Water chestnut shell breaking and screening device and working method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product processing, in particular to a water chestnut hull breaking and screening device and a working method. The water chestnut shell breaking and screening device comprises a feeding hopper, a conveying mechanism, a cutting mechanism, a screening mechanism and a rack. The bottom of the feeding hopper is provided with a feeding port matched with the water caltrop in shape. The conveying mechanism comprises a belt and a baffle, the baffle is buckled on the belt, and a slideway groove is formed in the middle of the baffle and located on the lower side of the feeding port; the cutting mechanism comprises a blade set located on the upper side of the sliding way groove, the blade set comprises a middle blade and side blades located on the two sides of the middle blade, the middle blade cuts the middle of the water caltrop, and the side blades cut the corner of the water caltrop. The screening mechanism comprises a grinding assembly and a screening assembly, the grinding assembly is located at the tail end of the belt and used for grinding deteriorated pulp, and the screening assembly is located on the lower side of the grinding assembly and used for screening non-deteriorated pulp; the rack ensures that the positions of all the parts are relatively fixed through stable supporting. Efficient and low-cost processing of the water chestnuts is achieved, and the stability of product quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product processing, and in particular to a water chestnut shell breaking and screening device and a working method. Background Art

[0002] Water chestnut is an important aquatic plant, rich in various nutrients, and has significant benefits for human health. Its fruit is rich in protein, dietary fiber, vitamin C and minerals such as potassium, magnesium and iron, which help to enhance immunity, improve the digestive system and regulate blood pressure. In addition, the low fat and low calorie characteristics of water chestnut make it a popular fitness food. In terms of economic value, the demand for water chestnut in the market is gradually increasing, especially in the context of the prevalence of healthy diet, it has become an important green food. The cultivation and processing of water chestnuts not only has high economic returns, but also provides farmers with considerable income, promoting the sustainable development of the rural economy.

[0003] Traditional water chestnut shelling and screening mainly rely on manual operation, which is inefficient and labor-intensive. Manual shelling and screening are not only inefficient, but also costly, and product quality is difficult to guarantee. In addition, manual operation is difficult to adapt to the needs of large-scale production, which limits the further development of the water chestnut processing industry. In the field of mechanical processing, although there are some automated equipment, these equipment often cannot adapt well to the unique morphological characteristics of water chestnuts, resulting in problems such as high breakage rate and low efficiency during processing.

[0004] Therefore, the main problems existing in the prior art include:

[0005] 1. Efficiency issue: Manual shelling and screening are inefficient and cannot meet the needs of large-scale production.

[0006] 2. Cost issue: Manual operation has high cost, which is not conducive to improving economic benefits.

[0007] 3. Unstable quality: Manual operation can easily lead to fluctuations in product quality and affect market competitiveness.

[0008] 4. Adaptability issues: Existing mechanical processing equipment is difficult to adapt to the morphological characteristics of water chestnuts, resulting in a high breakage rate during processing. Summary of the invention

[0009] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a water chestnut shell breaking and screening device and a working method.

[0010] In order to achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0011] A device for breaking and screening water chestnuts, comprising: a feed hopper, a transport mechanism, a cutting mechanism and a screening mechanism; the bottom of the feed hopper has a feed port that matches the shape of the water chestnuts; the transport mechanism comprises a belt and a baffle, the baffle is buckled on the belt, and the middle of the baffle has a slideway groove, and the slideway groove is located on the lower side of the feed port; the cutting mechanism comprises a blade group located on the upper side of the slideway groove, the blade group comprises a middle blade and side blades located on both sides of the middle blade, the middle blade cuts the middle of the water chestnut, and the side blades cut the curved corners of the water chestnut; the screening mechanism comprises a crushing assembly and a screening assembly, the crushing assembly is located at the end of the belt for crushing spoiled pulp, and the screening assembly is located on the lower side of the crushing assembly for screening unspoiled pulp.

[0012] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a working method of the water chestnut shell breaking and screening device as described above, comprising:

[0013] The water chestnuts fall from the feed port to the upper side of the belt and move along the slideway groove to the cutting mechanism;

[0014] The middle blade of the cutting mechanism cuts the outer shell in the middle of the water chestnut, and the side blades cut off the curved corners on both sides of the water chestnut;

[0015] The cut water chestnuts fall from the belt into the crushing assembly in the screening mechanism, the spoiled water chestnuts are crushed, while the pulp and shell of the unspoiled water chestnuts are separated and will not be crushed; the material falls downward into the screening assembly, the shell is blown out, the spoiled pulp falls through the screen holes, and the unspoiled pulp is output from the side.

[0016] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0017] 1. After the water chestnuts to be processed are placed in the hopper, the transport mechanism transports the water chestnuts to the cutting mechanism. The cutting mechanism includes a set of special knives that can efficiently cut the water chestnuts. The screening mechanism is responsible for screening the cut kernels to separate the intact kernels and spoiled pulp. The problems of low efficiency, high cost, unstable quality and poor adaptability in the prior art are solved. Through this technical solution, efficient and low-cost processing of water chestnuts can be achieved, the stability of product quality can be improved, and market demand can be met, which has important economic and social significance.

[0018] 2. The feeding hopper adopts an elliptical feeding port, which can simply and efficiently adjust the posture of the water chestnut when it is on the belt. At the same time, under the clamping of the baffles on both sides, it can avoid problems such as misalignment of the cut and increased breakage rate caused by the crooked water chestnut.

[0019] 3. In view of the unique morphological characteristics of water chestnuts, which are low on both sides and high in the middle, a three-knife cutting mechanism is designed. The shell-breaking knives on both sides have a larger diameter and can cut the thinner parts on both sides of the water chestnuts, while the shell-breaking knives in the middle have a smaller diameter to adapt to the raised part in the middle of the water chestnuts. This differentiated tool configuration enables the blade group to simultaneously and efficiently cut the curved corners on both sides of the water chestnuts and form an incision in the middle, achieving one-time shelling and improving incision efficiency.

[0020] 4. A crushing and screening structure with ideal screening efficiency and quality is designed. By cleverly taking advantage of the hardness difference between spoiled and unspoiled water chestnuts, the spoiled water chestnuts are crushed into debris through the crushing device, while the pulp and shell of the unspoiled water chestnuts are successfully separated. A cam vibration device and a fan are innovatively set under the screening plate. The fan is used to blow out the shell, and then the unspoiled pulp and spoiled water chestnut debris are separated through the dual effects of vibration and gravity, thereby improving the screening efficiency and quality.

[0021] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in the following description, and in part will become obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In addition, the spacing or size between each other is exaggerated to show the position of each part, and the schematic diagram is only used for illustration.

[0023] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the water chestnut shelling and screening device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the feeding hopper in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is an axonometric view of the transport mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a left view of the transport mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the transmission shaft system structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a belt drive base plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7Schematic diagram of a large gear in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the final pulley bearing member in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the cutting mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.10 It is an exploded view of the blade shaft system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the blade shaft in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of a middle blade in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of a fixing member in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Fig.14 Schematic diagram of a first support frame in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the screening mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Fig.16 It is an exploded view of the screening mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Fig.17 Schematic diagram of an auger in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Fig.18 Schematic diagram of a second support frame in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Fig.19 Schematic diagram of the screening mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Fig. 20 Schematic diagram of a collection bucket in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Fig.21 Schematic diagram of the screening plate in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Fig. 22 Schematic diagram of a collection box in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Fig.23 Schematic diagram of a rack in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Fig.24 It is a partial enlarged view of the frame in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Fig.25 It is an exploded view of some components in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Fig.26 This is another axial cross-sectional view of a modified blade in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Fig. 27 This is a schematic diagram of another modified side blade in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Fig.28 This is a schematic diagram of another blade being modified in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Fig.29 Schematic diagram of screening plates of other shapes in embodiments of the present invention.

[0052] Fig.30 Schematic diagram of other size screening plates in embodiments of the present invention.

[0053] In the figure: I, feeding hopper; II, transport mechanism; III, cutting mechanism; IV, screening mechanism; V, frame;

[0054] II-1, small gear; II-2, large gear; II-3, front pulley; II-4, first baffle; II-5, second baffle; II-6, belt; II-7, final pulley; II-8, hexagon socket bolt; II-9, first bearing; II-10, final pulley bearing member; II-11, front pulley bearing member; II-12, motor mounting plate; II-13, locking nut; II-14, first motor; II-15, retaining ring; II-16, spring washer; II-17, first transmission key; II-18, belt transmission base plate;

[0055] III-1, fixing member; III-2, second bearing; III-3, blade shaft; III-4, side blade; III-5, middle blade; III-6, first support frame; III-7, coupling; III-8, second motor; III-9, sleeve; III-10, second transmission key;

[0056] IV-1, third motor; IV-2, auger; IV-3, crushing barrel; IV-4, second support frame; IV-5, collecting barrel; IV-6, fourth motor; IV-7, concentrating plate; IV-8, screening plate; IV-9, cam; IV-10, fan; IV-11, collecting box;

[0057] V-1, aluminum profile; V-2, T-bolt; V-3, T-nut; V-4, angle fitting; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. In addition, it should also be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] In order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background technology, this embodiment proposes a water chestnut shell breaking and screening device. Figure 1 As shown, the water chestnut shell breaking and screening device includes a feeding hopper I, a transport mechanism II, a cutting mechanism III, a screening mechanism IV and a frame V.

[0061] The bottom of the feed hopper I of the device is provided with a feed inlet that matches the shape of the water chestnut. The feed inlet is designed to match the entrance of the water chestnut shape, so that the water chestnut can smoothly pass through and enter the transport mechanism II below under the action of gravity and ensure that the middle of the water chestnut faces downward and the curved corners on both sides are upward. The size and shape of the feed inlet are optimized to adapt to water chestnuts of different sizes, ensuring the wide applicability of the device.

[0062] The transport mechanism II includes a belt II-6 and a baffle mounted on the belt II-6. A slide groove is provided in the middle of the baffle, and the slide groove is located at the lower side of the feed port, which is used to guide the movement path of the water chestnuts during the conveying process. The design of the baffle allows the water chestnuts to move steadily along the slide groove without deviation. The slide groove matches the bottom shape of the water chestnuts, ensuring that the water chestnuts can maintain a stable posture and move to the cutting mechanism III position. By installing a baffle on the belt II-6, the device can continuously transport a large number of water chestnuts and ensure that each water chestnut can accurately reach the cutting mechanism III in a specific posture, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of opening and breaking the shell.

[0063] The cutting mechanism III is installed on the upper side of the slideway groove. The blade group consists of a middle blade III-5 and a side blade III-4, which is designed to achieve accurate cutting of the water chestnut shell. The middle blade III-5 is located in the middle of the water chestnut and cuts the shell in the middle of the water chestnut through precise alignment, while the side blades III-4 located on both sides of the middle blade III-5 are used to cut the curved corners of the water chestnut. This design ensures the accuracy of cutting. The cutting mechanism III can achieve accurate cutting of the shell while ensuring the integrity of the water chestnut flesh by reasonably arranging the positions of the middle blade III-5 and the side blade III-4.

[0064] The screening mechanism IV is located at the end of the transport mechanism II and includes a crushing component and a screening component. After being processed by the cutting mechanism III, the water chestnuts fall into the crushing component, where the spoiled pulp is soft and will be crushed to separate it from the unspoiled pulp. The screening component is located below the crushing component and is used to further screen the unspoiled pulp and shell.

[0065] The longitudinal section of the feed hopper I in this embodiment along the conveying direction of the belt II-6 is designed to be conical, and the cross section of its feed opening is elliptical. The conical design can utilize gravity and the structural characteristics of the feed hopper I to make the water chestnuts slide down smoothly to adapt to the slideway groove of the transport mechanism II. The elliptical cross-section feed opening can better adapt to the shape of the water chestnuts.

[0066] like Figure 2 As shown in the schematic diagram of the feed hopper, the feed hopper I is a whole composed of a funnel and a base. The feed inlet below the funnel is elliptical in shape, which is very similar to the shape of a water chestnut and is used to fix the posture and position of the water chestnut. The base is provided with eight threaded holes for fixing the feed hopper I on the belt drive base plate II-18.

[0067] The device also includes a frame V, on which a belt drive base plate II-18 is arranged. The feed hopper I and the transport mechanism II are both mounted on the belt drive base plate II-18, which ensures that the positions of various parts are relatively fixed by providing a stable support. The material of the belt drive base plate II-18 is preferably a metal material to withstand the weight and vibration of the equipment during long-term operation. Through the structural arrangement of the frame V, the device has good stability, facilitates the equipment to maintain precise operation during continuous operation, reduces the impact of vibration on various parts of the device, and facilitates maintenance and cleaning.

[0068] The baffles are divided into a first baffle II-4 and a second baffle II-5, both of which are Z-shaped plates and are symmetrically installed on both sides of the belt II-6. The gap between the two baffles forms a slideway groove to ensure that the water chestnuts can be stably transported and enter the cutting mechanism III. The design of the Z-shaped baffle facilitates the water chestnuts to remain in the correct position during the conveying process of the belt II-6 to prevent the water chestnuts from deviating due to swinging. The size of the slideway groove between the two baffles has been optimized to accommodate water chestnuts of different sizes, while reducing the flipping of water chestnuts during the conveying process, thereby improving the accuracy of the shell breaking and screening process.

[0069] The transport mechanism II in this device also includes a first motor II-14, a front pulley II-3 and a final pulley II-7, and the front pulley II-3 and the final pulley II-7 are mounted on a belt drive base plate II-18 and supported by bearings. Belt II-6 is wound between the front pulley II-3 and the final pulley II-7, and the first motor II-14 drives the front pulley II-3 to rotate through a gear set, thereby driving the belt II-6 to continuously transport the water chestnuts at a certain speed. The design of the first motor II-14 and the gear set takes transmission efficiency and noise control into consideration to ensure that the device can still run smoothly when working for a long time under high load. Through the close connection between the front pulley II-3 and the final pulley II-7, the belt II-6 can maintain appropriate tension to avoid the occurrence of belt II-6 slippage and the like, thereby ensuring the stable transportation of the water chestnuts.

[0070] like Figure 4 As shown in the left view of the transport mechanism II, the first motor II-14 is fixed to the motor mounting plate II-12 by means of a hexagon socket bolt II-8, and the motor mounting plate II-12 is fixed to the frame V by means of a hexagon socket bolt II-8. The pinion II-1 is connected to the first motor II-14, and the large gear II-2 (as shown in FIG. Figure 7 The outer end face of the pinion II-1 is equipped with a locking nut II-13 to fix the pinion II-1. The outer end face of the large gear II-2 is equipped with a retaining ring II-15 and a spring washer II-16 to prevent the bolts from loosening and reduce vibration.

[0071] The model of the first motor II-14 selected in this embodiment is Y90S-6, the belt II-6 is a type A ordinary flat belt, and the transmission ratio of the small gear II-1 and the large gear II-2 is I=3.

[0072] like Figure 5 As shown in the schematic diagram of the transmission shaft system structure, the front pulley II-3 is connected to the large gear II-2 through the first transmission key II-17, and the two ends of the front pulley II-3 are installed on the front pulley bearing member II-11 through the first bearing II-9, and the front pulley bearing member II-11 is fixed to the frame V through the hexagon socket bolt II-8.

[0073] like Figure 3 As shown in the axonometric view of the transport mechanism II, both ends of the final pulley II-7 are mounted on the final pulley bearing member II-10 (such as Figure 8The first baffle plate II-4 and the second baffle plate II-5 are installed on both sides of the belt II-6 and fixed to the belt drive bottom plate II-18 (as shown in FIG. 1 ) by means of the hexagon socket bolt II-8. Figure 6 As shown), it is used to ensure the posture of the water chestnut corners.

[0074] During operation, the first motor II-14 drives the small gear II-1 to rotate, the small gear II-1 drives the large gear II-2 to rotate, and the large gear II-2 transmits the motion to the front pulley II-3. The front pulley II-3 and the belt II-6 are transmitted through friction, and the belt II-6 drives the end pulley II-7 to rotate, finally realizing the overall operation of the transport mechanism II.

[0075] The middle blade III-5 and the side blade III-4 in the cutting mechanism III are both mounted on the blade shaft III-3 and separated by the sleeve III-9. The diameter of the middle blade III-5 is smaller than that of the side blade III-4, which is convenient for accurate cutting of the middle part of the water chestnut, while the side blade III-4 is specifically used to cut the curved corners on both sides of the water chestnut. The sleeve III-9 plays a fixing role to ensure that the middle blade III-5 and the side blade III-4 maintain an appropriate spacing.

[0076] The cutting mechanism III also includes a second motor III-8, a fixing member III-1 and a first support frame III-6. The two ends of the blade shaft III-3 are respectively mounted on the fixing member III-1 and the first support frame III-6, and the fixing member III-1 and the first support frame III-6 are both mounted on the belt drive base plate II-18. The second motor III-8 is mounted on the first support frame III-6 to drive the blade shaft III-3 to rotate. By reasonably configuring the fixing member III-1 and the first support frame III-6, it is ensured that the blade can maintain stable rotation during the water chestnut cutting process and achieve a precise cutting effect.

[0077] like Fig. 9 As shown in the schematic diagram of the cutting mechanism III, the blade shaft III-3 (such as Fig.11 One end of the bearing is fixed to the fixing member III-1 (as shown) through the second bearing III-2. Fig.13 The other end is connected to the coupling III-7 and supported by the first support frame III-6 (as shown in FIG. Fig.14 The second motor III-8 is fixed on the first support frame III-6. The fixing member III-1 and the first support frame III-6 are both fixed on the belt drive base plate II-18.

[0078] like Fig.10As shown in the exploded diagram of the blade shaft system, the middle blade III-5 (such as Fig.12 As shown) and the side blade III-4 are connected to the blade shaft III-3 through a second transmission key III-10, and a sleeve III-9 is installed between the middle blade III-5 and the side blade III-4 to limit the position of the tool.

[0079] like Fig.12 As shown in the schematic diagram of the middle blade III-5, the blade shape of the middle blade III-5 is rectangular, and the diameter d can be changed according to the size of the water chestnut. The structure and shape of the side blade III-4 are the same as those of the middle blade III-5, only the diameter d is larger than that of the middle blade III-5.

[0080] In this embodiment, the thickness h of the side blade III-4 and the middle blade III-5 is 1.5 mm to 1.8 mm, preferably h = 1.6 mm. The cutting edge angle γ is 50° to 70°, preferably 60°. The materials used include but are not limited to carbon steel, stainless steel, high-speed steel and cemented carbide. The model of the second motor III-8 is Y132M1-6.

[0081] Since the shell of water chestnut is hard, the shell breaking tool is easily damaged during use and needs to be replaced from time to time. In addition, for water chestnuts of different sizes, it is also necessary to replace the tool of the corresponding diameter to meet the shell breaking requirements. Therefore, this embodiment provides a cutting mechanism III that is easy to disassemble.

[0082] like Fig.26 As shown in the cross-sectional view of the modified blade shaft, the modified blade shaft III-3 is provided with axially symmetrical threaded holes for mounting the middle blade III-5 and the side blade III-4. Fig. 27 and Fig.28 As shown, the middle blade III-5 and the side blade III-4 are both provided with two threaded holes, which can be installed on the refitting blade shaft III-3 by bolts. Compared with the key connection mode, the bolt connection in this embodiment is easier to disassemble.

[0083] The crushing assembly includes a third motor IV-1, an auger IV-2 and a crushing barrel IV-3. The third motor IV-1 is mounted on the frame V and is used to drive the auger IV-2 to rotate. The crushing barrel IV-3 is located inside the frame V, and the end of the belt II-6 is located above the crushing barrel IV-3, so that the cut water chestnuts fall directly into the crushing barrel IV-3. The auger IV-2 is designed to crush the spoiled water chestnut pulp in the crushing barrel IV-3, and the unspoiled pulp can be separated from the shell, thereby achieving pre-treatment of the pulp.

[0084] The screening mechanism IV includes a second support frame IV-4, a collecting barrel IV-5, a fourth motor IV-6, a concentrating plate IV-7, a screening plate IV-8, a cam IV-9, a fan IV-10 and a collecting box IV-11. The crushing barrel IV-3 is mounted on the second support frame IV-4, and the collecting barrel IV-5 is located below the second support frame IV-4, with a concentrating plate IV-7 and a screening plate IV-8 built in. The concentrating plate IV-7 and the screening plate IV-8 are respectively set at an inclination angle to guide the flow of materials. There is a gap between the upper end of the screening plate IV-8 and the barrel wall of the collecting barrel IV-5, and the fan IV-10 blows toward the gap to further separate the pulp and the shell. The collecting box IV-11 is placed below the collecting barrel IV-5 to collect the fallen pulp debris and shell. The lower end of the screening plate IV-8 is hinged to the barrel wall, and the cam IV-9 rotates under the drive of the fourth motor IV-6, driving the screening plate IV-8 to vibrate, thereby further improving the screening effect. Through the coordinated work of these components, the device can effectively screen out the intact pulp and collect it into the designated area.

[0085] like Fig.15 , Fig.16 As shown, the third motor IV-1 is fixed on the frame V, the auger IV-2 is connected to the third motor IV-1, the crushing barrel IV-3 is sleeved on the outside of the auger IV-2, and the crushing barrel IV-3 is supported by the second support frame IV-4 (as shown in FIG. Fig.18 As shown), the second support frame IV-4 is supported by the collecting bucket IV-5, and the material collecting bucket IV-5 is fixed on the frame V.

[0086] like Fig.17 As shown in the schematic diagram of the auger, the depth of the spiral groove of the auger IV-2 gradually decreases, which can continuously generate squeezing force and friction force on the water chestnut.

[0087] like Fig.19 , Fig. 20 As shown, the inner surface of the material collecting bucket IV-5 is provided with an inclined outwardly extending edge for installing the concentrating plate IV-7 and the screening plate IV-8 (as shown in FIG. Fig.21 As shown), one side is provided with four threaded holes and a circular through hole for installing the fourth motor IV-6, and one side is provided with a rectangular discharge port. The cam IV-9 is connected to the fourth motor IV-6 and is located below the screening plate IV-8, and is used to vibrate the screening plate IV-8 to improve the screening efficiency.

[0088] In this embodiment, the model of the third motor IV-1 is YS60-4, the model of the fourth motor IV-6 is Y90S-6, the inclination angles of the central plate and the screening plate are 20°~40°, preferably 25°, the materials used for the screening plate include but are not limited to galvanized steel, stainless steel, nylon, polyurethane, polypropylene and low carbon steel, and the materials used for the auger include but are not limited to stainless steel, carbon steel and nylon.

[0089] like Fig.23 , Fig.24 As shown, the frame V includes aluminum profiles V-1, T-bolts V-2, T-nuts V-3 and angle pieces V-4. The aluminum profiles V-1 are connected by angle pieces V-4, T-bolts V-2 and T-nuts V-3.

[0090] Fig.25 The exploded view of some components shows the assembly relationship between the feed hopper I, the cutting mechanism III, the frame V, the first baffle II-4, the second baffle II-5 and the belt drive bottom plate II-18. The feed hopper I, the cutting mechanism III, the first baffle II-4 and the second baffle II-5 are respectively connected to the belt drive bottom plate II-18 through the hexagon socket bolts II-8, and the belt drive bottom plate II-18 is further connected to the frame V through the hexagon socket bolts II-8.

[0091] During operation, the third motor IV-1 drives the auger IV-2 to rotate. Since the deteriorated water chestnuts are softer than the undeteriorated water chestnuts, the deteriorated water chestnuts are crushed under the extrusion and friction of the auger IV-2 and the crushing barrel IV-3, while the undeteriorated water chestnuts are not crushed, and the pulp and shell are separated. The material spun out of the auger IV-2 first falls on the concentrating plate IV-7, and then slides onto the screening plate IV-8. During the falling process, the shell is blown to the left by the fan IV-10 and falls from the gap between the screening plate IV-8 and the barrel wall. The screening plate IV-8 vibrates continuously under the action of the cam IV-9. The debris of the deteriorated water chestnuts will fall from the circular hole on the screening plate IV-8 to the bottom of the screening plate IV-8, and the pulp of the undeteriorated water chestnuts will roll out of the screening plate IV-8. The collection box IV-11 under the collection barrel IV-5 will collect the shell that falls from the gap on one side of the screening plate IV-8 and the pulp debris that falls from the circular hole.

[0092] like Fig.29 As shown, this embodiment introduces two new hole shapes, square holes and diamond holes. This design not only enriches the hole shape selection of the screening plate IV-8, but also enables the screening process to achieve more effective screening for material particles of specific shapes.

[0093] like Fig.30 As shown, in order to meet the screening needs of material particles of different sizes, the sizes of circular holes, square holes and diamond holes are enlarged to twice the original size while maintaining the diversity of hole shapes. This design enables the screening plate IV-8 to flexibly respond to changes in material size. When encountering large-sized diamonds, it can be quickly replaced with the large-hole screening plate IV-8 provided in this embodiment, thereby avoiding the problem of screening blockage or low efficiency caused by too small a hole diameter.

[0094] Example 2

[0095] This embodiment proposes the working method of the water chestnut shelling and screening device in embodiment 1:

[0096] After the fresh water chestnuts are put into the feed hopper I, they fall from the feed port onto the belt II-6 and are then transferred to the cutting mechanism III. The middle blade III-5 cuts the shell of the middle part of the water chestnuts, and the side blades III-4 cut off the curved corners on both sides of the water chestnuts. The cut water chestnuts fall from the belt II-6 into the crushing assembly in the screening mechanism IV. Since the deteriorated water chestnuts are softer than the undeteriorated water chestnuts, the deteriorated water chestnuts are crushed under the extrusion and friction of the auger IV-2 and the crushing assembly, while the flesh and shell of the undeteriorated water chestnuts are separated and will not be crushed. As the auger IV-2 rotates, the material is transported downward, then falls onto the concentrating plate IV-7, and then slides onto the screening plate IV-8. During the falling process, the shell is blown out from the edge of the screening plate IV-8 by the fan IV-10. As the screening plate IV-8 is continuously vibrated by the cam IV-9, the spoiled water chestnut pulp debris will fall from the sieve holes on the screening plate IV-8 to the bottom of the screening plate IV-8, and the unspoiled water chestnut pulp will roll out of the screening plate IV-8.

[0097] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water chestnut shell breaking and screening device, characterized in that: include: Feeding hopper, transport mechanism, cutting mechanism and screening mechanism; The bottom of the feed hopper has a feed opening matching the shape of the water chestnut; The transport mechanism comprises a belt and a baffle, wherein the baffle is buckled on the belt and a slideway groove is provided in the middle of the baffle, and the slideway groove is located at the lower side of the feed port; The cutting mechanism comprises a blade set located on the upper side of the slideway groove, the blade set comprises a middle blade and side blades located on both sides of the middle blade, the middle blade cuts the middle of the water chestnut, and the side blades cut the curved corners of the water chestnut; The screening mechanism comprises a crushing assembly and a screening assembly, wherein the crushing assembly is located at the end of the belt and is used for crushing spoiled fruit pulp, and the screening assembly is located at the lower side of the crushing assembly and is used for screening unspoiled fruit pulp.

2. The water chestnut shell breaking and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal section of the feeding hopper along the belt conveying direction is conical, and the cross section of the feeding port is elliptical.

3. The water chestnut shell breaking and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water chestnut shell breaking and screening device also includes a frame, a belt transmission bottom plate is arranged on the frame, and the feeding hopper, conveying mechanism and screening mechanism are all installed on the frame.

4. The water chestnut shell breaking and screening device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The baffle includes a first baffle and a second baffle, both of which are Z-shaped plates. The first baffle and the second baffle are symmetrically and oppositely installed on both sides of the belt, and a set gap is provided between the first baffle and the second baffle to form a slideway groove.

5. The water chestnut shell breaking and screening device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transport mechanism further comprises a first motor, a front pulley and a final pulley, wherein the front pulley and the final pulley are mounted on the frame via bearings, the belt is wound around the front pulley and the final pulley, and the first motor drives the front pulley to rotate via a gear set.

6. The water chestnut shell breaking and screening device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The middle blade and the side blade are installed on the blade shaft, a sleeve is arranged between the middle blade and the side blade, and the diameter of the middle blade is smaller than the diameter of the side blade.

7. The water chestnut shell breaking and screening device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cutting mechanism also includes a second motor, a fixing member and a first support frame, wherein the fixing member and the first support frame are both mounted on a belt drive base plate, and both ends of the blade shaft are respectively mounted on the fixing member and the first support frame, and the second motor is mounted on the first support frame and drives the blade shaft to rotate.

8. The water chestnut shell breaking and screening device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The crushing assembly includes a third motor, an auger and a crushing barrel. The third motor is installed on a frame. The crushing barrel is located in the frame, and the end of the belt is located on the upper side of the crushing barrel. The auger is located in the crushing barrel. The third motor drives the auger to rotate.

9. The water chestnut shell breaking and screening device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The screening mechanism includes a second support frame, a collecting barrel, a fourth motor, a concentrating plate, a screening plate, a cam, a fan and a collecting box, the crushing barrel is installed on the second support frame, the collecting barrel is located at the lower side of the second support frame, an inclined concentrating plate and a screening plate are installed in the collecting barrel, the screening plate is located at the lower side of the concentrating plate, the lower end of the screening plate is hinged to the barrel wall of the collecting barrel, a set gap is formed between the upper end of the screening plate and the barrel wall of the collecting barrel, a fan is installed on the upper side of the hinged end of the screening plate, the fan faces the gap between the screening plate and the barrel wall, the cam is installed on the inner wall of the collecting barrel, the fourth motor drives the cam to rotate and then drives the screening plate to vibrate, and the collecting box is placed under the collecting barrel to collect fallen pulp debris and shells.

10. A method for operating the water chestnut shell breaking and screening device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: The water chestnuts fall from the feed port to the upper side of the belt and move along the slideway groove to the cutting mechanism; The middle blade of the cutting mechanism cuts the outer shell in the middle of the water chestnut, and the side blades cut off the curved corners on both sides of the water chestnut; The cut water chestnuts fall from the belt into the crushing component in the screening mechanism. The spoiled water chestnuts are crushed, while the pulp and shell of the unspoiled water chestnuts are separated and will not be crushed; the material falls downward into the screening component, the shell is blown out, the spoiled water chestnut fragments fall through the screen holes, and the unspoiled pulp is output from the side.

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