Method for coating fluorine-containing base film on surface of cutter

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for coating a fluorine-containing base film on the surface of a cutter. The method comprises the following steps of: a, oil removal, degreasing and rust removal of the surface of the cutter; b, drying and dehydrating the surface of the cutter; c, coating the base membrane liquid; d, a micro-permeation process of the base membrane liquid; and e, curing the base film liquid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a tool coating method, in particular to a method for coating a fluorine-containing base film on the surface of a tool. Background Art

[0002] Cutting tools are tools used for cutting in mechanical manufacturing, also known as cutting tools (the vast majority of cutting tools are for machines, but there are also hand-used ones). There are many types and styles, including all drills, screwdrivers, cutters, etc. are all cutting tools.

[0003] The development of modern industry has led to a variety of uses for cutting tools. However, the most widely used ones are metal cutting tools for cutting metal materials, woodworking tools for cutting wood, and mining tools for geological exploration, well drilling, and mine drilling, etc.

[0004] The materials processed by cutting tools include almost all materials synthesized by humans, so the materials used to make cutting tools are also countless. However, no matter how different these materials are, the materials used to make cutting tools must follow the basic rules of wear resistance, high hardness, firmness and reliability, or in other words, all cutting tools must show the rule of very small deformation under long-term operation, so as to ensure that the dimensions of the processed parts have extremely high precision during the processing of large quantities of materials.

[0005] To achieve this goal, humans follow two routes to improve the wear resistance of cutting tools and extend their service life.

[0006] (1) Improve the manufacturing materials and manufacturing process of the tool to increase its hardness and strength.

[0007] Copper tools such as brass cones, copper cones, drills, knives, etc. have appeared since BC.

[0008] In the late Warring States period (third century BC), steel knives were made due to the mastery of carburizing technology.

[0009] By the late 18th century knives were made of solid high-carbon tool steel and had a cutting speed of about 5 m / min.

[0010] In 1868, Mushet of England made alloy tool steel containing tungsten, and the cutting speed of the tool was increased to about 8 meters per minute.

[0011] In 1898, Taylor and White of the United States invented high-speed tool steel, which increased the cutting speed of the tool to more than twice that of alloy tool steel.

[0012] In 1923, Schroter of Germany invented cemented carbide, which increased the cutting speed of cutting tools to more than twice that of high-speed tool steel, and greatly improved the surface quality and dimensional accuracy of workpieces produced by cutting.

[0013] In 1938, the German company Degussa obtained a patent for ceramic knives.

[0014] In 1972, General Electric Company of the United States produced polycrystalline artificial diamond and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride blades.

[0015] Non-metallic tool materials allow tools to adapt to higher cutting speeds.

[0016] (2) Improve the microstructure of the tool surface, coat or generate a metal or non-metal protective film layer, enhance the surface hardness of the tool, and improve wear resistance.

[0017] In 1969, Sandvik Steel of Sweden obtained a patent for the production of titanium carbide coated carbide blades using chemical vapor deposition.

[0018] In 1972, Bangsa and Lagulan of the United States developed a physical vapor deposition method to coat a titanium carbide or titanium nitride hard layer on the surface of cemented carbide or high-speed steel tools. The surface coating method combines the high strength and toughness of the base material with the high hardness and wear resistance of the surface layer, thus giving the composite material better cutting performance.

[0019] Research on cutting tools at home and abroad mainly focuses on studying harder materials to make cutting tools, or using very hard materials to attach to the contact surface between the cutting tool and the workpiece.

[0020] For example, patents such as CN105773093A, CN105773092A, and CN105772731A introduce the use of super-hard alloys and use innovative processing techniques to improve the hardness of the tool material itself and the rationality of the structure, thereby minimizing the structural defects of the tool itself and extending the life of the tool.

[0021] Patents CN105779996A, CN105779937A, CN105734505A, etc., introduce methods of generating a diamond-like structure on the surface of a tool to increase the hardness of the contact surface between the tool and the workpiece.

[0022] We know that the causes of tool wear can be divided into four categories: hard point wear, adhesive wear (cold welding wear), diffusion wear, and phase change wear.

[0023] Traditional research believes that:

[0024] To avoid hard point wear, the only way to reduce wear is to increase the hardness of the tool material itself or the contact surface between the tool and the workpiece; therefore, it is necessary to use super-hard metal to make the tool, or to make the tool surface have a super-hard structure attachment layer similar to diamond.

[0025] To avoid cold welding wear, it is necessary to reduce the affinity between the tool material and the workpiece material and further increase the hardness of the tool; this requires the use of tools of different materials for different workpiece materials, or the reduction of cold welding wear by attaching one or more layers of material to the surface of the tool.

[0026] To avoid diffusion wear, the only way is to increase the diffusion temperature of the tool material; the same can be done by improving the material properties of the tool itself and improving the tool manufacturing process conditions.

[0027] To avoid phase change wear, the phase change temperature of the tool material must be increased.

[0028] In summary, it seems that only by making the tool material or the material attached to the tool surface harder, stronger, less compatible with the workpiece, and the tool material and manufacturing process more excellent can the tool wear be reduced and its life be increased. The inventors have found through research that in addition to the above methods, by reducing the surface energy of the tool, the wear of hard particles can be effectively reduced, cold welding wear can be avoided, and diffusion wear can be reduced. At the same time, the heat generated by the tool processing workpiece is also reduced, and phase change wear is inhibited.

[0029] Instruction Manual

[0030] Figure 1 The invention discloses a Linmuir gate fragment on a solid surface treated with the composition of the invention, wherein: 1: a sawtooth surfactant molecule; 2: a lubricating medium; and 3: a solid surface. Summary of the invention

[0031] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that, in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, a method for coating a fluorine-containing base film on the surface of a tool is provided, comprising the following steps: a. a process of degreasing, derusting and removing oil from the tool surface; b. a process of drying and dehydrating the tool surface; c. a process of coating the base film liquid; d. a process of micro-penetration of the base film liquid; and e. a process of solidifying the base film liquid.

[0032] As an improvement to the method of coating a fluorine-containing base film on a tool surface described in the present invention, the steps of the tool surface degreasing, derusting and derusting process are as follows: the tool is washed and soaked in a cleaning agent solution other than a water agent for 10 minutes; soaked in 2% dilute hydrochloric acid for 2 minutes; rinsed and soaked in distilled water bubbled with nitrogen for 2-3 hours for 2-3 minutes; and the tool surface degreasing, degreasing and derusting are completed.

[0033] As a further improvement of the method of coating a fluorine-containing base film on a tool surface described in the present invention, the drying and dehydration process steps of the tool surface are as follows: placing the tool in a vacuum oven; heating to 100°C in a vacuum environment and continuing drying for 2 hours; cooling to 40°C in the vacuum drying oven; and completing intercrystalline dehydration.

[0034] As a further improvement to the method of coating a fluorine-containing base film on the surface of a tool described in the present invention, the coating process steps of the base film liquid are as follows: placing the tool in a high molecular low surface energy composition for immersion; heating the composition to 90-100°C for 0.5h; taking out the tool and drying it; completing the coating of the base film liquid.

[0035] As a further improvement of the method of coating a fluorine-containing base film on a tool surface described in the present invention, the polymer low surface energy composition includes the following components: 0.1-10% fluorine-containing organic polymer surfactant, 0-10% functional additives, and 80-99.9% environmentally friendly fluorine-containing solvent.

[0036] As a further improvement to the method of coating a fluorine-containing base film on a tool surface described in the present invention, the micro-permeation process steps of the base film liquid are as follows: placing the tool in a vacuum oven; standing in a vacuum for 0.5 hours; and completing the micro-permeation treatment.

[0037] As a further improvement of the method of coating a fluorine-containing base film on a tool surface described in the present invention, the curing process steps of the base film liquid are as follows: heating the vacuum oven to 120°C; standing in a vacuum for 1.5 hours; cooling to 10-30°C; taking out the tool to complete the processing.

[0038] As a further improvement to the method of coating a fluorine-containing base film on a tool surface according to the present invention, the vacuum environment in the vacuum oven is at least -0.098 Mpa.

[0039] Compared with the related art, the method of coating a fluorine-containing base film on the surface of a tool of the present invention can be used for coating the surface of tools of various materials, and also has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] The present invention uses a polymer low surface energy composition to obtain a thickness of about The surface treatment method of the single-molecule fluorine-containing base film (3-5 nanometers) can effectively reduce the surface energy of the tool, fill the intergranular cracks on the surface of the tool, effectively eliminate the penetration of hydrogen atoms into the surface of the steel tool (to prevent hydrogen embrittlement effect), and reduce internal stress.

[0041] At this time, because the high molecular polymer used forms a nanoscale monomolecular layer on the surface of the tool, it can achieve a certain degree of deformation such as twisting and extrusion. When filling the gap, it can produce a soft and hard structure with the surface of the tool body, thereby improving the toughness of the tool surface microstructure.

[0042] Therefore, the hardness of the tool and the material of the layer attached to the tool surface has not increased, but the tool has shown higher strength and wear resistance, thereby reducing the wear of hard points.

[0043] The high molecular weight low surface energy composition used has fluorine-containing groups, showing strong hydrophobicity and lipophilicity, which can block the penetration of various compounds into various gaps on the surface of the tool, such as hydrogen penetration, etc. The fluorine-containing groups can also provide high self-lubricity, which can reduce the friction and hysteresis between the tool and the workpiece. Due to the reduction of the surface energy of the tool, the friction, hysteresis and adhesion between the tool and the workpiece at the molecular level are reduced, the friction heat between the tool and the workpiece is reduced, the surface temperature of the tool is reduced, and the occurrence of diffusion wear and phase change wear is reduced and inhibited.

[0044] Since a strong film is generated, there is no direct contact between the tool and the workpiece, and cold welding wear can also be avoided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which typical embodiments of the present invention are shown.

[0046] The method provided by the invention comprises a plurality of procedures and processes including degreasing and rust removal on the surface of the tool, intergranular dehydration, base film liquid coating, micro-penetration and base film liquid solidification.

[0047] The purpose is: (1) to thoroughly degrease, derust and remove the surface material of the tool so that the tool surface material is completely exposed; (2) to perform intergranular dehydration through various drying and dehydration methods so that the treatment liquid has the opportunity to penetrate into the various microstructures on the tool surface; (3) to apply the base film liquid so that the coating layer is uniform; (4) to perform micro-penetration treatment so that the coating layer thoroughly penetrates into various microstructures; (5) to solidify the base film liquid so that the coating layer obtained on the tool surface is firmly bonded to the tool surface. Only in this way can the surface of various tools have a thickness of about (3-5 nanometers) of single-molecule fluorine-containing base film.

[0048] The polymer low surface energy composition of the present invention includes the following components: 0.1-10% fluorine-containing organic polymer surfactant, 0-10% functional additives, and 80-99.9% environmentally friendly fluorine-containing solvent. Specifically, the polymer low surface energy composition is the related compound published by the company in patent ZL201610031826.3.

[0049] The specific implementation steps of the present invention are as follows:

[0050] 1. Degreasing, degreasing and rust removal process on the tool surface;

[0051] Including common metal processing methods such as pickling, alkali washing, organic solution cleaning, grinding, etc. Depending on the specific conditions of the tool material surface, its purpose is to completely remove the "debris" attached to the tool surface so that the tool surface that needs to be processed is completely exposed.

[0052] 2. Drying and dehydration process of tool surface;

[0053] It includes direct drying, vacuum drying, vacuum drying after solvent dehydration, microwave heating vacuum dehydration and other methods, the purpose of which is to effectively remove moisture from the surface of the tool, especially moisture between the crystals.

[0054] 3. Base film liquid coating process;

[0055] It includes low temperature dipping coating, boiling dipping coating, microwave dipping coating, boiling microwave dipping coating. Its purpose is to make the high molecular low surface energy composition evenly spread on the surface of the tool and fully penetrate into the intercrystalline gaps on the surface of the tool according to the specific conditions of the tool surface.

[0056] 4. Micro-penetration process of basement membrane liquid;

[0057] It includes grinding method, vacuum method, pressure method, and vacuum and pressure combined method. Its purpose is to strengthen the penetration of base film liquid into the intercrystalline gaps on the tool surface.

[0058] 5. Curing process of base film liquid;

[0059] The curing methods include ultraviolet light induced polymerization curing, heating curing, etc. The purpose is to make the high molecular weight low surface energy composition coated on the surface of the tool self-polymerize to form a stable and strong adhesion layer.

[0060] Embodiment 1

[0061] 1. Degreasing, degreasing and rust removal process on the tool surface;

[0062] Wash and soak the tungsten steel tool in a cleaning solution other than water for 10 minutes;

[0063] Soak in about 2% dilute hydrochloric acid for 2 minutes;

[0064] Rinse and soak for 2-3 minutes in distilled water bubbled with nitrogen for 2-3 hours;

[0065] The tool degreasing and rust removal is completed.

[0066] 2. Drying and dehydration process of tool surface;

[0067] Immediately place the tungsten steel tool in a vacuum oven, maintain vacuum (-0.098MPa), heat (100℃) and dry for 2h;

[0068] Cool down to about 40℃ in a vacuum drying oven;

[0069] Intergranular dehydration is completed.

[0070] 3. Base film liquid coating process;

[0071] Then take it out immediately and soak it in a high molecular weight low surface energy composition;

[0072] and heating the composition to slightly boiling (about 90-100° C.) for 0.5 h;

[0073] Take out the tungsten steel cutter and let it dry;

[0074] Complete the coating of the base film liquid.

[0075] 4. Micro-penetration process of basement membrane liquid;

[0076] Place the tungsten steel tool in a vacuum oven and maintain the vacuum (-0.098MPa) for 0.5h;

[0077] Micro-penetration treatment is completed (hydrogen and oxygen combination, removal of intergranular, replacement of hydrogen and oxygen atoms).

[0078] 5. Curing process of base film liquid;

[0079] Then the vacuum oven was heated to 120°C and treated under vacuum (-0.098 MPa) for 1.5 h;

[0080] Cool down to room temperature (10-30℃);

[0081] Take out the tungsten steel cutter;

[0082] Processing completed.

[0083] Embodiment 2

[0084] 1. Degreasing, degreasing and rust removal process on the tool surface;

[0085] Wash and soak the tungsten steel tool in a cleaning solution other than water for 10 minutes;

[0086] Soak in about 2% dilute hydrochloric acid for 2 minutes;

[0087] Rinse and soak for 2-3 minutes in distilled water bubbled with nitrogen for 2-3 hours;

[0088] The tool degreasing and rust removal is completed.

[0089] 2. Drying and dehydration process of tool surface;

[0090] Immediately place the tungsten steel tool in anhydrous ethanol and soak it for 2 hours;

[0091] Then take out the tungsten steel tool and place it in a vacuum oven, maintain vacuum (-0.098MPa) and heat (100℃) to dry for 1h;

[0092] Cool down to about 40℃ in a vacuum drying oven;

[0093] Intergranular dehydration is completed.

[0094] 3. Base film liquid coating process;

[0095] Then immediately take it out and soak it in a high molecular weight low surface energy composition;

[0096] and heating the composition to slightly boiling (about 90-100° C.) for 0.5 h;

[0097] Take out the tungsten steel cutter and let it dry;

[0098] Complete the coating of the base film liquid.

[0099] 4. Micro-penetration process of basement membrane liquid;

[0100] Place the tungsten steel tool in a vacuum oven and maintain the vacuum (-0.098MPa) for 0.5h;

[0101] Micro-penetration treatment completed.

[0102] 5. Curing process of base film liquid;

[0103] Then the vacuum oven was heated to 120°C and treated under vacuum (-0.098 MPa) for 1.5 h;

[0104] Cool down to room temperature (10-30℃);

[0105] Take out the tungsten steel tool and the process is complete.

[0106] Embodiment 3

[0107] 1. Degreasing, degreasing and rust removal process on the tool surface;

[0108] Wash and soak the tungsten steel tool in a cleaning solution other than water for 10 minutes;

[0109] Soak in about 2% dilute hydrochloric acid for 2 minutes;

[0110] Rinse and soak for 2-3 minutes in distilled water bubbled with nitrogen for 2-3 hours;

[0111] The tool degreasing and rust removal is completed.

[0112] 2. Drying and dehydration process of tool surface;

[0113] Immediately place the tungsten steel tool in a vacuum oven, maintain vacuum (-0.098MPa), heat (100℃) and dry for 2h;

[0114] Cool down to about 40℃ in a vacuum drying oven;

[0115] Intergranular dehydration is completed.

[0116] 3. Base film liquid coating process;

[0117] Then, the mixture is immediately taken out and immersed in a high molecular weight low surface energy composition, and the composition is heated to a slight boil (90-100° C.) and treated with ultrasonic vibration (frequency of 1000 KHz) for 0.5 h;

[0118] Take out the tungsten steel cutter and let it dry;

[0119] Complete the coating of the base film liquid.

[0120] 4. Micro-penetration process of basement membrane liquid;

[0121] Place the tungsten steel tool in a vacuum oven and maintain the vacuum (-0.098MPa) for 0.5h;

[0122] Micro-penetration treatment completed.

[0123] 5. Curing process of base film liquid;

[0124] Then the vacuum oven was heated to 120°C and treated under vacuum (-0.098 MPa) for 1.5 h;

[0125] Cool down to room temperature (10-30℃);

[0126] Take out the tungsten steel tool and the process is complete.

[0127] Embodiment 4

[0128] 1. Degreasing, degreasing and rust removal process on the tool surface;

[0129] Wash and soak the tungsten steel tool in a cleaning solution other than water for 10 minutes;

[0130] Soak in about 2% dilute hydrochloric acid for 2 minutes;

[0131] Rinse and soak for 2-3 minutes in distilled water bubbled with nitrogen for 2-3 hours;

[0132] The tool degreasing and rust removal is completed.

[0133] 2. Drying and dehydration process of tool surface;

[0134] Immediately place the tungsten steel tool in a vacuum oven, maintain vacuum (-0.098MPa), heat (100℃) and dry for 2h;

[0135] Cool down to about 40℃ in a vacuum drying oven;

[0136] Intergranular dehydration is completed.

[0137] 3. Base film liquid coating process;

[0138] Then take it out immediately and soak it in a high molecular weight low surface energy composition;

[0139] and heating the composition to slightly boiling (about 90-100° C.) for 0.5 h;

[0140] Take out the tungsten steel cutter and let it dry;

[0141] Complete the coating of the base film liquid.

[0142] 4. Micro-penetration process of basement membrane liquid;

[0143] Grind the surface of the tungsten steel tool with a wool felt grinding head or sponge, and grind it multiple times in one direction;

[0144] Complete micro-penetration.

[0145] 5. Curing process of base film liquid;

[0146] Then the vacuum oven was heated to 120°C and treated under vacuum (-0.098 MPa) for 1.5 h;

[0147] Cool down to room temperature (10-30℃);

[0148] Take out the tungsten steel tool and the process is complete.

[0149] Example 5-15

[0150]

[0151]

[0152] Effect comparison of embodiments 1-11:

[0153]

[0154] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for coating a fluorine-containing base film on a tool surface, characterized in that: The steps include: a. Degreasing, degreasing and rust removal process on the tool surface; b. Drying and dehydration process of tool surface; c. Base film liquid coating process; d. Micro-penetration process of basement membrane liquid; e. Base film liquid curing process.

2. A method for coating a fluorine-containing base film on a tool surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of degreasing, derusting and rust removal on the tool surface are as follows: Wash and soak the tool in a cleaning solution other than water for 10 minutes; Soak in 2% dilute hydrochloric acid for 2 minutes; Rinse and soak for 2-3 minutes in distilled water bubbled with nitrogen for 2-3 hours; The tool surface is degreased and rust-free.

3. The method for coating a fluorine-containing base film on a tool surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of drying and dehydrating the tool surface are as follows: Place the cutter in a vacuum oven; Heat to 100°C in a vacuum environment and continue drying for 2 hours; Cool down to 40℃ in a vacuum drying oven; Intergranular dehydration is completed.

4. The method for coating a fluorine-containing base film on a tool surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coating process steps of the base film liquid are as follows: placing the cutting tool in the high molecular weight low surface energy composition and soaking it; heating the composition to 90-100°C for 0.5h; Remove the knife and let it dry; Complete the coating of the base film liquid.

5. The method for coating a fluorine-containing base film on a tool surface according to claim 4, characterized in that: The high molecular weight low surface energy composition comprises the following components: 0.1 to 10% of a fluorine-containing organic high molecular weight surfactant, 0 to 10% of a functional additive, and 80 to 99.9% of an environmentally friendly fluorine-containing solvent.

6. The method for coating a fluorine-containing base film on a tool surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro-permeation process steps of the basement membrane liquid are as follows: Place the cutter into a vacuum oven; Let stand in vacuum for 0.5h; Micro-penetration treatment completed.

7. The method for coating a fluorine-containing base film on a tool surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curing process steps of the base film liquid are as follows: Heat the vacuum oven to 120°C; Let stand in vacuum for 1.5h; Cool down to 10-30℃; The tool removal process is complete.

8. A method for coating a fluorine-containing base film on a tool surface according to any one of claims 3, 6 or 7, characterized in that: The vacuum environment in the vacuum oven is at least -0.098Mpa.

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