Biological organic fertilizer prepared from fermented agricultural wastes and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of production of biological organic fertilizers, and particularly relates to a biological organic fertilizer prepared from fermented agricultural wastes and a preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer. The biological organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 65 to 85 parts of pretreated agricultural waste, 5 to 15 parts of silkworm manure, 5 to 10 parts of olive pomace, 5 to 10 parts of herb residue biochar and 0.2 to 0.5 part of fermentation inoculant, the biological organic fertilizer has the advantages that the yield of the purple cabbages and the content of vitamin C and anthocyanin are obviously increased, and the phenomena of hollow heart diseases, leaf head cracking and soil hardening of the purple cabbages are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of bio-organic fertilizer production, and in particular relates to a bio-organic fertilizer prepared by fermenting agricultural waste and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Agricultural waste is a general term for waste discharged from agricultural production, agricultural product processing, livestock and poultry farming, and rural residents' daily life. If agricultural waste is not handled properly, it will not only occupy precious land resources, but also cause environmental pollution. Therefore, how to effectively handle these wastes is a problem that needs to be solved.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of biotechnology, people have begun to try to convert agricultural waste into valuable resources-biological organic fertilizers through microbial fermentation. This method can not only reduce environmental pollution, but also convert waste into a form rich in nutrients and easily absorbed and utilized by plants, thereby achieving the purpose of recycling. For example, the Chinese patent publication number CN109336720A discloses a biological organic fertilizer prepared by fermenting agricultural waste fungus residues and straw, and the biological organic fertilizer prepared by fermenting agricultural waste fungus residues and straw is composed of 40-60g of crop straw, 25-40g of livestock and poultry manure, 5g-10g of wood chips, 1-2g of bacterial powder, 20-30g of urea, 10-20g of fungus residues, 6-12g of humic acid, 5-10g of enzyme bacteria, 3-5g of magnesium sulfate, 2-4g of cobalt sulfate and 4g-6g of potassium chloride. This technical solution has comprehensive and balanced nutrition, improves soil activity, improves soil physical and chemical properties, protects farmland ecological environment, increases the utilization rate of straw, and solves the problems of environmental pollution and resource waste in agricultural production. However, although this technical solution uses agricultural waste as the main raw material, in order to achieve the best effect, urea is also used, which is not completely environmentally friendly.

[0004] The Chinese patent with publication number CN116947555A discloses an agricultural waste organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the agricultural waste organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of agricultural waste, 15-20 parts of humic acid, 8-10 parts of microbial fermentation agent, 12-16 parts of seaweed extract and 6-8 parts of borax. The specific method is: the agricultural waste is crushed and then subjected to heating and dehydration treatment, humic acid is added and mixed evenly to obtain a mixture, and then the mixture is put into a fermentation tank together with the microbial fermentation agent, seaweed extract and borax for fermentation, and finally the fermentation product is dried and crushed to obtain the agricultural waste organic fertilizer. This technical solution prepares agricultural waste into organic fertilizer, realizes the resource utilization of agricultural waste, and the nutrients and fertilizer efficiency of the prepared organic fertilizer are also significantly improved. The preparation method is green and environmentally friendly and can be widely used in the preparation process of organic fertilizer. However, this technical solution does not specify the types of agricultural waste, and the quality of straw and livestock and poultry manure varies greatly, and the quality of the obtained product may not be guaranteed.

[0005] In addition to the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, although the existing bio-organic fertilizers prepared by fermenting agricultural waste have wide applications in improving soil fertility, improving soil structure and promoting plant growth, many bio-organic fertilizers adopt universal formulas and may not meet the nutritional needs of specific crops or under specific soil conditions.

[0006] Purple cabbage is a vegetable with high nutritional value and multiple health benefits. In recent years, consumers have an increasing demand for purple cabbage. Purple cabbage is an imported vegetable. Due to its inadequate planting technology and the extensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, soil fertility has decreased. When it rains, the soil is easy to compact and nutrients are easily lost, resulting in a decrease in soil fertility, affecting the yield and quality of crops. However, there are no existing reports on the use of bio-organic fertilizers prepared from fermented agricultural waste to improve the product and quality of purple cabbage. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention aims at solving the above problems and provides a bio-organic fertilizer prepared by fermenting agricultural waste and a preparation method thereof. The bio-organic fertilizer of the present invention can significantly improve the yield, vitamin C and anthocyanin content of purple cabbage, and avoid hollowing disease, leaf head cracking and soil compaction of purple cabbage.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] The first aspect of the present invention provides a bio-organic fertilizer prepared by fermenting agricultural waste, wherein the raw materials include, by weight: 65-85 parts of pretreated agricultural waste, 5-15 parts of silkworm feces, 5-10 parts of olive pomace, 5-10 parts of medicinal residue biochar, and 0.2-0.5 parts of fermentation agent;

[0010] The agricultural waste raw materials include lettuce waste leaf debris, cabbage waste leaf debris, tomato stem powder and cucumber stem powder; the mass ratio of the lettuce waste leaf debris, cabbage waste leaf debris, tomato stem powder and cucumber stem powder is (15-35): (15-35): (10-30): (10-30);

[0011] The method for treating the pretreated agricultural waste is as follows: mixing the agricultural waste with the ionic liquid uniformly, stirring at 40-60° C. for 1-2 hours, filtering and collecting the material, washing the material with water, and drying the material;

[0012] The ionic liquid is a mixture of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole trifluoromethanesulfonate, and the mass ratio of the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride and the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole trifluoromethanesulfonate is (0.2-0.5):1;

[0013] The mass ratio of the agricultural waste to the ionic liquid is 100:(1-2), preferably 1:1.5.

[0014] In some preferred embodiments, the raw materials of the biological organic fertilizer include, by weight: 70-80 parts of pretreated agricultural waste, 8-12 parts of silkworm manure, 6-8 parts of olive pomace, 6-8 parts of medicinal residue biochar, and 0.3-0.5 parts of fermentation agent.

[0015] Further preferably, the raw materials of the biological organic fertilizer include, by weight: 75 parts of pretreated agricultural waste, 10 parts of silkworm manure, 7 parts of olive pomace, 7 parts of medicinal residue biochar, and 0.4 parts of fermentation agent.

[0016] In some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of the waste lettuce leaf fragments, the waste cabbage leaf fragments, the tomato stem powder and the cucumber stem powder is (20-30): (20-30): (15-25): (15-25), preferably 25:25:20:20.

[0017] In some preferred embodiments, the fermentation bacteria include fermentation bacteria A, fermentation bacteria B and fermentation bacteria C, and the mass ratio of fermentation bacteria A, fermentation bacteria B and fermentation bacteria C is (1-3): (0.5-1.5): (0.5-1.5), preferably 2:1:1.

[0018] Preferably, the fermentation agent A comprises Coriolus versicolor, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis; the mass ratio of Coriolus versicolor, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis is (4-6):(1-3):(1-3), preferably 5:2:2.

[0019] Preferably, the fermentation agent B comprises Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis; the mass ratio of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens to Bacillus subtilis is (3-6):(5-9).

[0020] The fermentation agent C is Bacillus natto.

[0021] In some preferred embodiments, the raw material of the medicinal residue biochar is the medicinal residue of Shiquan Dabu Decoction, and the formula of Shiquan Dabu Decoction is 10 grams of angelica, 5 grams of Chuanxiong, 10 grams of white peony root, 10 grams of Rehmannia root, 10 grams of ginseng, 10 grams of Atractylodes macrocephala, 10 grams of Poria, 5 grams of roasted licorice, 10 grams of Astragalus, and 3 grams of cinnamon.

[0022] In some preferred embodiments, the method for preparing the medicinal residue biochar comprises the following steps: crushing and sieving the medicinal residue of Shiquan Dabu Decoction to obtain medicinal residue powder, and heating the medicinal residue powder to 800-1000°C at a rate of 4-6°C / min under a nitrogen atmosphere for pyrolysis.

[0023] Preferably, the pyrolysis time is 2-4 hours.

[0024] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned biological organic fertilizer prepared by fermenting agricultural waste, comprising the following steps:

[0025] S1, mixing the pretreated agricultural waste, olive pomace and water, adding fermentation agent A for fermentation, and drying to obtain fermentation product A;

[0026] S2, mixing silkworm manure, medicinal residue biochar and water evenly, adding fermentation agent B and fermentation agent C for fermentation, and drying to obtain fermentation product B;

[0027] S3, mixing the fermentation product A and the fermentation product B.

[0028] In some preferred embodiments, the amount of water added in S1 is 40-60% of the total mass of the pretreated agricultural waste and olive pomace, preferably 50%.

[0029] In some preferred embodiments, the fermentation conditions in S1 are: fermentation temperature is 28-32° C., and fermentation time is 8-12 days.

[0030] Preferably, the fermentation conditions in S1 are: fermentation temperature is 30° C., and fermentation time is 10 days.

[0031] In some preferred embodiments, the amount of water added to S2 is 40-60% of the total mass of the silkworm manure and medicinal residue biochar, preferably 50%.

[0032] In some preferred embodiments, the fermentation conditions in S2 are as follows: the fermentation temperature is 28-32° C., and the fermentation time is 10-14 days.

[0033] Preferably, the fermentation conditions in S2 are: the fermentation temperature is 30° C., and the fermentation time is 12 days.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. When the agricultural waste is pretreated with ionic liquids, especially when the ionic liquid is a mixture of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole trifluoromethanesulfonate, not only the yield of purple cabbage is increased, but also the quality of purple cabbage is improved, and the vitamin C and anthocyanin contents in the purple cabbage are increased. It is speculated that this is because the complex organic matter in the agricultural waste pretreated with ionic liquids can be converted into a smaller form that is more easily absorbed by green cabbage during the fermentation process; at the same time, the chloride ions in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride can combine with certain minerals in the soil to form a form that is easy for plants to absorb, and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole trifluoromethanesulfonate has strong acidity and can help decompose some poorly soluble minerals; further, the inventors found that the temperature and time of the pretreatment need to be strictly controlled during the pretreatment process, otherwise the yield and quality of the purple cabbage will be reduced.

[0036] 2. The inventors unexpectedly discovered that adding silkworm manure and olive pomace during the fermentation process, together with discarded lettuce leaf debris, discarded cabbage leaf debris, tomato stem powder and cucumber stem powder, not only increased the yield of purple cabbage, but also improved the heartburn resistance of purple cabbage. It is speculated that this is because the organic materials fermented with these materials can slowly release nutrients in the soil, providing a long-lasting nutrient supply for the purple cabbage. At the same time, the bio-organic fertilizer obtained by fermentation after adding silkworm manure and olive pomace makes up for the organic matter and minerals lacking in agricultural waste, and the fermentation product can reduce the soil pH value, increase the solubility of mineral ions, and promote the absorption of minerals and other nutrients by purple cabbage, thereby increasing the yield and heartburn resistance of purple cabbage. Further, the inventors discovered that the mass ratio of pretreated agricultural waste, silkworm manure and olive pomace needs to be controlled to be (65-85): (5-15): (5-10), otherwise the yield of purple cabbage and the heartburn resistance of purple cabbage will be reduced.

[0037] 3. The inventors unexpectedly discovered that when biochar from the residues of Shiquan Dabu Soup was added during the fermentation process, not only the occurrence of heartburn could be inhibited, but also the compaction of the soil could be avoided. It is speculated that on the one hand, this is because the residues of Shiquan Dabu Soup contain a certain amount of calcium and other minerals, which are more easily absorbed by plants after high-temperature carbonization treatment; at the same time, biochar from the residues usually has a higher pH value, which can neutralize acidic soil, thereby increasing the solubility and availability of calcium ions, and thus avoiding heartburn of purple cabbage; on the other hand, biochar from the residues has a porous structure, which can increase the porosity of the soil, improve the aeration and water retention capacity of the soil, help the roots of purple cabbage grow better, and reduce soil compaction.

[0038] 4. The present invention adopts specific fermentation bacteria A, fermentation bacteria B and fermentation bacteria C for compound use, which can not only avoid soil compaction, but also improve the anti-cracking ability of the purple cabbage head. It is speculated that this is because the enzymes and metabolites produced by the microorganisms in the preferred fermentation bacteria are conducive to the aggregation of soil particles, forming stable aggregates, thereby increasing the porosity of the soil and avoiding soil compaction; at the same time, the porosity of the soil is increased, and the nutrient supply in the soil is more uniform and continuous, which helps the purple cabbage head to develop uniformly and avoid cracking. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0040] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing special embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0041] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0042] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0043] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0044] In the following examples and comparative examples, unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used were commercially available or prepared by conventional methods in the art.

[0045] The following are exemplary sources of raw materials:

[0046] The discarded lettuce leaf debris comes from the leaves and stems discarded when picking lettuce in the lettuce greenhouse, which are cut;

[0047] The discarded cabbage leaf debris comes from the leaves discarded when picking cabbages in the cabbage greenhouse, which are cut and obtained;

[0048] Tomato stem powder is obtained by crushing the tomato stems discarded after the tomatoes are picked in the tomato greenhouse.

[0049] Cucumber straw powder comes from cucumber stem powder, which is obtained by crushing the cucumber stems discarded in the cucumber greenhouse after the cucumbers are picked;

[0050] Silkworm manure comes from silkworm breeding bases;

[0051] Chicken manure comes from chicken farms;

[0052] Olive pomace comes from olive fruit processing plants;

[0053] The residue of Shiquan Dabu Tang comes from the Chinese medicine store;

[0054] 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride was purchased from Xi'an Qiyue Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0055] 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate was purchased from Hubei Weishi Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.;

[0056] 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone hydrogen sulfate was purchased from Xi'an Qiyue Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0057] Coriolus versicolor was purchased from Wuhan Huizao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., item number: HZB127634;

[0058] Bacillus subtilis was purchased from Wuhan Huizao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., catalog number: HZB119293;

[0059] Bacillus licheniformis was purchased from Wuhan Huizao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., catalog number: HZB119295;

[0060] Bacillus amyloliquefaciens was purchased from Wuhan Huizao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., catalog number: HZB115933;

[0061] Bacillus natto was purchased from Wuhan Huizao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., catalog number: HZB119347;

[0062] Example 1

[0063] A biological organic fertilizer prepared by fermenting agricultural waste, wherein the raw materials include, by weight: 65 parts of pretreated agricultural waste, 5 parts of silkworm feces, 5 parts of olive pomace, 5 parts of medicinal residue biochar, and 0.2 parts of fermentation agent;

[0064] The agricultural waste includes lettuce waste leaf debris, cabbage waste leaf debris, tomato stem powder and cucumber stem powder; the mass ratio of the lettuce waste leaf debris, cabbage waste leaf debris, tomato stem powder and cucumber stem powder is 15:15:10:10;

[0065] The method for treating the pretreated agricultural waste is as follows: mixing the agricultural waste and the ionic liquid uniformly, stirring at 40° C. for 1 hour, filtering and collecting the material, washing the material with water, and drying the material;

[0066] The ionic liquid is a mixture of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole trifluoromethanesulfonate, and the mass ratio of the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride to the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole trifluoromethanesulfonate is 0.2:1;

[0067] The mass ratio of the agricultural waste to the ionic liquid is 100:1.

[0068] The fermentation bacteria include fermentation bacteria A, fermentation bacteria B and fermentation bacteria C, and the mass ratio of the fermentation bacteria A, fermentation bacteria B and fermentation bacteria C is 2:1:1.

[0069] The fermentation bacterial agent A comprises Coriolus versicolor, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis; the mass ratio of Coriolus versicolor, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis is 5:2:2.

[0070] The fermentation agent B includes Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis; the mass ratio of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens to Bacillus subtilis is 5:8.

[0071] The fermentation agent C is Bacillus natto.

[0072] The raw material of the medicinal residue biochar is the medicinal residue of Shiquan Dabu Decoction, and the formula of the Shiquan Dabu Decoction is 10 grams of angelica, 5 grams of Chuanxiong, 10 grams of white peony root, 10 grams of Rehmannia root, 10 grams of ginseng, 10 grams of Atractylodes macrocephala, 10 grams of Poria, 5 grams of roasted licorice, 10 grams of Astragalus, and 3 grams of cinnamon.

[0073] The preparation method of the medicinal residue biochar comprises the following steps: crushing and sieving the medicinal residue of Shiquan Dabu Decoction to obtain medicinal residue powder, and heating the medicinal residue powder to 900° C. at a speed of 5° C. / min under a nitrogen atmosphere for pyrolysis for 3 hours to obtain the obtained medicinal residue powder.

[0074] The method for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer prepared by fermenting agricultural waste comprises the following steps:

[0075] S1, mixing the pretreated agricultural waste, olive pomace and water, adding fermentation agent A for fermentation, and drying to obtain fermentation product A;

[0076] S2, mixing silkworm manure, medicinal residue biochar and water evenly, adding fermentation agent B and fermentation agent C for fermentation, and drying to obtain fermentation product B;

[0077] S3, mixing the fermentation product A and the fermentation product B.

[0078] The amount of water added in S1 is 50% of the total mass of the pretreated agricultural waste and olive pomace.

[0079] The fermentation conditions in S1 are: fermentation temperature is 30° C., and fermentation time is 10 days.

[0080] The amount of water added to the S2 is 50% of the total mass of the silkworm manure and medicinal residue biochar.

[0081] The fermentation conditions in S2 are: the fermentation temperature is 30° C., and the fermentation time is 12 days.

[0082] Example 2

[0083] The difference from Example 1 is that the raw materials of the biological organic fertilizer prepared by fermenting agricultural waste include, by weight: 85 parts of pretreated agricultural waste, 15 parts of silkworm feces, 10 parts of olive pomace, 10 parts of medicinal residue biochar, and 0.5 parts of fermentation agent;

[0084] The agricultural waste includes lettuce waste leaf debris, cabbage waste leaf debris, tomato stem powder and cucumber stem powder; the mass ratio of the lettuce waste leaf debris, cabbage waste leaf debris, tomato stem powder and cucumber stem powder is 35:35:30:30;

[0085] The method for treating the pretreated agricultural waste is as follows: mixing the agricultural waste and the ionic liquid uniformly, stirring at 60° C. for 2 hours, filtering and collecting the material, washing the material with water, and drying the material;

[0086] The ionic liquid is a mixture of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole trifluoromethanesulfonate, and the mass ratio of the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride and the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole trifluoromethanesulfonate is 0.5:1;

[0087] The mass ratio of the agricultural waste to the ionic liquid is 100:2; the rest are the same.

[0088] Example 3

[0089] The difference from Example 1 is that the biological organic fertilizer prepared by fermenting agricultural waste includes, by weight, 75 parts of pretreated agricultural waste, 10 parts of silkworm feces, 7 parts of olive pomace, 7 parts of medicinal residue biochar, and 0.4 parts of fermentation agent;

[0090] The agricultural waste includes lettuce waste leaf debris, cabbage waste leaf debris, tomato stem powder and cucumber stem powder; the mass ratio of the lettuce waste leaf debris, cabbage waste leaf debris, tomato stem powder and cucumber stem powder is 25:25:20:20;

[0091] The method for treating the pretreated agricultural waste is as follows: mixing the agricultural waste and the ionic liquid uniformly, stirring at 50° C. for 1.5 hours, filtering and collecting the material, washing the material with water, and drying the material;

[0092] The ionic liquid is a mixture of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole trifluoromethanesulfonate, and the mass ratio of the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride to the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole trifluoromethanesulfonate is 0.3:1;

[0093] The mass ratio of the agricultural waste to the ionic liquid is 100:1.5; the rest are the same.

[0094] Comparative Example 1

[0095] The difference from Example 3 is that the biological organic fertilizer prepared by fermenting agricultural waste includes, by weight, 75 parts of agricultural waste, 10 parts of silkworm feces, 7 parts of olive pomace, 7 parts of medicinal residue biochar, 0.4 parts of fermentation agent, and 1.125 parts of ionic liquid; the rest are the same.

[0096] Comparative Example 2

[0097] The difference from Example 3 is that 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride is replaced by 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone hydrogen sulfate of the same mass, and the rest are the same.

[0098] Comparative Example 3

[0099] The difference from Example 3 is that the method for treating the pretreated agricultural waste is: mixing the agricultural waste and the ionic liquid evenly, stirring at 80° C. for 3 hours, filtering and collecting the material, washing the material with water, and drying; the rest are the same.

[0100] Comparative Example 4

[0101] The difference from Example 3 is that the silkworm manure is replaced with chicken manure of the same mass; the rest are the same.

[0102] Comparative Example 5

[0103] The difference from Example 3 is that the olive pomace is replaced with silkworm feces of the same mass; the rest are the same.

[0104] Comparative Example 6

[0105] The difference from Example 3 is that the biological organic fertilizer prepared by fermenting agricultural waste includes, by weight, 55 parts of pretreated agricultural waste, 23 parts of silkworm manure, 15 parts of olive pomace, 5 parts of medicinal residue biochar, and 0.4 parts of fermentation agent; the rest are the same.

[0106] Comparative Example 7

[0107] The difference from Example 3 is that the medicinal residue biochar is replaced with medicinal residue of equal mass, and the medicinal residue is the medicinal residue of Shiquan Dabu Decoction, and the formula of Shiquan Dabu Decoction is 10 grams of Angelica sinensis, 5 grams of Chuanxiong, 10 grams of White Peony Root, 10 grams of Rehmannia Glutinosa, 10 grams of Ginseng, 10 grams of Atractylodes macrocephala, 10 grams of Poria, 5 grams of Roasted Licorice, 10 grams of Astragalus, and 3 grams of Cinnamon; the rest are the same.

[0108] Comparative Example 8

[0109] The difference from Example 3 is that the fermentation agent B is replaced by the fermentation agent A of the same mass; the rest are the same.

[0110] Comparative Example 9

[0111] The difference from Example 3 is that Bacillus natto is replaced by Bacillus licheniformis of the same mass; the rest is the same.

[0112] Test example

[0113] The test site was divided into 13 groups, namely, Example 1-3 group, Comparative Example 1-9 group and control group. The biological organic fertilizers of Example 1-3 and Comparative Example 1-9 were applied to Example 1-3 group and Comparative Example 1-9 group, respectively. The biological organic fertilizer (organic matter content ≥ 40%, effective viable bacteria count ≥ 20 million / g) of Gansu Green Energy Rich Biotechnology Co., Ltd. was applied to the control group. The fertilizer application rate of each group was 500 kg / mu -1 In September, purple cabbage seedlings of the variety "Promiyou" with uniform growth were planted in each group, with 100 plants planted in each group, covered with film, kept fully irrigated, and top-dressed (300g urea and 140g potassium dihydrogen phosphate) twice, each with an interval of 1 month, during which the hollow heart disease of the plants and the soil conditions were observed;

[0114] The hollowing disease situation was evaluated by the incidence rate, which was (the number of infected plants / the total number of plants) × 100%;

[0115] Soil conditions are evaluated by visually observing whether the soil is compacted;

[0116] At the end of December, purple cabbage was harvested, and the yield and head-breaking rate of each group of purple cabbage were recorded. Head-breaking rate==(number of head-breaking plants / total number of plants)×100%;

[0117] In each group, 10 plants with basically the same growth were selected, and the outer leaves were removed for vitamin C and anthocyanin quality analysis.

[0118] Among them: Vitamin C was determined by 2,6-dichlorophenol indigo colorimetry, and anthocyanin was determined by 1% hydrochloric acid extraction colorimetry.

[0119] Table 1 Test results of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-9 and Control Group

[0120]

[0121]

[0122] As can be seen from Table 1, the yield, vitamin C content and anthocyanin content of the purple cabbage obtained by using the biological organic fertilizer of Examples 1-3 are significantly different from those of the control group, the incidence rate is 0%, the bulb rupture rate is 0%, and the soil is not compacted;

[0123] Comparative Example 1: Since the ionic liquid is directly mixed with agricultural waste for fermentation, the yield, vitamin C content and anthocyanin content of the obtained purple cabbage are not significantly different from those of the control group; the incidence rate is 7%, the bulb rupture rate is 3%, and the soil is not compacted;

[0124] Comparative Example 2: In contrast, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride was replaced with 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone hydrogen sulfate of equal mass; the yield, vitamin C content and anthocyanin content of the purple cabbage obtained were not significantly different from those of the control group; the incidence rate was 3%, the bulb rupture rate was 5%, and the soil was not compacted;

[0125] Comparative Example 3: Since the temperature of the ionic liquid pretreatment of agricultural waste is 80°C and the time is 3h, the yield, vitamin C content and anthocyanin content of the purple cabbage obtained are not significantly different from those of the control group; the incidence rate is 4%, the bulb rupture rate is 3%, and the soil is not compacted;

[0126] Comparative Example 4: In contrast to the control group, the silkworm manure was replaced with chicken manure of the same mass; the yield, vitamin C content and anthocyanin content of the purple cabbage were not significantly different; the incidence rate was 15%, the bulb rupture rate was 8%, and the soil was not compacted;

[0127] In comparative example 5, the olive pomace was replaced with silkworm feces of the same mass; the yield, vitamin C content and anthocyanin content of the purple cabbage obtained were not significantly different from those of the control group; the incidence rate was 12%, the bulb rupture rate was 5%, and the soil was not compacted;

[0128] Comparative Example 6 Since the mass fraction of the raw materials of the biological organic fertilizer is not within the scope of the protection of right 1; the yield, vitamin C content and anthocyanin content of the purple cabbage obtained compared with the control group were not significantly different; the incidence rate was 18%, the bulb rupture rate was 10%, and the soil was compacted;

[0129] In comparative example 7, the drug residue biochar was replaced with drug residue of equal mass; compared with the control group, the yield, vitamin C content and anthocyanin content of the purple cabbage were not significantly different; the incidence rate was 13%, the bulb rupture rate was 2%, and the soil was not compacted;

[0130] Comparative Example 8: Since the fermentation agent B was replaced with the fermentation agent A of the same quality, the yield, vitamin C content and anthocyanin content of the purple cabbage obtained were not significantly different from those of the control group; the incidence rate was 7%, the bulb rupture rate was 15%, and the soil was compacted;

[0131] In Comparative Example 9, Bacillus natto was replaced by Bacillus licheniformis of equal quality; the yield, vitamin C content and anthocyanin content of the purple cabbage obtained were not significantly different from those of the control group; the incidence rate was 5%, the bulb rupture rate was 12%, and the soil was compacted.

[0132] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bio-organic fertilizer prepared by fermenting agricultural waste, characterized in that: The raw materials include, by weight: 65-85 parts of pretreated agricultural waste, 5-15 parts of silkworm manure, 5-10 parts of olive pomace, 5-10 parts of medicinal residue biochar, and 0.2-0.5 parts of fermentation agent; The agricultural waste raw materials include lettuce waste leaf debris, cabbage waste leaf debris, tomato stem powder and cucumber stem powder; the mass ratio of the lettuce waste leaf debris, cabbage waste leaf debris, tomato stem powder and cucumber stem powder is (15-35): (15-35): (10-30): (10-30); The method for treating the pretreated agricultural waste is as follows: mixing the agricultural waste with the ionic liquid uniformly, stirring at 40-60° C. for 1-2 hours, filtering and collecting the material, washing the material with water, and drying the material; The ionic liquid is a mixture of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole trifluoromethanesulfonate, and the mass ratio of the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride and the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole trifluoromethanesulfonate is (0.2-0.5):1; The mass ratio of the agricultural waste to the ionic liquid is 100:(1-2).

2. The bio-organic fertilizer prepared by fermenting agricultural waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological organic fertilizer comprises, by weight, 70-80 parts of pretreated agricultural waste, 8-12 parts of silkworm manure, 6-8 parts of olive pomace, 6-8 parts of medicinal residue biochar, and 0.3-0.5 parts of fermentation agent.

3. The bio-organic fertilizer prepared by fermenting agricultural waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological organic fertilizer comprises, by weight, 75 parts of pretreated agricultural waste, 10 parts of silkworm manure, 7 parts of olive pomace, 7 parts of medicinal residue biochar, and 0.4 parts of fermentation agent.

4. The bio-organic fertilizer prepared by fermenting agricultural waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation bacteria agent includes fermentation bacteria agent A, fermentation bacteria agent B and fermentation bacteria agent C, and the mass ratio of the fermentation bacteria agent A, fermentation bacteria agent B and fermentation bacteria agent C is (1-3): (0.5-1.5): (0.5-1.5); the fermentation bacteria agent A includes Coriolus versicolor, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis; the mass ratio of Coriolus versicolor, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis is (4-6): (1-3): (1-3); the fermentation bacteria agent B includes Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis; the mass ratio of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis is (3-6): (5-9); the fermentation bacteria agent C is Bacillus natto.

5. The bio-organic fertilizer prepared by fermenting agricultural waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material of the medicinal residue biochar is the medicinal residue of Shiquan Dabu Decoction, and the formula of the Shiquan Dabu Decoction is 10 grams of angelica, 5 grams of Chuanxiong, 10 grams of white peony root, 10 grams of Rehmannia root, 10 grams of ginseng, 10 grams of Atractylodes macrocephala, 10 grams of Poria, 5 grams of roasted licorice, 10 grams of Astragalus, and 3 grams of cinnamon.

6. The bio-organic fertilizer prepared by fermenting agricultural waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the medicinal residue biochar comprises the following steps: crushing and sieving the medicinal residue of Shiquan Dabu Decoction to obtain medicinal residue powder, and heating the medicinal residue powder to 800-1000° C. at a speed of 4-6° C. / min under a nitrogen atmosphere for pyrolysis.

7. The bio-organic fertilizer prepared by fermenting agricultural waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis time is 2-4h.

8. The method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer using fermented agricultural waste according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, mixing the pretreated agricultural waste, olive pomace and water, adding fermentation agent A for fermentation, and drying to obtain fermentation product A; S2, mixing silkworm manure, medicinal residue biochar and water evenly, adding fermentation agent B and fermentation agent C for fermentation, and drying to obtain fermentation product B; S3, mixing the fermentation product A and the fermentation product B.

9. The method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer using fermented agricultural waste according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fermentation conditions in S1 are: fermentation temperature is 28-32° C., and fermentation time is 8-12 days.

10. The method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer using fermented agricultural waste according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fermentation conditions in S2 are as follows: the fermentation temperature is 28-32° C., and the fermentation time is 10-14 days.

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