the gear 205 is driven to rotate by the telescopic drive motor 206. The gear 205 engages with the tooth plate 204 to drive the gear The plate 204 moves, thereby driving the support legs 203 to move, and the support legs 203 are extended downward. The device is supported by adjusting the four support legs 203. The support legs 203 are adjusted by the telescopic drive motor 206 to ensure the stability of the device, thereby improving the stability of the device and the accuracy of measurement, and adapting to different soil surfaces, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the measurement data and avoiding measurement errors caused by unstable equipment. The steering seat 302 is driven to rotate by the angle adjustment drive motor 303 to adjust the detection component 3 to a vertical state. The first swing arm 309 and the second swing arm 311 are driven to rotate by the first motor 310 and the second motor 312 to accurately place the probe of the greenhouse gas analyzer 313 above the soil to be tested, and the probe of the greenhouse gas analyzer 313 is accurately placed above the soil to be tested by the lifting and lowering. The driving motor 307 drives the screw rod 306 to control the lifting block 308 to move up and down, adjust the height of the detection component 3, and insert the probe of the greenhouse gas analyzer 313 at the end of the detection component 3 into the soil. Then, the greenhouse gas analyzer 313 is started to collect the greenhouse gas concentration and environmental parameters in the soil. The equipment automatically reads the data of the greenhouse gas analyzer 313 and transmits it to the server in the evaluation box 5 through the data acquisition module. The automated data acquisition improves the efficiency and accuracy of data collection, ensures that the collected data can accurately reflect the greenhouse gas emissions of the soil, and provides high-quality data for subsequent analysis. The database management module stores the received raw data in the database of the server, and the data processing module processes the collected data. The data is cleaned, denoised, and normalized, and statistically analyzed and flux calculated. The evaluation module uses the processed data for in-depth analysis to determine greenhouse gas emission fluxes, trends, and influencing factors, and evaluates the effects of different agricultural practices. Automated data processing and evaluation improve the efficiency and accuracy of the analysis, and provide detailed greenhouse gas emission information, which can help researchers and agricultural managers understand the emission status and formulate corresponding management measures. The evaluation results are stored in the database for further report generation and remote access. Then, the report production module generates a detailed evaluation report based on the results of the evaluation module, including charts, statistical results, and model predictions. The generated evaluation report is stored in the database for remote user access and downloading.The remote communication module is responsible for transmitting the data on the server, including raw data, processed data, evaluation results and evaluation reports, to a remote computer or cloud server via a wireless or wired network. Remote users can access the database and applications on the server via the Internet to perform data query, system monitoring and parameter setting. Finally, if necessary, the travel drive motor 105 is operated to drive the tire 102 to rotate and move the device to the next measurement position. The steering drive motor 104 is used to drive the wheel frame 101 to rotate through the reduction box 103 to achieve the steering adjustment of the device. After the measurement is completed, the steering seat 302 is driven to rotate by the angle adjustment drive motor 303 to adjust the detection assembly 3 to a horizontal state. The motor 310 and the second motor 312 drive the first swing arm 309 and the second swing arm 311 to rotate, and the probe of the greenhouse gas analyzer 313 is accurately placed in the storage bar 402 of the storage component 4. The walking drive motor 105 moves the device to the next measurement position, and the steering drive motor 104 realizes the steering adjustment of the device. After the measurement is completed, the probe of the greenhouse gas analyzer 313 is stored in the storage component 4, which is convenient for the movement and transfer of the device between different measurement points. The storage of the probe protects the probe from damage, thereby improving the use efficiency and durability of the device, ensuring that the device can maintain a good working state in different measurement environments, and the angle of the storage bar 402 can be adjusted by rotating the storage bar 402.

[0045] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A soil greenhouse gas emission assessment device for red soil sloping cultivated land, comprising a walking base plate (1), a support component (2) and a detection component (3), characterized in that: The four corners of the bottom of the walking base (1) are all equipped with tires (102) that can be turned, the two support components (2) are respectively installed on both sides of the walking base (1), the detection component (3) is installed at one end of the top of the walking base (1), and an evaluation box (5) and a camera (6) are respectively installed at one end of the top of the walking base (1) away from the detection component (3); The detection assembly (3) comprises a base (301), a lifting block (308), a first swing arm (309) and a second swing arm (311); the base (301) is an inverted "U"-shaped structure; the top of the base (301) is rotatably matched with a steering seat (302); a plurality of support rods (304) are vertically fixed to the top of the steering seat (302); a top plate (305) is horizontally fixed to the top of the plurality of support rods (304); the lifting block (308) is lifted and lowered to match On a plurality of support rods (304), the first swing arm (309) is horizontally hinged and matched to one end of a lifting block (308), one end of the second swing arm (311) is connected to one end of the first swing arm (309) away from the lifting block (308), a greenhouse gas analyzer (313) is installed below the end of the second swing arm (311) away from the first swing arm (309), and a storage component (4) for storing a probe of the greenhouse gas analyzer (313) is installed on one side of the top of the walking base plate (1).

2. The red soil sloping farmland soil greenhouse gas emission assessment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four corners of the bottom of the walking base plate (1) are all rotatably matched with wheel frames (101), four tires (102) are respectively mounted on the four wheel frames (101), and the four wheel frames (101) are all mounted with walking drive motors (105) for driving the tires (102) to rotate.

3. The red soil sloping farmland soil greenhouse gas emission assessment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A reduction box (103) and a steering drive motor (104) are installed at the four corners of the top of the walking base plate (1), and the steering drive motor (104) drives the wheel frame (101) to rotate through the reduction box (103).

4. The red soil sloping farmland soil greenhouse gas emission assessment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly (2) comprises a fixed rod (201) and two support cylinders (202); the fixed rod (201) is horizontally fixed to one side of the walking base plate (1); the two support cylinders (202) are respectively vertically fixed to two ends of the fixed rod (201); support legs (203) are telescopically arranged in the two support cylinders (202); tooth plates (204) are vertically welded to the tops of the two support legs (203); telescopic drive motors (206) are installed on the two support cylinders (202); the output ends of the two telescopic drive motors (206) drive gears (205); and the two gears (205) are respectively meshed with the two tooth plates (204).

5. The red soil sloping farmland soil greenhouse gas emission assessment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A screw rod (306) is provided between the steering seat (302) and the top plate (305) for vertical rotation. A nut is embedded through the middle of the lifting block (308), and the nut is threadedly engaged with the screw rod (306).

6. The red soil sloping farmland soil greenhouse gas emission assessment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An angle adjustment driving motor (303) for driving the steering seat (302) to rotate is horizontally installed on one side of the base (301), a lifting driving motor (307) for driving the screw rod (306) to rotate is vertically installed on the top of the top plate (305), a first motor (310) is installed at one end of the top of the lifting block (308) away from the first swing arm (309), the first motor (310) drives the first swing arm (309) to rotate through a transmission belt, and a second motor (312) is installed on the top of the first swing arm (309), and the second motor (312) drives the second swing arm (311) to rotate through a transmission belt.

7. The red soil sloping farmland soil greenhouse gas emission assessment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage assembly (4) comprises a fixed bottom plate (401) and a storage strip (402), wherein the fixed bottom plate (401) is fixed to the top of the walking bottom plate (1), the storage strip (402) is a long strip structure with a storage groove on the top, one end of the bottom of the storage strip (402) is hingedly matched to one end of the top of the fixed bottom plate (401), the other end of the bottom of the storage strip (402) is hingedly connected to a guide plate 2 (404), one end of the guide plate 2 (404) away from the storage strip (402) is hingedly connected to a guide plate 1 (403), and one end of the guide plate 1 (403) away from the guide plate 2 (404) is hingedly connected to the top of the fixed bottom plate (401), wherein the hinge between the guide plate 2 (404) and the guide plate 1 (403) is realized by a positioning hinge.

8. The red soil sloping farmland soil greenhouse gas emission assessment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaluation box 5 is provided with a server and a battery. The server is installed with an evaluation system, which includes a data acquisition module, a database management module, a data processing module, an evaluation module, a report production module and a remote communication module.

9. The red soil sloping farmland soil greenhouse gas emission assessment device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The data acquisition module is responsible for collecting data transmitted back by the detection component (3), including the concentration of greenhouse gases such as CO2, CH4, N2O, soil temperature, soil moisture and other environmental parameters, wherein the specific parameters are based on the detection of the greenhouse gas analyzer (313) on the detection component (3); the database management module stores and manages the data collected by the data acquisition module; the data processing module processes the data collected by the data acquisition module, including data cleaning, denoising, normalization, and statistical analysis and flux calculation, and uses data analysis software, including Python, R, MATLAB, to write data processing algorithms, and the processed data is again handed over to the database management module for storage and management; the evaluation module uses the data processed by the data processing module to analyze and evaluate, determine the greenhouse gas emission flux, trend, and influencing factors, and evaluate the effects of different agricultural measures, and the evaluation results are handed over to the database management module for storage and management; the report production module uses the evaluation module results to generate an evaluation report, including charts, statistical results and model predictions, using report generation software, including LaTeX, Microsoft Word, and the evaluation report is handed over to the database management module for storage and management; the remote communication module is responsible for data transmission, remote access and command issuance. Data transmission is to transmit the data on the server in the evaluation box (5), including raw data, processed data, evaluation results and evaluation reports, to a remote computer or cloud server through a wireless or wired network. Remote access allows users to access the database and application on the server from any location through the Internet to perform data query, system monitoring and parameter setting. Command issuance is to receive commands or requests from remote users and pass these commands to relevant modules of the system, including a data acquisition module and a data processing module.

10. A method for using the red soil sloping farmland soil greenhouse gas emission assessment device as claimed in claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method of use specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: The walking drive motor (105) drives the tire (102) to rotate, and cooperates with the steering drive motor (104) to drive the tire (102) to turn, and move the device. During the process of moving the device, the surrounding environment is observed by using the camera (6). After the device is moved to the designated measurement area, the telescopic drive motor (206) drives the gear (205) to rotate, and the gear (205) engages with the toothed plate (204) to drive the toothed plate (204) to move, thereby driving the support leg (203) to move, and the support leg (203) is extended downward. By adjusting the four support legs (203), The device is supported, and the steering seat (302) is driven to rotate by an angle adjustment driving motor (303), so that the detection assembly (3) is adjusted to a vertical state, and the first swing arm (309) and the second swing arm (311) are driven to rotate by a first motor (310) and a second motor (312), so that the probe of the greenhouse gas analyzer (313) is accurately placed above the soil to be tested, and the screw rod (306) is driven by a lifting driving motor (307) to control the lifting block (308) to move up and down, so as to adjust the height of the detection assembly (3), so that the probe of the greenhouse gas analyzer (313) at the end of the detection assembly (3) is inserted into the soil; Step 2: Start the greenhouse gas analyzer (313) and start collecting the greenhouse gas concentration and environmental parameters in the soil. The device automatically reads the data of the greenhouse gas analyzer (313) and transmits it to the server in the evaluation box (5) through the data acquisition module. The database management module stores the received raw data in the database of the server. The data processing module cleans, denoises, and normalizes the collected data, and performs statistical analysis and flux calculation. The evaluation module uses the processed data to perform in-depth analysis to determine the greenhouse gas emission flux, trend, and influencing factors, and evaluate the effects of different agricultural measures. The evaluation results are stored in the database for further report generation and remote access. Step 3: The report production module generates a detailed evaluation report based on the results of the evaluation module, including charts, statistical results and model predictions. The generated evaluation report is stored in the database for remote users to access and download. The remote communication module is responsible for transmitting the data on the server, including raw data, processed data, evaluation results and evaluation reports, to the remote computer or cloud server through wireless or wired networks. Remote users can access the database and application on the server through the Internet to perform data query, system monitoring and parameter setting; Step 4: If necessary, the travel drive motor (105) is operated to drive the tire (102) to rotate and move the device to the next measurement position. The steering drive motor (104) is used to drive the wheel frame (101) to rotate through the reduction box (103) to achieve the steering adjustment of the device. After the measurement is completed, the steering seat (302) is driven to rotate by the angle adjustment drive motor (303) to adjust the detection assembly (3) to a horizontal state. The first swing arm (309) and the second swing arm (311) are driven to rotate by the first motor (310) and the second motor (312) to accurately place the probe of the greenhouse gas analyzer (313) in the storage bar (402) of the storage assembly (4). The angle of the storage bar (402) can be adjusted by rotating the storage bar (402).

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