Self-powered wind and rain detection device based on friction nanometer generator

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sensors, in particular to a self-powered wind and rain detection device based on a friction nanometer generator, which comprises a mounting rack, a wireless communication module and an upper host, the mounting rack is provided with a rainfall detection self-driven sensor, a wind direction detection self-driven sensor and a wind speed detection self-driven sensor from top to bottom in the height direction. Environmental energy is utilized to directly drive the friction nanometer generator to generate electric power, the rainfall detection self-driven sensor directly converts the collected raindrop sliding friction into electric energy and monitors rainfall, and the wind direction detection self-driven sensor and the wind speed detection self-driven sensor can directly convert wind energy into electric energy. And the wind direction and the wind speed are respectively monitored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sensors, and in particular to a self-powered wind and rain detection device based on a friction nanogenerator. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern industry and information industry, accurate environmental monitoring has become particularly important in order to better cope with the impact of climate change. Traditional environmental monitoring systems mostly monitor data through environmental detection equipment, such as rainfall detection equipment, wind speed detection equipment, etc. These electronic devices require external power supply or regular replacement of batteries to maintain operation, and as the number of these devices deployed in the application process gradually increases, the number of power supplies or power supply batteries required is also increasing proportionally, which not only increases the maintenance cost, but also may affect the continuity and reliability of monitoring data due to unstable power supply terminals. For some uninhabited islands, remote mountainous areas or extreme environmental locations, the limitations of traditional environmental monitoring systems are more obvious. On the one hand, the deployment location of each device, installation wiring, etc., all increase the difficulty of manual operation; on the other hand, relying on power supply or battery to power the equipment, long-distance transmission of electricity causes waste of resources, and the disposal of waste batteries also causes certain damage to the environment. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a self-powered wind and rain detection device based on a friction nanogenerator, comprising a mounting frame, a wireless communication module and a host computer, wherein the mounting frame is provided with a self-driving sensor for detecting rainfall, a self-driving sensor for detecting wind direction and a self-driving sensor for detecting wind speed from top to bottom in the height direction, wherein the self-driving sensor for detecting rainfall, the self-driving sensor for detecting wind direction and the self-driving sensor for detecting wind speed are electrically connected to the wireless communication module respectively, and the wireless communication module is wirelessly connected to the host computer;

[0004] The rain detection self-driven sensor is used for rain detection by friction nano-generation and transmits the output voltage of friction nano-generation to the wireless communication module;

[0005] The wind speed detection self-driven sensor is used for wind speed detection by friction nano-power generation, and transmits the voltage pulse frequency generated by friction nano-power generation to the wireless communication module;

[0006] The wind direction detection self-driven sensor is used to detect the wind direction by rotating the upper disk to the wind direction and performing friction nano-generation with the lower disk, and to move charges according to the metal conductive layer of the upper disk and the dielectric layers of different positions and numbers in each wind direction of the lower disk, to generate a combination of electrical signal states corresponding to each wind direction, and transmit the combination of electrical signal states to the wireless communication module;

[0007] The wireless communication module is used to receive signal data transmitted by the rainfall detection self-driven sensor, the wind speed detection self-driven sensor and the wind direction detection self-driven sensor, and transmit the signal data to the upper host;

[0008] The upper host is used to receive the signal data transmitted by the wireless communication module to perform signal processing and determine the rainfall, wind speed and wind direction detection information.

[0009] In a specific embodiment, the rainfall detection self-driven sensor includes a polytetrafluoroethylene film, a copper tape and an acrylic plate, wherein the acrylic plate is located at the bottom layer, and the copper tape and the polytetrafluoroethylene film are sequentially arranged upward along the upper side of the acrylic plate, and the polytetrafluoroethylene film and the copper tape are electrically connected.

[0010] The wind direction detection self-driven sensor comprises an upper disc and a lower disc, wherein the upper disc is coaxially arranged with the lower disc, and the lower surface of the upper disc is in contact with the upper surface of the lower disc; the lower surface of the upper disc is sequentially arranged with n upper copper rings in a direction away from the center of the circle in the diameter direction; the upper surface of the lower disc is divided into two circumferential directions around the center of the circle n There are fan-shaped areas, and each fan-shaped area is provided with a lower copper ring, the arrangement mode and number of the lower copper rings in each fan-shaped area are unique, and the number is 0 to n; a polytetrafluoroethylene film is provided on the upper side of the lower copper ring, and the polytetrafluoroethylene film corresponds to the number of the positions of the lower copper rings.

[0011] The wind speed detection self-driven sensor comprises a thermoplastic film, a copper tape and a polytetrafluoroethylene film; the polytetrafluoroethylene film is an intermediate layer, and the copper tape and the thermoplastic film are arranged on two sides thereof in sequence.

[0012] In order to detect wind speed and corresponding wind direction, the mounting frame includes a connecting shaft arranged vertically to the ground, the middle part of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the self-driven sensor for wind speed detection; the end of the connecting shaft away from the ground is rotatably connected to the self-driven sensor for wind direction detection.

[0013] In a specific implementation, the lower disc in the wind direction detection self-driven sensor is fixed, and the axis of the upper disc is connected to the connecting shaft and rotates along the circumferential direction following the connecting shaft.

[0014] The upper host includes a rainfall detection module, a wind speed detection module and a wind direction detection module;

[0015] The rainfall detection module is used to obtain the output voltage value of the rainfall detection self-driving sensor, and determine the rainfall data corresponding to the output voltage value according to the standard voltage value of the contact area of ​​the rainfall detection self-driving sensor under different rainfall levels per unit time;

[0016] The wind speed detection module is used to obtain the frequency of the voltage signal transmitted by the wind speed detection self-driving sensor to determine the actual wind speed;

[0017] The wind direction detection module obtains the electrical signal state combination output by the wind direction detection self-driving sensor, compares it with the electrical signal mark comparison table, and determines the wind direction.

[0018] The wind direction detection module compares the output electrical signal state combination with the electrical signal tag comparison table, and the specific operation is:

[0019] The lower disk of the wind direction detection self-driven sensor is divided into sector-shaped areas in different directions, and metal conductive layers and dielectric layers of different positions and numbers are set in each sector-shaped area;

[0020] Based on the friction power generation between the upper disk and the lower disk, the generated electric signal is marked as 1, and the non-generated electric signal is marked as 0. According to the position and number of the dielectric layers in each sector area of ​​the lower disk, the combination of electric signal states in all directions is determined, and an electric signal mark comparison table is established;

[0021] Obtain the electrical signal state combination generated by the wind direction detection self-driving sensor rotating to the wind direction, and determine the same electrical signal state combination in the electrical signal mark comparison table, where the direction in the electrical signal mark comparison table is the detected wind direction.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The present invention is a self-powered wind and rain detection device based on a friction nanogenerator. By using environmental energy (raindrops and wind) to directly drive the friction nanogenerator to generate electricity, it can not only reduce the dependence of environmental monitoring equipment on traditional power resources, but also use its high voltage sensitivity to improve the continuity and accuracy of data collection. Among them, the rainfall detection self-driven sensor directly converts the collected raindrops into electrical energy and realizes the monitoring of rainfall. The wind direction detection self-driven sensor and the wind speed detection self-driven sensor can directly convert wind energy into electrical energy to respectively monitor the wind direction and wind speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the self-powered wind and rain detection device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 The structural diagram of the self-driven sensor for rainfall detection;

[0025] Figure 3 The working principle diagram of the self-driven sensor for rainfall detection;

[0026] Figure 4 This is the structural diagram of the self-driven sensor for wind direction detection;

[0027] Figure 5 This is the structural diagram of the upper disc and the lower disc;

[0028] Figure 6This is the working principle diagram of the self-driven sensor for wind direction detection;

[0029] Figure 7 This is the structural diagram of the self-driven sensor for wind speed detection;

[0030] Figure 8 This is the working principle diagram of the self-driven sensor for wind speed detection;

[0031] 1. Self-actuated sensor for rainfall detection; 2. Self-actuated sensor for wind direction detection; 3. Self-actuated sensor for wind speed detection; 4. Chassis frame; 5. Support column; 6. Connecting shaft; 7. Top frame; 8. Support plate; 9. Polytetrafluoroethylene film; 10. Copper tape; 11. Acrylic plate; 12. Upper disc; 13. Lower disc; 14. Upper copper ring; 15. Lower copper ring; 16. Thermoplastic film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] See also Figure 1 This embodiment provides a self-powered wind and rain detection device based on a friction nanogenerator, including a mounting frame, a wireless communication module and an upper host. The mounting frame is provided with a self-driven sensor 1 for detecting rainfall, a self-driven sensor 2 for detecting wind direction and a self-driven sensor 3 for detecting wind speed from top to bottom along the height direction. The self-driven sensor 1 for detecting rainfall, the self-driven sensor 2 for detecting wind direction and the self-driven sensor 3 for detecting wind speed are respectively electrically connected to the wireless communication module, and the wireless communication module can receive the detection signals of the respective driving sensors for wireless transmission; the wireless communication module is wirelessly connected to the upper host, and the upper host is located at a remote end and can receive the transmission data of the wireless communication module for remote monitoring. The mounting frame includes a chassis frame 4, a support column 5, a support plate 8, a connecting shaft 6, a bearing and a top frame 7. The chassis frame 4 is fixedly connected to the support plate 8 through the support column 5, and the bearing is installed on the chassis frame 4. The connecting shaft 6 runs through the middle of the support plate 8 and is rotatably connected to the bearing, and its axial direction is along the vertical direction; the upper end of the support plate 8 is fixedly connected to the top frame 7.

[0034] Specifically, the chassis frame 4 is a rectangular structure as a whole, and its four sides are vertically connected to the support columns 5 respectively; one end of the support column 5 away from the chassis frame 4 is fixedly connected to the support plate 8, and the support plate 8 is parallel to the chassis frame 4.

[0035] The center point of the chassis frame 4 is embedded with a bearing, the connecting shaft 6 is perpendicular to the chassis frame 4 and rotates with the bearing, and the end of the connecting shaft 6 away from the bearing passes through the center point of the support plate 8; the wind speed detection self-driving sensor 3 is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 6; the wind direction detection self-driving sensor 2 is located on the upper end surface of the support plate 8 and is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 6;

[0036] The top frame 7 is located on the upper side of the support plate 8 and is fixedly connected to the support plate 8 by bolts; the top frame 7 is an inverted T-shaped structure, and the rainfall detection self-driven sensor 1 is fixedly connected to the top of the top frame 7 and is arranged obliquely downward.

[0037] For rainfall monitoring, see Figure 2 The rainfall detection self-driving sensor 1 is a plate-shaped friction nano-power generation structure, including a polytetrafluoroethylene film 9, a copper tape 10 and an acrylic plate 11. The acrylic plate 11 is located at the bottom layer, and the copper tape 10 and the polytetrafluoroethylene film 9 are arranged in sequence along the upper side of the acrylic plate 11. The polytetrafluoroethylene film 9 and the copper tape 10 are electrically connected through a conductive tape, and the copper tape 10 is grounded. The rainfall detection self-driving sensor 1 is used for friction nano-power generation to detect rainfall, and the output voltage of the friction nano-power generation is transmitted to the wireless communication module. The working mode of the rainfall detection self-driving sensor 1 is single-electrode operation, and the working principle is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, when the raindrops do not touch the plate-shaped friction nanogenerator, the charge is conserved and no current flows out. When the raindrops falling from the air touch the surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene film and slide down, the raindrops will accumulate static charge on its surface due to friction. These charged water droplets will generate a positive potential difference between the copper electrode and the ground electrode when they approach the surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene film 9. At this time, in order to offset this potential difference, electrons will flow from the ground electrode to the copper electrode until the potential difference between the two is completely neutralized and an electric equilibrium state is reached. This process generates a positive current pulse. When the charged water droplets leave the surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene film 9, the electric field environment originally generated by the water droplets is reversed, resulting in a negative potential difference between the copper electrode and the ground electrode. Through the in-and-out cycle of charged droplets, the rain detection self-driven sensor 1 will obtain continuous power output. Moreover, as the amount of rain increases, the accumulated charge will also increase, and its output voltage will also increase accordingly, thereby realizing the monitoring of the amount of rain.

[0038] When the rain detection self-driving sensor 2 detects rain, the greater the rain, the greater the contact area between the raindrop and its plate-shaped friction nano-electricity generation structure, the greater the amount of transferred charge, and the output voltage of the friction power generation also increases. The relationship between the amount of transferred charge and the area in the rain detection self-driving sensor 2 is expressed as follows:

[0039]

[0040] In the formula, Q SC represents the amount of transferred charge; S represents the area; σ is the charge density, x(t) is the distance of the friction surface, and d0 is the effective thickness constant.

[0041] For wind speed monitoring, see Figure 7 The wind speed detection self-driven sensor 3 is a flag-shaped friction nano-power generation structure, including a thermoplastic film 16, a copper tape 10 and a polytetrafluoroethylene film 9, wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene film 9 is an intermediate layer, and the copper tape 10 and the thermoplastic film 16 are respectively arranged on both sides from the inside to the outside, and the polytetrafluoroethylene film 9 is not in contact with the copper tapes 10 on both sides in the original state. The wind speed detection self-driven sensor 3 is used for friction nano-power generation to detect wind speed, and transmits the voltage pulse frequency generated by friction nano-power generation to the wireless communication module.

[0042] like Figure 8 As shown, the working mode of the wind speed detection self-driven sensor 3 is contact separation type power generation. When there is no wind force, the polytetrafluoroethylene film 9 and the copper tape 10 are separated and in the original state. When there is wind force, the wind blows over the surface of the wind speed detection self-driven sensor 3, and the thermoplastic film 16 vibrates under the action of wind force, so that the polytetrafluoroethylene film 9 and the copper tape 10 are in periodic contact. Due to the obvious difference in electronegativity between polytetrafluoroethylene and the copper tape 10, positive friction charges will accumulate on the surface of the copper tape 10, while negative friction charges will be formed on the surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene film. When the polytetrafluoroethylene film is separated from the copper tape 10 again, the accumulated static charge causes friction electrons to flow from one side of the copper tape 10 to the other side of the copper tape 10 through the external circuit, and this process generates a transient current. The potential difference between the upper copper tape 10 and the polytetrafluoroethylene film drives the flow of electrons to achieve a dynamic balance of charge. Then, when the polytetrafluoroethylene film 9 contacts the lower copper tape 10 again, all positive charges are concentrated on the contact point. Subsequently, the wind force causes the polytetrafluoroethylene film and the lower copper tape 10 to separate again. This process causes the electrons to transfer in the opposite direction through the external circuit, forming a reverse transient current. Through the swing of the thermoplastic film 16 under the action of wind force, the wind speed detection self-driven sensor can continuously generate AC output without interruption. According to the principle, when the flag-shaped surface of the wind speed detection self-driven sensor 3 swings once, a positive and a negative pulse output will be generated. If it swings n times, n positive and negative pulse outputs can be obtained. By performing curve fitting on the frequency of the voltage signal and the wind speed, wind speed monitoring can be achieved.

[0043] The specific method of performing curve fitting by the frequency and wind speed of the voltage signal is as follows:

[0044] Connect the positive and negative electrodes of the output end of the wind speed detection self-driven sensor 3 to the data acquisition device to obtain the voltage curve of the positive and negative electrode output in real time;

[0045] Obtain the wind speed value corresponding to the wind speed detection self-driving sensor 3 when detecting by an anemometer;

[0046] The output frequency of the voltage curve is used as the independent variable, and the corresponding wind speed value is used as the dependent variable to perform curve fitting to obtain the polynomial function y=ax 3 +bx 2 +cx+d, where y is the wind speed value, x is the frequency of the voltage signal, and a, b, c, d are coefficients;

[0047] The frequency of the voltage signal newly output by the wind speed detection self-driving sensor 3 is substituted into the polynomial function to calculate the corresponding wind speed.

[0048] When the wind speed detection self-actuated sensor 3 rotates under the action of wind force, it will drive the wind direction detection self-actuated sensor 2 to rotate through the connecting shaft 6. The wind direction detection self-actuated sensor 2 detects the wind direction by rotating the upper disc 12 to the wind direction, and performs friction nano-generation with the lower disc 13. Charges are transferred according to the metal conductive layer of the upper disc 12 and the dielectric layers of different positions and numbers in each wind direction of the lower disc 13, generating a combination of electrical signal states corresponding to each wind direction, and transmitting the combination of electrical signal states to the wireless communication module.

[0049] In order to monitor and confirm the wind direction, the wind direction detection self-driven sensor 2 is a circular friction nano-power generation structure, including an upper disc 12 and a lower disc 13, wherein the upper disc 12 and the lower disc 13 are coaxially arranged, and the lower surface of the upper disc 12 is in contact with the upper surface of the lower disc 13, the metal conductive layer of the upper disc 12 is an upper copper ring 14, the metal conductive layer of the lower disc 13 is a lower ring 15, and the dielectric layer of the lower disc 13 is a polytetrafluoroethylene film 9. Figure 4-Figure 5 As shown, the lower surface of the upper disk 12 is provided with n upper copper rings 14 arranged in sequence along the diameter direction away from the center of the circle. The upper surface of the lower disk 13 is divided into two circumferential directions around the center of the circle. n The upper copper ring 14 of the upper disc 12 forms a friction layer, and the lower copper ring 15 of the lower disc 13 and the polytetrafluoroethylene film 9 form another friction layer, and power generation is performed by rotational friction.

[0050] See also Figure 6The power generation working principle of the wind direction detection self-driven sensor 2 is that the lower copper ring 15 of the lower disk 13 interacts with the polytetrafluoroethylene film 9 covering it, and uses the difference in electronegativity to effectively generate electrostatic energy. The polytetrafluoroethylene film 9 extracts electrons from the copper material by contacting with the lower copper ring 15. The surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene film 9 is negatively charged, and the lower copper ring 15 obtains an equal amount of positive charge. This charge distribution on the polytetrafluoroethylene film 9 is uniform and stable, and can be preserved for a long time. When the upper copper ring 14 of the upper disk 12 is aligned with the polytetrafluoroethylene film 9 of the lower disk 13, due to electrostatic induction, the negative charge of the polytetrafluoroethylene film 9 reaches the maximum value. Subsequently, when the upper disk 12 continues to rotate, the upper copper ring 14 is gradually separated from the polytetrafluoroethylene film 9, and the upper copper ring 14 will gather more positive charges. The positive charges are used to neutralize the negative charges on the polytetrafluoroethylene film 9. This process enhances the charge separation efficiency of the circular friction nanogenerator, thereby improving the power output. When the upper copper ring 14 of the upper disk 12 leaves the polytetrafluoroethylene film 9, its non-conductive area (blank area) is aligned with the polytetrafluoroethylene film 9, and the negative charge on the polytetrafluoroethylene film 9 will completely shield the induced positive charge of the upper copper ring 14, achieving electrostatic balance. When the upper copper ring 14 approaches the polytetrafluoroethylene film 9 again, the positive charge accumulated in the upper copper ring 14 will flow out from the electrode, generating an electrical signal.

[0051] In order to realize the wind direction monitoring and confirmation of the wind direction detection self-driven sensor 2, the lower disc 13 in the wind direction detection self-driven sensor 2 is fixed, and the upper disc 12 is connected to the connecting shaft 6 and rotates along the circumferential direction following the connecting shaft 6. When the wind speed detection self-driven sensor 3 swings to the corresponding wind direction under the action of wind force, the connecting shaft 6 rotates at the same time to drive the upper disc 12 to rotate and generate electricity by friction, and the wind direction is confirmed by comparing the combination of electrical signal states generated by copper rings at different positions with the electrical signal mark comparison table. This application takes the example of setting three upper copper rings 14 on the upper disc 12 of the circular friction nanogenerator for specific explanation. The upper disc 12 is set with three upper copper rings 14, and the corresponding lower disc 13 is divided into 8 fan-shaped areas, and each fan-shaped area represents eight wind directions, namely east, southeast, south, southwest, west, northwest, north, and northeast. The lower disc 13 is provided with lower copper rings 15 and polytetrafluoroethylene films 9 arranged in different ways and quantities in different wind directions. When the upper copper ring 14 of the upper disc 12 is directly opposite to the lower copper ring 15 of the lower disc 13, the friction nano-generation generates an electrical signal and is marked as "1"; when they are completely separated, no electrical signal is generated and it is marked as "0". The three upper copper rings 14 of the upper disc 12 are divided into three channels, and one rotation can generate 8 different electrical signal state combinations, that is, corresponding to eight wind directions. Based on this, an electrical signal mark comparison table is established as shown in the following table.

[0052] Table 1 Electrical signal state combinations corresponding to different wind directions

[0053] wind direction north northeast East southeast South southwest West northwest Channel 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 Channel 2 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 Channel 3 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0

[0054] When the rain detection self-driving sensor 1, the wind speed detection self-driving sensor 3 and the wind direction detection self-driving sensor 2 are performing self-driving detection, on the one hand, they transmit electric energy to the wireless communication module to power it, and on the other hand, they transmit the signal data generated by the self-driving to the wireless communication module. The wireless communication module is used to receive the signal data transmitted by the rain detection self-driving sensor 1, the wind speed detection self-driving sensor 3 and the wind direction detection self-driving sensor 2, and transmit the signal data to the upper host.

[0055] The upper host is used to receive the signal data transmitted by the wireless communication module to perform signal processing and determine the rainfall, wind speed and wind direction detection information.

[0056] In order to detect and confirm the rainfall, wind speed and wind direction, the host computer includes a rainfall detection module, a wind speed detection module and a wind direction detection module:

[0057] The rainfall detection module: obtains the output voltage value of the rainfall detection self-driving sensor 1, and determines the rainfall data corresponding to the output voltage value according to the standard voltage value of the contact area of ​​the rainfall detection self-driving sensor 1 under different rainfall levels per unit time;

[0058] The wind speed detection module is used to obtain the frequency of the voltage signal transmitted by the wind speed detection self-driving sensor 3 to determine the actual wind speed;

[0059] The wind direction detection module obtains the electrical signal state combination output by the wind direction detection self-driving sensor 2, compares it with the electrical signal mark comparison table, and determines the wind direction.

[0060] The wind direction detection module compares the output electrical signal state combination with the electrical signal tag comparison table, and the specific operation is:

[0061] The lower disk 13 of the wind direction detection self-driven sensor 2 is divided into sector-shaped areas in different directions, and metal conductive layers and dielectric layers of different positions and numbers are set for each sector-shaped area;

[0062] Based on the friction power generation between the upper disk 12 and the lower disk 13, the generated electric signal is marked as 1, and the non-generated electric signal is marked as 0. According to the different positions and quantities of the dielectric layers in each sector area of ​​the lower disk 13, the combination of electric signal states in all directions is determined, and an electric signal mark comparison table is established;

[0063] Obtain the electrical signal state combination generated by the wind direction detection self-driving sensor 2 rotating to the wind direction, and determine the same electrical signal state combination in the electrical signal mark comparison table, where the direction in the electrical signal mark comparison table is the detected wind direction.

Claims

1. A self-powered wind and rain monitoring device based on a friction nanogenerator, comprising a mounting frame, a wireless communication module and a host computer, wherein the mounting frame is provided with a self-driving sensor for detecting rainfall, a self-driving sensor for detecting wind direction and a self-driving sensor for detecting wind speed from top to bottom in the height direction, wherein the self-driving sensor for detecting rainfall, the self-driving sensor for detecting wind direction and the self-driving sensor for detecting wind speed are electrically connected to the wireless communication module respectively, and the wireless communication module is wirelessly connected to the host computer, characterized in that: The rain detection self-driven sensor is used for rain detection by friction nano-generation and transmits the output voltage of friction nano-generation to the wireless communication module; The wind speed detection self-driven sensor is used for wind speed detection by friction nano-power generation, and transmits the voltage pulse frequency generated by friction nano-power generation to the wireless communication module; The wind direction detection self-driven sensor is used to detect the wind direction by rotating the upper disk to the wind direction and performing friction nano-generation with the lower disk, and to move charges according to the metal conductive layer of the upper disk and the dielectric layers of different positions and numbers in each wind direction of the lower disk, to generate a combination of electrical signal states corresponding to each wind direction, and transmit the combination of electrical signal states to the wireless communication module; The wireless communication module is used to receive signal data transmitted by the rainfall detection self-driven sensor, the wind speed detection self-driven sensor and the wind direction detection self-driven sensor, and transmit the signal data to the upper host; The upper host is used to receive the signal data transmitted by the wireless communication module to perform signal processing and determine the rainfall, wind speed and wind direction detection information.

2. The self-powered wind and rain detection device based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rain detection self-driven sensor comprises a polytetrafluoroethylene film, a copper tape and an acrylic plate, and the polytetrafluoroethylene film and the copper tape are electrically connected.

3. The self-powered wind and rain detection device based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wind direction detection self-driven sensor comprises an upper disc and a lower disc, wherein the upper disc is coaxially arranged with the lower disc, and the lower surface of the upper disc is in contact with the upper surface of the lower disc; The lower surface of the upper disk is provided with n upper copper rings arranged in sequence along the diameter direction away from the center of the circle; the upper surface of the lower disk is divided into 2 n There are fan-shaped areas, and each fan-shaped area is provided with a lower copper ring, and the arrangement mode and number of the lower copper rings in each fan-shaped area are unique, and the number is 0 to n; A polytetrafluoroethylene film is arranged on the upper side of the lower copper ring, and the polytetrafluoroethylene film corresponds to the lower copper ring in position and number.

4. The self-powered wind and rain detection device based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wind speed detection self-driven sensor comprises a thermoplastic film, a copper tape and a polytetrafluoroethylene film; The polytetrafluoroethylene film is an intermediate layer, and copper tape and thermoplastic film are arranged on two sides of the polytetrafluoroethylene film in sequence.

5. The self-powered wind and rain detection device based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mounting frame comprises a connecting shaft arranged vertically on the ground, the middle part of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the self-driving sensor for detecting wind speed; and one end of the connecting shaft away from the ground is rotatably connected to the self-driving sensor for detecting wind direction.

6. The self-powered wind and rain detection device based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The lower disc in the wind direction detection self-driven sensor is fixed, and the axis of the upper disc is connected to the connecting shaft and rotates along the circumferential direction following the connecting shaft.

7. The self-powered wind and rain detection device based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper host includes a rainfall detection module, a wind speed detection module and a wind direction detection module; The rainfall detection module is used to obtain the output voltage value of the rainfall detection self-driving sensor, and determine the rainfall data corresponding to the output voltage value according to the standard voltage value of the contact area of ​​the rainfall detection self-driving sensor under different rainfall levels per unit time; The wind speed detection module is used to obtain the frequency of the voltage signal transmitted by the wind speed detection self-driving sensor, and determine the wind speed through the frequency of the voltage signal; The wind direction detection module obtains the electrical signal state combination output by the wind direction detection self-driving sensor, compares it with the electrical signal mark comparison table, and determines the wind direction.

8. The self-powered wind and rain detection device based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The wind direction detection module compares the output electrical signal state combination with the electrical signal tag comparison table, and the specific operation is: The lower disk of the wind direction detection self-driven sensor is divided into sector-shaped areas in different directions, and metal conductive layers and dielectric layers of different positions and numbers are set in each sector-shaped area; Based on the friction power generation between the upper disk and the lower disk, the generated electric signal is marked as 1, and the non-generated electric signal is marked as 0. According to the position and number of the dielectric layers in each sector area of ​​the lower disk, the combination of electric signal states in all directions is determined, and an electric signal mark comparison table is established; Obtain the electrical signal state combination generated by the wind direction detection self-driving sensor rotating to the wind direction, and determine the same electrical signal state combination in the electrical signal mark comparison table, where the direction in the electrical signal mark comparison table is the detected wind direction.

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