High-power microwave coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter
By designing a high-power microwave mode converter composed of two nested circular waveguides, the problem of poor compactness and difficult processing of mode converters in the prior art is solved, and efficient coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode conversion is achieved. , and has broad application prospects.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411620087.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-07
AI Technical Summary
The existing high-power microwave mode converters have problems such as non-coaxial input ports and output ports, poor structural compactness, difficulty in processing, narrow bandwidth and long conversion length, making it difficult to achieve efficient coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode conversion.
Design a high-power microwave coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter composed of two circular waveguides. The circular waveguide 1 is nested in the circular waveguide 2 to form a coaxial structure, the central axis is coaxial, and the circular waveguide 1 is passed through the circular waveguide 1 Rectangular ports realize energy coupling.
It realizes coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode conversion with simple and compact structure and easy processing, with a conversion efficiency of up to 99.3%, a relative bandwidth of 5.2%, and the input port and output port are coaxial, which is convenient for system integration.
Smart Images
Figure FT_1 
Figure FT_2 
Figure FT_3
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of high-power microwave mode conversion, and in particular relates to a coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter with easy processing, compact structure, and coaxial input port and output port centers. Background Art
[0002] As a transmission device of high-power microwave system, high-power microwave mode converter not only affects the performance of high-power microwave source, but also affects the efficiency, bandwidth and volume of the whole system, and is the key to the application of high-power microwave technology. With the rapid development of high-power microwave technology, high-power microwave mode converter is developing towards wideband and miniaturization while pursuing high efficiency and high power capacity. At present, most high-power microwave sources output microwave signals in the rotational axis symmetric mode of circular (or coaxial) waveguide, mainly circular waveguide TM01 mode and coaxial waveguide TEM mode. Since these modes have field distribution and polarization direction with rotational symmetry around the axis of waveguide cross section, their radiation pattern presents an annular far-field pattern with almost zero axial direction. If the radiating antenna of the system is driven directly, problems such as zero axial radiation, energy dispersion and high sidelobe level will occur, which is not conducive to the efficient directional effect of high-power microwave source energy. In order to make microwave energy more effectively transmitted and radiated, it is necessary to convert these rotational axis symmetric modes into Gaussian-like modes with the largest axial energy, such as circular waveguide TE11 mode or circular waveguide HE11 mode, and finally act on the target efficiently and concentratedly through the radiating antenna. Therefore, before the high-power microwave system radiates energy, it is necessary to use a mode converter to convert the circular waveguide TM01 mode or the coaxial TEM mode into a circular waveguide TE11 mode with strong directivity and directional radiation.
[0003] Waveguide mode converters can be roughly divided into axis bending type, straight type and branch type according to their structure. The axis bending type mode converter is mainly designed based on the mode coupling theory, and has the characteristics of high conversion efficiency and high power capacity. However, there are problems such as the input port and the output port are not coaxial, the length required for conversion is long, the volume is bulky, and it is not conducive to system integration. In order to solve this problem, design methods of double-bend, triple-bend structure, and serpentine structure waveguide mode converters were proposed later, but these mode converters have the problems of narrow bandwidth, long conversion length, and difficult processing. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention designs a high-power microwave coaxial TEM-TE11 mode converter that is easy to process, compact in structure, and has coaxial input and output port centers. Summary of the invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to design a high-power microwave mode converter which is easy to process, compact in structure and has coaxial input and output ports, so as to realize the mode conversion of the coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11.
[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A high-power microwave coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter, characterized in that: it is mainly composed of two circular waveguides, wherein the circular waveguide 1 is nested in the circular waveguide 2 to form a coaxial structure with coaxial central axes; two rectangular ports are opened on the side walls on both sides of the circular waveguide 1 to realize energy coupling as a coupling mechanism; the end of the circular waveguide 2 is transitionally connected to the circular waveguide 1.
[0006] Further, the radius of the circular waveguide 2 is R2, which satisfies the condition: , where c is the speed of light and f is the operating frequency of the mode converter.
[0007] Furthermore, the radius of the circular waveguide 1 is R1, which satisfies the following conditions: .
[0008] The process of mode conversion of the present invention is as follows: port 1 of the mode converter is connected to a high-power microwave source, a coaxial TEM mode is injected, and the coaxial TEM mode forms a circular waveguide TE11 mode in the circular waveguide 2 through energy coupling of two coupling ports of the circular waveguide 1.
[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) Simple, compact structure and easy processing. By simply nesting two circular waveguides, the conversion from the coaxial TEM mode to the circular waveguide TE11 mode can be achieved, which has the advantages of simple, compact structure and easy processing.
[0010] (2) High conversion efficiency and wide operating frequency band. The maximum conversion efficiency of the mode of the present invention can reach 99.3%, and the relative bandwidth of the conversion efficiency greater than 90% is 5.2%, which meets the requirements of high-power microwave systems.
[0011] (3) The input port and the output port of the present invention are coaxial, and can be easily integrated with other devices, thereby reducing the volume and weight of the system and having broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the high-power microwave mode converter of the present invention.
[0013] Figure 2 It is a front view of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention.
[0014] Figure 3 It is a conversion efficiency curve diagram of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention.
[0015] Figure 4 A reflection coefficient curve of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention.
[0016] Reference numerals: 1, 2-circular waveguide, 3, 4-coupling port DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention designs a high-power microwave coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter, which is characterized by: mainly consisting of two circular waveguides, wherein the circular waveguide 1 is nested in the circular waveguide 2 to form a coaxial structure with the central axis coaxial; two rectangular ports are opened on the side walls on both sides of the circular waveguide 1 as a coupling mechanism to realize energy coupling; the end of the circular waveguide 2 is transitionally connected to the circular waveguide 1.
[0019] Figure 2 It is the main view of the mode converter, and the size parameters of the mode converter are marked.
[0020] In order to ensure that the circular waveguide (2) can transmit the TM01 mode and cut off the high-order modes above TE21, the circular waveguide (2) should meet the following conditions: ; Where c is the speed of light, and f is the operating frequency of the mode converter. The operating frequency of the system of the present invention is 2.9 GHz, so the radius of the circular waveguide (2) can be designed to be R2=45.0 mm; similarly, in order to suppress the high-order mode and not affect the transmission of the circular waveguide TE11 mode, the radius of the circular waveguide (1) should meet the following conditions: ; The radius of the circular waveguide (1) is R1 = 60.0 mm; Figure 3 This is a conversion efficiency curve of the high-power microwave mode converter of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the conversion efficiency of the mode converter exceeds 90% in the frequency range of 2.85GHz~3.00GHz, the relative bandwidth is 5.2%, the conversion efficiency at 2.9GHz is 98.8%, and the maximum conversion efficiency can reach 99.3%. The results show that the device can achieve efficient mode conversion, and most of the energy of the input coaxial TEM mode is converted into the circular waveguide TE11 mode.
[0021] Figure 4This is a reflection coefficient curve of the high-power microwave mode converter of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the device is less than -10dB in the frequency range of 2.84GHz~3.0GHz, and the reflection coefficient at 2.9GHz is -19.3dB, which meets the requirements of engineering applications. The results show that the device is well matched and has low reflection in the working frequency band.
[0022] In summary, the high-power microwave mode converter of the present invention has the advantages of easy processing, compact structure, coaxial center of the input port and the output port, etc., and can be applied to high-power microwave systems.
Claims
1. A high power microwave coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter, characterized in that: It is mainly composed of two circular waveguides, wherein the circular waveguide 1 is nested in the circular waveguide 2 to form a coaxial structure with coaxial central axes; two rectangular ports are opened on the side walls of the circular waveguide 1 to realize energy coupling as a coupling mechanism; the end of the circular waveguide 2 is transitionally connected to the circular waveguide 1.
2. A high-power microwave coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radius of the circular waveguide 2 is R2, which satisfies the condition: , where c is the speed of light and f is the operating frequency of the mode converter.
3. A high power microwave coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radius of the circular waveguide 1 is R1, which satisfies the following conditions: .