Wireless passive monitoring system for attitude of slope dangerous rock mass

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a wireless passive monitoring system for the attitude of a slope dangerous rock mass, and the system comprises a sensor module which is used for collecting the state data of the slope dangerous rock mass; the gateway module is used for carrying out remote data interaction with a cloud platform; the main control module is used for processing and deciding the state data acquired by the sensor module and controlling the operation of the gateway module; the storage module is used for storing the state data acquired by the sensor module; and the power supply module is used for performing power supply and management on the sensor module, the gateway module and the main control module. According to the invention, the attitude change of the dangerous rock mass can be monitored for a long time, the attitude angle of the monitored target is calculated in real time, and alarm judgment is accurately made when a disaster occurs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of infrastructure monitoring in mountainous areas, and in particular to a wireless passive monitoring system for the posture of dangerous rock masses on slopes. Background Art

[0002] Complex and harsh geological and climatic conditions, including frequent earthquakes, severe cold weather, strong winds and snow, thin air, and strong solar radiation, make the safety control of railway slope stability an urgent problem to be solved. Due to the influence of special factors such as shallow freeze-thaw, frequent earthquakes, and permafrost degradation, railway slopes are prone to dangerous rock instability, which seriously threatens the safety of railway slopes and becomes a key problem restricting engineering construction and operation and maintenance. Therefore, carrying out slope stability monitoring has become an effective means to prevent and control slope instability.

[0003] However, existing monitoring technologies have disadvantages such as unstable and unreliable performance, high power consumption, low life, easy damage, and inconvenient installation in complex mountainous environments, making them difficult to directly apply to the long-term monitoring and alarm of the posture of dangerous rock masses on mountain slopes. Although monitoring technology based on optical analysis is widely used, problems such as high unit price of equipment, high cost of use, and high maintenance cost still exist. Satellite positioning monitoring technology is limited by weather conditions and the number of ground base stations, and its accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Surface displacement sensors are suitable for surface monitoring with stable structures, but cannot be used for long-term monitoring of dangerous rock masses. Array-type deep displacement monitoring technology has high use and equipment costs for high and steep slopes, and is only used in extremely important areas.

[0004] In recent years, monitoring technology based on gravity acceleration and attitude conversion has gradually matured. Single-point inclinometers perform well in general environments, and are particularly suitable for high-density, large-scale deployment of irregular dangerous rock masses. However, attitude monitoring of dangerous rock masses on mountain railway slopes places higher demands on sensor accuracy, networking, power supply, and long-term reliability. Existing monitoring systems mostly use solar energy + external data collection systems, but this installation method is complex, has high maintenance costs, and is difficult to adapt to mountainous field environments. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a wireless passive monitoring system for the posture of dangerous rock masses on slopes, which can monitor the posture changes of structures over a long period of time, calculate the posture angle of the monitored target in real time, and make accurate alarm judgments when disasters occur.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wireless passive monitoring system for a dangerous rock mass posture on a slope, which includes:

[0007] The sensor module is used to collect status data of dangerous rock masses on the slope.

[0008] Gateway module, used for remote data interaction with the cloud platform.

[0009] The main control module is used to process and make decisions on the status data collected by the sensor module and control the operation of the gateway module.

[0010] The storage module is used to store the status data collected by the sensor module.

[0011] The power supply module is used to supply and manage power to the sensor module, the gateway module and the main control module.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the sensor module includes:

[0013] The three-axis acceleration sensor is used to detect the acceleration changes of dangerous rock masses on the slope and determine their posture and motion state.

[0014] Geomagnetic sensors are used to detect changes in the geomagnetic field and provide information about the environment around dangerous rock masses on slopes.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein:

[0016] The three-axis acceleration sensor reads the acceleration value once every sampling period T1.

[0017] If the acceleration value read is greater than 0, it is determined that the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is moving, and the sampling period is adjusted to T2.

[0018] When the acceleration value is read and returns to 0, it is determined that the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is stationary, and the angular offset of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is calculated.

[0019] If the angle offset exceeds the threshold, the system enters an alarm state and continues to collect the acceleration value at sampling period T2, calculates the angle offset and uploads it to the cloud platform until the number of warnings exceeds the threshold or the power is exhausted.

[0020] Its technical effect is: by reading the acceleration value every 30 seconds, judging the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope as dynamic or static according to the read value, it can realize real-time dynamic monitoring, timely reflect the changes in the movement state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope, and discover the activity of the slope as early as possible. When the acceleration value returns to 0, the system judges that the dangerous rock mass on the slope is static and calculates the angle offset of the slope. By monitoring and analyzing the angle offset of the slope, it can be judged whether there are abnormal conditions such as inclination or displacement on the slope, so as to take corresponding protective measures in time. When the angle offset exceeds the threshold, the system enters the alarm state and continues to collect acceleration values ​​with a sampling period of 2 seconds, calculates the angle offset and uploads it to the cloud platform, which helps to timely discover the abnormal state of the slope, and warns relevant personnel in advance, so as to take timely and effective measures to protect the safety of the surrounding environment and reduce the occurrence of disasters. According to the state changes of the dangerous rock mass on the slope, the system can automatically adjust the sampling period to achieve energy consumption optimization. In the static state, the sampling period is 30 seconds, which can reduce energy consumption and extend the battery life of the system. In the dynamic state, the sampling period is shortened to 2 seconds, which improves the frequency and accuracy of data collection. This energy-optimized design helps the system to operate stably for a long time and provide continuous monitoring services for dangerous rock masses on the slope.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the sensor module further includes:

[0022] The ball switch unit is used to detect the posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope in real time. Once the ball switch unit is triggered, the posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is abnormal and enters an alarm state.

[0023] The technical effect is that the combination of the ball switch unit and the triaxial acceleration sensor can realize multi-dimensional monitoring of the posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope. The triaxial acceleration sensor is used to detect acceleration changes and provide posture information; the ball switch unit is used to detect posture abnormalities in real time. Combining the data of the two, the posture state of the slope can be more comprehensively understood, and the accuracy and reliability of slope monitoring can be improved.

[0024] In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein:

[0025] The ball switch unit includes a first ball switch and a second ball switch.

[0026] The first roller switch and the second roller switch both adopt a 45° tilt angle mode.

[0027] The first ball switch is at an angle of 60° relative to the circuit board of the system. When the installation angle of the circuit board of the system is at an angle of 0° to 30° with the horizontal plane, the first ball switch is activated.

[0028] The second ball switch is at an angle of 30° relative to the circuit board of the system. When the installation angle of the circuit board of the system is at an angle of 60° to 90° with the horizontal plane, the second ball switch is activated.

[0029] When the circuit board installation angle of the system is 30° to 60° with the horizontal plane, the first ball switch and the second ball switch are activated at the same time.

[0030] The technical effect is that according to the angle setting between the ball switch and the system circuit board, posture detection in multiple installation angle ranges can be achieved to meet the monitoring needs of different slope inclination angles.

[0031] In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein:

[0032] The ball switch state is read in real time, and when the first ball switch and / or the second ball switch is triggered, a switch abnormality alarm state is entered, and the sampling period of the three-axis acceleration sensor is adjusted to T2.

[0033] When the acceleration value is read and returns to 0, it is determined that the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is stationary, and the angular offset of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is calculated.

[0034] If the angle offset exceeds the threshold, the system enters an alarm state and continues to collect the acceleration value at sampling period T2, calculates the angle offset and uploads it to the cloud platform until the number of warnings exceeds the threshold or the power is exhausted.

[0035] Its technical effect is: by reading the ball switch status in real time, when the first ball switch and / or the second ball switch is triggered, the system enters the switch abnormal alarm state, and can timely detect the abnormal posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope, such as the inclination and displacement of the slope.

[0036] In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a sixth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein:

[0037] The geomagnetic sensor adopts a three-axis geomagnetic sensor, including an X-axis sensor element, a Y-axis sensor element and a Z-axis sensor element, which are respectively used to measure the geomagnetic field in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions.

[0038] The X-axis sensor element, the Y-axis sensor element, and the Z-axis sensor element all use Hall elements to measure the geomagnetic field.

[0039] Each of the Hall elements is connected to the main control module.

[0040] In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the gateway module includes:

[0041] The 4G unit includes a 4G chip and a 4G antenna.

[0042] A GPRS unit comprises a GPRS chip and a GPRS antenna.

[0043] A LoRa unit, wherein the LoRa unit includes a LoRa chip and a LoRa antenna.

[0044] A Bluetooth unit includes a Bluetooth chip and a Bluetooth antenna.

[0045] In combination with the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an eighth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the main control module adopts a single-chip main control chip.

[0046] The storage module adopts SPI Flash storage chip.

[0047] In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a ninth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the power module includes:

[0048] The battery, as an energy source, adopts a rechargeable battery.

[0049] Power management unit for charging management, battery protection and power distribution.

[0050] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for wireless passive monitoring of the posture of a dangerous rock mass on a slope, which includes:

[0051] Collect status data of dangerous rock mass on slope.

[0052] Remote data interaction with the cloud platform.

[0053] Process and make decisions on the status data collected by the sensor module to control the operation of the gateway module.

[0054] The status data collected by the sensor module is stored.

[0055] Power is supplied and managed to the sensor module, the gateway module and the main control module.

[0056] In combination with the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation of the second aspect, wherein:

[0057] The acceleration changes of the dangerous rock mass on the slope are detected by a three-axis acceleration sensor to determine its posture and motion state.

[0058] The geomagnetic sensor detects the changes in the geomagnetic field and provides information about the environment around the dangerous rock mass on the slope.

[0059] The posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is detected in real time through the ball switch unit. Once the ball switch unit is triggered, the posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is abnormal and enters an alarm state.

[0060] In combination with the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation of the second aspect, wherein:

[0061] The three-axis acceleration sensor reads the acceleration value once every sampling period T1.

[0062] If the acceleration value read is greater than 0, it is determined that the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is moving, and the sampling period is adjusted to T2.

[0063] When the acceleration value is read and returns to 0, it is determined that the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is stationary, and the angular offset of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is calculated.

[0064] If the angle offset exceeds the threshold, the system enters an alarm state and continues to collect the acceleration value at sampling period T2, calculates the angle offset and uploads it until the number of warnings exceeds the threshold or the power is exhausted.

[0065] In combination with the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a third possible implementation of the second aspect, wherein:

[0066] The ball switch unit includes a first ball switch and a second ball switch.

[0067] The first roller switch and the second roller switch both adopt a 45° tilt angle mode.

[0068] The first ball switch is at an angle of 60° relative to the circuit board of the system. When the installation angle of the circuit board of the system is at an angle of 0° to 30° with the horizontal plane, the first ball switch is activated.

[0069] The second ball switch is at an angle of 30° relative to the circuit board of the system. When the installation angle of the circuit board of the system is at an angle of 60° to 90° with the horizontal plane, the second ball switch is activated.

[0070] When the circuit board installation angle of the system is 30° to 60° with the horizontal plane, the first ball switch and the second ball switch are activated at the same time.

[0071] In combination with the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation of the second aspect, wherein:

[0072] The ball switch state is read in real time, and when the first ball switch and / or the second ball switch is triggered, a switch abnormality alarm state is entered, and the sampling period of the three-axis acceleration sensor is adjusted to T2.

[0073] When the acceleration value is read and returns to 0, it is determined that the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is stationary, and the angular offset of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is calculated.

[0074] If the angle offset exceeds the threshold, the system enters an alarm state and continues to collect the acceleration value at sampling period T2, calculates the angle offset and uploads it until the number of warnings exceeds the threshold or the power is exhausted.

[0075] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are:

[0076] The present invention provides a wireless passive monitoring system for the posture of dangerous rock masses on slopes. A three-axis acceleration sensor is used to detect the acceleration change of dangerous rock masses on slopes, and a geomagnetic sensor is used to monitor the change of geomagnetic field. The posture information of dangerous rock masses on slopes can be obtained in real time, which is helpful to timely identify the motion state and angle offset of dangerous rock masses on slopes.

[0077] The present invention conducts remote data interaction with the cloud platform through the gateway module, uploads the status data collected by the sensor module to the cloud platform, and the main control module processes and makes decisions on the collected data. It can monitor the status changes of the dangerous rock mass on the slope in real time, and issue alarms and warnings according to preset thresholds, so as to take timely measures to prevent the occurrence of dangerous events.

[0078] The present invention adopts a ball switch unit to detect the posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope. Different ball switch combinations can be used to achieve detection within different angle ranges, adapt to the installation angle and posture changes of different dangerous rock masses on the slope, and improve the flexibility and accuracy of monitoring.

[0079] The present invention supplies and manages power to the sensor module, gateway module and main control module through a power module, adopts a rechargeable battery as an energy source, and the power management unit can perform charging management, battery protection and power distribution, effectively extending the service life of the system and improving stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0080] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0081] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wireless passive monitoring system for the dangerous rock mass posture on the slope of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 2 It is a working logic diagram of the sensor module of the wireless passive monitoring system for the dangerous rock mass posture on the slope of the present invention;

[0083] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure framework of the wireless passive monitoring system for the posture of dangerous rock mass on slope of the present invention;

[0084] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the installation structure of the gateway module and the sensor module of the wireless passive monitoring system for the posture of dangerous rock mass on slope of the present invention.

[0085] In the figure: 1-gateway module; 2-sensor module; 3-dangerous rock mass. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0086] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0087] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 The first embodiment of the present invention provides a wireless passive monitoring system for the posture of dangerous rock masses on slopes, which includes: a sensor module for collecting status data of dangerous rock masses on slopes; a gateway module for remote data interaction with a cloud platform; a main control module for processing and making decisions on the status data collected by the sensor module and controlling the operation of the gateway module; a storage module for storing the status data collected by the sensor module; and a power supply module for supplying and managing power to the sensor module, the gateway module and the main control module.

[0088] The sensor module includes: a three-axis acceleration sensor for detecting the acceleration change of the dangerous rock mass on the slope and judging its posture and motion state; a geomagnetic sensor for detecting the change of the geomagnetic field and providing information about the surrounding environment of the dangerous rock mass on the slope.

[0089] Specifically, the gateway module and sensor module installation structure of the wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slope of the present invention are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the sensor modules 2 are respectively installed on the corresponding dangerous rock bodies 3, and the gateway module 1 is connected to each of the sensor modules 2.

[0090] Specifically, the triaxial acceleration sensor uses a MEMS sensor. For the posture monitoring of dangerous rock masses on slopes, traditional monitoring solutions emphasize posture accuracy and combine multiple additional sensors for multivariate settlement. In some cases, such as geological disaster monitoring, people are often more concerned about reaction speed rather than accuracy. Therefore, how to balance low power consumption and accuracy while improving reaction speed has become the focus.

[0091] MEMS sensors have very good accuracy and stability, but their power consumption makes it impossible to keep them turned on for a long time. The collection period often needs to be set to tens of seconds or minutes, and when calculating angle values ​​through MEMS sensors, only static stable data can be calculated. For example, if the target changes slowly and exceeds the threshold, the dynamic data is invalid for calculating the attitude angle. Therefore, when a geological disaster occurs, the monitoring system will be unable to respond and alarm in time when it vibrates, falls, or rolls violently, and it is also unable to accurately determine whether the current state exceeds the threshold. Therefore, by deploying a ball switch unit for auxiliary activation on the sensor, the sensor device is usually in a dormant state to be activated, and data is collected when it is active to minimize battery consumption.

[0092] Among them, Figure 2 As shown, the three-axis acceleration sensor reads the acceleration value once every sampling period T1, where T1 is 30 seconds; if the acceleration value read is greater than 0, it is judged that the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is dynamic, and the sampling period is adjusted to T2, where T2 is 2 seconds; when the acceleration value read returns to 0, it is judged that the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is static, and the angular offset of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is calculated; if the angular offset exceeds the threshold, it enters the alarm state, and continues to collect the acceleration value with the sampling period T2, calculates the angular offset and uploads it to the cloud platform, until the number of warnings exceeds the threshold or the power is consumed.

[0093] Its technical effect is: by reading the acceleration value every 30 seconds, judging the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope as dynamic or static according to the read value, it can realize real-time dynamic monitoring, timely reflect the changes in the movement state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope, and discover the activity of the slope as early as possible. When the acceleration value returns to 0, the system judges that the dangerous rock mass on the slope is static and calculates the angle offset of the slope. By monitoring and analyzing the angle offset of the slope, it can be judged whether there are abnormal conditions such as inclination or displacement on the slope, so as to take corresponding protective measures in time. When the angle offset exceeds the threshold, the system enters the alarm state and continues to collect acceleration values ​​with a sampling period of 2 seconds, calculates the angle offset and uploads it to the cloud platform, which helps to timely discover the abnormal state of the slope, and warns relevant personnel in advance, so as to take timely and effective measures to protect the safety of the surrounding environment and reduce the occurrence of disasters. According to the state changes of the dangerous rock mass on the slope, the system can automatically adjust the sampling period to achieve energy consumption optimization. In the static state, the sampling period is 30 seconds, which can reduce energy consumption and extend the battery life of the system. In the dynamic state, the sampling period is shortened to 2 seconds, which improves the frequency and accuracy of data collection. This energy-optimized design helps the system to operate stably for a long time and provide continuous monitoring services for dangerous rock masses on the slope.

[0094] The sensor module further comprises: a ball switch unit for detecting the posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope in real time. Once the ball switch unit is triggered, the posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is abnormal and enters an alarm state.

[0095] The technical effect is that the combination of the ball switch unit and the triaxial acceleration sensor can realize multi-dimensional monitoring of the posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope. The triaxial acceleration sensor is used to detect acceleration changes and provide posture information; the ball switch unit is used to detect posture abnormalities in real time. Combining the data of the two, the posture state of the slope can be more comprehensively understood, and the accuracy and reliability of slope monitoring can be improved.

[0096] Among them, the ball switch unit includes a first ball switch and a second ball switch; the first ball switch and the second ball switch both adopt a 45° inclination mode; the first ball switch is at an angle of 60° relative to the system's circuit board, and when the system's circuit board installation angle is at an angle of 0° to 30° with the horizontal plane, the first ball switch is enabled; the second ball switch is at an angle of 30° relative to the system's circuit board, and when the system's circuit board installation angle is at an angle of 60° to 90° with the horizontal plane, the second ball switch is enabled; when the system's circuit board installation angle is at an angle of 30° to 60° with the horizontal plane, the first ball switch and the second ball switch are enabled at the same time.

[0097] The circuit board of the system integrates components such as the main control module, sensor module, gateway module, storage module, power module, etc., and provides circuits and interfaces for connecting and supporting these components.

[0098] The technical effect is that according to the angle setting between the ball switch and the system circuit board, posture detection in multiple installation angle ranges can be achieved to meet the monitoring needs of different slope inclination angles.

[0099] Among them, Figure 2 As shown, the ball switch status is read in real time. When the first ball switch and / or the second ball switch is triggered, the switch abnormality alarm state is entered, and the sampling period of the three-axis acceleration sensor is adjusted to T2; when the acceleration value read returns to 0, the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is judged to be static, and the angular offset of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is calculated; if the angular offset exceeds the threshold, the alarm state is entered, and the acceleration value is continued to be collected with the sampling period T2, the angular offset is calculated and uploaded to the cloud platform, until the number of warnings exceeds the threshold or the power is consumed.

[0100] Its technical effect is: by reading the ball switch status in real time, when the first ball switch and / or the second ball switch is triggered, the system enters the switch abnormal alarm state, and can timely detect the abnormal posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope, such as the inclination and displacement of the slope.

[0101] Among them, the geomagnetic sensor adopts a three-axis geomagnetic sensor, including an X-axis sensor element, a Y-axis sensor element and a Z-axis sensor element, which are respectively used to measure the geomagnetic field in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions; the X-axis sensor element, the Y-axis sensor element and the Z-axis sensor element all use Hall elements to measure the geomagnetic field; each of the Hall elements is connected to the main control module.

[0102] The gateway module includes: a 4G unit, which includes a 4G chip and a 4G antenna; a GPRS unit, which includes a GPRS chip and a GPRS antenna; a LoRa unit, which includes a LoRa chip and a LoRa antenna; and a Bluetooth unit, which includes a Bluetooth chip and a Bluetooth antenna.

[0103] Specifically, the use of LoRa technology as a wireless communication technology can not only achieve ultra-long-distance transmission of several kilometers, but also has extremely low power consumption requirements, short startup time, and early warning information sending time of milliseconds. It achieves the unity of low power consumption and long distance, and the communication distance is expanded by 3 to 5 times compared with traditional wireless radio frequency. When the local wireless network is abnormal, such as network failure caused by abnormal gateway equipment, it can still actively switch to the 4G network and upload data by itself. The LoRa unit adopts a star networking method, and routing relay nodes can be designed to be added. The upper limit of the single-band network node capacity is 100, and the communication distance can reach 1 kilometer.

[0104] Wherein, the main control module adopts a single-chip microcomputer main control chip.

[0105] Among them, the microcontroller main control chip is an integrated circuit chip, which contains important components such as the central processing unit (CPU), memory (such as RAM and ROM), input / output interface, etc. It has the ability to process and execute program instructions, and perform data processing, logical judgment, algorithm calculation and other operations.

[0106] Specifically, the MCU main control chip receives the slope dangerous rock mass status data collected by the sensor module, and processes and analyzes the data according to the preset algorithm and logic to extract useful information, such as attitude angle, tilt degree, etc. By controlling the gateway module, data is exchanged with the cloud platform or other remote devices, and the processed status data is transmitted to the remote terminal to realize real-time monitoring and data transmission functions. It is also responsible for managing the working status of the entire system, including power supply control, timing control and error handling of the sensor module and gateway module.

[0107] The storage module adopts SPI Flash storage chip.

[0108] Specifically, SPI Flash is a non-volatile memory, which means that the data stored in it will not be lost even in the event of a power outage or system restart. For the slope rock mass posture monitoring system, it can ensure the persistent storage of the collected status data in the event of a power outage or other abnormal conditions.

[0109] SPI Flash memory chips usually have a large storage capacity and can store a large amount of state data. The specific capacity can be selected according to system requirements to meet the requirements for data storage.

[0110] SPI Flash communicates with the main control module through the SPI interface. The SPI interface is a serial communication interface that can perform high-speed data transmission in a short time. Through the SPI interface, the main control module can interact with the storage module, including writing and reading the collected slope dangerous rock state data.

[0111] Wherein, the power module includes: a battery, which is a rechargeable battery as an energy source.

[0112] Specifically, rechargeable batteries have high energy density and long service life and can provide a stable power supply for the system, such as lithium-ion batteries.

[0113] Power management unit for charging management, battery protection and power distribution.

[0114] Specifically, the power management unit monitors the power level of the battery, controls the charging process of the battery as needed, and properly charges the battery through the charging circuit to ensure that the battery is always in a sufficient power state when the system needs it.

[0115] The power management unit has a battery protection function, which is used to monitor battery parameters such as voltage, current and temperature to ensure that the battery operates within a safe range. When the battery voltage is too high or too low, the current is too large or the temperature is abnormal, the power management unit will take corresponding protection measures, such as cutting off the battery power supply or issuing an alarm.

[0116] The power management unit is responsible for distributing the power provided by the battery to various components such as the sensor module, gateway module and main control module, and adjusting the power consumption of different modules as needed to achieve optimized energy management and extend the system operation time.

[0117] The second embodiment of the present invention provides a wireless passive monitoring method for the posture of dangerous rock masses on slopes, which includes: collecting status data of dangerous rock masses on slopes; remotely interacting with a cloud platform for data; processing and making decisions on the status data collected by the sensor module, and controlling the operation of the gateway module; storing the status data collected by the sensor module; and supplying and managing power to the sensor module, the gateway module, and the main control module.

[0118] Among them, the acceleration change of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is detected by a three-axis acceleration sensor to determine its posture and motion state; the change of the geomagnetic field is detected by a geomagnetic sensor to provide information about the surrounding environment of the dangerous rock mass on the slope; the posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is detected in real time by a ball switch unit. Once the ball switch unit is triggered, the posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is abnormal and enters an alarm state.

[0119] Among them, the three-axis acceleration sensor reads the acceleration value once every sampling period of T1, where T1 is 30 seconds; if the acceleration value read is greater than 0, the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is judged to be dynamic, and the sampling period is adjusted to T2, where T2 is 2 seconds; when the acceleration value read returns to 0, the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is judged to be static, and the angular offset of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is calculated; if the angular offset exceeds the threshold, the alarm state is entered, and the acceleration value continues to be collected with the sampling period T2, the angular offset is calculated and uploaded, until the number of warnings exceeds the threshold or the power is consumed.

[0120] Among them, the ball switch unit includes a first ball switch and a second ball switch; the first ball switch and the second ball switch both adopt a 45° inclination mode; the first ball switch is at an angle of 60° relative to the system's circuit board, and when the system's circuit board installation angle is at an angle of 0° to 30° with the horizontal plane, the first ball switch is enabled; the second ball switch is at an angle of 30° relative to the system's circuit board, and when the system's circuit board installation angle is at an angle of 60° to 90° with the horizontal plane, the second ball switch is enabled; when the system's circuit board installation angle is at an angle of 30° to 60° with the horizontal plane, the first ball switch and the second ball switch are enabled at the same time.

[0121] Among them, the ball switch status is read in real time. When the first ball switch and / or the second ball switch is triggered, the switch abnormality alarm state is entered, and the sampling period of the three-axis acceleration sensor is adjusted to T2; when the acceleration value read returns to 0, the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is judged to be static, and the angular offset of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is calculated; if the angular offset exceeds the threshold, the alarm state is entered, and the acceleration value is continued to be collected with the sampling period T2, and the angular offset is calculated and uploaded until the number of warnings exceeds the threshold or the power is consumed.

[0122] The computer program product of the wireless passive monitoring system and method for the posture of dangerous rock masses on slopes provided in the embodiments of the present invention includes a computer-readable storage medium storing program code. The instructions included in the program code can be used to execute the methods in the previous method embodiments. The specific implementation can be found in the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0123] Specifically, the storage medium can be a general storage medium, such as a mobile disk, a hard disk, etc. When the computer program on the storage medium is run, it can execute the above-mentioned wireless passive monitoring method for the posture of dangerous rock masses on the slope, thereby enabling long-term monitoring of the posture changes of the structure, real-time calculation of the posture angle of the monitoring target, and accurate alarm judgment when a disaster occurs.

[0124] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that is executable by a processor. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0125] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementations of the present invention, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above-described embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that any technician familiar with the technical field can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above-described embodiments within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, or can easily think of changes, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slope, characterized in that: include: Sensor module, used to collect status data of dangerous rock mass on slope; Gateway module, used for remote data interaction with the cloud platform; A main control module, used to process and make decisions on the status data collected by the sensor module and control the operation of the gateway module; A storage module, used for storing the status data collected by the sensor module; The power supply module is used to supply and manage power to the sensor module, the gateway module and the main control module.

2. The wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slope according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sensor module comprises: The three-axis acceleration sensor is used to detect the acceleration change of the dangerous rock mass on the slope and determine its posture and motion state; Geomagnetic sensors are used to detect changes in the geomagnetic field and provide information about the environment around dangerous rock masses on slopes.

3. The wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slope according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The three-axis acceleration sensor reads the acceleration value once every sampling period T1; If the acceleration value read is greater than 0, the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is judged to be dynamic, and the sampling period is adjusted to T2; When the acceleration value is read and returns to 0, it is determined that the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is stationary, and the angle offset of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is calculated; If the angle offset exceeds the threshold, the system enters an alarm state and continues to collect the acceleration value at sampling period T2, calculates the angle offset and uploads it to the cloud platform until the number of warnings exceeds the threshold or the power is exhausted.

4. The wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slope according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The sensor module further comprises: The ball switch unit is used to detect the posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope in real time. Once the ball switch unit is triggered, the posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is abnormal and enters an alarm state.

5. The wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slope according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The ball switch unit includes a first ball switch and a second ball switch; The first roller switch and the second roller switch both adopt a 45° tilt mode; The first ball switch is at an angle of 60° relative to the circuit board of the system, and the first ball switch is activated when the installation angle of the circuit board of the system is at an angle of 0° to 30° with the horizontal plane; The second ball switch is at an angle of 30° relative to the circuit board of the system, and when the installation angle of the circuit board of the system is at an angle of 60° to 90° with the horizontal plane, the second ball switch is activated; When the installation angle of the circuit board of the system is 30° to 60° with the horizontal plane, the first ball switch and the second ball switch are activated at the same time.

6. The wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slope according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Read the state of the ball switch in real time, and when the first ball switch and / or the second ball switch is triggered, enter the switch abnormality alarm state, and adjust the sampling period of the three-axis acceleration sensor to T2; When the acceleration value is read and returns to 0, it is determined that the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is stationary, and the angle offset of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is calculated; If the angle offset exceeds the threshold, the system enters an alarm state and continues to collect the acceleration value at sampling period T2, calculates the angle offset and uploads it to the cloud platform until the number of warnings exceeds the threshold or the power is exhausted.

7. The wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slope according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The geomagnetic sensor adopts a three-axis geomagnetic sensor, including an X-axis sensor element, a Y-axis sensor element and a Z-axis sensor element, which are used to measure the geomagnetic field in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions respectively; The X-axis sensor element, the Y-axis sensor element and the Z-axis sensor element all use Hall elements to measure the geomagnetic field; Each of the Hall elements is connected to the main control module.

8. The wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slope according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gateway module comprises: A 4G unit, wherein the 4G unit includes a 4G chip and a 4G antenna; A GPRS unit, wherein the GPRS unit comprises a GPRS chip and a GPRS antenna; A LoRa unit, wherein the LoRa unit includes a LoRa chip and a LoRa antenna; A Bluetooth unit includes a Bluetooth chip and a Bluetooth antenna.

9. The wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slope according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The main control module adopts a single-chip main control chip; The storage module adopts SPI Flash storage chip.

10. The wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power module comprises: Battery, as an energy source, uses a rechargeable battery; Power management unit for charging management, battery protection and power distribution.

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