Crushed surrounding rock reinforcing structure based on NPR constant-resistance anchor rod

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of NPR constant-resistance anchor rods, and discloses a broken surrounding rock reinforcing structure based on the NPR constant-resistance anchor rods, the broken surrounding rock reinforcing structure comprises an anchor rod body, the anchor rod body is hollow, the top of the anchor rod body is in threaded connection with a limiting head, the limiting head communicates with the interior of the anchor rod body, and the bottom end of the anchor rod body is in threaded connection with a pre-tightening disc; a limiting block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the anchor rod body close to the limiting head; a protection mechanism is further included and comprises a rotating block, the top end of the rotating block is rotationally connected with the bottom end of the limiting block, a protection shell is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating block, and openings are symmetrically formed in the protection shell. When the rotating assembly displaces and moves on the positioning assembly, the rotating assembly is matched with sliding of a fixed sleeve block and a first sliding sleeve block, two sets of outer pipes can be pushed to drive a drill bit to slide towards the outer side through hinged connection, the drill bit can better puncture an eye position, the rotating assembly can rotate the drill bit when displacing, and the drilling efficiency is improved. And the drill bit can better perform puncture positioning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of NPR constant resistance anchor rods, and in particular to a broken surrounding rock reinforcement structure based on NPR constant resistance anchor rods. Background Art

[0002] NPR constant resistance anchor is an anchor made of a new material with negative Poisson's ratio. It combines the unique advantages of constant resistance technology and NPR materials, providing a more reliable and efficient reinforcement method for geotechnical engineering. In geotechnical engineering such as mining, tunneling, and slope management, the reinforcement of broken surrounding rock has always been a technical problem. Although traditional anchors can improve the stability of surrounding rocks to a certain extent, they have limitations in terms of pull-out resistance, deformation adaptability, and durability under extreme geological conditions. NPR materials have received widespread attention in the field of civil engineering in recent years due to their unique mechanical properties, namely, lateral expansion when compressed, which helps to disperse stress and enhance structural integrity.

[0003] The use process and principle of anchor rods and surrounding rock reinforcement structures are important links to ensure the stability and safety of underground engineering structures. Temporary support, drilling and eye-sweeping, and anchor rod installation are required step by step. When installing anchor rods, resin anchors are required to fix the anchor rods. However, the performance of the resin anchor itself is affected by many factors, such as its own composition, mixing time and other complex factors, which will cause the resin anchor to fail, resulting in problems when fixing the anchor rods. The operation is relatively complicated, which easily leads to a lack of effective reinforcement support for the surrounding rock. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problem in the background technology that when the anchor rod is fixed and installed, the resin anchoring agent is used for fixing and matching, which is affected by various factors and eventually easily causes the anchoring agent to lose its effectiveness, the present invention provides a broken surrounding rock reinforcement structure based on NPR constant resistance anchor rods.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solution: a broken surrounding rock reinforcement structure based on NPR constant resistance anchor, comprising:

[0006] Anchor rod body, the anchor rod body is hollow, and the top of the anchor rod body is threadedly connected to a limit head, the limit head is connected to the inside of the anchor rod body, the bottom end of the anchor rod body is threadedly connected to a preload plate, and the outer wall of the anchor rod body is fixedly connected to a limit block near the limit head;

[0007] Also includes:

[0008] A protection mechanism, the protection mechanism comprising a rotating block, the top end of the rotating block is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the limit block, the bottom end of the rotating block is fixedly connected to a protection shell, and the protection shell is symmetrically provided with openings;

[0009] The limiting mechanism includes a protective plate, which is fixed to the outer wall of the anchor body and located at the bottom of the limiting block. The protective plate is symmetrically provided with movable grooves on both sides. Vertical rods are fixedly connected in two groups of movable grooves. Vertical grooves are symmetrically provided on the outer wall of the vertical rods. Multiple groups of positioning components are connected to the outer walls of the two groups of vertical rods.

[0010] A pushing mechanism is connected to the limiting mechanism and the preload disk respectively.

[0011] Through the above technical scheme, when the anchor body is being fixed, the limiting mechanism can be initially deployed in cooperation with the jacking mechanism, and multiple groups of positioning components can be synchronously driven to puncture and fix the inner wall of the anchor position, providing the anchor with a limiting support force for anchoring, thereby facilitating the convenient limiting and fixing during the subsequent mud injection, simplifying the curing process, and reducing the construction difficulty; when the pre-tightening force is applied to the anchor body in the later stage, the positioning component can be further pressurized so that it can better puncture and fix the eye position.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a single group of the positioning components includes a fixed sleeve block, a sliding sleeve plate 2 and a sliding sleeve block 1 respectively connected from top to bottom, wherein the fixed sleeve block is fixedly connected to the vertical rod, and the sliding sleeve plate 2 and the sliding sleeve block 1 are both slidably connected to the vertical groove.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the two outer ends of the sliding sleeve are symmetrically slidably connected to the outer tubes, the inner sides of the two groups of outer tubes are fixedly connected to connecting rods, and the outer ends of the two groups of outer tubes are rotatably connected to drill bits.

[0014] Through the above technical scheme, by utilizing the fixed sleeve block under fixation and the sliding sleeve block one in sliding, under the hinged action of the connecting plate one and the sliding sleeve block one, the connecting rod can be pushed to drive the outer tubes on both sides to slide outwards when moving vertically upward, so that the drill bit can puncture the inner wall of the eye.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the outer end of the fixed sleeve block is rotatably connected to a connecting plate 1, the outer end of the sliding sleeve block 1 is rotatably connected to a connecting plate 2, the other ends of the connecting plate 1 and the connecting plate 2 are both rotatably connected to a connecting rod, and a rotating component is provided in both groups of outer tubes.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above solution, the positioning components are installed in groups on the outer wall of the vertical rod in an orderly manner.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the rotating assembly includes vertical slots that are evenly and symmetrically opened at the inner end of the protective plate, multiple groups of the vertical slots are fixedly connected with rack plates, multiple groups of the rack plates are meshedly connected with gears, and multiple groups of the gear outer ends are fixedly connected with inner rods.

[0018] As a further improvement of the above solution, multiple groups of sliding bars are evenly and fixedly connected to the outer walls of the inner rods, and the multiple groups of sliding bars are all slidably connected to the drill bits.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, when the sliding sleeve moves upward, the driving gear and the rack plate are meshed and connected, so that the inner rod and the drill bit can slide in the horizontal direction and drive the drill bit to rotate, thereby puncturing the inner wall of the eye.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the pushing mechanism includes a push plate, and the push plates are symmetrically arranged in two groups at the movable groove, and one side of the push plates is fixedly connected with a protrusion, and the protrusion is fixedly connected to an adjacent sliding sleeve block.

[0021] Through the above technical scheme, the sliding friction between the sliding block and the movable groove can ensure that the push plate will not easily undergo vertical displacement when not in use. When fixing the anchor rod body, the push plate can be driven vertically upward under the push of the sliding block and the positioning assembly can be fixed at the eye position.

[0022] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the bottom ends of the two groups of pushing plates are fixedly connected with sliding blocks, and vertical holes are opened in the middle of the two groups of sliding blocks. The vertical holes are vertically slidably connected to the vertical rods, and the two groups of sliding blocks are vertically slidably connected to the movable grooves.

[0023] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the pushing mechanism also includes an abutment block, which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the protective shell, and there is friction between the abutment block and the protective shell. A spring is elastically connected between the abutment block and the preload disk, and the top end of the abutment block abuts against the bottom end of the sliding block.

[0024] Through the above technical solution, when the preload disc is installed, the abutment block and the sliding block can be pushed to abut against each other under the action of the spring, and as the installation of the preload disc deepens, the sliding block can be further pushed to abut against the abutment block, and the pushing plate can be further pushed, so that the positioning component can better exert force for puncture and fixation.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (a) The present invention utilizes a limiting mechanism to position and install the anchor body, and as the anchor body is installed and the subsequent grouting operation is completed, and a pre-tightening force is applied to the anchor body, the positioning assembly can be further pressurized so that it can be better fixed at the eye position, thereby simplifying the operating steps and process during anchoring and effectively improving the fixing effect of the anchor body on the surrounding rock.

[0027] (ii) The present invention utilizes the rotating assembly to cooperate with the sliding of the fixed sleeve block and the sliding sleeve block when the positioning assembly is displaced and moved. The hinged connection can push the two sets of outer tubes to drive the drill bit to slide outward, so that the drill bit can better puncture the eye position, and the rotating assembly can rotate the drill bit during displacement, so that the drill bit can better perform puncture positioning.

[0028] (III) The present invention utilizes a protective mechanism to protect the internal limiting mechanism. When limiting is required, the protective shell can be rotated to expose the limiting mechanism, and the inner wall of the limiting mechanism can be punctured. After the puncture is completed, mud can be injected conveniently for further fixing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a broken surrounding rock reinforcement structure based on NPR constant resistance anchor provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a front cross-section of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the protective mechanism of the present invention in an unfolded state;

[0032] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a local section;

[0033] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement at the center A;

[0034] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure enlarged at B in the middle;

[0035] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at C in the middle.

[0036] Description of main symbols:

[0037] 1. Anchor rod body; 2. Limit head; 3. Limit block; 4. Preload disk; 5. Rotating block; 6. Protective shell; 7. Protective plate; 8. Movable groove; 9. Vertical rod; 10. Fixed sleeve block; 11. Vertical groove; 12. Connecting plate 1; 13. Sliding sleeve block 1; 14. Connecting plate 2; 15. Connecting rod; 16. Outer tube; 17. Drill bit; 18. Inner rod; 19. Gear; 20. Vertical notch; 21. Rack plate; 22. Sliding sleeve plate 2; 23. Push plate; 24. Sliding block; 25. Abutment block; 26. Spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment.

[0039] Embodiment 1:

[0040] Please combine Figure 1-Figure 4 and Figure 6 and Figure 7 , a broken surrounding rock reinforcement structure based on NPR constant resistance anchor rods in this embodiment includes:

[0041] Anchor rod body 1, the anchor rod body 1 is hollow, and the top of the anchor rod body 1 is threadedly connected to the limit head 2, the limit head 2 is connected to the inside of the anchor rod body 1, the bottom end of the anchor rod body 1 is threadedly connected to the preload plate 4, and the outer wall of the anchor rod body 1 is fixedly connected to the limit block 3 near the limit head 2;

[0042] Also includes:

[0043] The protection mechanism includes a rotating block 5, the top of the rotating block 5 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the limit block 3, the bottom of the rotating block 5 is fixedly connected to a protection shell 6, and the protection shell 6 is symmetrically provided with openings;

[0044] The limiting mechanism includes a protective plate 7, which is fixed to the outer wall of the anchor body 1 and is located at the bottom of the limiting block 3. The protective plate 7 is symmetrically provided with movable grooves 8 on both sides. Vertical rods 9 are fixedly connected in two groups of movable grooves 8. Vertical grooves 11 are symmetrically provided on the outer walls of the vertical rods 9. Multiple groups of positioning components are connected to the outer walls of the two groups of vertical rods 9.

[0045] The single-group positioning assembly includes a fixed sleeve block 10, a sliding sleeve plate 22 and a sliding sleeve block 13 which are connected from top to bottom, wherein the fixed sleeve block 10 is fixedly connected to the vertical rod 9, and the sliding sleeve plate 22 and the sliding sleeve block 13 are both slidably connected to the vertical groove 11.

[0046] The outer ends of the second sliding sleeve plate 22 are symmetrically slidably connected with the outer tubes 16 , the inner sides of the two groups of outer tubes 16 are fixedly connected with connecting rods 15 , and the outer ends of the two groups of outer tubes 16 are rotatably connected with drill bits 17 .

[0047] The outer end of the fixed sleeve block 10 is rotatably connected to a connecting plate 12, and the outer end of the sliding sleeve block 13 is rotatably connected to a connecting plate 2 14. The other ends of the connecting plate 12 and the connecting plate 2 14 are both rotatably connected to a connecting rod 15, and rotating components are provided in both sets of outer tubes 16.

[0048] The positioning components are multiple groups installed in order on the outer wall of the vertical rod 9.

[0049] The rotating assembly includes vertical slots 20 evenly and symmetrically opened on the inner end of the protective plate 7, multiple groups of vertical slots 20 are fixedly connected with rack plates 21, multiple groups of rack plates 21 are meshedly connected with gears 19, and multiple groups of gears 19 are fixedly connected with inner rods 18 at their outer ends.

[0050] The outer walls of the multiple groups of inner rods 18 are evenly and fixedly connected with sliding bars, and the multiple groups of sliding bars are all slidably connected with the drill bit 17.

[0051] The implementation principle of a broken surrounding rock reinforcement structure based on NPR constant resistance anchor rods in the embodiment of the present application is:

[0052] Drill holes in the surrounding rock according to the design requirements to ensure that the hole position, hole depth, hole diameter and layout form meet the specifications. Then use high-pressure wind or water to clean up the rock powder, accumulated water and other debris in the hole to ensure good bonding between the anchor rod and the surrounding rock.

[0053] After the device is assembled and installed, the entire anchor body 1 is sent into the eye position with the limit head 2 as the head, and the preload disk 4 is rotated. The threaded connection between the preload disk 4 and the bottom end of the anchor body 1 is used to push the abutment block 25 under the friction with the protective shell 6, driving the protective shell 6 to rotate under the rotation connection between the rotating block 5 and the limit block 3, so that the limit mechanism is exposed, and when the abutment block 25 pushes the sliding block 24, the multiple groups of sliding sleeve blocks 13 can be synchronously pushed to move under the action of the vertical upward movement of the pushing plate 23 in the movable groove 8. As the multiple groups of sliding sleeve blocks 13 slide synchronously to the top, since the fixed sleeve block 10 is in a fixed state, When the connecting plate 12, the connecting plate 2 14 and the connecting rod 15 are rotated and connected, the sliding sleeve block 13 will be driven to move toward the fixed sleeve block 10, and the connecting plates 12 and 14 will push the connecting rod 15 to drive the outer tube 16 to be ejected outward under the hinge left and right, and the sliding sleeve plate 22 will follow the sliding with the vertical rod 9; when the outer tube 16 slides, the inner rod 18 inside rotates under the meshing connection of the gear 19 and the rack plate 21, and synchronously drives the drill bit 17 to rotate under the sliding connection with the inner rod 18, and further penetrates into the inner wall of the eye, thereby providing limiting support for the anchor rod body 1.

[0054] Embodiment 2:

[0055] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 Based on Example 1, this embodiment is further improved in that:

[0056] The push mechanism is connected with the limit mechanism and the preload disk 4 respectively.

[0057] The pushing mechanism includes a push plate 23, which is symmetrically arranged in two groups at the movable groove 8, and a protrusion is fixedly connected to one side of the push plate 23, and the protrusion is fixedly connected to the adjacent sliding sleeve block 13.

[0058] The bottom ends of the two push plates 23 are fixedly connected with sliding blocks 24 , and the middle parts of the two sliding blocks 24 are provided with vertical holes, which are vertically slidably connected to the vertical rods 9 , and the two sliding blocks 24 are vertically slidably connected to the movable grooves 8 .

[0059] The pushing mechanism also includes an abutment block 25, which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the protective shell 6, and there is friction between the abutment block 25 and the protective shell 6. A spring 26 is elastically connected between the abutment block 25 and the preload disk 4, and the top end of the abutment block 25 abuts against the bottom end of the sliding block 24.

[0060] The implementation principle of a broken surrounding rock reinforcement structure based on NPR constant resistance anchor rods in the embodiment of the present application is:

[0061] After the initial fixation is completed, the mud is injected to make the connection between the anchor body 1 and the eye position more firmly. Then, when the preload force is applied, the anchor body 1 will be tensioned outward. As a result, under the action of the preload disk 4, the anchor body 1 will be displaced outward, and the abutment block 25 will further push the push plate 23 to move toward the top end, so that the limiting mechanism will further pierce and limit outward, which can further improve the anchoring effect.

[0062] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A broken surrounding rock reinforcement structure based on NPR constant resistance anchor, comprising: Anchor rod body, the anchor rod body is hollow, and the top of the anchor rod body is threadedly connected to a limit head, the limit head is connected to the inside of the anchor rod body, the bottom end of the anchor rod body is threadedly connected to a preload plate, and the outer wall of the anchor rod body is fixedly connected to a limit block near the limit head; It is characterized by further comprising: A protection mechanism, the protection mechanism comprising a rotating block, the top end of the rotating block is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the limit block, the bottom end of the rotating block is fixedly connected to a protection shell, and the protection shell is symmetrically provided with openings; The limiting mechanism includes a protective plate, which is fixed to the outer wall of the anchor body and located at the bottom of the limiting block. The protective plate is symmetrically provided with movable grooves on both sides. Vertical rods are fixedly connected in two groups of movable grooves. Vertical grooves are symmetrically provided on the outer wall of the vertical rods. Multiple groups of positioning components are connected to the outer walls of the two groups of vertical rods. A pushing mechanism is connected to the limiting mechanism and the preload disk respectively.

2. A broken surrounding rock reinforcement structure based on NPR constant resistance anchor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A single group of the positioning components includes a fixed sleeve block, a sliding sleeve plate 2 and a sliding sleeve block 1 which are respectively connected from top to bottom, wherein the fixed sleeve block is fixedly connected to the vertical rod, and the sliding sleeve plate 2 and the sliding sleeve block 1 are both slidably connected to the vertical groove.

3. A broken surrounding rock reinforcement structure based on NPR constant resistance anchor as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The two outer ends of the sliding sleeve are symmetrically and slidingly connected with the outer tubes, the inner sides of the two groups of outer tubes are fixedly connected with connecting rods, and the outer ends of the two groups of outer tubes are rotatably connected with drill bits.

4. A broken surrounding rock reinforcement structure based on NPR constant resistance anchor as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The outer end of the fixed sleeve block is rotatably connected to a connecting plate 1, the outer end of the sliding sleeve block 1 is rotatably connected to a connecting plate 2, the other ends of the connecting plate 1 and the connecting plate 2 are both rotatably connected to a connecting rod, and a rotating component is arranged in both groups of outer tubes.

5. A broken surrounding rock reinforcement structure based on NPR constant resistance anchor as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning components are arranged in groups on the outer wall of the vertical rod in an orderly manner.

6. A broken surrounding rock reinforcement structure based on NPR constant resistance anchor as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating assembly includes vertical slots that are evenly and symmetrically opened at the inner end of the protective plate, multiple groups of the vertical slots are fixedly connected with rack plates, multiple groups of the rack plates are meshedly connected with gears, and multiple groups of the gear outer ends are fixedly connected with inner rods.

7. A broken surrounding rock reinforcement structure based on NPR constant resistance anchor as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The outer walls of the multiple groups of inner rods are evenly and fixedly connected with sliding bars, and the multiple groups of sliding bars are all slidably connected with the drill bits.

8. A broken surrounding rock reinforcement structure based on NPR constant resistance anchor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism comprises a pushing plate, wherein the pushing plates are in two groups symmetrically arranged at the movable groove, and one side of the pushing plates is fixedly connected with a protrusion, and the protrusion is fixedly connected with an adjacent sliding sleeve block.

9. A broken surrounding rock reinforcement structure based on NPR constant resistance anchor as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom ends of the two groups of pushing plates are fixedly connected with sliding blocks, and vertical holes are opened in the middle of the two groups of sliding blocks. The vertical holes are vertically slidably connected to the vertical rods, and the two groups of sliding blocks are vertically slidably connected to the movable grooves.

10. A broken surrounding rock reinforcement structure based on NPR constant resistance anchor as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism also includes an abutment block, which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the protective shell, and there is friction between the abutment block and the protective shell. A spring is elastically connected between the abutment block and the preload disk, and the top end of the abutment block abuts against the bottom end of the sliding block.

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