Diaphragm

Abstract

The diaphragm comprises a shell, the shell is provided with a light passing opening, the light passing opening penetrates through the first side of the shell and the second side opposite to the first side in the X direction, a light blocking assembly is fixed to the first side of the shell, the light blocking assembly is located above the light passing opening in the Z direction so as to block 0-level diffraction light from a plane grating monochromator, and the second side of the shell is opposite to the first side. The light passing opening is used for allowing first-level diffraction light and powder light from the plane grating monochromator to pass through. The diaphragm provided by the invention not only can block 0-level diffracted light emitted from the plane grating monochromator, but also can enable 1-level diffracted light and pin light to pass through.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical elements, and more specifically to an aperture for blocking grating 0th order diffraction light behind a plane grating monochromator and allowing grating 1st order diffraction light and pink light to pass through. Background Art

[0002] The Hard X-ray Free Electron Laser (SHINE) has the characteristics of high brightness, ultrashort pulses, full coherence, high repetition rate, and wide energy range. The first batch of three beamlines and 10 experimental stations are planned to be built, which will have nanometer-level ultra-high spatial resolution and femtosecond-level ultra-fast time resolution. The beamline repetition rate of SHINE can reach 1MHz, and the total power and peak power density can reach 2.1kW and 253.1W / urad respectively. 2 , high power and high peak power density put forward higher requirements on the structure of the aperture.

[0003] The plane grating monochromator can be dimmed by switching the grating to meet the light requirements of the user's experimental station. By switching different gratings, the corresponding photon energy beam can diffract beams of different angles, including 0th order diffraction light, 1st order diffraction light and pink light.

[0004] In some applications, usually only the 1st-order diffraction light and pink light are needed, but the 0th-order diffraction light is not needed. The existing aperture cannot achieve this function. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art for an aperture for blocking the 0th-order diffraction light and allowing the 1st-order diffraction light and pink light to pass through. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an aperture to block the 0th order diffraction light emitted from a plane grating monochromator and allow the 1st order diffraction light and pink light to pass through.

[0006] Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides an aperture, including a shell, the shell having a light opening, the light opening penetrating a first side of the shell and a second side opposite to the first side along the X direction, a light blocking component is fixed to the first side of the shell, the light blocking component is located above the light opening in the Z direction to block the 0th order diffraction light from the plane grating monochromator, and the light opening is used to allow the 1st order diffraction light and pink light from the plane grating monochromator to pass through.

[0007] Furthermore, the light blocking component includes a plurality of diamond pieces stacked in sequence along the Z direction.

[0008] Furthermore, the diamond is square.

[0009] Furthermore, any two adjacent diamonds have an overlapping area of ​​at least 1 mm along the Z direction.

[0010] Furthermore, the diamond closest to the light opening covers an area of ​​at least 1 mm of the light opening along the Z direction.

[0011] Furthermore, a groove is provided on the first side of the shell, and each diamond is located in the groove.

[0012] Furthermore, each diamond is pressed into the groove by two pressing plates, and the pressing plates are fixedly connected to the shell and in close contact with the diamond.

[0013] Furthermore, a graphite sheet is placed between the diamond and the shell.

[0014] Furthermore, a fluid passage is provided inside the shell, and the fluid passage has an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, at least parts of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe extend out of the shell, the inlet pipe is used for cooling fluid to enter, and the outlet pipe is used for cooling fluid to flow out.

[0015] Furthermore, the shell is formed in a flange shape, and a back knife groove is provided on the second side of the shell; the back knife groove and the light opening are offset from the center of the shell.

[0016] The aperture of the present invention can block the 0th order diffraction light from the plane grating monochromator through the light blocking component, while the 1st order diffraction light and pink light of the plane grating monochromator can pass through the light opening, thereby blocking the 0th order diffraction light and allowing the 1st order diffraction light and pink light to pass; the light blocking component is formed by stacking multiple pieces of golden light stones, which can reduce the manufacturing cost; the shell is formed in a flange shape, which can be convenient for connecting vacuum pipes and reduce space occupancy; the light opening can be deviated from the center of the shell to effectively utilize the area of ​​the shell and avoid the shell being too large. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a stereoscopic diagram of a front view of an aperture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a stereoscopic diagram of a back view of an aperture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 is a perspective view of a front view of an aperture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 is a front view of a stop according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 AA section view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and described in detail.

[0023] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an aperture, which includes a shell 100, the shell 100 has a light opening 110, the light opening 110 passes through a first side 120 of the shell 100 and a second side 130 opposite to the first side along the X direction, wherein the first side 120 is a side close to the plane grating monochromator (that is, the front side of the aperture), and the second side 130 is a side away from the plane grating monochromator (that is, the back side of the aperture). A light blocking component 200 is fixed to the first side 120 of the shell 100, and the light blocking component 200 is located above the light opening 110 in the Z direction, and is used to block the 0th order diffraction light emitted from the plane grating monochromator. When in use, the aperture is located downstream of the plane grating monochromator and at a certain distance from the outlet of the plane grating monochromator. The light opening 110 of the aperture deviates from the outlet of the plane grating monochromator (for example, it can be located about 7 mm downward from the center of the monochromator) so that the first-order diffraction light and the pink light can pass through. The outlet of the monochromator is aligned with the center of the light source (i.e., the center of the first-order diffraction light). When the 0th-order diffraction light emitted from the outlet of the plane grating monochromator reaches the aperture, it will produce a certain angle and deviate from the light opening 110 and illuminate the light blocking component 200, thereby being blocked by the light blocking component 200 so that it cannot pass through the aperture and be transmitted to the downstream of the aperture. The first-order diffraction light and the pink light of the plane grating monochromator will not have an angular deviation, so they can pass through the light opening 110 and reach the downstream of the aperture.

[0024] In some embodiments, the light blocking assembly 200 includes multiple diamonds 210 stacked in sequence along the Z direction, and the diamonds 210 can block the 0th order diffracted light of the monochromator to prevent it from passing through. The thickness of each diamond 210 can be set to 1 mm, which can reduce costs and prevent the 0th order diffracted light from passing through.

[0025] In some embodiments, the shape of the diamond 210 can be rectangular, so that the light-blocking assembly 200 composed of each diamond 210 can cover a larger area, that is, the formed light-blocking range is larger. There is an overlapping area of ​​at least 1 mm in the Z direction between any two adjacent diamonds 210 to avoid light leakage. Since the diamonds produced by the chemical deposition process are round, it is necessary to cut square diamonds based on the round diamonds. If the light-blocking assembly 200 is a whole square diamond, its size is large, which will result in a lot of diamond waste remaining after cutting, and the cost is high; the light-blocking assembly 200 of the present invention is formed by stacking multiple small-sized diamonds, so it can be obtained by cutting small-sized round diamonds, thereby reducing costs (the cost can be reduced by more than 50%).

[0026] In some embodiments, the diamond 210 closest to the light opening 110 covers an area of ​​at least 1 mm of the light opening 110 along the Z direction to prevent the 0th order diffracted light from passing through.

[0027] In some embodiments, a groove 140 is provided on the first side 120 of the housing 100, and each diamond 210 is located in the groove 140. Each diamond 210 is pressed into the groove 140 by two pressing plates 220, wherein the pressing plates 220 are fixedly connected to the housing 100, and the pressing plates 220 are in close contact with the diamond 210, so that the diamond 210 is fixed in the groove 140. The two pressing plates 220 can be arranged opposite to each other along the Y direction and press the two sides of the diamond 210 in the Y direction respectively, so that the diamond 210 can be firmly fixed in the groove 140. The pressing plates 220 can be fixed to the housing 100 in a threaded connection manner by screws.

[0028] In some embodiments, a graphite sheet 230 may be placed between the inner side (ie, the side away from the monochromator) of the diamond 210 and the housing 100 to improve the heat dissipation capability.

[0029] In some embodiments, a fluid passage 300 is provided inside the housing 100, and the fluid passage 300 has an inlet pipe 310 and an outlet pipe 320, and at least a portion of the inlet pipe 310 and the outlet pipe 320 extends outside the housing 100 for the entry and exit of the fluid. Specifically, a cooling fluid (such as water, liquid nitrogen, etc.) can be introduced into the fluid passage 300 from the inlet pipe 310, and the cooling fluid flows through the fluid passage 300 and flows out from the outlet pipe 320, so that the interior of the housing 100 can be cooled and cooled by the cooling fluid to avoid damage caused by excessive temperature. The fluid passage 300 can be spread throughout the range covered by the light blocking assembly 200 in the housing 100 as much as possible, so as to cool the area where the light blocking assembly 200 is located. The inlet pipe 310 and the outlet pipe 320 can also be connected to a fluid supply device respectively to achieve the circulation of the fluid.

[0030] In some embodiments, a back knife groove 140 may be provided on the second side 130 of the housing 100 for fixing with a vacuum pipe downstream of the aperture. The back knife groove 140 is coaxially arranged with the monochromator outlet, and the back knife groove 140 is formed in a circular shape and surrounds the light opening 110. The light opening 110 and the back knife groove 140 are arranged away from the center of the housing 100 to increase the effective utilization area of ​​the housing 100 and avoid the housing 100 being too large in size.

[0031] The structural size of the aperture can be ensured to meet the requirements of light blocking and light passing through by the method of optical tracing. Taking the hard X-ray free electron laser device FEL-II as an example, its 0th order diffraction light and 1st order diffraction light are at the same center. When the photon energy is 2keV, the angle of the 0th order diffraction light is 7mrad, and the angle of the 1st order diffraction light is 0. The 0th order diffraction light and the 1st order diffraction light need to be distinguished at a position about 3.5m behind the monochromator. At this time, the center distance between the two light beams is 24.5mm. Considering the influence of the spot size, the edge distance between the 0th order diffraction light and the 1st order diffraction light is about 8mm, which can achieve the purpose of splitting. When the photon energy is At 0.2keV, the maximum angle of the 0th order diffraction light is 56mrad. At this time, the distance from the center at 3.5m is 196mm, and the limit distance after taking into account the spot size is 200mm. Therefore, the range of the 0th order diffraction light is 27mm~200mm, and the height along the Z direction is 173mm. Therefore, the light blocking area of ​​the light blocking component 200 can be set to 30mm*186mm, that is, the width along the Y direction is 30mm, and the height along the Z direction is 186mm, thereby completely blocking the 0th order diffraction light; the size of the light opening 110 is set to 30mm*50mm, that is, the width along the Y direction is 30mm, and the height along the Z direction is 50mm.

[0032] In some embodiments, the housing 100 may be formed in the shape of a flange so that it can be fixedly connected to an upstream vacuum pipe to avoid occupying space. The material of the housing 100 may be chromium-zirconium-copper.

[0033] The aperture of the embodiment of the present invention can block the 0th order diffraction light from the plane grating monochromator through the light blocking component 200, while the 1st order diffraction light and pink light of the plane grating monochromator can pass through the light opening 110, thereby blocking the 0th order diffraction light and allowing the 1st order diffraction light and pink light to pass through; the light blocking component 200 is formed by stacking multiple pieces of golden light stone 210, which can reduce the manufacturing cost; the shell 100 is formed in a flange shape, which can be convenient for connecting the vacuum pipe and reducing the space occupied; the light opening 110 can deviate from the center of the shell 100 to effectively utilize the area of ​​the shell 100 and avoid the shell 100 being too large.

[0034] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The above embodiment of the present invention can also be modified in various ways. That is, all simple, equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims and the description of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention. The contents not described in detail in the present invention are all conventional technical contents.

Claims

1. A diaphragm, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell, wherein the shell has a light opening, wherein the light opening passes through a first side of the shell and a second side opposite to the first side along the X direction, a light blocking component is fixed to the first side of the shell, and the light blocking component is located above the light opening in the Z direction to block the 0th order diffraction light from the plane grating monochromator, and the light opening is used to allow the 1st order diffraction light and pink light from the plane grating monochromator to pass through.

2. The aperture according to claim 1, characterized in that The light blocking component includes a plurality of diamond pieces stacked in sequence along the Z direction.

3. The aperture according to claim 2, characterized in that The diamond is square.

4. The diaphragm according to claim 2, characterized in that Any two adjacent diamonds have an overlapping area of ​​at least 1 mm along the Z direction.

5. The diaphragm according to claim 2, characterized in that The diamond closest to the light opening covers an area of ​​at least 1 mm of the light opening along the Z direction.

6. The diaphragm according to claim 2, characterized in that A groove is provided on the first side of the housing, and each diamond is located in the groove.

7. The diaphragm according to claim 6, characterized in that Each diamond is pressed into the groove by two pressing sheets, and the pressing sheets are fixedly connected to the shell and in close contact with the diamond.

8. The diaphragm according to claim 2, characterized in that A graphite sheet is arranged between the diamond and the shell.

9. The diaphragm according to claim 1, characterized in that A fluid passage is provided inside the shell, and the fluid passage has an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. At least parts of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe extend out of the shell. The inlet pipe is used for cooling fluid to enter, and the outlet pipe is used for cooling fluid to flow out.

10. The diaphragm according to claim 1, characterized in that The shell is formed in a flange shape, and a back knife groove is provided on the second side of the shell; the back knife groove and the light opening are offset from the center of the shell.

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