Biomass waste hydrogen production device system and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a biomass waste hydrogen production device system and an operation method thereof. The biomass waste hydrogen production device system comprises a biomass waste coarse crushing device, a steam explosion pretreatment device, a hydrolysis reaction device, a hydrolysis slurry storage device, a UASB dark fermentation device, a mixed gas storage device and a mixed gas separation device which are connected in sequence; the UASB dark fermentation device is sequentially connected with the organic acid storage device and the MBR light fermentation device; and the MBR light fermentation device is connected with the mixed gas storage device. The UASB dark fermentation device and the MBR light fermentation device are cooperated, different microorganisms are fully utilized to convert organic matters in biomass wastes into hydrogen and carbon dioxide, efficient biological hydrogen production is realized, and the device is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biomass treatment, and in particular to a biomass waste hydrogen production device system and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Biomass has the dual properties of renewable energy and waste pollutants. Making full use of the energy properties of biomass and turning waste into treasure is the focus of current research. Biohydrogen production is an important breakthrough direction for biomass hydrogen production. Biohydrogen production has low reaction costs and can be carried out at room temperature and pressure, does not consume fossil energy, and can utilize biomass pollutants, which is renewable and environmentally friendly.

[0003] CN104226671A discloses a green treatment system for biological waste, including: a separation tank for separating waste into solid waste and liquid waste; a fermentation tank for performing anaerobic fermentation on the solid waste to obtain biogas; a first gas treatment device for introducing the obtained biogas to purify the biogas; a power generation system for introducing the purified biogas for combustion and power generation; and an algae cultivation device connected to the first gas treatment device.

[0004] CN103421678A discloses a system and production method for producing mixed hydrant by biomass fermentation. The system includes at least one hydrogen production reactor, at least one methane production reactor, and mixed hydrant gas product collecting equipment. The hydrogen production reactor and the methane production reactor are connected by a material conveying pipeline, and the produced hydrogen and methane are conveyed to the mixed hydrant gas product collecting equipment through their respective gas conveying pipelines to form mixed hydrant gas. The hydrogen production reactor and the methane production reactor are provided with a material reflux device, wherein by adjusting the material flow rate in the material conveying pipeline and the material reflux ratio in the material reflux device of the hydrogen production reactor and / or the methane production reactor, the hydrogen and / or methane conversion rate is improved and the material reaction is buffered to adjust the anaerobic treatment effect of the material, thereby obtaining mixed hydrant with a specific hydrogen / methane mixing ratio.

[0005] CN102317687A discloses a method for treating solid waste, comprising the following steps: h) separating biomass from plastic waste; i) burning biomass; j) using the heat generated by burning biomass to generate steam through a heat exchanger; k) converting plastic waste into synthetic gas by using the heat from the combustion chamber; i) introducing the steam and synthetic gas into the flame of a biomass to increase the temperature, thereby completely burning the biomass and generating high-temperature gas combustion products; m) treating the high-temperature gas combustion products with cold steam to avoid the formation of dioxins and furans; n) subjecting the treated gas products to a rotating cyclonic motion, so that fine particles and heavy gases are separated from light gases, so that the light gases are discharged into the atmosphere, while the fine particles and heavy gases are recycled and reprocessed.

[0006] However, the above-mentioned biological waste treatment methods still have problems such as low biological waste treatment and utilization efficiency and high treatment costs. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a biomass waste hydrogen production device system and an operation method thereof, wherein the biomass waste is crushed and hydrolyzed in sequence, and then subjected to UASB dark fermentation treatment, so that the organic matter in the biomass is fully decomposed to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and the organic acid produced by the dark fermentation is subjected to MBR light fermentation treatment to further produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide, thereby achieving the purpose of efficiently utilizing biomass waste to produce hydrogen; the UASB dark fermentation treatment and the MBR light fermentation treatment in the present invention have low costs and a wide range of applications.

[0008] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a biomass waste hydrogen production device system, the biomass waste hydrogen production device system comprises a biomass waste coarse crushing device, a steam explosion pretreatment device, a hydrolysis reaction device, a hydrolysis slurry storage device, a UASB dark fermentation device, a mixed gas storage device and a mixed gas separation device connected in sequence;

[0010] The UASB dark fermentation device is connected with the organic acid storage device and the MBR light fermentation device in sequence; and the MBR light fermentation device is connected with the mixed gas storage device.

[0011] The biomass waste hydrogen production device system of the present invention is provided with a biomass waste coarse crushing device and a steam explosion pretreatment device, which can effectively crush the biomass waste to facilitate the subsequent hydrolysis reaction; according to different microbial species and metabolic mechanisms, the present invention is provided with a UASB dark fermentation device and an MBR light fermentation device, which fully utilizes microorganisms to convert organic matter in biomass waste into hydrogen and carbon dioxide, thereby realizing efficient biological hydrogen production, without consuming fossil energy, and can utilize biomass pollutants, and has the characteristics of being renewable and environmentally friendly.

[0012] The present invention does not specifically limit the biomass waste coarse crushing device, steam explosion pretreatment device, hydrolysis reaction device, hydrolysis slurry storage device, UASB dark fermentation device, mixed gas storage device, mixed gas separation device, organic acid storage device and MBR light fermentation device, and all existing devices that can achieve corresponding functions can be used.

[0013] Preferably, the biomass waste hydrogen production device system also includes a biomass wastewater pretreatment device.

[0014] Preferably, the biomass wastewater pretreatment device comprises a filtering device.

[0015] Preferably, the biomass wastewater pretreatment device is connected to the UASB dark fermentation device, so that the biomass wastewater after filtration can be fermented and treated together, which greatly improves the biomass waste treatment efficiency.

[0016] Preferably, the biomass waste hydrogen production system also includes a hydrogen storage device and a carbon dioxide storage device.

[0017] Preferably, the hydrogen storage device and the carbon dioxide storage device are both connected to the mixed gas separation device.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides an operation method of the biomass waste hydrogen production device system as described in the first aspect, characterized in that the operation method comprises:

[0019] After the biomass waste enters the biomass waste coarse crushing device for crushing treatment, it enters the steam explosion pretreatment device for further crushing, and then enters the hydrolysis reaction device for hydrolysis reaction, and the generated hydrolysis slurry is stored in the hydrolysis slurry storage device; the hydrolysis slurry enters the UASB dark fermentation device for the first fermentation, and the generated hydrogen and carbon dioxide enter the mixed gas storage device, and then enters the mixed gas separation device to separate hydrogen and carbon dioxide;

[0020] The organic acid produced by the first fermentation enters the organic acid storage device, and the organic acid enters the MBR photo-fermentation device for the second fermentation, and the hydrogen and carbon dioxide produced also enter the mixed gas storage device.

[0021] The operation method of the biomass waste hydrogen production device system described in the present invention utilizes different microbial strains in the UASB dark fermentation device and the MBR light fermentation device to ferment and treat biomass waste, with low treatment cost and high biomass decomposition efficiency, thereby realizing efficient biological hydrogen production; the hydrogen production process described in the present invention does not consume fossil energy, has the characteristics of being renewable and environmentally friendly, and is suitable for large-scale promotion and application.

[0022] Preferably, the bacterial species in the UASB dark fermentation device include highly efficient hydrogen-producing heterotrophic anaerobic dark fermentation bacteria.

[0023] Preferably, the bacterial species in the MBR photofermentation device include efficient hydrogen-producing photofermentation bacteria.

[0024] Preferably, the operation method further comprises the biomass wastewater entering a biomass wastewater pretreatment device for pretreatment and then entering a UASB dark fermentation device to participate in a first fermentation.

[0025] Preferably, the pretreatment includes a filtration treatment.

[0026] The present invention does not limit the process parameters of the filtration treatment in detail, and the process parameters commonly used in the art can be used.

[0027] Preferably, the hydrogen and carbon dioxide enter a hydrogen storage device and a carbon dioxide storage device respectively for storage.

[0028] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the operating method includes:

[0029] After the biomass waste enters the biomass waste coarse crushing device for crushing treatment, it enters the steam explosion pretreatment device for further crushing, and then enters the hydrolysis reaction device for hydrolysis reaction, and the generated hydrolysis slurry is stored in the hydrolysis slurry storage device; the hydrolysis slurry enters the UASB dark fermentation device for the first fermentation, and the generated hydrogen and carbon dioxide enter the mixed gas storage device, and then enters the mixed gas separation device for separation to obtain hydrogen and carbon dioxide; the hydrogen and carbon dioxide enter the hydrogen storage device and the carbon dioxide storage device respectively for storage;

[0030] The organic acid produced by the first fermentation enters the organic acid storage device, and the organic acid enters the MBR photo-fermentation device for the second fermentation, and the hydrogen and carbon dioxide produced also enter the mixed gas storage device;

[0031] The biomass wastewater enters the biomass wastewater pretreatment device for pretreatment and then enters the UASB dark fermentation device to participate in the first fermentation; the pretreatment includes filtration treatment;

[0032] The bacterial species in the UASB dark fermentation device include highly efficient hydrogen-producing heterotrophic anaerobic dark fermentation bacteria; the bacterial species in the MBR light fermentation device include highly efficient hydrogen-producing light fermentation bacteria.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0034] The biomass waste hydrogen production device system provided by the present invention realizes the full fermentation of biomass waste to produce hydrogen through the coordinated cooperation of the UASB dark fermentation device and the MBR light fermentation device, utilizing the different physiological metabolism of microorganisms, and completes the resource utilization of biomass waste, with low processing cost and high economic and environmental benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a biomass waste hydrogen production device system in a specific implementation manner of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1-biomass waste coarse crushing device; 2-steam explosion pretreatment device; 3-hydrolysis reaction device; 4-hydrolysis slurry storage device; 5-UASB dark fermentation device; 6-organic acid storage device; 7-MBR light fermentation device; 8-mixed gas storage device; 9-mixed gas separation device; 10-hydrogen storage device; 11-carbon dioxide storage device; 12-biomass wastewater pretreatment device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0038] The present invention is further described in detail below. However, the following examples are only simplified examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the claims.

[0039] It should be understood that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0040] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0041] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention necessarily includes necessary pipelines, conventional valves and general pump equipment for realizing a complete process, but the above content does not belong to the main inventive point of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can add layouts on their own based on the process flow and equipment structure selection, and the present invention does not make special requirements and specific limitations on this.

[0042] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, a biomass waste hydrogen production device system is provided, and its schematic diagram is as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0043] The biomass waste hydrogen production device system comprises a biomass waste coarse crushing device 1, a steam explosion pretreatment device 2, a hydrolysis reaction device 3, a hydrolysis slurry storage device 4, a UASB dark fermentation device 5, a mixed gas storage device 8 and a mixed gas separation device 9 which are connected in sequence;

[0044] The UASB dark fermentation device 5 is connected to the organic acid storage device 6 and the MBR light fermentation device 7 in sequence; the MBR light fermentation device 7 is connected to the mixed gas storage device 8.

[0045] The biomass waste hydrogen production device system also includes a biomass wastewater pretreatment device 12 .

[0046] The biomass wastewater pretreatment device 12 is a filtering device.

[0047] The biomass wastewater pretreatment device 12 is connected to the UASB dark fermentation device 5 .

[0048] The biomass waste hydrogen production system further includes a hydrogen storage device 10 and a carbon dioxide storage device 11 .

[0049] The hydrogen storage device 10 and the carbon dioxide storage device 11 are both connected to the mixed gas separation device 9 .

[0050] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, an operation method of the above-mentioned biomass waste hydrogen production device system is provided, and the operation method comprises:

[0051] After the biomass waste enters the biomass waste coarse crushing device 1 for crushing treatment, it enters the steam explosion pretreatment device 2 for further crushing, and then enters the hydrolysis reaction device 3 for hydrolysis reaction, and the generated hydrolysis slurry is stored in the hydrolysis slurry storage device 4; the hydrolysis slurry enters the UASB dark fermentation device 5 for the first fermentation, and the generated hydrogen and carbon dioxide enter the mixed gas storage device 8, and then enters the mixed gas separation device 9 to separate hydrogen and carbon dioxide;

[0052] The bacterial species in the UASB dark fermentation device 5 include highly efficient hydrogen-producing heterotrophic anaerobic dark fermentation bacteria; the bacterial species in the MBR light fermentation device 7 include highly efficient hydrogen-producing light fermentation bacteria;

[0053] The organic acid produced by the first fermentation enters the organic acid storage device 6, and the organic acid enters the MBR photofermentation device 7 for the second fermentation, and the hydrogen and carbon dioxide produced also enter the mixed gas storage device 8; the hydrogen and carbon dioxide enter the hydrogen storage device 10 and the carbon dioxide storage device 11 respectively for storage;

[0054] The operation method also includes the biomass wastewater entering the biomass wastewater pretreatment device 12 for filtration and then entering the UASB dark fermentation device 5 to participate in the first fermentation.

[0055] In summary, the biomass waste hydrogen production device system provided by the present invention realizes the full fermentation of biomass waste to produce hydrogen through the coordinated cooperation of the UASB dark fermentation device and the MBR light fermentation device, utilizing the different physiological metabolism of microorganisms, and completes the resource utilization of biomass waste, which has a prospect of large-scale promotion and application.

[0056] The applicant declares that the present invention illustrates the detailed structural features of the present invention through the above-mentioned embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned detailed structural features, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above-mentioned detailed structural features to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvement of the present invention, equivalent replacement of the components selected by the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

[0057] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass waste hydrogen production device system, characterized in that: The biomass waste hydrogen production device system comprises a biomass waste coarse crushing device (1), a steam explosion pretreatment device (2), a hydrolysis reaction device (3), a hydrolysis slurry storage device (4), a UASB dark fermentation device (5), a mixed gas storage device (8) and a mixed gas separation device (9) which are connected in sequence; The UASB dark fermentation device (5) is connected to the organic acid storage device (6) and the MBR light fermentation device (7) in sequence; the MBR light fermentation device (7) is connected to the mixed gas storage device (8).

2. The biomass waste hydrogen production device system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biomass waste hydrogen production device system also includes a biomass wastewater pretreatment device (12); Preferably, the biomass wastewater pretreatment device (12) comprises a filtering device.

3. The biomass waste hydrogen production device system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The biomass wastewater pretreatment device (12) is connected to the UASB dark fermentation device (5).

4. The biomass waste hydrogen production device system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The biomass waste hydrogen production device system also includes a hydrogen storage device (10) and a carbon dioxide storage device (11).

5. The biomass waste hydrogen production device system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage device (10) and the carbon dioxide storage device (11) are both connected to the mixed gas separation device (9).

6. An operating method of a biomass waste hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The operation method comprises: After the biomass waste enters the biomass waste coarse crushing device (1) for crushing treatment, it enters the steam explosion pretreatment device (2) for further crushing, and then enters the hydrolysis reaction device (3) for hydrolysis reaction, and the generated hydrolysis slurry is stored in the hydrolysis slurry storage device (4); the hydrolysis slurry enters the UASB dark fermentation device (5) for first fermentation, and the generated hydrogen and carbon dioxide enter the mixed gas storage device (8), and then enters the mixed gas separation device (9) to separate the hydrogen and carbon dioxide; The organic acid produced by the first fermentation enters the organic acid storage device (6), and the organic acid enters the MBR photofermentation device (7) for the second fermentation, and the hydrogen and carbon dioxide produced also enter the mixed gas storage device (8).

7. The operating method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bacterial species in the UASB dark fermentation device (5) include highly efficient hydrogen-producing heterotrophic anaerobic dark fermentation bacteria.

8. The operating method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The bacterial species in the MBR photofermentation device (7) include highly efficient hydrogen-producing photofermentation bacteria.

9. The operating method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: The operation method further includes the biomass wastewater entering the biomass wastewater pretreatment device (12) for pretreatment and then entering the UASB dark fermentation device (5) to participate in the first fermentation; Preferably, the pretreatment includes a filtration treatment.

10. The operating method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that: The hydrogen and carbon dioxide enter the hydrogen storage device (10) and the carbon dioxide storage device (11) respectively for storage.

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