Tunnel drilling self-adaptive detection while drilling device, drilling machine and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel drilling equipment, and particularly discloses a self-adaptive while-drilling detection device for tunnel drilling, a drilling machine and a method. The self-adaptive while-drilling detection device for tunnel drilling comprises a containing bin, a reconfigurable execution module, a base, a detection head and an action module. According to the tunnel drilling self-adaptive while-drilling detection device, the drilling machine and the method, during tunnel drilling operation, the reconfigurable execution modules and the detection heads can retract into the containing bins to achieve self-protection, gravel collision and damage to the while-drilling detection device are avoided, and dust erosion and damage to the while-drilling detection device are also avoided; the service life of the while-drilling detection device is prolonged, and the efficiency of tunnel drilling operation is improved; in the detection period, the set reconfigurable execution module is in the extending posture, and the set reconfigurable execution module is in the swinging posture, so that the orientation of the detection head is flexibly adjusted, the detection head can face any direction, a detection blind area is completely eradicated, and the detection precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel drilling equipment, and in particular relates to a tunnel drilling adaptive detection while drilling device, a drilling machine and a method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the national economy and the continuous acceleration of urbanization, more and more tunnels such as subway tunnels, cross-sea tunnels, highway tunnels, railway tunnels, and municipal tunnels are being constructed. Among them, drilling rigs are important equipment for tunnel construction and can be used for drilling operations. With the mature application of drilling rigs in tunnel construction, and considering the geological complexity of some construction areas, in order to further improve the safety of tunnel drilling operations, it is hoped that a drilling detection device will be arranged on the drilling rig. During the drilling process of the drilling rig, the geological conditions ahead of the drilling are detected by the drilling detection device. However, during the drilling operation of the drilling rig tunnel, there will be splashing of gravel, or gravel falling from the tunnel roof, and more dust will be generated during the drilling process. These splashing or falling gravel will knock and damage the drilling detection device, and the dust will corrode and damage the drilling detection device, resulting in a short service life of the drilling detection device, which needs to be replaced frequently, reducing the efficiency of the drilling operation and increasing the cost investment. In addition, the current drilling detection device has a single detection head orientation adjustment, a detection blind spot, low detection accuracy, and safety hazards. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel drilling adaptive detection while drilling device, a drilling rig and a method, which can be retracted to achieve self-protection during the tunnel drilling operation of the drilling rig, and can flexibly adjust the direction of the detection head during detection.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0005] A tunnel drilling adaptive drilling detection device comprises: a storage chamber, which is used to be arranged on a drilling rig; a reconfigurable execution module, wherein a plurality of reconfigurable execution modules are sequentially connected to form a columnar structure; a base, which is arranged at the bottom of the storage chamber and connected to the lowest reconfigurable execution module; a detection head, which is connected to the uppermost reconfigurable execution module and is used for geological detection; and an action module, which is used to drive any reconfigurable execution module to extend or retract or swing toward any side, and to maintain the extension or swinging posture of the reconfigurable execution module.

[0006] Furthermore, the reconfigurable execution module includes a lower support seat, an upper support seat, a variable stiffness spring and a deformable bracket; at least three variable stiffness springs are connected between the edge of the lower support seat and the edge of the upper support seat; the deformable bracket is connected between the edge of the lower support seat and the edge of the upper support seat; the action module includes a rope hoisting mechanism and an action rope, the rope hoisting mechanism is arranged on the base, at least three action ropes are connected between the edge of the lower support seat and the edge of the upper support seat, one end of each action rope is connected to the rope hoisting mechanism, the rope hoisting mechanism is used to reel in and release the action rope, so that the variable stiffness spring restores its initial stiffness or reduces the stiffness of at least one variable stiffness spring and restores its initial stiffness, the deformable bracket and the action rope drive the upper support seat to move away, approach or swing relative to the lower support seat, so as to realize the extending, retracting or swinging posture of the reconfigurable execution module.

[0007] Furthermore, the other end of the action rope is connected to the upper support seat of the top reconfigurable execution module, and the action rope then passes through the lower support seat of the top reconfigurable execution module and the upper support seats and lower support seats of other reconfigurable execution modules.

[0008] Furthermore, the rope hoisting mechanism includes a motor and a hoisting drum, the output shaft of the motor is connected to the hoisting drum, one end of each action rope is connected to the hoisting drum, and the action rope is wound around the hoisting drum.

[0009] Furthermore, the variable stiffness spring comprises a spring body and a heating wire, the spring body is made of a low melting point alloy, and the heating wire is embedded in the spring body.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper support seat and / or the lower support seat is provided with an ultrasonic sensor, and the ultrasonic sensor detects the phase change of the variable stiffness spring.

[0011] Furthermore, the low melting point alloy is set to be an indium-based alloy.

[0012] Furthermore, the detection head is configured as an ultrasonic radar.

[0013] A drilling rig is provided with the above-mentioned tunnel drilling adaptive detection while drilling device.

[0014] An adaptive while-drilling detection method for tunnel drilling, using the above-mentioned drilling rig, wherein the method is selectively operated during tunnel drilling operation and detection period:

[0015] During tunnel drilling operations, the stiffness of each variable stiffness spring of each reconfigurable execution module is reduced, and the rope hoisting mechanism reels in each action rope. The action rope drives the upper support seat of each reconfigurable execution module closer to the lower support seat, the deformable bracket is compressed, and each reconfigurable execution module and the detection head are retracted into the accommodation chamber.

[0016] During the detection period, each reconfigurable execution module is operated in sequence along the direction from near to far from the action module; when the set reconfigurable execution module needs to be in an extended posture, the stiffness of each variable stiffness spring is reduced, and the rope hoisting mechanism releases each action rope. Under the action of the elastic restoring force of the deformable bracket, the upper support seat is moved away from the lower support seat, and the variable stiffness spring is restored to its initial stiffness; when the set reconfigurable execution module needs to be in a swinging posture, the stiffness of at least one variable stiffness spring is reduced, and the rope hoisting mechanism reels in at least one action rope. Under the action of the traction force of the action rope and the elastic restoring force of the deformable bracket, the upper support seat swings toward the side of the action rope relative to the lower support seat, and then the variable stiffness spring is restored to its initial stiffness.

[0017] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0018] The tunnel drilling adaptive downhole detection device, drilling rig and method of the present invention can retract each reconfigurable execution module and the detection head into the storage compartment to achieve self-protection during the tunnel drilling operation, thereby preventing the downhole detection device from being knocked by gravel and damaged, and also preventing the downhole detection device from being damaged by dust erosion, thereby extending the service life of the downhole detection device and improving the efficiency of the tunnel drilling operation; during the detection period, the reconfigurable execution module is set to be in an extended posture, and the reconfigurable execution module is set to be in a swinging posture, so as to flexibly adjust the direction of the detection head, so that the detection head can be directed to any direction, eliminating detection blind spots and improving detection accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front view of a drilling rig according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 The drilling rig of the present invention is schematically shown during detection. Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 3 The drilling rig of the present invention is schematically shown during detection. Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 4 The drilling rig of the present invention is schematically shown during detection. Figure 3 ;

[0023] Figure 5 A three-dimensional diagram of an adaptive detection-while-drilling device for tunnel drilling according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 The reconfigurable execution module of the embodiment of the present invention is in a three-dimensional state in which the reconfigurable execution module is in an extended state. Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 7The reconfigurable execution module of the embodiment of the present invention is in a three-dimensional state in which the reconfigurable execution module is in an extended state. Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a front view of the reconfigurable execution module in an extended posture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Fig. 9 A side view of a reconfigurable execution module in an extended position according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.10 A three-dimensional diagram of a reconfigurable execution module in a retracted posture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.11 The reconfigurable execution module of the embodiment of the present invention is swung 30° to one side. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Fig.12 The reconfigurable execution module of the embodiment of the present invention is swung 30° to one side. Figure 2 ;

[0031] Fig.13 This is a front view of a reconfigurable execution module according to an embodiment of the present invention that is swung 30° to one side;

[0032] Fig.14 The reconfigurable execution module of the embodiment of the present invention is swung 45 degrees to one side. Figure 1 ;

[0033] Fig.15 The reconfigurable execution module of the embodiment of the present invention is swung 45 degrees to one side. Figure 2 ;

[0034] Fig.16 This is a front view of a reconfigurable execution module according to an embodiment of the present invention that is swung 45° to one side;

[0035] Fig.17 A side view of a reconfigurable execution module according to an embodiment of the present invention swinging 45 degrees to one side;

[0036] Fig.18 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the base and the partial structure of the action module of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.19 is a cross-sectional view of a variable stiffness spring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig. 20 This is an operation logic diagram of the tunnel drilling adaptive detection while drilling method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Reference numerals:

[0040] 1. Accommodating chamber, 2. Reconfigurable execution module, 21. Lower support seat, 22. Upper support seat, 23. Variable stiffness spring, 231. Heating wire, 24. Deformable bracket, 25. Rope hole, 26. Assembly hole, 27. Ultrasonic sensor, 3. Base, 31. Lower cavity, 32. Upper cavity, 4. Detection head, 5. Cover body, 611. Motor, 612. Winch, 62. Action rope, 63. Fixed pulley, 7. Drilling rig, 71. Drilling rig body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and beneficial effects of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Certain embodiments of the present invention will be described more comprehensively with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some but not all embodiments will be shown. In fact, the various embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention meets applicable legal requirements.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", "lower", "front", "back" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present invention, a tunnel drilling adaptive detection device, drilling machine and method are provided. Please refer to Figures 1 to 20 shown.

[0044] A tunnel drilling adaptive detection while drilling device comprises a storage compartment 1, a reconfigurable execution module 2, a base 3, a detection head 4, an action module and the like.

[0045] The storage bin 1 is used to be arranged on the drilling rig. The storage bin 1 is a cylindrical structure. Each reconfigurable execution module 2 and the detection head 4 can be retracted into the storage bin 1. A cover body 5 is arranged outside the upper end of the detection head 4. After each reconfigurable execution module 2 and the detection head 4 are completely retracted into the storage bin 1, the lower end of the cover body 5 cooperates with the upper end of the storage bin 1 to wrap each reconfigurable execution module 2 and the detection head 4 through the cover body 5 and the storage bin 1, so as to avoid the collision of gravel and damage to the drilling detection device, and also to avoid the erosion of dust and damage to the drilling detection device.

[0046] Several reconfigurable execution modules 2 are connected in sequence to form a columnar structure.

[0047] The reconfigurable execution module 2 includes a lower support seat 21, an upper support seat 22, a variable stiffness spring 23 and a deformable bracket 24. Four variable stiffness springs 23 are connected between the edge of the lower support seat 21 and the edge of the upper support seat 22, and the four variable stiffness springs 23 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction.

[0048] The upper support seat 22 of one adjacent reconfigurable execution module 2 is assembled and connected to the lower support seat 21 of another adjacent reconfigurable execution module 2. A cross-shaped assembly hole 26 is provided on each of the upper support seat 22 and the lower support seat 21, and an assembly part (such as a bolt) is assembled and connected to connect two adjacent assembly holes 26 to realize the assembly between the adjacent upper support seats 22 and the lower support seats 21.

[0049] The edge of the lower support seat 21 and the edge of the upper support seat 22 are connected with a deformable support 24, and the deformable support 24 is an annular grid structure along the circumference. The deformable support 24 is made of elastic material and can be extended and retracted under the action of external force.

[0050] The base 3 is disposed at the bottom of the storage compartment 1 , and the base 3 is connected to the lowest reconfigurable execution module 2 .

[0051] The detection head 4 is configured as an ultrasonic radar, and is connected to the topmost reconfigurable execution module 2, and is used for geological detection. The assembly hole 26 of the upper support seat 22 of the topmost reconfigurable execution module 2 is connected to the detection head 4 via an assembly part.

[0052] The action module is used to drive any reconfigurable execution module 2 to extend or swing toward any side, and to keep the reconfigurable execution module 2 in the extending or swinging posture.

[0053] The action module includes a rope hoisting mechanism and an action rope 62. The rope hoisting mechanism is arranged in the lower cavity 31 of the base 3. A fixed pulley 63 is arranged in the upper cavity 32 of the base 3. When the action rope 62 passes through the base 3, it is connected to the rope hoisting mechanism via the fixed pulley 63. Four action ropes 62 are connected between the edge of the lower support seat 21 and the edge of the upper support seat 22. The four action ropes 62 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. One end of each action rope 62 is connected to the rope hoisting mechanism, and the rope hoisting mechanism is used to reel in and release the action rope 62.

[0054] The variable stiffness spring 23 is restored to its initial stiffness, and the deformable bracket 24 and the action rope 62 drive the upper support seat 22 to move away from the lower support seat 21, so as to realize the extended posture of the reconfigurable execution module 2. Specifically, when the reconfigurable execution module 2 changes from the retracted posture to the extended posture, the stiffness of each variable stiffness spring 23 of the reconfigurable execution module 2 is first reduced, and the rope hoisting mechanism releases each action rope 62, and the elastic restoring force of the deformable bracket 24 drives the upper support seat 22 to move away from the lower support seat 21, and drives the variable stiffness spring 23 to extend, and the deformable bracket 24 extends under its elastic restoring force, and then the variable stiffness spring 23 is restored to its initial stiffness, so as to realize the extended posture of the reconfigurable execution module 2.

[0055] The stiffness of each variable stiffness spring 23 is reduced and the initial stiffness is restored, and the deformable bracket 24 and the action rope 62 drive the upper support seat 22 to approach the lower support seat 21 to achieve the retracted posture of the reconfigurable execution module 2. Specifically, when the reconfigurable execution module 2 changes from the extended posture or the swing posture to the retracted posture, the stiffness of each variable stiffness spring 23 of the reconfigurable execution module 2 is first reduced, and the rope hoisting mechanism rewinds each action rope 62, and the action rope 62 drives the upper support seat 22 of each reconfigurable execution module 2 to approach the lower support seat 21, and drives the variable stiffness spring 23 to shorten, the deformable bracket 24 is compressed, and then the variable stiffness spring 23 is restored to the initial stiffness, and the retracted posture of the reconfigurable execution module 2 is achieved.

[0056] The stiffness of at least one variable stiffness spring 23 is reduced and restored to its initial stiffness, and the deformable bracket 24 and the action rope 62 drive the upper support seat 22 to swing relative to the lower support seat 21 to achieve the swinging posture of the reconfigurable execution module 2. Specifically, when the reconfigurable execution module 2 changes from an extended posture to a swinging posture, the stiffness of each variable stiffness spring 23 of the reconfigurable execution module 2 is reduced, the rope hoisting mechanism reels in the action rope 62 near the side that needs to be tilted downward, and the rope hoisting mechanism releases the action rope 62 on the opposite side of the side that needs to be tilted downward. The action rope 62 drives the upper support seat 22 of the reconfigurable execution module 2 to be tilted downward to be closer to the lower support seat 21, and the elastic restoring force of the deformable bracket 24 drives the upper support seat 22 of the reconfigurable execution module 2 to be tilted downward to be closer to the lower support seat 21 relative to the lower support seat 21, and the variable stiffness spring 23 on the side that needs to be tilted downward is shortened, and the variable stiffness spring 23 on the opposite side of the side that needs to be tilted downward is extended, one side of the deformable bracket 24 is compressed, and the other side of the deformable bracket 24 continues to extend under its elastic restoring force, and then the variable stiffness spring 23 is restored to its initial stiffness, thereby realizing the swinging posture of the reconfigurable execution module 2.

[0057] The other end of the action rope 62 is connected to the upper support seat 22 of the topmost reconfigurable execution module 2, and the action rope 62 then passes through the lower support seat 21 of the topmost reconfigurable execution module 2 and the upper support seats 22 and lower support seats 21 of other reconfigurable execution modules 2. Among them, the lower support seat 21 of the topmost reconfigurable execution module 2 is provided with a rope hole 25, and the upper support seats 22 and lower support seats 21 of other reconfigurable execution modules 2 are also provided with rope holes 25, and the action rope 62 passes through each rope hole 25.

[0058] The rope hoisting mechanism includes a motor 611 and a hoisting drum 612. The output shaft of the motor 611 is connected to the hoisting drum 612. One end of each action rope 62 is connected to the hoisting drum 612. The action rope 62 is wound around the hoisting drum 612. The output shaft of the motor 611 drives the hoisting drum 612 to rotate forward or reverse to reel in or release the action rope 62.

[0059] The variable stiffness spring 23 includes a spring body and a heating wire 231. The outside of the spring body is wrapped with a flexible silicone layer. The spring body is made of a low melting point alloy. The heating wire 231 is specifically a resistance wire, and the heating wire 231 is embedded in the spring body. Among them, the low melting point alloy is set to an indium-based alloy, specifically an indium-bismuth-tin alloy. The indium-based alloy has a very low expansion coefficient, a melting point between 60° and 120°, and a very small volume change between solid and liquid states, which is suitable for high-precision dimensional control of the variable stiffness spring 23. The spring body is heated by the heating wire 231, so that the variable stiffness spring 23 changes from a solid state to a liquid state, so as to reduce the stiffness of the variable stiffness spring 23, and the variable stiffness spring 23 becomes soft.

[0060] The upper support seat 22 is provided with an ultrasonic sensor 27 , which corresponds to the variable stiffness spring 23 one by one. The ultrasonic sensor 27 detects the phase change of the variable stiffness spring 23 .

[0061] The control unit is respectively connected to the ultrasonic sensor 27 and the control end of the rope hoisting mechanism by signal. When the ultrasonic sensor 27 detects the phase change of the variable stiffness spring 23, the signal is uploaded to the control unit, and the control unit triggers the action of the rope hoisting mechanism.

[0062] A drilling rig 7 is provided with the tunnel drilling adaptive detection while drilling device of this embodiment, and a drilling rig body 71 of the drilling rig 7 is used for tunnel drilling operation.

[0063] An adaptive while-drilling detection method for tunnel drilling, using the drilling machine 7 described above in this embodiment, the method is selectively operated during the tunnel drilling operation and the detection period:

[0064] During the tunnel boring operation, the stiffness of each variable stiffness spring 23 of each reconfigurable execution module 2 is reduced, and the rope hoisting mechanism reels in each action rope 62. The action rope 62 drives the upper support seat 22 of each reconfigurable execution module 2 to move closer to the lower support seat 21. The deformable bracket 24 is compressed, and each reconfigurable execution module 2 and the detection head 4 are retracted into the accommodating chamber 1.

[0065] During the detection period, each reconfigurable execution module 2 is operated in sequence along the direction from near to far from the action module; when the set reconfigurable execution module 2 needs to be in an extended posture, the stiffness of each variable stiffness spring 23 of the reconfigurable execution module 2 is reduced, and the rope hoisting mechanism releases each action rope 62. Under the elastic restoring force of the deformable bracket 24, the upper support seat 22 moves away from the lower support seat 21, and the variable stiffness spring 23 is restored to its initial stiffness; when the set reconfigurable execution module 2 needs to be in a swinging posture, the stiffness of at least one variable stiffness spring 23 is reduced, and the rope hoisting mechanism reels in at least one action rope 62. Under the traction force of the action rope 62 and the elastic restoring force of the deformable bracket 24, the upper support seat 22 swings toward the side of the action rope 62 relative to the lower support seat 21, and then the variable stiffness spring 23 is restored to its initial stiffness.

[0066] So far, the present embodiment has been described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art should have a clear understanding of the tunnel drilling adaptive detection device, drilling rig and method of the present invention. During the tunnel drilling operation, the tunnel drilling adaptive detection device, drilling rig and method of the present invention, each reconfigurable execution module 2 and the detection head 4 can be retracted into the accommodating chamber 1 to achieve self-protection, avoid stone collisions and damage to the drilling detection device, and avoid dust erosion and damage to the drilling detection device, thereby extending the service life of the drilling detection device and improving the efficiency of the tunnel drilling operation; during the detection period, the reconfigurable execution module 2 is set to be in an extended posture, and the reconfigurable execution module 2 is set to be in a swinging posture, so as to flexibly adjust the direction of the detection head 4, so that the detection head 4 can be directed to any direction, eliminating detection blind spots, and improving detection accuracy.

[0067] Of course, the specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive while-drilling detection device for tunnel drilling, characterized in that: include: A containing chamber, used for being arranged on a drilling rig; Reconfigurable execution module, a plurality of reconfigurable execution modules are sequentially connected to form a columnar structure; A base, disposed at the bottom of the accommodation compartment and connected to the lowest reconfigurable execution module; A detection head, connected to the uppermost reconfigurable execution module, for geological detection; The action module is used to drive any reconfigurable execution module to extend or swing to any side, and maintain the extension or swing posture of the reconfigurable execution module.

2. The tunnel drilling adaptive detection while drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reconfigurable execution module includes a lower support seat, an upper support seat, a variable stiffness spring and a deformable bracket; At least three variable stiffness springs are connected between the edge of the lower support seat and the edge of the upper support seat; A deformable bracket is connected between the edge of the lower support seat and the edge of the upper support seat; The action module includes a rope hoisting mechanism and an action rope. The rope hoisting mechanism is arranged on the base. At least three action ropes are connected between the edge of the lower support seat and the edge of the upper support seat. One end of each action rope is connected to the rope hoisting mechanism. The rope hoisting mechanism is used to reel in and release the action rope to restore the variable stiffness spring to its initial stiffness or reduce the stiffness of at least one variable stiffness spring and restore the initial stiffness. The deformable bracket and the action rope drive the upper support seat to move away from, approach or swing relative to the lower support seat to realize the extension, retraction or swinging posture of the reconfigurable execution module.

3. The tunnel drilling adaptive detection while drilling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The other end of the action rope is connected to the upper support seat of the topmost reconfigurable execution module, and the action rope then passes through the lower support seat of the topmost reconfigurable execution module and the upper support seats and lower support seats of other reconfigurable execution modules.

4. The tunnel drilling adaptive detection while drilling device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The rope hoisting mechanism comprises a motor and a hoisting drum, wherein the output shaft of the motor is connected to the hoisting drum, one end of each action rope is connected to the hoisting drum, and the action rope is wound around the hoisting drum.

5. The tunnel drilling adaptive detection while drilling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The variable stiffness spring comprises a spring body and a heating wire, wherein the spring body is made of a low melting point alloy, and the heating wire is embedded in the spring body.

6. The tunnel drilling adaptive detection while drilling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper support seat and / or the lower support seat are provided with an ultrasonic sensor, and the ultrasonic sensor detects the phase change of the variable stiffness spring.

7. The tunnel drilling adaptive detection while drilling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The low melting point alloy is set to be an indium-based alloy.

8. The tunnel drilling adaptive detection while drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection head is configured as an ultrasonic radar.

9. A drilling rig, characterized in that: The drilling rig is provided with a tunnel drilling adaptive detection while drilling device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An adaptive while-drilling detection method for tunnel drilling, characterized in that: Using a drilling rig as claimed in claim 9, the method is selectively operated during tunnel boring operations and during detection: During the tunnel boring operation, the stiffness of each variable stiffness spring of each reconfigurable execution module is reduced, the rope hoisting mechanism reels each action rope, the action rope drives the upper support seat of each reconfigurable execution module to be closer to the lower support seat, the deformable bracket is compressed, and each reconfigurable execution module and the detection head are retracted into the accommodation chamber; During the detection period, each reconfigurable execution module is operated in sequence along the direction from near to far from the action module; when the set reconfigurable execution module needs to be in an extended posture, the stiffness of each variable stiffness spring is reduced, and the rope hoisting mechanism releases each action rope. Under the action of the elastic restoring force of the deformable bracket, the upper support seat is moved away from the lower support seat, and the variable stiffness spring is restored to its initial stiffness; when the set reconfigurable execution module needs to be in a swinging posture, the stiffness of at least one variable stiffness spring is reduced, and the rope hoisting mechanism reels in at least one action rope. Under the action of the traction force of the action rope and the elastic restoring force of the deformable bracket, the upper support seat swings toward the side of the action rope relative to the lower support seat, and then the variable stiffness spring is restored to its initial stiffness.

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