Virtual power plant-containing power grid frequency emergency control method and device, and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a frequency emergency control method and device for a power grid containing a virtual power plant and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of power grid frequency control. Determining a load shedding cost factor of the safety control load shedding station and a power plant power adjustment cost factor of the virtual power plant according to the active power, the load shedding power, the upper limit value of the power plant power adjustable quantity and the power plant power adjustable quantity; and according to the load shedding cost factor, the power plant power adjustment cost factor, the DC power adjustable quantity, the load shedding power and the power plant power adjustable quantity, taking the minimum control cost of frequency emergency control as a target to obtain emergency control data, and performing frequency emergency control operation on the target power grid. Therefore, on the premise of effectively controlling the frequency of the receiving-end power grid, the control cost is reduced as much as possible, the control speed is improved, and the frequency control effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of power grid frequency control, and in particular, relates to a method, device and storage medium for emergency control of power grid frequency including a virtual power plant. Background Art

[0002] As the power system transforms from the traditional reliance on mechanical rotation inertia to maintain stability to one that includes large-capacity DC transmission and power electronic equipment loads, it is urgent to systematically review the power grid security defense system to ensure safe and stable operation of the system.

[0003] At present, in the power grid security defense system for new power systems, in order to deal with the problem of a sharp drop in frequency caused by high power shortage events such as UHV DC blocking or large unit disconnection in the receiving power grid with multiple DC feeds, the power system will take certain emergency control measures to achieve the purpose of stabilizing the receiving power grid frequency. However, the existing frequency emergency control schemes used for the receiving power grid are relatively extensive and the control effect is not good. For example, the control cost is high, the control time is long, or the stability of the power grid frequency cannot be maintained. Therefore, a better frequency emergency control scheme is urgently needed to improve the control effect of the receiving power grid frequency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application proposes a method, device, storage medium, electronic device and computer program product for emergency frequency control of a power grid including a virtual power plant, which can effectively improve the frequency emergency control effect of the receiving power grid.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for emergency control of power grid frequency including a virtual power plant, comprising:

[0006] When a large power shortage event is detected in the target power grid, the adjustable power of each virtual power plant and the upper limit of the adjustable power of each power plant in the target power grid, the active power and the shedding load power of the total load of each safety control load shedding station, and the adjustable DC power of each DC line are obtained;

[0007] Determine the load shedding cost factor of the safety control load shedding station and the power plant power regulation cost factor of the virtual power plant according to the active power, the shedding load power, the upper limit of the adjustable power amount of the power plant, and the adjustable power amount of the power plant;

[0008] According to the load shedding cost factor, the power plant power regulation cost factor, the adjustable amount of DC power, the load shedding power and the adjustable amount of power plant power, with the goal of minimizing the control cost of emergency frequency control, obtaining emergency control data of the target power grid;

[0009] Based on the emergency control data, a frequency emergency control operation is performed on the target power grid.

[0010] In some embodiments, determining the load shedding cost factor of the safety control load shedding station and the power plant power regulation cost factor of the virtual power plant according to the active power, the shelvable load power, the upper limit of the adjustable power amount of the power plant, and the adjustable power amount of the power plant includes:

[0011] Determining a load shedding cost factor of a corresponding safety control load shedding station according to the active power, the shedding load power and a first expression function, wherein the first expression function is a linear function;

[0012] The power plant power regulation cost factor of the corresponding virtual power plant is determined according to the upper limit value of the power plant adjustable amount, the power plant adjustable amount and the second expression function, wherein the second expression function includes parameter items related to the power plant regulation capability assessment error and parameter items related to the power plant response ratio.

[0013] In some embodiments, the second expression function is:

[0014]

[0015] In formula (2), k is a positive integer not greater than the total number of virtual power plants, c vpp,k is the power plant power regulation cost factor of the kth virtual power plant, b vpp0,k is the second cost factor constant term, b vpp,k is a constant, is the power plant response ratio of the kth virtual power plant, is the upper limit of the power adjustable amount of the kth virtual power plant, P vpp,k is the adjustable power of the kth virtual power plant, is a constant in [0,1], θ is an odd number, is a constant, The θ and the The setting of is related to the assessment error of the power plant regulation capability.

[0016] In some embodiments, obtaining the emergency control data of the target power grid with the goal of minimizing the control cost of frequency emergency control according to the load shedding cost factor, the power plant power regulation cost factor, the adjustable DC power, the load shedding power and the adjustable power of the power plant includes:

[0017] Constructing an emergency control objective function of the target network according to the load shedding cost factor, the power plant power regulation cost factor, the adjustable amount of DC power, the load shedding power and the adjustable amount of power plant power;

[0018] Constructing constraints of the emergency control objective function;

[0019] According to the emergency control objective function and the constraint conditions, emergency control data of the target power grid is obtained by solving based on the PSO algorithm.

[0020] In some embodiments, the emergency control objective function is:

[0021]

[0022] In formula (3), λ dc is the weight factor for emergency control via DC power regulation, λ tl is the weight factor for emergency control through load shedding, λ vpp is the weight factor for emergency control through plant power regulation, c dc,i is the DC power regulation cost factor of DC line i, c tl,j is the load shedding cost factor of the jth safety control load shedding station, c vpp,k is the power plant power regulation cost factor of the kth virtual power plant, P dc,i is the adjustable DC power of DC line i, P tl,j is the load power that can be cut at the jth safety control load shedding station, P vpp,k is the adjustable power of the kth virtual power plant, N dc is the total number of DC lines, N tl is the total number of safety control load shedding stations, N vpp is the total number of virtual power plants.

[0023] In some embodiments, the constraint conditions for constructing the emergency control objective function include:

[0024] Constructing the control response constraint condition of the emergency control objective function according to the initial operating power of each of the DC lines, the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the load shedding power of each of the safety control load shedding stations, and the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the adjustable power of each of the virtual power plants;

[0025] The grid stability constraint conditions of the emergency control objective function are constructed according to the transient frequency, quasi-steady-state frequency, minimum allowable transient frequency value and minimum allowable quasi-steady-state frequency value of the generator bus in the target power grid, the voltage and maximum allowable voltage value of the bus in the target power grid, the power angle difference and maximum allowable power angle difference between any two generators in the target network, and the line transmission power and line transmission power threshold of each line in the target power grid.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present application provides a power grid frequency emergency control device including a virtual power plant, comprising:

[0027] An acquisition module is used to acquire the adjustable power amount and the upper limit of the adjustable power amount of each virtual power plant in the target power grid, the active power and the shedding load power of the total load of each safety control load shedding station, and the adjustable DC power amount of each DC line when a large power shortage event is detected in the target power grid;

[0028] A first determination module is used to determine the load shedding cost factor of the safety control load shedding station and the power plant power adjustment cost factor of the virtual power plant according to the active power, the shelvable load power, the upper limit value of the adjustable power of the power plant, and the adjustable power of the power plant;

[0029] A second determination module is used to obtain emergency control data of the target power grid based on the load shedding cost factor, the power plant power regulation cost factor, the adjustable amount of DC power, the load shedding power and the adjustable amount of power plant power, with the goal of minimizing the control cost of performing emergency frequency control;

[0030] A control module is used to perform a frequency emergency control operation on the target power grid based on the emergency control data.

[0031] In some embodiments, the first determining module is specifically configured to:

[0032] Determining a load shedding cost factor of a corresponding safety control load shedding station according to the active power, the shedding load power and a first expression function, wherein the first expression function is a linear function;

[0033] The power plant power regulation cost factor of the corresponding virtual power plant is determined according to the upper limit value of the power plant adjustable amount, the power plant adjustable amount and the second expression function, wherein the second expression function includes parameter items related to the power plant regulation capability assessment error and parameter items related to the power plant response ratio.

[0034] In some embodiments, the second expression function is:

[0035]

[0036] In formula (2), k is a positive integer not greater than the total number of virtual power plants, c vpp,k is the power plant power regulation cost factor of the kth virtual power plant, b vpp0,k is the second cost factor constant term, b vpp,k is a constant, is the power plant response ratio of the kth virtual power plant, is the upper limit of the power adjustable amount of the kth virtual power plant, Pvpp,k is the adjustable power of the kth virtual power plant, is a constant in [0,1], θ is an odd number, is a constant, The θ and the The setting of is related to the assessment error of the power plant regulation capability.

[0037] In some embodiments, the second determining module is specifically configured to:

[0038] Constructing an emergency control objective function of the target network according to the load shedding cost factor, the power plant power regulation cost factor, the adjustable amount of DC power, the load shedding power and the adjustable amount of power plant power;

[0039] Constructing constraints of the emergency control objective function;

[0040] According to the emergency control objective function and the constraint conditions, emergency control data of the target power grid is obtained by solving based on the PSO algorithm.

[0041] In some embodiments, the emergency control objective function is:

[0042]

[0043] In formula (3), λ dc is the weight factor for emergency control via DC power regulation, λ tl is the weight factor for emergency control through load shedding, λ vpp is the weight factor for emergency control through plant power regulation, c dc,i is the DC power regulation cost factor of DC line i, c tl,j is the load shedding cost factor of the jth safety control load shedding station, c vpp,k is the power plant power regulation cost factor of the kth virtual power plant, P dc,i is the adjustable DC power of DC line i, P tl,j is the load power that can be cut at the jth safety control load shedding station, P vpp,k is the adjustable power of the kth virtual power plant, N dc is the total number of DC lines, N tl is the total number of safety control load shedding stations, N vpp is the total number of virtual power plants.

[0044] In some embodiments, the second determining module is specifically configured to:

[0045] Constructing the control response constraint condition of the emergency control objective function according to the initial operating power of each of the DC lines, the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the load shedding power of each of the safety control load shedding stations, and the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the adjustable power of each of the virtual power plants;

[0046] The grid stability constraint conditions of the emergency control objective function are constructed according to the transient frequency, quasi-steady-state frequency, minimum allowable transient frequency value and minimum allowable quasi-steady-state frequency value of the generator bus in the target power grid, the voltage and maximum allowable voltage value of the bus in the target power grid, the power angle difference and maximum allowable power angle difference between any two generators in the target network, and the line transmission power and line transmission power threshold of each line in the target power grid.

[0047] In a third aspect, the present application provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the above-mentioned methods for emergency frequency control of a power grid containing a virtual power plant.

[0048] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the method for emergency control of power grid frequency containing a virtual power plant as described in any one of the above items is implemented.

[0049] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the above-mentioned methods for emergency control of power grid frequency containing a virtual power plant.

[0050] The embodiments of the present application provide a method, device, storage medium, electronic device and computer program product for emergency control of power grid frequency containing a virtual power plant. When a large power shortage event is detected in the target power grid, the adjustable power of each virtual power plant in the target power grid and the upper limit of the adjustable power of the power plant are obtained, the active power and the cuttable load power of the total load of each safety and control load shedding station, and the adjustable DC power of each DC line are determined; the load shedding cost factor of the safety and control load shedding station and the virtual power plant are determined according to the active power, the cuttable load power, the upper limit of the adjustable power of the power plant, and the adjustable power of the power plant. Power plant power regulation cost factor; according to the load shedding cost factor, the power plant power regulation cost factor, the adjustable amount of DC power, the load shedding power and the adjustable amount of power plant power, with the goal of minimizing the control cost of frequency emergency control, the emergency control data of the target power grid is obtained; based on the emergency control data, the frequency emergency control operation is performed on the target power grid, that is, a variety of emergency control means are adopted, and the emergency control data of each emergency control means are determined in combination with the cost factor, so as to reduce the control cost as much as possible, improve the control speed, and achieve good frequency control effect under the premise of achieving effective control of the receiving-end power grid frequency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0052] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for emergency control of power grid frequency including a virtual power plant provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 2 It is another flow chart of the method for emergency control of power grid frequency including a virtual power plant provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the change of the control cost factor of the VPP provided in the embodiment of the present application under different conditions;

[0055] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a power grid frequency emergency control device including a virtual power plant provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0059] Explanation of common terms in this application:

[0060] Receiving-end power grid: refers to a regional power grid at one end of the main grid that mainly receives electricity and has a certain power supply in the region. Large-scale transmission networks often have multiple receiving-end power grids. Large-scale transmission networks are composed of a main power grid (referred to as the main grid) and several regional power grids connected. The performance of the regional network connected to the main grid is closely related to the operation of the transmission network. Regional networks can generally be divided into three categories according to their different positions in the power system: sending-end power grid, intermediate power grid and receiving-end power grid.

[0061] Virtual Power Plant (VPP): refers to the aggregation of distributed energy resources (DER) such as distributed generators (DG), energy storage systems, controllable loads, electric vehicles and other different types of distributed energy resources (DER) through advanced control, metering, communication and other technologies, and unified management and scheduling through virtualization technology to form a unified virtual energy system. As a special power plant, it can serve as a "positive power plant" to supply power to the system for peak load regulation, and as a "negative power plant" to increase load absorption and coordinate system valley filling.

[0062] Safety and control load shedding station: When the power supply of the power grid is insufficient, it can balance the supply and demand by cutting off part of the load. The safety and control load shedding station can adjust the system load to ensure that the power supply system will not be overloaded, so as to ensure the power supply reliability and stability of the power system.

[0063] Embodiments of the present application provide a method, device, storage medium, electronic device and computer program product for emergency control of power grid frequency including a virtual power plant.

[0064] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 1 is a flow chart of a method for emergency control of power grid frequency including a virtual power plant provided in an embodiment of the present application. The method for emergency control of power grid frequency is applied to an electronic device, which can be implemented as a server or a terminal device. Specifically, the method for emergency control of power grid frequency can include the following steps 101-104, wherein:

[0065] 101. When a large power shortage event is detected in the target power grid, the adjustable power of each virtual power plant and the upper limit of the adjustable power of each power plant in the target power grid, the active power and the shelving load power of the total load of each safety control load shedding station, and the adjustable DC power of each DC line are obtained.

[0066] Among them, the target power grid is a receiving power grid in the power grid system. The system can monitor the operation of each power grid in real time. When it is found that a large power shortage event occurs in the target power grid during operation, such as UHV DC blocking, large unit disconnection, etc., resulting in a significant reduction in the power grid frequency, the system needs to take emergency control measures to stabilize the frequency and quickly balance the active power of the power grid. Data such as the adjustable power of the power plant, the upper limit of the adjustable power of the power plant, the active power, the load-shedding power and the DC power adjustment can be collected and recorded by the system and updated periodically. When emergency control is required, the latest recorded data can be obtained.

[0067] The emergency control means adopted in the embodiment of the present application include emergency power regulation of power plants based on VPP, load shedding based on safety control load shedding stations, and DC emergency power regulation based on DC lines. Considering that each of these three emergency control means has strong limitations, for example, for DC emergency power regulation, the duration of short-term overload of the DC transmission system is short, and the amount of DC power increase under long-term overload capacity is limited, which is not enough to cope with the impact of a large frequency drop; for safety control load shedding, since the high-voltage load line or main transformer is directly disconnected, the important loads of a large number of users will be cut off without prior notice, causing serious social impact, high control cost, and poor social tolerance; for emergency power regulation of VPP, the process of regulation is relatively obvious, the rapidity of the regulation action is not enough, and the volatility of the regulation capacity is relatively strong. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application combines these three emergency control means, so as to minimize the control cost of the overall control on the basis of achieving effective regulation of the power grid frequency.

[0068] 102. Determine the load shedding cost factor of the safety control load shedding station and the power plant power regulation cost factor of the virtual power plant according to the active power, the shelvable load power, the upper limit value of the adjustable power of the power plant, and the adjustable power of the power plant.

[0069] Among them, various emergency control methods have their own cost factors, and the unit cost factors of different emergency control methods have different values. The cost factor refers to the cost that needs to be paid when considering the feasibility and effect of different plans when making decisions or choices. Generally speaking, the cost factor of DC emergency power regulation is the smallest, and the cost factor of safety control load shedding is the largest. The staff needs to set the cost factor of each emergency control method according to the control cost and the equipment involved when implementing it.

[0070] In some embodiments, the cost factor of DC emergency power regulation can be directly set as a constant, and different DC lines may correspond to different cost factor constants. For the cost factors of the other two emergency control means, the expression function of the corresponding cost factor can be created first and then set based on the expression function.

[0071] For details, see Figure 2 , Figure 2 1 is another flow chart of a method for emergency control of power grid frequency including a virtual power plant provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein step 102 includes:

[0072] 1021. Determine the load shedding cost factor of the corresponding safety control load shedding station according to the active power, the shedding load power and the first expression function, wherein the first expression function is a linear function;

[0073] 1022. Determine the power plant power regulation cost factor of the corresponding virtual power plant based on the upper limit value of the power plant's adjustable power, the power plant's adjustable power and the second expression function, wherein the second expression function includes parameter items related to the power plant regulation capability assessment error and parameter items related to the power plant response ratio.

[0074] Among them, considering that the safety control load shedding is achieved by directly disconnecting the high-voltage load line or the main transformer, the control means are extensive, which will cause a large number of users' important loads to be cut off without prior notice, and the larger the load shedding amount (load power that can be cut), the larger the power outage range, the greater the power outage loss and impact, and the control cost will also increase. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application uses a linear function to approximate the cost factor c of the safety control load shedding tl,j The characteristic of increasing with the increase of load shedding.

[0075] For example, in some embodiments, the cost factor c of the safety load shedding is tl,j The corresponding first expression function is:

[0076] c tl,j =b tl0,j +b tl,j *R tl,j / R L,j ; (1)

[0077] In formula (1), j is a positive integer not greater than the total number of safety control load shedding stations, c tl,j is the load shedding cost factor of the jth safety control load shedding station, b tl0,j is the constant term of the first cost factor, b tl,j is the linear growth coefficient of the load shedding cost factor, R L,j is the active power of the total load of the jth safety control load shedding station, P tl,j is the shelving load power of the jth safety control load shedding station.

[0078] In addition, for VPP, due to the uncertainty of user response behavior and the prediction error introduced by periodic refresh, when the response amount of VPP (the adjustable power amount of the power plant) is close to its upper limit (the upper limit value of the adjustable power amount of the power plant), the possibility of users exiting operation increases, and the possibility of instructions being sent to DER devices that no longer have the adjustment capability increases, causing VPP to be unable to accurately follow the response instructions, which increases the control cost of VPP.

[0079] The modeling idea of ​​the control cost factor of VPP is: on the one hand, since the error in the VPP regulation capability assessment increases with the increase in the response amount of VPP, when the response amount of VPP is large, the error in the VPP regulation capability assessment result is large at this time, and the VPP control cost should increase significantly; on the other hand, from the regulation capability of DER single equipment, it can be seen that DER with regulation capability will have a certain margin from its state limit value. Therefore, if a certain DER response strategy can be adopted to make DER with a large margin have a higher priority, it can be ensured that the control cost of VPP will not be significantly different due to its own evaluation error.

[0080] In some embodiments, the second expression function is:

[0081]

[0082] In formula (2), k is a positive integer not greater than the total number of virtual power plants, c vpp,k is the power plant power regulation cost factor of the kth virtual power plant, b vpp0,k is the second cost factor constant term, b vpp,k is a constant, is the power plant response ratio of the kth virtual power plant, is the upper limit of the power plant power adjustment of the kth virtual power plant, P vpp,k is the adjustable power of the kth virtual power plant, is a constant in [0,1], θ is an odd number, is a constant, the The θ and the The setting of is related to the assessment error of the power plant regulation capability.

[0083] The right side of the equation includes three parts. The first part is the constant term of the cost factor of VPP, and the second part is the cost factor with the VPP response ratio (i.e. ), and the third part is the parameter item considering the error in VPP regulation capability evaluation. θ, The VPP adjustment capacity error and the VPP cost factor constant term b should be considered. vpp0,k and the constant term b of the cost factor of load sheddingtL0,j To determine, the determination principle can be set as: vpp,k As the VPP response ratio increases, it first increases slowly, and when it approaches 1, it increases rapidly, and when the response ratio is 1, it approaches or is equal to the cost factor constant term b of the safety control load shedding. tl0,j .

[0084] For example, see Figure 3 , Figure 3 is the control cost factor c of the VPP provided in the embodiment of the present application vpp,k Schematic diagram of changes under different conditions, where b vpp0,k , b vpp,k , b tl0,j are 3, 0.5 and 5 respectively, θ is 3, They are [40,0.7](①), [70,0.7](②), [70,0.8](③), respectively. Figure 3 It can be seen that after other parameters are given, The larger the c vpp,k The “steeper” the start, the larger the VPP response ratio; The larger the c vpp,k The larger the maximum value of When c is 40 vpp,k The maximum value is obviously higher than b vpp0,k , but still smaller than b tl0,j ,and When c is 70 vpp,k The maximum value has slightly exceeded b tl0,j .

[0085] 103. According to the load shedding cost factor, the power plant power regulation cost factor, the adjustable amount of DC power, the load shedding power and the adjustable amount of power plant power, with the goal of minimizing the control cost of emergency frequency control, the emergency control data of the target power grid is obtained.

[0086] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 , the above step 103 specifically includes:

[0087] 1031. Construct an emergency control objective function of the target network according to the load shedding cost factor, the power regulation cost factor of the power plant, the adjustable amount of DC power, the shedding load power and the adjustable amount of power of the power plant.

[0088] Among them, the emergency control objective function is:

[0089]

[0090] In formula (3), λ dc is the weight factor for emergency control via DC power regulation, λtl is the weight factor for emergency control through load shedding, λ vpp is the weight factor for emergency control through plant power regulation, c dc,i is the DC power regulation cost factor of DC line i, c tl,j is the load shedding cost factor of the jth safety control load shedding station, c vpp,k is the power plant power regulation cost factor of the kth virtual power plant, P dc,i is the adjustable DC power of DC line i, P tl,j is the load power that can be cut at the jth safety control load shedding station, P vpp,k is the adjustable power of the kth virtual power plant, N dc is the total number of DC lines, N tl is the total number of safety control load shedding stations, N vpp The total number of VPPs.

[0091] 1032. Construct the constraints of the emergency control objective function.

[0092] Among them, for the emergency control measures to be taken, the power response range should meet the power range that can be adjusted, and the stability of the power grid must also be ensured.

[0093] In some embodiments, the above step 1032 specifically includes:

[0094] According to the initial operating power of each DC line, the upper and lower limits of the load shedding power of each safety control load shedding station, and the lower and upper limits of the power adjustable amount of each virtual power plant, the control response constraint conditions of the emergency control objective function are constructed;

[0095] The grid stability constraint conditions of the emergency control objective function are constructed according to the transient frequency, quasi-steady-state frequency, minimum allowable transient frequency and minimum allowable quasi-steady-state frequency of the generator bus in the target power grid, the voltage and maximum allowable voltage of the bus in the target power grid, the power angle difference and maximum allowable power angle difference between any two generators in the target network, and the line transmission power and line transmission power threshold of each line in the target power grid.

[0096] For example, the control response constraints could be:

[0097]

[0098] In formulas (4)-(6), is the initial operating power of DC line i, k dc,i is the power increase rate (constant) of DC line i, N dc is the total number of DC lines, Pdc,i is the adjustable DC power of DC line i, P tl,j is the load power that can be cut at the jth safety control load shedding station, P vpp,k is the adjustable power of the kth virtual power plant, is the lower limit of load shedding power of safety control load shedding station j, is the upper limit of load shedding power of safety control load shedding station j, N tl The total number of load shedding stations for safety control; is the lower limit of the power adjustable amount of the power plant of the kth VPP, is the upper limit of the power plant power adjustment of the kth VPP, N vpp The total number of VPPs.

[0099] For example, the grid stability constraints can be:

[0100] f dn ≥f dn.min ; (7)

[0101] f ss ≥f ss,min ; (8)

[0102] Δδ o,w ≤Δδ max ,o,w=1,…,N gen ; (9)

[0103] V s min ≤V s ≤V s max ,s=1,…,N bus ; (10)

[0104]

[0105] In formulas (7)-(11), f dn is the transient frequency of the generator bus, f ss is the quasi-steady-state frequency of the generator bus; f dn,min is the minimum permissible value of the transient frequency of the generator bus, f ss,min is the minimum permissible value of the quasi-steady-state frequency of the generator bus; Δδ o,w is the power angle difference between any two generators o and w, N gen is the total number of generators, Δδ max is the maximum allowable power angle difference between any two generators; V s is the voltage of bus s, V s min is the minimum allowable voltage of bus s, V smax is the maximum allowable voltage value of busbar s; S sp,I is the line transmission power of line l, is the line transmission power threshold of line l, N line is the total number of lines.

[0106] In view of the above grid stability constraints, the following points are mainly considered: The frequency emergency control of the receiving grid needs to ensure that the transient frequency deviation of the receiving grid is not too large to avoid triggering the low-frequency load reduction of the third line of defense, and to ensure that the quasi-steady-state frequency after emergency control is restored to a safe value. At the same time, the system transient power angle stability and transient voltage safety should be considered. For this, whether the power angle difference between any two generators is less than the maximum allowable power angle difference is used to judge whether the power angle is stable, and whether the grid bus voltage is within the allowable voltage range is used to judge the transient voltage safety. Furthermore, the line heating constraint should also be considered, and the transmission power of the line in the quasi-steady state should not exceed its limit power.

[0107] 1033. According to the emergency control objective function and the constraint condition, the emergency control data of the target power grid is obtained based on the PSO algorithm.

[0108] The above emergency control objective function and constraints are used as a coordinated control model corresponding to multiple emergency control measures. For this model, it is necessary to find the optimal solution in the feasible solution space jointly defined by the safety and stability of the power grid state and the response of each emergency control measure. Since the safety control load shedding takes the form of disconnecting the line or substation, its response is actually a series of discrete values. Therefore, the above control response constraints In, P tl,j Only approximate optimal values ​​can be obtained. In order to improve the solution speed, this paper still assumes that the safety control load shedding response is a continuous variable. In actual engineering, the optimal combination of the objects removed by the safety control load shedding station can be determined according to the response instructions. In addition, the power of VPP equipment is very small, such as slow charging EV, AC, WH, which is usually at the level of several kW. Therefore, the above control response constraints In vpp,k The assumption of a continuous variable is reasonable.

[0109] Due to the complexity and strong nonlinearity of the large power grid model, the traditional analytical solution is difficult to handle. Based on this, the present embodiment makes the following improvements: according to the emergency control objective function and the constraint condition, when solving the emergency control data of the specified power grid, that is, when obtaining the control quantity of each emergency control means, an improved PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization, particle swarm algorithm) algorithm is used for solving.

[0110] Specifically, the use of dynamically updated inertia weights to improve the classic PSO algorithm can help improve its global search ability and local search ability in the early and late stages of the algorithm iteration, respectively, and thus help effectively find the optimal solution for emergency control of power grid frequency. The PSO algorithm is generated by simulating the foraging behavior of bird flocks in nature. It regards the solution to the optimization problem as a particle without mass and volume in space, and each particle has two basic properties: speed and position. The update of particles is jointly determined by inertial motion, self-cognition, and social learning. The quality of particles is evaluated based on the fitness value determined by the control objective of the optimization problem.

[0111] In the improved PSO algorithm, the inertia weight is updated in each iteration. It is known that in the solution of the emergency control objective function obtained according to the above constraints (4)-(11), the current position x of the i-th particle is i (n)(x i =(x i1 ,x i2 ,…,x iD ), D is the particle space dimension), then the velocity v of the particle at the next moment is calculated according to the inertia weight ω(n) i (n+1)(v i =(v i1 ,v i2 ,…,v iD )), and then the new position x of the particle at the next moment can be calculated i (n+1). The dynamic update of inertia weight can be expressed as:

[0112] ω(n)=ω max -n(ω max -ω min ) / n max ; (12)

[0113]

[0114] x i (n+1)=x i (n)+η pso v i (n+1); (14)

[0115] In formulas (12)-(14), ω(n) is the dynamic inertia weight calculation formula; n is the current iteration number; n max is the maximum number of iterations; ω max is the maximum value of the dynamic weight, ω min is the minimum value of the dynamic weight; v iis the speed of the i-th particle in the population; α1 and α2 are the acceleration coefficients of the particle swarm algorithm to characterize the learning ability of particles, corresponding to the self-learning ability (i.e., cognitive learning factor) and the social learning ability to learn from the best individual in the group (i.e., social learning factor), respectively; β1 and β2 are two random numbers uniformly distributed between (0,1), i.e., α1, α2∈U(0,1); x pbest,i is the historical optimal position of the ith particle, x gbest is the global optimal position of the particle swarm; η pso The weight coefficient for speed update.

[0116] In the particle swarm solving process, the fitness value (fitness) can be obtained by assigning the above constraints (7)-(11) to the penalty factor and bringing it into the above emergency control objective function minh. The value of the penalty factor should be much larger than the estimated optimal value of the emergency control objective function. Therefore, the calculation formula of the fitness value can be expressed as:

[0117]

[0118] In formula (15), h1-h5 are the penalty factors of each constraint in the above constraints (7)-(11), and f(·) is the penalty term corresponding to the constraint. dn ) as an example, its expression is:

[0119] f(f dn )=max(0,f dn,min -f dn ); (16)

[0120] The particle position, i.e., the control amount of each emergency control means, is obtained by the particle swarm initialization or iteration process, and then the trajectory data is obtained through electromechanical transient simulation, and then the penalty items corresponding to each constraint condition are calculated. During the particle swarm optimization process, the particle position update process takes a very short time, and most of the time is used for electromechanical transient simulation to obtain the simulation trajectory. In this process, since all particles in the population are independent of each other during each iteration, parallel electromechanical transient simulation can be used to improve the solution speed. Electromechanical transient simulation parallelism can be achieved by calling multi-core parallelism on a single machine or simulating multiple computers at the same time.

[0121] 104. Based on the emergency control data, perform frequency emergency control operations on the target power grid.

[0122] Among them, after solving the control quantity of each emergency control means, that is, the power regulation quantity of the virtual power plant, the load shedding quantity of the safety control load shedding station and the power increase quantity of the DC line, for the safety control load shedding station, according to the load shedding quantity, select the appropriate high-voltage load line or main transformer for disconnection; for the DC line, according to the power increase quantity, it is increased; for the virtual power plant, according to the power regulation quantity, the response instruction is assigned to the device so that the device receives the instruction and executes the response. Among them, it can be known from the adjustment capability of the DER single device that the DER with adjustment capability will have a certain margin from its state limit value. If the priority of DER with a large margin can be made greater, it can be ensured that the control cost of the VPP will not be significantly different due to its own evaluation error. Therefore, when assigning response instructions to DER, a certain DER response strategy can be adopted, specifically: the allocation priority can be determined based on the margin of each DER from its state limit value, and the response instruction is assigned to DER according to the principle of large margin and large allocation priority.

[0123] From the above, it can be seen that the grid frequency emergency control method containing a virtual power plant provided in the embodiment of the present application, when a large power shortage event is monitored in the target power grid, obtains the adjustable power plant power and the upper limit value of the adjustable power plant power of each virtual power plant in the target power grid, the active power and the cuttable load power of the total load of each safety and control load shedding station, and the adjustable DC power of each DC line; determines the load shedding cost factor of the safety and control load shedding station and the power plant power regulation cost of the virtual power plant according to the active power, the cuttable load power, the upper limit value of the adjustable power of the power plant, and the adjustable power of the power plant. Factor; according to the load shedding cost factor, the power plant power regulation cost factor, the adjustable amount of DC power, the load shedding power and the adjustable amount of power plant power, with the goal of minimizing the control cost of frequency emergency control, the emergency control data of the target power grid is obtained; based on the emergency control data, the frequency emergency control operation is performed on the target power grid, that is, a variety of emergency control means are adopted, and the emergency control data of each emergency control means are determined in combination with the cost factor, so as to reduce the control cost as much as possible, improve the control speed, and achieve good frequency control effect under the premise of achieving effective control of the receiving-end power grid frequency.

[0124] According to the method described in the above embodiment, the present application also provides a power grid frequency emergency control device including a virtual power plant, which is used to execute the steps in the above power grid frequency emergency control method including a virtual power plant. Figure 4 , Figure 4200 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power grid frequency emergency control device including a virtual power plant provided in an embodiment of the present application. The power grid frequency emergency control device 200 is applied to an electronic device, and the electronic device can be implemented as a user terminal or a server. Specifically, the power grid frequency emergency control device 200 includes an acquisition module 201, a first determination module 202, a second determination module 203 and a control module 204, wherein:

[0125] The acquisition module 201 is used to acquire the adjustable power amount and the upper limit of the adjustable power amount of each virtual power plant in the target power grid, the active power and the shedding load power of the total load of each safety control load shedding station, and the adjustable DC power amount of each DC line when a large power shortage event is detected in the target power grid;

[0126] A first determination module 202 is used to determine the load shedding cost factor of the safety control load shedding station and the power plant power regulation cost factor of the virtual power plant according to the active power, the shelvable load power, the upper limit value of the power plant power adjustable amount, and the power plant power adjustable amount;

[0127] The second determination module 203 is used to obtain the emergency control data of the target power grid according to the load shedding cost factor, the power plant power regulation cost factor, the adjustable amount of DC power, the load shedding power and the adjustable amount of power plant power, with the goal of minimizing the control cost of frequency emergency control;

[0128] The control module 204 is used to perform a frequency emergency control operation on the target power grid based on the emergency control data.

[0129] In some embodiments, the first determining module 202 is specifically configured to:

[0130] Determine the load shedding cost factor of the corresponding safety control load shedding station according to the active power, the shedding load power and a first expression function, wherein the first expression function is a linear function;

[0131] The power plant power regulation cost factor of the corresponding virtual power plant is determined based on the upper limit value of the power adjustable amount of the power plant, the power adjustable amount of the power plant and the second expression function, wherein the second expression function includes parameter items related to the power plant regulation capability assessment error and parameter items related to the power plant response ratio.

[0132] In some embodiments, the second expression function is:

[0133]

[0134] In formula (2), k is a positive integer not greater than the total number of virtual power plants, c vpp,k is the power plant power regulation cost factor of the kth virtual power plant, b vpp0,kis the second cost factor constant term, b vpp,k is a constant, is the power plant response ratio of the kth virtual power plant, is the upper limit of the power adjustable amount of the kth virtual power plant, P vpp,k is the adjustable power of the kth virtual power plant, is a constant in [0,1], θ is an odd number, is a constant, the The θ and the The setting of is related to the assessment error of the power plant regulation capability.

[0135] In some embodiments, the second determining module 203 is specifically configured to:

[0136] Constructing an emergency control objective function of the target network according to the load shedding cost factor, the power plant power regulation cost factor, the adjustable amount of DC power, the load shedding power and the adjustable amount of power plant power;

[0137] Constructing the constraint conditions of the emergency control objective function;

[0138] According to the emergency control objective function and the constraint condition, the emergency control data of the target power grid is obtained by solving based on the PSO algorithm.

[0139] In some embodiments, the emergency control objective function is:

[0140]

[0141] In formula (3), λ dc is the weight factor for emergency control via DC power regulation, λ tl is the weight factor for emergency control through load shedding, λ vpp is the weight factor for emergency control through plant power regulation, c dc,i is the DC power regulation cost factor of DC line i, c tl,j is the load shedding cost factor of the jth safety control load shedding station, c vpp,k is the power plant power regulation cost factor of the kth virtual power plant, P dc,i is the adjustable DC power of DC line i, P tl,j is the load power that can be cut at the jth safety control load shedding station, P vpp,k is the adjustable power of the kth virtual power plant, N dc is the total number of DC lines, N tl is the total number of safety control load shedding stations, N vpp is the total number of virtual power plants.

[0142] In some embodiments, the second determining module 203 is specifically configured to:

[0143] According to the initial operating power of each DC line, the upper limit value and lower limit value of the load shedding power of each safety control load shedding station, and the lower limit value and upper limit value of the adjustable power of each virtual power plant, the control response constraint condition of the emergency control objective function is constructed;

[0144] The grid stability constraint conditions of the emergency control objective function are constructed according to the transient frequency, quasi-steady-state frequency, minimum allowable transient frequency and minimum allowable quasi-steady-state frequency of the generator bus in the target power grid, the voltage and maximum allowable voltage of the bus in the target power grid, the power angle difference and maximum allowable power angle difference between any two generators in the target network, and the line transmission power and line transmission power threshold of each line in the target power grid.

[0145] It should be noted that the specific details of each module unit in the above-mentioned power grid frequency emergency control device 200 containing a virtual power plant have been described in detail in the embodiment of the above-mentioned power grid frequency emergency control method, and will not be repeated here.

[0146] In some embodiments, the grid frequency emergency control device containing a virtual power plant in the embodiments of the present application may be an electronic device, or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or a chip. The electronic device may be a terminal device. Exemplarily, the electronic device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a PDA, a vehicle-mounted electronic device, a mobile Internet device (Mobile Internet Device, MID), an augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) / virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) device, a robot, a wearable device, an ultra-mobile personal computer (ultra-mobile personal computer, UMPC), a netbook or a personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant, PDA), etc. It may also be a server, a network attached storage (Network Attached Storage, NAS), a personal computer (personal computer, PC), etc., which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0147] In some embodiments, Figure 5As shown, an embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device 300, including a processor 301, a memory 302, and a computer program stored in the memory 302 and executable on the processor 301. When the program is executed by the processor 301, each process of the above-mentioned embodiment of the method for emergency control of power grid frequency including a virtual power plant is implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be described here.

[0148] It should be noted that the electronic devices in the embodiments of the present application include the mobile electronic devices and non-mobile electronic devices mentioned above.

[0149] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device to implement an embodiment of the present application.

[0150] The electronic device 400 includes but is not limited to: a radio frequency unit 401, a network module 402, an audio output unit 403, an input unit 404, a sensor 405, a display unit 406, a user input unit 407, an interface unit 408, a memory 409, a processor 410 and other components.

[0151] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the electronic device 400 may also include a power source (such as a battery) for supplying power to each component, and the power source may be logically connected to the processor 410 through a power management system, thereby implementing functions such as managing charging, discharging, and power consumption management through the power management system. Figure 6 The electronic device structure shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device. The electronic device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently, which will not be described in detail here.

[0152] It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the input unit 404 may include a graphics processor (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU) 4041 and a microphone 4042, and the graphics processor 4041 processes the image data of the static picture or video obtained by the image capture device (such as a camera) in the video capture mode or the image capture mode. The display unit 406 may include a display panel 4061, and the display panel 4061 may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, etc. The user input unit 407 includes a touch panel 4071 and at least one of other input devices 4072. The touch panel 4071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 4071 may include two parts: a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 4072 may include, but are not limited to, a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, and a joystick, which will not be repeated here.

[0153] The memory 409 can be used to store software programs and various data. The memory 409 may mainly include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data, wherein the first storage area may store an operating system, an application program or instructions required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc. In addition, the memory 409 may include a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or the memory 409 may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), a double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), an enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), a synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM) and a direct memory bus random access memory (DRRAM). The memory 409 in the embodiment of the present application includes but is not limited to these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0154] The processor 410 may include one or more processing units; the processor 410 integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly processes operations related to an operating system, a user interface, and application programs, and the modem processor mainly processes wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understandable that the modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 410.

[0155] An embodiment of the present application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the various processes of the above-mentioned embodiment of the power grid frequency emergency control method containing a virtual power plant are implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0156] The processor is the processor in the electronic device described in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes a computer readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory ROM, a random access memory RAM, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0157] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned method for emergency control of power grid frequency containing a virtual power plant.

[0158] The processor is the processor in the electronic device described in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes a computer readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory ROM, a random access memory RAM, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0159] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise one..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order according to the functions involved, for example, the described method may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0160] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, a disk, or an optical disk), and includes a number of instructions for a terminal (which can be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0161] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present application.

[0162] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.

[0163] In the description of the present application, “plurality” means two or more.

[0164] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0165] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and that the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for emergency control of power grid frequency including a virtual power plant, characterized in that: include: When a large power shortage event is detected in the target power grid, the adjustable power of each virtual power plant and the upper limit of the adjustable power of each power plant in the target power grid, the active power and the shedding load power of the total load of each safety control load shedding station, and the adjustable DC power of each DC line are obtained; Determine the load shedding cost factor of the safety control load shedding station and the power plant power regulation cost factor of the virtual power plant according to the active power, the shedding load power, the upper limit of the adjustable power amount of the power plant, and the adjustable power amount of the power plant; According to the load shedding cost factor, the power plant power regulation cost factor, the adjustable amount of DC power, the load shedding power and the adjustable amount of power plant power, with the goal of minimizing the control cost of emergency frequency control, obtaining emergency control data of the target power grid; Based on the emergency control data, a frequency emergency control operation is performed on the target power grid.

2. The method for emergency control of power grid frequency including a virtual power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the load shedding cost factor of the safety control load shedding station and the power plant power regulation cost factor of the virtual power plant according to the active power, the shelvable load power, the upper limit of the adjustable power amount of the power plant, and the adjustable power amount of the power plant includes: Determining a load shedding cost factor of a corresponding safety control load shedding station according to the active power, the shedding load power and a first expression function, wherein the first expression function is a linear function; The power plant power regulation cost factor of the corresponding virtual power plant is determined according to the upper limit value of the power plant adjustable amount, the power plant adjustable amount and the second expression function, wherein the second expression function includes parameter items related to the power plant regulation capability assessment error and parameter items related to the power plant response ratio.

3. The method for emergency control of power grid frequency including a virtual power plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first expression function is: c tl,j =b tl0,j +b tl,j *P tl,j / R L,j ; (1) In formula (1), j is a positive integer not greater than the total number of safety control load shedding stations, c tl,j is the load shedding cost factor of the jth safety control load shedding station, b tl0,j is the constant term of the first cost factor, b tl,j is the linear growth coefficient of the load shedding cost factor, R L,j is the active power of the total load of the jth safety control load shedding station, P tl,j is the shelvable load power of the jth safety control load shedding station.

4. The method for emergency control of power grid frequency including a virtual power plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second expression function is: In formula (2), k is a positive integer not greater than the total number of virtual power plants, c vpp,k is the power plant power regulation cost factor of the kth virtual power plant, b vpp0,k is the second cost factor constant term, b vpp,k is a constant, is the power plant response ratio of the kth virtual power plant, is the upper limit of the power adjustable amount of the kth virtual power plant, P vpp,k is the adjustable power of the kth virtual power plant, is a constant in [0,1], θ is an odd number, is a constant, The θ and the The setting of is related to the assessment error of the power plant regulation capability.

5. The method for emergency control of power grid frequency including a virtual power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the emergency control data of the target power grid with the goal of minimizing the control cost of emergency frequency control according to the load shedding cost factor, the power plant power regulation cost factor, the adjustable amount of DC power, the load shedding power and the adjustable amount of power plant power includes: Constructing an emergency control objective function of the target network according to the load shedding cost factor, the power plant power regulation cost factor, the adjustable amount of DC power, the load shedding power and the adjustable amount of power plant power; Constructing constraints of the emergency control objective function; According to the emergency control objective function and the constraint conditions, emergency control data of the target power grid is obtained by solving based on the PSO algorithm.

6. The method for emergency control of power grid frequency including a virtual power plant according to claim 5, characterized in that: The emergency control objective function is: In formula (3), λ dc is the weight factor for emergency control via DC power regulation, λ tl is the weight factor for emergency control through load shedding, λ vpp is the weight factor for emergency control through plant power regulation, c dc,i is the DC power regulation cost factor of DC line i, c tl,j is the load shedding cost factor of the jth safety control load shedding station, c vpp,k is the power plant power regulation cost factor of the kth virtual power plant, P dc,i is the adjustable DC power of DC line i, P tl,j is the load power that can be cut at the jth safety control load shedding station, P vpp,k is the adjustable power of the kth virtual power plant, N dc is the total number of DC lines, N tl is the total number of safety control load shedding stations, N vpp is the total number of virtual power plants.

7. The method for emergency control of power grid frequency including a virtual power plant according to claim 5, characterized in that: The constraint conditions for constructing the emergency control objective function include: Constructing the control response constraint condition of the emergency control objective function according to the initial operating power of each of the DC lines, the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the load shedding power of each of the safety control load shedding stations, and the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the adjustable power of each of the virtual power plants; The grid stability constraint conditions of the emergency control objective function are constructed according to the transient frequency, quasi-steady-state frequency, minimum allowable transient frequency value and minimum allowable quasi-steady-state frequency value of the generator bus in the target power grid, the voltage and maximum allowable voltage value of the bus in the target power grid, the power angle difference and maximum allowable power angle difference between any two generators in the target network, and the line transmission power and line transmission power threshold of each line in the target power grid.

8. A power grid frequency emergency control device including a virtual power plant, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module is used to acquire the adjustable power amount and the upper limit of the adjustable power amount of each virtual power plant in the target power grid, the active power and the shedding load power of the total load of each safety control load shedding station, and the adjustable DC power amount of each DC line when a large power shortage event is detected in the target power grid; A first determination module is used to determine the load shedding cost factor of the safety control load shedding station and the power plant power adjustment cost factor of the virtual power plant according to the active power, the shelvable load power, the upper limit value of the adjustable power of the power plant, and the adjustable power of the power plant; A second determination module is used to obtain emergency control data of the target power grid based on the load shedding cost factor, the power plant power regulation cost factor, the adjustable amount of DC power, the load shedding power and the adjustable amount of power plant power, with the goal of minimizing the control cost of performing emergency frequency control; A control module is used to perform a frequency emergency control operation on the target power grid based on the emergency control data.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method for emergency control of power grid frequency including a virtual power plant as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the program, it implements the method for emergency control of power grid frequency including a virtual power plant as described in any one of claims 1-7.

11. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method for emergency control of power grid frequency including a virtual power plant as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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