Hydraulic transmission unit and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic transmission unit and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of transmission devices.The hydraulic transmission unit is characterized in that a motor and a pump are arranged in a shell, a channel is formed in the shell, and an outlet of the pump communicates with an inlet of the motor through the channel; the motor and the pump are both integrated in the shell, compared with the mode that the motor and the pump are arranged in a scattered mode in the prior art, the arrangement of the motor and the pump is more concentrated, the overall occupied space of the motor and the pump is reduced, and due to the fact that the channel, the motor and the pump are all located in the shell, on the basis of concentrated arrangement of the motor and the pump, the overall occupied space is reduced. A pipeline for connecting the motor and the pump is bound to be more exquisite, so that the overall occupied space of the motor and the pump is further reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the hydraulic transmission unit is reduced; according to the hydraulic transmission unit, the channel is formed in the shell, the shell separates the outside from the channel, force borne by the channel can be shared by the shell, the channel cannot bear too large force, the channel is not prone to damage, and therefore the maintenance cost of the hydraulic transmission unit is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of valve technology, and in particular to a hydraulic transmission unit and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Traditional pump-controlled motor systems are usually composed of multiple independent components, including motors, pumps, oil circuits, and multiple control elements, which make the overall structure of the system relatively large. In addition, due to the complex manufacturing process of pumps and motors, the material cost and manufacturing cost are high, which leads to a significant increase in the total cost of the system. At the same time, under high pressure and high temperature conditions, the durability and operating efficiency of the system are easily affected, increasing maintenance and operating costs.

[0003] Therefore, how to reduce the manufacturing and operating costs of pumps and motors while reducing the overall space occupied by pumps and motors has become a technical problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic transmission unit and a vehicle, wherein the hydraulic transmission unit comprises: A housing is provided with a motor and a pump, a channel is formed in the housing, and an outlet of the pump is connected with an inlet of the motor through the channel.

[0005] Preferably, the channel is arc-shaped; and / or, an arc transition portion is provided at a corner of the channel.

[0006] Preferably, an overflow valve is provided in the channel; And / or, at least one of the motor and the pump is a variable displacement structure; And / or, a weight reduction area is provided on the shell.

[0007] Preferably, the pump comprises a first transmission shaft and a swash plate, the first transmission shaft is provided with a first cylinder body and a first distribution plate, and the first cylinder body and the first distribution plate are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the first transmission shaft; The swash plate is arranged to be inclined relative to the axial direction of the first transmission shaft; The first cylinder body is fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft, and the first cylinder body includes a plurality of first plunger cavities arranged along the circumference of the first transmission shaft, a first plunger is arranged in the first plunger cavity, the first plunger is arranged to avoid the first valve plate, a first end of the first plunger is slidably matched with the first plunger cavity, and a second end of the first plunger is slidably matched with the slant plate; The first distribution plate is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet, and the first inlet and the first outlet are both communicated with the first plunger cavity.

[0008] Preferably, the hydraulic transmission unit further comprises a first driving member, the first driving member is drivingly connected to the swash plate, and the first driving member is used to drive the swash plate to rotate in a direction approaching and away from the first transmission shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the first driving member comprises a variable piston, the variable piston comprises a piston rod, the piston rod is fixed in the housing, and the piston rod is outer-mounted with a second cylinder body connected to the first transmission shaft; The second cylinder body can move relative to the piston rod along the axial direction of the piston rod. The second cylinder body has a first piston chamber and a second piston chamber arranged along the axial direction of the piston rod. The first piston chamber and the second piston chamber respectively have a second inlet and a third inlet for the working medium to enter.

[0010] Preferably, the pump also includes a filling unit, in which a working medium is stored. The filling unit is connected to the first piston chamber and the second piston chamber respectively through a reversing valve, and the reversing valve is used to switch the connection state between the filling unit and the first piston chamber and the second piston chamber.

[0011] Preferably, the reversing valve comprises a valve core, a valve seat, a second driving member and a compensation unit; The second driving member is used to drive the valve core to move in the valve seat to switch the communication state between the filling unit and the first piston chamber and the second piston chamber; The compensation unit includes a feedback rod and a compensation piece; the first end of the feedback rod is connected to the second cylinder body, the second end of the feedback rod is connected to a retaining frame, and the retaining frame includes a first abutting portion and a second abutting portion respectively connected to two ends of the compensation piece.

[0012] Preferably, the motor comprises a second transmission shaft, a third cylinder, a second plunger, and a second valve plate; The first end of the second transmission shaft extends out of the housing; The third cylinder body comprises a plurality of second plunger chambers arranged along the circumference of the third cylinder body; The second plunger is arranged to be inclined relative to the axial direction of the second transmission shaft, the first end of the second plunger is connected to the second end of the second transmission shaft, and the second end of the second plunger is slidably matched with the second plunger cavity; The second distribution plate is located on a side of the third cylinder body away from the second transmission shaft. The second distribution plate is provided with a fourth inlet and a fourth outlet. The fourth inlet and the fourth outlet are both communicated with the second plunger cavity.

[0013] In addition, the present invention also provides a vehicle, comprising the hydraulic transmission unit.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects: The present invention integrates both the motor and the pump in a housing. Compared with the dispersed arrangement of the motor and the pump in the prior art, the arrangement of the motor and the pump is more centralized, which reduces the overall space occupied by the motor and the pump. In addition, a channel is reserved in the housing, and the outlet of the pump is connected to the inlet of the motor through the channel. Since the channel, the motor and the pump are all located in the housing, the pipeline connecting the motor and the pump is bound to be more sophisticated on the basis of the centralized arrangement of the motor and the pump, which eliminates the numerous parts and pipelines required for connecting the motor and the pump in the prior art, further reduces the overall space occupied by the motor and the pump, and at the same time, reduces the manufacturing cost of the hydraulic transmission unit. Moreover, compared with the external pipeline connecting the motor and the pump in the prior art, the channel in the present invention is arranged in the housing, and the housing isolates the outside from the channel, so that the channel is less likely to be damaged by collision with external mechanisms, and the force applied to the channel can be distributed to the housing, so that the channel will not be subjected to excessive force and is less likely to be damaged, thereby reducing the maintenance cost of the hydraulic transmission unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic principle of the hydraulic speed change transmission unit; Figure 2 It is the front view of the hydraulic speed change transmission unit; Figure 3 It is a left side view of the hydraulic speed change transmission unit; Figure 4 It is the structural diagram of the pump; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the motor structure; Figure 6 It is the structural schematic diagram of the variable piston; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electric proportional servo valve; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flushing valve; Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the channel; Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end cover; Fig.11 It is the simulation structure diagram of the channel; Among them, 1, motor; 2, pump; 3, variable piston; 4, reversing valve; 5, filter; 6, overflow valve; 7, flushing valve; 8, housing; 9, end cover; 10, first cover plate; 101, second transmission shaft; 102, second plunger; 103, pressure plate; 104, third plunger; 105, first elastic member; 106, first gasket; 107, second plunger cavity; 108, second distribution plate; 201, first transmission shaft; 202, inclined plate; 203, ball joint; 204, sliding shoe; 205, return plate; 206, first plunger; 207, first cylinder body; 208, first distribution plate; 209, slider; 210, second elastic member; 211, third Elastic member; 301, limit piston; 302, second cylinder body; 303, support seat; 304, semicircular clamp; 305, clamp plate; 306, first flange; 307, piston rod; 308, first buffer member; 309, second buffer member; 310, second flange; 311, adjusting nut; 401, feedback rod; 402, valve seat; 403, second cover plate; 404, valve core; 405, retaining frame; 406, compensation member; 407, valve cover; 408, eccentric shaft; 409, second driving member; 701, first valve core; 702, second gasket; 703, return member; 704, screw plug; 705, switch valve core; 706, fourth elastic member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] like Figure 1 to Figure 11 As shown, the present invention discloses a hydraulic transmission unit, which includes: a housing 8, a motor 1 and a pump 2 are arranged in the housing 8, a channel is formed in the housing 8, and the outlet of the pump 2 is connected to the inlet of the motor 1 through the channel.

[0020] The present invention integrates the motor 1 and the pump 2 in the housing 8. Compared with the dispersed arrangement of the motor 1 and the pump 2 in the prior art, the motor 1 and the pump 2 are arranged more centrally, which reduces the overall occupied space of the motor 1 and the pump 2, i.e., the hydraulic transmission unit. In addition, the present invention provides a channel in the housing 8 (the channel can be a channel reserved when the housing 8 is manufactured or processed. Compared with adding an additional pipeline in the housing 8, the volume of the housing 8, i.e., the hydraulic transmission unit, is further reduced). The outlet of the pump 2 is connected to the inlet of the motor 1 through the channel. Since the channel, the motor 1 and the pump 2 are all located in the housing 8, on the basis of the centralized arrangement of the motor 1 and the pump 2, The pipeline connecting the motor 1 and the pump 2 is bound to be more sophisticated, which eliminates the numerous parts and pipelines required to connect the motor 1 and the pump 2 in the prior art, further reduces the overall space occupied by the motor 1 and the pump 2, and at the same time reduces the manufacturing cost of the hydraulic transmission unit; and, compared with the external pipeline connecting the motor 1 and the pump 2 in the prior art, the channel in the present invention is arranged in the shell 8, and the shell 8 isolates the outside from the channel, so that the channel is less likely to be damaged by collision with external mechanisms, and the force applied to the channel can be distributed to the shell 8, so that the channel will not be subjected to excessive force and is less likely to be damaged, thereby reducing the maintenance cost of the hydraulic transmission unit.

[0021] Among them, the channel in the present invention has sufficient strength so that it is not easy to be damaged when the hydraulic transmission unit is running for a long time, ensuring the smooth realization of the functions of the pump 2 and the motor 1. The channel in the present invention has a variety of settings. For example, if the original functions of the pump 2 and the motor 1 can be smoothly realized, the volume of the shell 8 allows, and the advantage of the small space occupied by the hydraulic transmission unit remains unchanged, the channel can be specifically set as a straight channel without corners. If the volume of the shell 8, i.e., the hydraulic transmission unit, is to be further reduced, the channel can be set as an arc channel without corners. Through the bending of the arc channel, the space occupied by the pump 2 and the motor 1 can be reduced as much as possible on the basis of ensuring the normal functions of the motor 1 and the pump 2; the inlet and outlet shapes of the channel can be elliptical, etc. Furthermore, if the space occupied by the pump 2 and the motor 1 is to be smaller, the channel can be set as a channel with a corner. In this case, a circular arc transition portion is provided at the corner, that is, the corner is arc-shaped, which avoids the problem of setting a right-angle corner, resulting in a vortex dead corner in the channel, the risk of pipe explosion, and shortened service life. In addition to the arc-shaped corner, other areas of the channel can be either circular arc-shaped or straight line-shaped, such as Fig. 9 as well as Fig.11 As shown, the channel is arc-shaped and the corner of the channel is also arc-shaped. Under the condition of ensuring that the volume of the hydraulic transmission unit is small and the manufacturing, operation and maintenance costs of the hydraulic transmission unit are low, the specific arrangement of the channel can be determined according to the situation.

[0022] According to the working condition requirements, the motor 1 and pump 2 in the present invention can be either a variable displacement structure or a fixed displacement structure. Specifically, if the hydraulic transmission unit does not need to realize stepless speed transmission, the motor 1 and pump 2 can both be fixed displacement structures, that is, fixed displacement motor 1 and fixed displacement pump 2; if the hydraulic transmission unit needs to realize stepless speed transmission, at least one of the motor 1 and pump 2 is a variable displacement structure, which includes the following three situations: ① fixed displacement pump 2 and variable displacement motor 1; ② variable displacement pump 2 and variable displacement motor 1; ③ variable displacement pump 2 and fixed displacement motor 1. In addition, according to the working condition requirements, the pump 2 and motor 1 in the present invention can be selected into different types accordingly. For example, the pump 2 in the present invention can be set as a swash plate type piston pump 2 or a bent axis type piston pump 2, etc., and the motor 1 can be set as an axial piston motor 1 and a radial piston motor 1, etc., but it should be noted that the pump 2 and the motor 1 need to be set in coordination. For example, if the hydraulic transmission unit needs to realize stepless speed transmission, the condition that the pump 2 controls the motor 1 must be met.

[0023] like Figure 4 As shown, the pump 2 in the present invention includes a first transmission shaft 201 and a swash plate 202. The first transmission shaft 201 is provided with a first cylinder body 207 and a first distribution plate 208. The first cylinder body 207 and the first distribution plate 208 are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the first transmission shaft 201; the swash plate 202 is arranged obliquely relative to the axial direction of the first transmission shaft 201; the first cylinder body 207 is fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft 201, the first cylinder body 207 is coaxially arranged with the first transmission shaft 201, and the first cylinder body 207 includes a first cylinder body 207 uniformly arranged along the circumference of the first transmission shaft 201. There are multiple first plunger cavities, in which a first plunger 206 is provided, and the first plunger 206 is arranged to avoid the first distribution plate 208 (the first plunger 206 is located on the side of the first cylinder body 207 away from the first distribution plate 208), the first end of the first plunger 206 is slidably matched with the first plunger cavity, the second end of the first plunger 206 is slidably matched with the inclined plate 202, and the first end of the first plunger 206 is located in the first plunger cavity; the first distribution plate 208 is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet, and the first inlet and the first outlet are both connected with the first plunger cavity.

[0024] The first transmission shaft 201 is connected with a driving structure, which can be a rotary driving device such as a rotary motor. When the driving structure drives the first transmission shaft 201 to rotate, the first transmission shaft 201 drives the first cylinder body 207 to rotate. Since the swash plate 202 and the second end of the first plunger 206 are slidably matched, and the swash plate 202 is tilted relative to the axial direction of the first transmission shaft 201, the first plunger 206 can generate reciprocating motion in the first plunger cavity under the action of the swash plate 202, thereby realizing the suction and discharge of the working medium. Specifically, some areas of the swash plate 202, such as the upper part of the swash plate 202, are slightly close to the first cylinder body 207, and some areas of the swash plate 202, such as the lower part of the swash plate 202, are slightly away from the first cylinder body 207. In this way, when the first cylinder body 207 rotates from top to bottom, the first cylinder body 207 The gap between the first cylinder body 207 and the swash plate 202 continues to increase, the first plunger 206 continues to move away from the first plunger chamber, the volume of the first plunger chamber increases, and the working medium in the first distribution plate 208 is sucked into the first plunger chamber; conversely, when the first cylinder body 207 rotates from bottom to top, the gap between the first cylinder body 207 and the swash plate 202 continues to decrease, the swash plate 202 pushes the first plunger 206 to move toward the first plunger chamber, the volume of the first plunger chamber decreases, and the working medium in the first plunger chamber is discharged into the oil inlet of the motor 1; that is, every time the first cylinder body 207 rotates once, the first plunger chamber completes a reciprocating motion, completes the action of sucking in the working medium, and discharges the working medium.

[0025] It should be noted that the first cylinder body 207 and the first transmission shaft 201 are fixedly connected so that the first transmission shaft 201 directly drives the first cylinder body 207 to rotate, and then drives the first plunger 206 to reciprocate in the first plunger cavity to complete the normal operation of the pump 2. The first cylinder body 207 and the first transmission shaft 201 can be specifically connected by a key connection or a threaded connection. The first cylinder body 207 is coaxially arranged with the first transmission shaft 201, which makes the internal structure of the pump 2 more compact, reduces unnecessary components, and reduces the overall volume and weight of the pump 2; this allows the first transmission shaft 201 to directly drive the first cylinder body 207 to rotate, reducing the deviation and power loss of power transmission; this allows the first plunger 206 to move more stably in the first plunger cavity, is not prone to eccentricity or skewness, reduces wear, vibration and installation errors, and extends the service life of the pump 2. The second end of the first plunger 206, i.e., the head of the first plunger 206, is slidably matched with the swash plate 202, and the first end of the first plunger 206 is slidably matched with the first plunger cavity along the axial direction of the first plunger cavity, so that the swash plate 202 can convert the rotational motion of the first plunger 206 into the linear reciprocating motion of the first plunger 206, and can effectively transfer energy to the first plunger 206, so that the suction and discharge of the working medium are more efficient.

[0026] There are many ways to form a sliding fit between the second end of the first plunger 206 and the swash plate 202, for example, Figure 4 As shown, a sliding shoe 204 (also called a sliding shoe) is provided at the second end of the first plunger 206. The sliding shoe 204 is in sliding cooperation with the swash plate 202. The sliding shoe 204 realizes the sliding cooperation between the swash plate 202 and the second end of the first plunger 206. The sliding shoe 204 can evenly transmit the thrust of the swash plate 202 to the first plunger 206, ensuring that the first plunger 206 can smoothly reciprocate in the first plunger cavity; the sliding shoe 204 forms a sliding contact surface between the second end of the first plunger 206 and the swash plate 202, reducing the severe friction caused by the direct contact between the second end of the first plunger 206 and the swash plate 202; and a channel can be further provided on the first plunger 206, one end of the channel is connected to the first plunger cavity, the other end of the channel passes through the sliding shoe 204, and the opening of the other end of the channel is arranged toward the swash plate 202, so that a lubricating layer can be formed between the swash plate 202 and the sliding shoe 204, further reducing the friction between the swash plate 202 and the sliding shoe 204. It should be understood that the sliding fit between the second end of the first plunger 206 and the swash plate 202 is not limited to the sliding shoe 204 , and other structures that can achieve the sliding fit between the second end of the first plunger 206 and the swash plate 202 may also be used.

[0027] Furthermore, if Figure 4 As shown, a return plate 205 is provided between the sliding shoe 204 and the second end of the first piston 206, a ball joint 203 is provided at one end of the first cylinder body 207 facing the return plate 205, the first cylinder body 207 is rotatably connected to the return plate 205 through the ball joint 203, a second elastic member 210 is provided between the first cylinder body 207 and the ball joint 203, a third elastic member 211 is provided between the first transmission shaft 201 and the first cylinder body 207, the second elastic member 210 and the third elastic member 211 are arranged along the axial direction of the first transmission shaft 201, one end of the third elastic member 211 between the first transmission shaft 201 and the first cylinder body 207 is arranged on the first transmission shaft 201, and the other end of the third elastic member 211 is arranged on the support seat 303 in the first cylinder body 207; the second elastic member 210 and the third elastic member 211 can specifically be elastic structures such as springs.

[0028] Both the second elastic member 210 and the third elastic member 211 can prevent the first transmission shaft 201 from jumping, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the pump 2 . On the one hand, the force of the second elastic member 210 and the third elastic member 211 can act on the first cylinder body 207, so that the first cylinder body 207 is pressed against the first distribution plate 208, reducing the gap between the first cylinder body 207 and the first distribution plate 208, ensuring good sealing, reducing the leakage of the working medium, and compensating the position change of the first cylinder body 207 and the first distribution plate 208 through the force of the second elastic member 210 and the third elastic member 211, so as to ensure the efficient operation of the pump 2; on the other hand, it acts on the ball joint 203, so that the ball joint 203 is pressed against the return plate 205, the return plate 205 is pressed against the sliding shoe 204, and the sliding shoe 204 is pressed against the inclined plate 202, that is, through the return plate 205 pressing the sliding shoe 204, the first plunger 206 can always be close to the surface of the inclined plate 202, ensuring that the first plunger cavity of the first plunger 206 maintains a stable reciprocating motion, avoiding the gap or Looseness causes the first plunger 206 to separate from the swash plate 202, ensuring the normal operation of the pump 2; absorbing part of the vibration and impact, playing a buffering role, protecting the first plunger 206 and the ball joint 203, and extending the service life of the pump 2; compensating for the wear or displacement of the first plunger 206 and the swash plate 202 surface during long-term use, so that the first plunger 206 can still be close to the swash plate surface; in short, the above two elastic parts are respectively the distribution pair formed between the first cylinder body 207 and the first distribution plate 208, the slipper 204 pair formed between the slipper 204 and the return plate 205, and the return plate 205 pair formed between the return plate 205 and the swash plate 202, which provide the initial pre-compression force and pre-sealing force before the pump 2 is started and before the pressure is established; and even if one elastic part fails unexpectedly, the other elastic part can still smoothly perform the above functions to maintain the efficient operation of the pump 2.

[0029] Furthermore, an elastic member may be provided between the first plunger 206 and the first plunger cavity, the two ends of the elastic member being connected to the first plunger cavity and the first end of the first plunger 206 respectively, the elastic member deforming along the axial direction of the first plunger 206, the elastic member exerting a force on the first plunger 206 to move in a direction close to the first plunger cavity, and the elastic member may be a spring or other structure that can exert a force on the first plunger 206 to move in a direction close to the first plunger cavity. The elastic member can increase the return speed of the pump 2, ensuring that the first plunger 206 returns quickly and reliably in each working cycle of sucking and discharging the working medium, and preventing hysteresis caused by friction or other resistance.

[0030] like Figure 4As shown, the swash plate 202 in the present invention is sleeved outside the first transmission shaft 201, and the swash plate 202 is located on the side of the first cylinder body 207 away from the first distribution plate 208; compared with the method in which the swash plate 202 is not sleeved on the first transmission shaft 201, this makes the structure of the pump 2 more compact and smaller in size; at the same time, this makes the power on the first transmission shaft 201 more effectively transmitted to the swash plate 202, so that the pump 2 has a faster response rate.

[0031] Furthermore, if the pump 2 is a variable displacement pump 2, the hydraulic transmission unit further includes a first driving member, which is transmission-connected to the swash plate 202. The first driving member can drive the swash plate 202 to rotate in the direction close to the first transmission shaft 201 and away from the first transmission shaft 201, thereby changing the inclination angle of the swash plate 202, adjusting the reciprocating stroke of the first plunger 206 in the first plunger chamber, and thereby changing the displacement of the pump 2 (the smaller the inclination angle between the swash plate 202 and the first plunger 206, the shorter the stroke of the first plunger 206, and the smaller the volume of the working medium discharged by the pump 2). The output end of the first driving member can be directly connected to the swash plate 202, or connected to the swash plate 202 through a slider 209, which is disposed outside the second cylinder body 302, the slider 209 is rotationally connected to the swash plate 202, and the slider 209 abuts against the second cylinder body 302.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the first driving member may specifically include a variable piston 3, the variable piston 3 includes a piston rod 307, the piston rod 307 is fixed in the housing 8, the piston rod 307 is outerly provided with a second cylinder body 302 rotatably connected to the first transmission shaft 201, the second cylinder body 302 can move relative to the piston rod 307 along the axial direction of the piston rod 307, the second cylinder body 302 has a first piston chamber and a second piston chamber arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the piston rod 307, the first piston chamber and the second piston chamber respectively have a second inlet and a third inlet for the working medium to enter.

[0033] When the first driving member is of the above structure, if it is necessary to increase the angle between the swash plate 202 and the first transmission shaft 201, the working medium is added to the second piston chamber through the third inlet. At this time, the second inlet remains closed. At this time, the second piston chamber is filled with the working medium, and the pressure in the second piston chamber is greater than the pressure in the first piston chamber. This causes the second cylinder body 302 to move in the direction away from the first transmission shaft 201 under the action of the working medium in the second piston chamber, thereby driving the swash plate 202 to rotate in the direction away from the first transmission shaft 201, thereby increasing the inclination angle between the swash plate 202 and the first transmission shaft 201. On the contrary, if it is necessary to reduce the inclination angle between the swash plate 202 and the first transmission shaft 201, The working medium is injected into the first piston chamber through the second inlet, and the third inlet remains closed. At this time, since there is working medium in the first piston chamber, the pressure in the first piston chamber is greater than the pressure in the second piston chamber, which makes the second cylinder body 302 move toward the direction close to the first transmission shaft 201 under the action of the working medium in the first piston chamber, and then drives the swash plate 202 to rotate toward the direction close to the first transmission shaft 201, thereby reducing the inclination angle between the swash plate 202 and the first transmission shaft 201; the inclination angle of the swash plate 202 is changed by the first driving member, and the stroke of the first plunger 206 is adjusted, thereby realizing the adjustment of the displacement of the pump 2.

[0034] Among them, the piston has a variety of settings, such as Figure 4 As shown, the axial direction of the piston can be set perpendicularly to the axial direction of the first transmission shaft 201, or the piston can be set parallel to the axial direction of the first transmission shaft 201, as long as the movement of the piston can drive the movement of the swash plate 202 and realize the change of the inclination angle of the swash plate 202.

[0035] The piston rod 307 can be fixed in the housing 8 in a variety of ways. Figure 6 As shown, both ends of the piston rod 307 can be connected to the first flange 306 and the second flange 310 respectively, wherein the second flange 310 can be threadedly connected to one end of the piston rod 307, and the end of the piston rod 307 extending out of the second flange 310 is tightened by an adjusting nut 311.

[0036] In addition, the present invention also provides a first buffer member 308 and a second buffer member 309 in the first piston chamber and the second piston chamber. The first buffer member 308 and the second buffer member 309 are arranged in the first piston chamber and the second piston chamber from the inside to the outside, and two support seats 303 for installing the first buffer member 308 and the second buffer member 309 are provided on the first piston chamber and the second piston chamber. The support seats 303 are arranged along the axial direction of the piston rod 307, and the two support seats 303 in the first piston chamber or the second piston chamber are symmetrically arranged. The two ends of the first buffer member 308 and the second buffer member 309 are respectively connected to the two support seats 303. The first buffer 308 and the second buffer 309 buffer the movement of the second cylinder 302, avoiding the problem of excessive pressure and wear when the second cylinder 302 is started. The first buffer 308 and the second buffer 309 are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside, which realizes the full use of the space in the first piston cavity and the second piston cavity, avoiding the problem that the first buffer 308 and the second buffer are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the first piston cavity or the second piston cavity, resulting in the piston occupying space and the shell 8 having a large volume. The two support seats 303 for supporting the first buffer 308 and the two support seats 303 for supporting the second buffer 309 are integrated, which further reduces the space occupied by the piston, so that the shell 8 still has a small volume. The first buffer 308 and the second buffer 309 can be specifically a spring or other structure that can play a buffering role.

[0037] At the same time, the present invention also provides a first limit member on the piston rod 307, and / or provides a second limit member on the support seat 303 to match the first limit member. The first limit member and / or the second limit member are used to limit the axial stroke of the piston along the piston rod 307 to avoid excessive displacement of the piston, which may cause the swash plate 202 to move too much and the pump 2 to be unable to operate normally. The first limit member may specifically be a limit piston 301 sleeved on the piston rod 307, and the second limit member may specifically be a step or other structure provided on the support seat 303.

[0038] like Figure 6 As shown, the present invention is further provided with a semicircular clamp 304 and a clamp plate 305 outside the piston rod 307 , and the position of the piston rod 307 is fixed by the semicircular clamp 304 and the clamp plate 305 .

[0039] Furthermore, the pump 2 also includes a filling unit and a reversing valve 4. The filling unit stores a working medium. The filling unit can specifically be a filling pump 2. The filling unit is connected to the first piston chamber and the second piston chamber through the reversing valve 4. The reversing valve 4 is used to switch the connection state between the filling unit and the first piston chamber and the second piston chamber.

[0040] The filling pump 2 can be specifically a pump 2 for filling the working medium into the first piston chamber and the second piston chamber. The fourth inlet of the reversing valve 4 is connected to the outlet of the filling unit, the second outlet of the reversing valve 4 is connected to the second inlet, and the third outlet of the reversing valve 4 is connected to the third inlet. The reversing valve 4 can be used to switch the connection state between the filling unit and the first piston chamber and the second piston chamber: for example, the state in which the reversing valve 4 is not connected to the first piston chamber and the second piston chamber can be switched to the state in which the reversing valve 4 is only connected to the first piston chamber or the second piston chamber. Figure 1 , Figure 7 As shown, the present invention is provided with a filter screen 5 at the fourth inlet of the reversing valve 4, and the filter screen 5 is used to intercept and filter out impurities in the working medium to avoid erosion of the hydraulic transmission unit.

[0041] like Figure 7As shown, the reversing valve 4 in the present invention may specifically include a valve core 404, a valve seat 402, the valve core 404 is eccentrically arranged relative to the valve seat 402, the valve seat 402 may be fixed in the housing 8 through a second cover plate 403, the space between the valve cover 407 and the valve seat 402 is a space for the movement of the retainer 405, a second driving member and a compensation unit; the second driving member can drive the valve core 404 to move in the valve seat 402 to switch the communication state between the filling unit and the first piston chamber and the second piston chamber; the compensation unit includes a feedback rod 401 and a compensation member 406, the feedback rod 401 and the compensation member 406 are connected to the valve core 404, and the feedback rod 401 is connected to the valve seat 402. The first end of the feed rod 401 is rotatably connected to the second cylinder body 302, and the second end of the feedback rod 401 is connected to an eccentric shaft 408. The eccentric shaft 408 is located in the shell 8 and is rotatably connected to the shell 8. Two retaining frames 405 are sleeved on the eccentric shaft 408. The two retaining frames 405 are respectively located on both sides of the eccentric shaft 408. The retaining frames 405 are fixedly connected to the eccentric shaft 408. The retaining frame 405 away from the side of the second driving member 409 can push the valve core 404 to move under the drive of the eccentric shaft 408, thereby adjusting the opening size of the channel at the reversing valve 4. The eccentric shaft 408 includes a first shaft section, a second shaft section and a third shaft section connected in sequence, wherein the first shaft section and the third shaft section are coaxially arranged, the second shaft section is eccentrically arranged relative to the first shaft section and the third shaft section, the feedback rod 401, and the retaining frames 405 on both sides are connected to the second shaft section; the eccentric arrangement of the eccentric shaft 408 enables the torque output by the eccentric shaft 408 to be adjusted by the rotation of the eccentric shaft 408. The compensation member 406 can be a structure such as a tension spring. The second driving member 409 can be specifically an electromagnet. When the second driving member 409 is an electromagnet, the reversing valve 4 is an electro-hydraulic proportional servo valve. The change of the inclination angle of the swash plate 202, that is, the change of the displacement of the pump 2, can be achieved through the control of the electro-hydraulic proportional servo valve. The electro-hydraulic proportional servo valve can realize the change of the inclination angle of the swash plate 202 by energizing the electromagnet. The process is smooth and not stuck, and the control of the electro-hydraulic proportional servo valve is efficient and accurate. While improving the reliability of the pump 2, the performance of the hydraulic transmission unit is improved. The working medium plays a lubricating role, so that the inclination angle of the swash plate 202 changes smoothly without sticking, making it easier for the hydraulic transmission unit to achieve the speed change function.

[0042] When the inclination angle of the swash plate 202 needs to be adjusted, the second driving member drives the valve core 404 to move, establishes a corresponding passage, connects the filling unit with the first piston chamber or the second piston chamber, and then drives the second cylinder body 302 to move. The second cylinder body 302 drives the eccentric shaft 408 to rotate through the feedback rod 401, and the eccentric shaft 408 drives the corresponding side retaining frame 405 to move toward the corresponding side direction. The compensation member 406 drives the other side retaining frame 405 to move, and the other side retaining frame 405 pushes the valve core 404 to move, so that a torque balance is formed between the second cylinder body 302 and the compensation member 406, that is, while maintaining the passage of the reversing valve 4 open, the second cylinder body 302 no longer moves.

[0043] Furthermore, the reversing valve 4 is not a necessary structure, and the reversing valve 4 may not be set, and two additional pipelines may be set to connect the outlet of the filling unit with the second inlet and the outlet of the filling unit with the third inlet respectively; and valves for controlling the opening and closing of the pipelines are respectively set on the two pipelines.

[0044] like Figure 5 As shown, the motor 1 in the present invention includes a second transmission shaft 101, a second cylinder body, a second plunger 102, and a second distribution plate 108; the first end of the second transmission shaft 101 extends out of the housing 8 and can be connected to an external power element in a transmission manner; the second cylinder body includes a plurality of second plunger cavities arranged along the circumference of the second cylinder body; the second plunger 102 is arranged to be tilted relative to the axial direction of the second transmission shaft 101, the first end of the second plunger 102 is connected to the second end of the second transmission shaft 101, and the second end of the second plunger 102 is slidably matched with the second plunger cavity; the second distribution plate 108 is located on the side of the second cylinder body away from the second transmission shaft 101, and the second distribution plate 108 is provided with a fourth inlet and a fourth outlet, and the fourth inlet and the fourth outlet are both connected to the second plunger cavity. The angle of the second distribution plate 108 relative to the second transmission shaft 101 can be specifically 40°.

[0045] After the working medium enters the second distribution plate 108 from the outlet of the pump 2 through the inlet of the motor 1, the working medium pushes the second plunger 102 to move in the direction away from the second plunger cavity. Since the second plunger 102 is connected to the second transmission shaft 101, when the second plunger 102 moves in the direction away from the second plunger cavity, the second plunger 102 will abut against the second transmission shaft 101, and the second transmission shaft 101 applies a reaction force to the second plunger 102. The reaction force drives the cylinder body to rotate along the component force perpendicular to the axial direction of the second plunger 102. The cylinder body drives the second transmission shaft 101 to rotate through the third plunger 104, that is, the reciprocating work of the second plunger 102 is converted into the rotation of the second transmission shaft 101. Furthermore, a third plunger 104 that is slidably matched with the second plunger cavity 107 can be set in the middle of the second cylinder body, and the third plunger 104 plays a supporting role.

[0046] like Figure 5 As shown, the motor 1 also includes a pressure plate 103 located on the second transmission shaft 101, through which the pressure plate 103 ensures the contact between the second plunger 102 and the second transmission shaft 101, a first elastic member 105 such as a spring is provided between the third plunger 104 and the second plunger cavity, a first gasket 106 is provided between the first elastic member 105 and the second plunger cavity, and the first elastic member 105 serves to prevent the second transmission shaft 101 from jumping.

[0047] The working medium in this article may specifically be hydraulic oil or other medium that can be used in a hydraulic transmission unit and has a lubricating effect.

[0048] like Figure 3As shown, the hydraulic transmission unit in the present invention further includes a first cover plate 10 and an end cover 9, which are buckled on the outer side of the housing 8. The first cover plate 10, the end cover 9 and the housing 8 are detachably connected. For example, the end cover 9 is provided with a bolt mounting hole connected to the housing 8, and the end cover 9 is also provided with a bolt through hole for mounting the pump 2 and the motor 1. The non-mounting surface or connecting surface outside the end cover 9 and the housing 8 can be set as a rough surface without processing requirements, thereby saving manufacturing costs. The pump 2 and the motor 1 are located in the cavity surrounded by the first cover plate 10, the end cover 9 and the housing 8. The present invention is provided with a medium discharge hole on the end cover 9 and the housing 8, and the medium discharge hole is connected to the cavity surrounded by the first cover plate 10, the end cover 9 and the housing 8. The end cover 9 is also provided with a weight reduction area such as a weight reduction groove to reduce the weight of the end cover 9 and reduce production costs. The weight reduction area is arranged to avoid the bolt mounting hole, which ensures that there is enough operating space when the end cover 9 and the housing 8 are disassembled.

[0049] The present invention controls the pressure loss of hydraulic oil and other working media in the channel by controlling the size of the windows respectively provided on the first cylinder body 207 and the second cylinder body and connected to the first distribution plate 208 and the second distribution plate 108, thereby ensuring that the pressure of the liquid entering the first cylinder body 207 and the second cylinder body is greater than the vaporization pressure of the liquid, thereby avoiding vibration and noise caused by cavitation and avoiding damage to parts caused by cavitation; at the same time, the present invention is also provided with two oil replenishing ports MA and MB, through which the first piston chamber and the second piston chamber of the variable piston 3 can be replenished with oil.

[0050] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a relief valve 6 is provided in the channel, and the relief valve 6 plays the role of overload protection, flow stabilization, unloading and safety protection when the working medium pressure in the channel is too high. Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 8As shown, the present invention is provided with a flushing valve 7 at the inlet and outlet of the motor 1 and the inside of the shell 8. The flushing valve 7 may specifically include a first valve core 701 and a first valve seat. The first valve core 701 is movably arranged in the first valve seat. Both ends of the first valve core 701 are sleeved with return members 703 such as springs. A second gasket 702 is provided between the return member 703 and the first valve core 701, and a sealing member such as a screw plug 704 is provided between the first valve core 701 and the first valve seat. A switch valve core 705 is provided at the outlet of the flow channel connected to the first valve core 701. The switch valve core 705 is slidably matched with the second valve seat, and a fourth elastic member 706 such as a spring is provided between the switch valve core 705 and the second valve seat. When the working medium enters from any inlet on both sides of the first valve seat and pushes the first valve core 701 to move left or right, the passage between the first valve core 701 and the first valve seat is opened, and after the working medium pressure reaches the set value, the switch valve core 705 is pushed to open the passage between the motor 1 and the working medium storage tank, and the excess working medium in the motor 1 can flow into the working medium storage tank; the flushing valve 7 can prevent the problem of excessive working medium temperature in the hydraulic transmission unit during closed circulation use, and can release a small amount of working medium such as oil in time for cooling and filtering.

[0051] In addition, the present invention also provides a vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned hydraulic transmission unit; the vehicle can specifically be multiple devices such as an engine.

[0052] In this article, "and / or" means that the text content before and / or and the text content after and / or can exist at the same time or separately. For example, A and / or B includes the situation where A and B exist at the same time, and the situation where only A or B exists.

[0053] The present invention discloses multiple technical solutions, but the present invention does not provide any contrary technical inspiration.

[0054] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic transmission unit, characterized in that: The hydraulic transmission unit comprises: A housing is provided with a motor and a pump, a channel is formed in the housing, and an outlet of the pump is connected with an inlet of the motor through the channel.

2. The hydraulic transmission unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The channel is arc-shaped; and / or, an arc transition portion is provided at the corner of the channel.

3. The hydraulic transmission unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: An overflow valve is provided in the passage; And / or, at least one of the motor and the pump is a variable displacement structure; And / or, a weight reduction area is provided on the shell.

4. The hydraulic transmission unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pump comprises a first transmission shaft and a swash plate, the first transmission shaft is provided with a first cylinder body and a first distribution plate on its outer sleeve, and the first cylinder body and the first distribution plate are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the first transmission shaft; The swash plate is arranged to be inclined relative to the axial direction of the first transmission shaft; The first cylinder body is fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft, and the first cylinder body includes a plurality of first plunger cavities arranged along the circumference of the first transmission shaft, a first plunger is arranged in the first plunger cavity, the first plunger is arranged to avoid the first valve plate, a first end of the first plunger is slidably matched with the first plunger cavity, and a second end of the first plunger is slidably matched with the slant plate; The first distribution plate is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet, and the first inlet and the first outlet are both communicated with the first plunger cavity.

5. The hydraulic transmission unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydraulic transmission unit further includes a first driving member, which is drivingly connected to the swash plate, and is used to drive the swash plate to rotate toward and away from the first transmission shaft.

6. The hydraulic transmission unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first driving member includes a variable piston, the variable piston includes a piston rod, the piston rod is fixed in the housing, and the piston rod is outer-mounted with a second cylinder body connected to the first transmission shaft; The second cylinder body can move relative to the piston rod along the axial direction of the piston rod. The second cylinder body has a first piston chamber and a second piston chamber arranged along the axial direction of the piston rod. The first piston chamber and the second piston chamber respectively have a second inlet and a third inlet for the working medium to enter.

7. The hydraulic transmission unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pump also includes a filling unit, in which a working medium is stored. The filling unit is connected to the first piston chamber and the second piston chamber respectively through a reversing valve. The reversing valve is used to switch the connection state between the filling unit and the first piston chamber and the second piston chamber.

8. The hydraulic transmission unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reversing valve comprises a valve core, a valve seat, a second driving member and a compensation unit; The second driving member is used to drive the valve core to move in the valve seat to switch the communication state between the filling unit and the first piston chamber and the second piston chamber; The compensation unit includes a feedback rod and a compensation piece; the first end of the feedback rod is connected to the second cylinder body, the second end of the feedback rod is connected to a retaining frame, and the retaining frame includes a first abutting portion and a second abutting portion respectively connected to two ends of the compensation piece.

9. The hydraulic transmission unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor includes a second transmission shaft, a third cylinder, a second plunger, and a second valve plate; The first end of the second transmission shaft extends out of the housing; The third cylinder body comprises a plurality of second plunger chambers arranged along the circumference of the third cylinder body; The second plunger is arranged to be inclined relative to the axial direction of the second transmission shaft, the first end of the second plunger is connected to the second end of the second transmission shaft, and the second end of the second plunger is slidably matched with the second plunger cavity; The second distribution plate is located on a side of the third cylinder body away from the second transmission shaft. The second distribution plate is provided with a fourth inlet and a fourth outlet. The fourth inlet and the fourth outlet are both communicated with the second plunger cavity.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises the hydraulic transmission unit according to any one of claims 1-9.

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