Angelica sinensis inclined cultivation method

Abstract

The invention discloses an inclined cultivation method for angelica sinensis. The method comprises the following steps: S1, land parcel selection: selecting a land parcel which is 2400-2800m in altitude, good in drainage, high in organic matter content and not planted with angelica sinensis within three years; s2, soil preparation and fertilization: after the soil is unfrozen in late March, applying fertilizers in the land parcels in combination with deep ploughing; one of 2000 kg to 3000 kg of thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure, 160 kg to 200 kg of commercial bio-organic fertilizer or 40 kg to 50 kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is applied to each mu of land. S3, seedling selection: selecting good angelica sinensis seedlings with the seedling diameter of 3-5mm, few branches, no diseases and no mechanical damage; s4, treating the angelica sinensis seedlings: putting the angelica sinensis seedlings into chemical insecticide and bactericide liquid which is prepared in advance according to a proportion, soaking for 15-20 minutes, then fishing out, and airing the moisture of the epidermis; s5, transplanting: planting the angelica sinensis seedlings treated in the step S4 in the land parcels in the step S2 in an inclined manner of 45 degrees. Angelica sinensis medicinal materials obtained through the cultivation method are small in head lateral root number and long in body, main roots are thick, strong and obvious, the lateral roots are small, and the overall quality of the medicinal materials is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medicinal material planting, and in particular to a method for tilted cultivation of angelica sinensis. Background Art

[0002] As a traditional Chinese medicinal material, angelica has the effects of nourishing blood, regulating menstruation and relieving pain, and moistening the intestines and facilitating bowel movements. Its cultivation technology has a long history of development. In the early days, angelica cultivation mainly relied on experience accumulation. Farmers adjusted the planting time and method through observation and trial based on weather, soil and other conditions. With the advancement of agricultural science and technology, especially the development of botany and agricultural engineering, the research on angelica cultivation technology has gradually deepened.

[0003] The traditional transplanting method uses a shovel to dig a hole and manually hold the seedling head. When the seedling is planted, the tail of the seedling is easy to bend or break, so that the root of the seedling cannot be fully extended, or it is easy to form wounds after breaking. The conventional cultivation spacing is 30cm, and two seedlings are planted in one hole. Although the two seedlings are 1-2cm apart, during the growth process, the main root becomes thicker and the newly grown lateral roots are very easy to entangle together. When one of the plants bolts, it is easy to pull out the normal angelica seedlings. This phenomenon reduces 150-200 plants per mu, which is equivalent to a reduction of 13-20kg of dry goods per mu. Under the condition that the angelica seedlings in one or two holes bolt at the same time, the spacing between plants reaches 60-90cm, resulting in the phenomenon of missing seedlings and broken ridges, resulting in uneven distribution of angelica plants and affecting the yield; the temperature around the hole of the angelica seedlings grown in the conventional cultivation mode is high, and it is very easy to sprout new lateral roots at the head of the seedling. During the growth process, the main root and lateral roots grow at the same time, forming multiple lateral roots with no obvious size difference. The processed angelica medicinal material is formed by multiple lateral roots without an obvious body, and its commercial quality is poor. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the inclined cultivation method of Angelica sinensis provided by the present invention solves the problems of easy breakage, low yield and many lateral roots of Angelica sinensis under conventional cultivation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for tilted cultivation of angelica sinensis, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1, plot selection: select plots with an altitude of 2400-2800m, good drainage, high organic matter content, and no angelica planted within 3 years;

[0007] S2, land preparation and fertilization: after the soil thaws in late March, deep plowing is combined with fertilization in the plot;

[0008] S3, seedling selection: select high-quality angelica seedlings with a seedling diameter of 3-5 mm, few branches, and no diseases or mechanical damage;

[0009] S4, treatment of angelica seedlings: soak the angelica seedlings in a chemical insecticide and fungicide solution prepared in advance in a certain proportion for 15 to 20 minutes, then take them out and dry the surface moisture;

[0010] S5, Transplanting: Plant the Angelica scabra seedlings treated in S4 at an angle of 45° in the plots in S2.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a plot with an altitude of 2400 to 2800 m is selected for cultivation. The high altitude area has a cool climate, moderate humidity, and a large temperature difference between day and night, which is conducive to the accumulation of nutrients in the roots of angelica and the synthesis of medicinal ingredients. In addition, the plot is required to have good drainage, which can effectively avoid root diseases caused by waterlogging, such as root rot, to ensure the healthy growth of angelica. Soil with a high organic matter content provides a rich nutritional basis for angelica, which helps it to grow and develop rapidly. A plot that has not been planted with angelica within 3 years is selected, and the previous crops of the plot are wheat, oats, rapeseed, etc., which follows the principle of crop rotation, reduces the occurrence of soil-borne diseases, improves the biodiversity of the soil, and creates a more favorable ecological environment for the growth of angelica.

[0012] Deep plowing and fertilization are carried out after the soil thaws in late March. At this time, the soil temperature gradually rises and microbial activity is enhanced, which is conducive to the decomposition of fertilizers and the release of nutrients. Deep plowing can break up soil compaction, improve soil structure, and increase soil aeration and water retention capacity. Fertilization is based on the growth needs of angelica, with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements in proportion to provide comprehensive and balanced nutritional support for the growth of angelica. It not only promotes the root development of angelica, but also enhances its resistance to stress, such as drought resistance, frost resistance, and disease resistance.

[0013] By selecting high-quality seedlings, the quality of angelica can be controlled from the source, reducing the problems of yield decline and quality decline caused by variety degeneration.

[0014] Soaking in the medicine solution can kill pathogens and insect eggs on the seedling surface, promote root growth, reduce the seedling acclimatization period after transplanting, and improve the survival rate; the process of drying the moisture on the surface reduces the moisture in the seedling body, so that the medicine solution forms a layer of medicine film on the seedling surface, preventing diseases and insects from harming the angelica seedlings, improving their resistance to stress, and facilitating rapid adaptation and healthy growth after transplanting.

[0015] Planting angelica seedlings at a 45° tilt has changed the traditional upright planting mode. The seedling tail has good stretchability and the seedlings grow normally after transplanting. When removing early bolting plants in the 45° tilt transplanting mode, the larger plant spacing will not affect the plants and root systems on both sides. After transplanting angelica seedlings, due to the low temperature at the seedling head and the surrounding area, it is difficult for the seedling head to germinate lateral roots, and nutrients are concentrated in the taproot, which is conducive to the elongation and expansion of the taproot. The growing angelica medicinal material has fewer lateral roots at the head and a smaller diameter.

[0016] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned Angelica sinensis inclined cultivation method, S5 is specifically as follows:

[0017] S51, line positioning: Starting from one side of the plot, use the line-hanging tool to hang a line along a straight line to determine the straight line position of the trench;

[0018] S52, trenching: trenching is done manually or mechanically along the hanging line, with a trench depth of 15-20 cm and a trench slope of 45° near the edge of the field;

[0019] S53, seedling placement: Place the Angelica sinensis seedlings vertically on the ditch slope with a spacing of 15 to 17 cm, keeping the seedling heads in a straight line with the seedling heads exposed 1 to 2 cm above the ground;

[0020] S54, soil turning: Use manual labor, plowing or small machinery to turn the soil at a row spacing of 15 to 18 cm, cover the furrows where the seedlings have been placed, and after turning the soil for two furrows, use tools to level the ground surface;

[0021] S55, mulching: Use a 30cm wide black agricultural mulch film, and start covering the mulch film from the position close to the hanging line; dig a trench on one side of the plot, compact the edge of the film, and ensure that the edge of the film is 3-5cm away from the hanging line; stretch the mulch film while pressing the soil on both sides of the film. The width of the soil pressed on the edge of the film close to the hanging line is 5 to 8cm, and the height is 5cm, ensuring that the soil is pressed on the top of the seedlings;

[0022] S56, repeat S52 to S55.

[0023] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are: through the steps of hanging wire positioning, precise furrowing, scientific seedling placement, careful soil turning, strict film covering, etc., not only the accuracy and efficiency of cultivation are improved, but also the growth environment and management level of Angelica sinensis are significantly optimized, providing a strong guarantee for achieving high-yield, high-quality and efficient cultivation of Angelica sinensis.

[0024] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned Angelica sinensis inclined cultivation method, the specific fertilization in S2 is: 2000kg-3000kg of decomposed farmyard manure, 160kg-200kg of commercial bio-organic fertilizer or 40-50kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer are applied per acre of land.

[0025] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are: the organic matter rich in the decomposed farmyard manure can significantly improve the physical properties of the soil, such as increasing the soil aggregate structure, improving the soil's ability to retain water and fertilizer, and reducing soil erosion. Organic matter also promotes the prosperity of soil microbial communities, thereby enhancing the biological activity of the soil and creating a healthier and more fertile growth environment for the roots of angelica. Commercial biological organic fertilizers promote nutrient circulation and transformation in the soil and improve fertilizer utilization through the introduction of specific biological flora.

[0026] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned Angelica sinensis inclined cultivation method, the components of the solution in S4 include: 10kg of clean water, 20ml of 30% copper succinate suspension, 30ml of 3% carbendazim-oxamyl aqueous solution, 15g of 6% oligosaccharide-catenin and 20g of 30% thiamethoxam suspension.

[0027] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are: copper succinate suspension, as a broad-spectrum fungicide, can effectively prevent and control common diseases such as root rot caused by bacteria or fungi, reduce the threat of diseases to plant growth, and ensure the healthy growth of angelica.

[0028] Metalaxyl-Methacin aqueous solution combines the dual effects of metalaxyl and methacin, and has a strong inhibitory effect on pathogens in the soil, especially for diseases caused by Phytophthora such as damping-off disease.

[0029] Oligosaccharide-chain protein is a new type of plant immune activator, which can stimulate the plant's own immune system to enable the plant to actively identify and resist the invasion of pathogens. At the same time, oligosaccharide-chain protein can also promote plant growth and metabolism, improve the plant's resistance to stress, such as drought resistance, cold resistance, salt and alkali resistance, etc., laying a solid foundation for the stable and high yield of angelica.

[0030] Thiamethoxam suspension is highly effective, low toxic and broad-spectrum. It can be quickly absorbed by plants and transmitted to various parts. It has a good control effect on a variety of piercing-sucking mouthparts pests such as aphids, gray planthoppers, red spiders, etc.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: after the Angelica sinensis seedlings are transplanted at an angle of 45°, the seedling tail has good stretchability, laying a solid foundation for normal growth after transplantation. When pulling out the early-stage bolting plants, pull out the plants when the plant spacing is dense. As the plants enter the middle and late growth stages, the force of natural growth will gradually expand the plant spacing to 30-45 cm, effectively preventing the occurrence of seedling shortage and ridge breakage, and ensuring the continuity and stability of the field ecology. After the Angelica sinensis seedlings are transplanted, low temperature inhibits the premature germination of the lateral roots at the head of the seedlings, prompting the plants to highly concentrate limited nutritional resources on the growth of the taproot, thereby promoting the significant elongation and expansion of the taproot. This change is directly reflected in the Angelica sinensis medicinal material that is finally harvested. The number of its head lateral roots is scarce and the diameter is small, while the taproot presents the high-quality characteristics of being long and sturdy, which significantly improves the overall quality and commercial value of the medicinal material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 Flow chart of the Angelica sinensis tilted cultivation method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for cultivating Angelica sinensis in an inclined manner, and the environmental requirements of the method are: annual precipitation of 600mm-700mm, annual average temperature of 4°C-5.5°C. The ambient air quality should meet the second-level standard of GB3095; and the soil should meet the second-level standard of GB15618.

[0035] This includes the following steps:

[0036] S1, plot selection: select plots with an altitude of 2400-2800m, good drainage, high organic matter content, and no angelica planted in the past 3 years. The climate in this area is cool, with a large temperature difference between day and night, which is conducive to the growth of angelica root system and the accumulation of effective ingredients. At the same time, the plot has good drainage performance to avoid waterlogging and root rot; the soil is rich in organic matter, providing sufficient nutritional basis for angelica. The previous crops of the plot were wheat, oats, rapeseed, etc., following the principle of crop rotation, reducing the occurrence of soil-borne diseases, improving soil biodiversity, and creating a more favorable ecological environment for the growth of angelica.

[0037] S2, land preparation and fertilization: In late March, soil thaws and deep plowing is combined to apply fertilizer on the land; 2000kg~3000kg of decomposed farmyard manure, 160kg~200kg of commercial bio-organic fertilizer or 40~50kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer are applied per acre of land.

[0038] S3, seedling selection: select high-quality angelica seedlings with a seedling diameter of 3-5 mm, few branches, and no diseases or mechanical damage;

[0039] S4, treatment of angelica seedlings: soak the angelica seedlings in a chemical insecticide and fungicide solution prepared in advance according to the proportion for 15 to 20 minutes, then take them out and dry the moisture on the surface; the components of the solution include: 10kg of clean water, 20ml of 30% copper succinate suspension (for prevention and control of bacterial diseases), 30ml of 3% carbendazim-oxamyl aqueous solution (for prevention and control of fungal diseases and soil-borne diseases), 15g of 6% oligosaccharide-catenin (for enhancing plant immunity) and 20g of 30% thiamethoxam suspension (for prevention and control of various pests).

[0040] S5, transplanting. In mid-April, the Angelica scabra seedlings treated in S4 were planted in the plots in S2 at a 45° angle.

[0041] S5 is as follows:

[0042] S51, line positioning: Starting from one side of the plot, use the line-hanging tool to hang a line along a straight line to determine the straight line position of the trench;

[0043] S52, trenching: trenching is done manually or mechanically along the hanging line, with a trench depth of 15-20 cm and a trench slope of 45° near the edge of the field;

[0044] S53, seedling placement: Place the Angelica sinensis seedlings vertically on the ditch slope with a spacing of 15 to 17 cm, keeping the seedling heads in a straight line with the seedling heads exposed 1 to 2 cm above the ground;

[0045] S54, soil turning: Use manual labor, plowing or small machinery to turn the soil at a row spacing of 15 to 18 cm, cover the furrows where the seedlings have been placed, and after turning the soil for two furrows, use tools to level the ground surface;

[0046] S55, mulching: Use a 30cm wide black agricultural mulch film, and start covering the mulch film from the position close to the hanging line; dig a trench on one side of the plot, compact the edge of the film, and ensure that the edge of the film is 3-5cm away from the hanging line; stretch the mulch film while pressing the soil on both sides of the film. The width of the soil pressed on the edge of the film close to the hanging line is 5 to 8cm, and the height is 5cm, ensuring that the soil is pressed on the top of the seedlings;

[0047] S56, repeat S42 to S45, and complete the transplanting and film covering work of the entire plot in sequence. During the transplanting process, the continuity and consistency of the actions must be maintained to ensure the quality and efficiency of the transplanting.

[0048] The angelica medicinal materials obtained by the present cultivation method were compared with those obtained by conventional cultivation methods, and the obtained data are shown in Tables 1 and 2, wherein Table 1 shows the parameters of the angelica medicinal materials obtained by the present cultivation method, and Table 2 shows the parameters of the angelica medicinal materials obtained by conventional cultivation methods.

[0049] Table 1:

[0050] Serial number Fresh weight stem base diameter Root length lateral root Taproot length 1 30g 5.6cm 23cm 8 6.4cm 2 35g 5cm 23.8cm 8 7.5cm 3 42g 8.6cm 19.5cm 12 8cm 4 46g 6.5cm 20.6cm 9 roots 7.3cm

[0051] Table 2:

[0052] Serial number Fresh weight stem base diameter Root length lateral root Taproot length 1 30g 7.5cm 22.5cm 22 roots 2.6cm 2 35g 9cm 25cm 20 pieces 3.5cm 3 41g 11cm 23.6cm 18 roots 2.8cm 4 45g 10.3cm 24cm 16 roots 3cm

[0053] Through the comparison of the above data, for two angelica medicinal materials of the same or similar weight, the angelica medicinal material cultivated by this method has the advantages of fewer lateral roots on the head and longer body, thick and obvious main root and fewer lateral roots than the medicinal materials obtained by conventional cultivation methods.

[0054] The present application is described in detail above in conjunction with specific implementation methods and exemplary examples, but these descriptions cannot be understood as limiting the present application. Those skilled in the art understand that, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, a variety of equivalent replacements, modifications or improvements can be made to the technical solution of the present application and its implementation methods, all of which fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating Angelica sinensis in an inclined manner, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, plot selection: select plots with an altitude of 2400-2800m, good drainage, high organic matter content, and no angelica planted within 3 years; S2, land preparation and fertilization: after the soil thaws in late March, deep plowing is combined with fertilization in the plot; S3, seedling selection: select high-quality angelica seedlings with a seedling diameter of 3-5 mm, few branches, and no diseases or mechanical damage; S4, treatment of angelica seedlings: soak the angelica seedlings in a chemical insecticide and fungicide solution prepared in advance in a certain proportion for 15 to 20 minutes, then take them out and dry the surface moisture; S5, Transplanting: Plant the Angelica scabra seedlings treated in S4 at an angle of 45° in the plots in S2.

2. The method for cultivating Angelica sinensis in an inclined manner according to claim 1, characterized in that: S5 is as follows: S51, line positioning: Starting from one side of the plot, use the line-hanging tool to hang a line along a straight line to determine the straight line position of the trench; S52, trenching: trenching is done manually or mechanically along the hanging line, with a trench depth of 15-20 cm and a trench slope of 45° near the edge of the field; S53, seedling placement: Place the Angelica sinensis seedlings vertically on the ditch slope with a spacing of 15 to 17 cm, keeping the seedling heads in a straight line with the seedling heads exposed 1 to 2 cm above the ground; S54, soil turning: Use manual labor, plowing or small machinery to turn the soil at a row spacing of 15 to 18 cm, cover the furrows where the seedlings have been placed, and after turning the soil for two furrows, use tools to level the ground surface; S55, mulching: Use a 30cm wide black agricultural mulch film, and start covering the mulch film from the position close to the hanging line; dig a trench on one side of the plot, compact the edge of the film, and ensure that the edge of the film is 3-5cm away from the hanging line; stretch the mulch film while pressing the soil on both sides of the film. The width of the soil pressed on the edge of the film close to the hanging line is 5 to 8cm, and the height is 5cm, ensuring that the soil is pressed on the top of the seedlings; S56, repeat S52 to S55.

3. The method for cultivating Angelica sinensis in an inclined manner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific fertilization in S2 is: 2000kg~3000kg of decomposed farmyard manure, 160kg~200kg of commercial bio-organic fertilizer or 40~50kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer are applied per acre of land.

4. The method for cultivating Angelica sinensis in an inclined manner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The components of the solution in S4 include: 10kg of clean water, 20ml of copper succinate suspension with a concentration of 30%, 30ml of carbendazim-oxamyl aqueous solution with a concentration of 3%, 15g of oligosaccharide-catenin with a concentration of 6%, and 20g of thiamethoxam suspension with a concentration of 30%.

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