Optical waveguide

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical waveguide which comprises a first coupling-in prism, a second coupling-in prism, a first transverse waveguide, a second transverse waveguide, a turning waveguide combination and a coupling-out array waveguide. The first coupling-in prism and the second coupling-in prism are respectively arranged at two end sides of the first transverse waveguide and are respectively used for coupling light beams of the first light machine and the second light machine into the first transverse waveguide; the first transverse waveguide is used for receiving light of the first coupling-in prism and the second coupling-in prism, part of the light is directly transmitted to the second transverse waveguide, and part of the light is transmitted to the second transverse waveguide after being transversely propagated; the second transverse waveguide is arranged below the first transverse waveguide and is used for receiving the light beams transmitted by the first transverse waveguide and transmitting the light beams to the turning waveguide combination; the turning waveguide combination has asymmetry, the first light machine and the second light machine emit light of a single-side view field, and the light respectively enters two eyes to form a complete large-view-field image. The display field of view FOV of the diffraction optical waveguide is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical waveguide display, and in particular to an optical waveguide. Background Art

[0002] In the existing diffraction light waveguide solution, the projection light emitted by an optical machine is almost symmetrical, so that the left and right fields of view and the upper and lower fields of view are symmetrical when displayed to the human eye. However, in the actual diffraction light waveguide solution, due to the characteristics of diffraction, the maximum field of view in the left and right directions is not equal. In order to adapt to the projection characteristics of the optical machine, generally only the smaller value of the left and right fields of view can be used as the field of view of the optical machine.

[0003] Due to the characteristics of diffraction, when total reflection is satisfied, the maximum left field of view is only 15°, and the maximum right field of view can reach 60°. However, when displaying, in order to make the projected image symmetrical, generally only ±15° is used as the projection field of view of the optical machine. In the existing technology, the minimum field of view value of the waveguide diffraction characteristic is maximized as much as possible, so what is done now is to increase the refractive index of the material to increase the minimum diffraction field of view (FOV) of the waveguide.

[0004] A technical solution is needed in the prior art to solve the problem that the field of view (FOV) of diffraction optical waveguide is relatively small.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used for understanding the background of the present application, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides an optical waveguide, which can solve at least one technical problem in the background technology.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0008] An optical waveguide comprises a first coupling-in prism, a second coupling-in prism, a first transverse waveguide, a second transverse waveguide, a turning waveguide combination, and an out-coupling array waveguide; the first coupling-in prism and the second coupling-in prism are respectively arranged at two end sides of the first transverse waveguide, and are respectively used to couple the light beams of a first optical machine and a second optical machine into the first transverse waveguide; the first transverse waveguide is used to receive the light of the first coupling-in prism and the second coupling-in prism, and part of the light is directly transmitted to the second transverse waveguide, and part of the light is transmitted to the second transverse waveguide after transverse propagation; the second transverse waveguide is arranged below the first transverse waveguide, and is used to receive the light beam transmitted by the first transverse waveguide and transmit it to the turning waveguide combination; the turning waveguide combination is arranged below the second transverse waveguide, and is used to receive the light beam of the second transverse waveguide and transmit it to the out-coupling array waveguide; the turning waveguide combination is asymmetric; the out-coupling array waveguide is arranged below the turning waveguide combination, and is used to couple out the light beam externally; the first optical machine and the second optical machine emit light of a single-sided field of view, and respectively enter a binocular to form a complete large-field-of-view image.

[0009] Preferably, the first transverse waveguide is used to receive light from the first coupling-in prism, part of the light is directly transmitted to the second transverse waveguide through the first outlet, and part of the light is transmitted to the second transverse waveguide through the second outlet after transverse propagation; the first transverse waveguide is used to receive light from the second coupling-in prism, part of the light is directly transmitted to the second transverse waveguide through the third outlet, and part of the light is transmitted to the second transverse waveguide through the second outlet after transverse propagation; the first outlet is arranged at the end side of the second transverse waveguide, on the same side as the first optical machine; the third outlet is arranged at the end side of the second transverse waveguide, on the same side as the second optical machine; the second outlet is arranged in the middle position of the second transverse waveguide.

[0010] Preferably, the turning waveguide combination includes a first subarray, a second subarray, a third subarray, and a fourth subarray arranged in sequence, and the direction sequence is the direction from the second optical machine to the first optical machine; the coupling array waveguide includes a first coupling array waveguide and a second coupling array waveguide; the light of the first coupling-in prism enters the first transverse waveguide, and part of the light is directly transmitted into the second transverse waveguide through the first outlet, enters the fourth subarray from the second transverse waveguide, and is finally coupled outwardly by the first coupling array waveguide; part of the light beam is laterally transmitted in the first transverse waveguide to the second outlet and enters the second transverse waveguide, enters the second subarray from the second transverse waveguide, and is finally coupled outwardly by the second coupling array waveguide; the light of the second coupling-in prism enters the first transverse waveguide, and part of the light is directly transmitted into the second transverse waveguide through the third outlet, enters the first subarray from the second transverse waveguide, and is finally coupled outwardly by the second coupling array waveguide; part of the light beam is laterally transmitted in the first transverse waveguide to the second outlet and enters the second transverse waveguide, enters the third subarray from the second transverse waveguide, and is finally coupled outwardly by the first coupling array waveguide.

[0011] Preferably, the asymmetry of the turning waveguide combination includes: the first subarray and the third subarray are left turning subarrays, and the array width is D1; ​​the second subarray and the fourth subarray are right turning subarrays, and the array width is D2; when the fields of view of the left and right eyes are both U / 2, and the exit pupil distance is l, the relationship between the eye box size d is:

[0012] d = min(D1 + D2 - l*tan(U / 2), D2 - D1),

[0013] Among them, min is the smaller value.

[0014] Preferably, the array width of the left turning sub-array and the array width of the right turning sub-array are adjusted so that D1+D2-l*tan(U / 2)=D2-D1.

[0015] Preferably, the first subarray, the second subarray, the third subarray and the fourth subarray include 5 to 20 turning waveguides; the number of the second subarray and the fourth subarray is greater than the number of the first subarray and the third subarray.

[0016] Preferably, the second transverse waveguide is a hexahedral structure, the surface in contact with the first transverse waveguide is the first surface, and the parallel surface opposite to the first surface is the second surface; the first surface includes 5 parts: the first part, the second part, the third part, the fourth part and the fifth part; the second surface includes 5 parts: the sixth part, the seventh part, the eighth part, the ninth part and the tenth part; the direction sequence is the direction from the first optical machine to the second optical machine; the first part corresponds to the first outlet, the fifth part corresponds to the third outlet, and the coating transmittance T: 30%~70%; the third part corresponds to the second outlet, and the coating transmittance T≥90%; the second part, the fourth part, the sixth part, the tenth part and the eighth part are used for internal reflection of the second transverse waveguide, and the coating transmittance: T≤10%; the seventh part and the ninth part are used to emit the light received from the three outlets of the first transverse waveguide to the corresponding array of the turning waveguide combination, and the coating transmittance: T: 10%~70%.

[0017] Preferably, when the total length of the second lateral waveguide is L, the length range of the first part / the fifth part / the sixth part / the tenth part is L / 20 to L / 5; the length range of the third part / the eighth part is L / 20 to L / 5.

[0018] Preferably, an xyz coordinate axis is defined, wherein the z axis is the thickness direction of the first coupling prism and the second coupling prism, which belongs to the longitudinal direction, and xy is the coordinate of the direction of the plane perpendicular to the z axis; the angle between the inclined plane of the first coupling prism and the second coupling prism and the y axis is θ1y; the range of θ1y is 30° to 70°; the angle between the inclined plane of the first coupling prism and the second coupling prism and the z axis is θ1z; the range of θ1z is 30° to 70°.

[0019] Preferably, the angle between the inclined surface of the turning waveguide assembly and the y-axis is θ3y; the relationship between θ3y and θ1y is:

[0020] 90°-θ3y=1 / 2*θ1y;

[0021] The first outcoupling array waveguide and the second outcoupling array waveguide include 5 to 20 arrays, and the angle between the inclined plane and the z-axis is θ4z; the relationship between θ4z and θ1z is:

[0022] θ1z=θ4z;

[0023] The reflectivity range of the coatings on the inclined surfaces of the first out-coupling array waveguide and the second out-coupling array waveguide is R: 2% to 30%.

[0024] The present invention also provides an optical waveguide, comprising a first coupling-in prism, a second coupling-in prism, a first lateral waveguide, a second lateral waveguide, an extended grating array, and an out-coupling array waveguide; the first coupling-in prism and the second coupling-in prism are respectively arranged at two end sides of the first lateral waveguide, and are respectively used to couple the light beams of the first optical machine and the second optical machine into the first lateral waveguide; the first lateral waveguide is used to receive the light of the first coupling-in prism and the second coupling-in prism, part of which is directly transmitted to the second lateral waveguide, and part of which is transmitted to the second lateral waveguide after lateral propagation; the second lateral waveguide is arranged below the first lateral waveguide, and is used to receive the light beam transmitted by the first lateral waveguide and transmit it to the extended grating array; the extended grating array is arranged below the second lateral waveguide, and is used to receive the light beam of the second lateral waveguide and transmit the light beam to the out-coupling array waveguide; the out-coupling array waveguide is arranged below the extended grating array, and is used to couple the light beam outward; the first optical machine and the second optical machine emit light of a single-sided field of view and enter the binoculars respectively to form a complete large-field-of-view image.

[0025] The present invention has the beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention adopts a dual optical machine of a first optical machine and a second optical machine, adjusts the first optical machine and the second optical machine to emit light of a single-sided field of view, and respectively enters the binoculars to form a complete large-field-of-view image, thereby greatly improving the display field of view FOV of the diffraction optical waveguide.

[0027] Furthermore, the present invention solves the eye box problem by designing an asymmetric field of view and expanding the eye box size. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a refraction scheme according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another refraction scheme according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of an incident angle / refraction angle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a turning waveguide combination according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the eye box problem formed by a waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7A schematic diagram of a waveguide output forming a field of view according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a second lateral waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Fig. 9 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an in-coupling prism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of a turning waveguide combination according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of an out-coupling array waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of yet another first lateral waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Fig.13 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another coupling-in prism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Fig.14 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of a large field of view according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention. It should be emphasized that the following description is only exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope and application of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other.

[0044] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element. In addition, connection can be used for fixing as well as for coupling or communication.

[0045] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0046] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0047] See also Figure 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical waveguide 2, comprising a first coupling-in prism 102, a second coupling-in prism 202, a first lateral waveguide 12, a second lateral waveguide 11, a turning waveguide assembly 13, and an outcoupling array waveguide;

[0048] The first coupling-in prism 102 and the second coupling-in prism 202 are respectively arranged at two end sides of the first transverse waveguide 12, and are respectively used to couple the light beams of the first optical engine 101 and the second optical engine 102 into the first transverse waveguide 12;

[0049] exist Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the first coupling prism 102 is disposed on the right side of the first transverse waveguide 12, corresponding to the right eye; the second coupling prism 202 is disposed on the left side of the first transverse waveguide 12, corresponding to the left eye. This is merely exemplary and will be explained later.

[0050] The first transverse waveguide 12 is used to receive the light from the first coupling-in prism 102 and the second coupling-in prism 202, partially transmit the light directly to the second transverse waveguide 11, and partially transmit the light to the second transverse waveguide 11 after transverse propagation;

[0051] The second transverse waveguide 11 is disposed below the first transverse waveguide 12, and is used to receive the light beam transmitted by the first transverse waveguide 12 and transmit the light beam to the turning waveguide assembly 13;

[0052] The turning waveguide assembly 13 is arranged below the second transverse waveguide 11, and is used to receive the light beam of the second transverse waveguide 11 and transmit the light beam to the outcoupling array waveguide;

[0053] The outcoupling array waveguide is arranged below the turning waveguide assembly 13 and is used for coupling out the light beam externally;

[0054] The first optical engine 101 and the second optical engine 201 emit light of a single-sided field of view, and the light enters the binoculars respectively to form a complete large-field-of-view image.

[0055] The present invention is based on the fact that the projection light emitted by the optical machine is almost bilaterally symmetrical, so that when displayed to the human eye, the left and right fields of view and the upper and lower fields of view are symmetrical. The present invention adjusts the bilaterally symmetrical field of view to a unilateral field of view, and then expands the field of view of two optical machines to achieve a larger field of view. The present invention will be larger than the double field of view, because the limitations of the left and right fields of view are different in the symmetrical field of view, and can be directly used in the unilateral field of view. The present invention adopts a dual optical machine of a first optical machine and a second optical machine, adjusts the light of the unilateral field of view emitted by the first optical machine and the second optical machine, and respectively enters the binoculars to form a complete large field of view image, thereby greatly improving the display field of view FOV of the diffraction optical waveguide.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, in one refraction scheme, when λ=520nm (green light), d=400nm, and refractive index n=1.8, then sinθ=nsinθ1, where θ is the refractive index in air and θ1 is the refractive index inside the waveguide. At this time, the incident angle range is: -90° to 90°, and the refraction angle is -34° to 34°.

[0057] However, due to the direction problem, the refraction angle cannot be negative. Therefore, the refraction angle needs to be deflected, the whole is offset by a certain angle, and total reflection is satisfied (refraction angle>34°). Then the refraction surface can be deflected by 35°, and the single-sided incident angle can reach 90°.

[0058] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the single-sided incident angle can reach 90°. At the same time, in order to have a certain incident angle margin, the deflection can be larger after refraction, so that there is a certain error margin.

[0059] Continue as Figure 1 As shown, the first transverse waveguide 12 is used to receive the light of the first coupling-in prism 102, part of the light is directly transmitted to the second transverse waveguide 11 through the first outlet K1, and part of the light is transmitted to the second transverse waveguide 11 through the second outlet K2 after being transversely propagated;

[0060] The first transverse waveguide 12 is used to receive the light from the second coupling prism 202, part of the light is directly transmitted to the second transverse waveguide 11 through the third outlet K3, and part of the light is transmitted to the second transverse waveguide through the second outlet K2 after being transversely propagated;

[0061] The first outlet K1 is arranged at the end side of the second transverse waveguide 12, on the same side as the first optical engine 101;

[0062] The third outlet K3 is arranged at the end side of the second transverse waveguide 12, on the same side as the second optical engine 201;

[0063] The second outlet K2 is disposed at a middle position of the second transverse waveguide 12 .

[0064] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the turning waveguide assembly 13 includes a first sub-array 131, a second sub-array 132, a third sub-array 133, and a fourth sub-array 134 arranged in sequence, and the direction sequence is the direction from the second optical machine 201 to the first optical machine 101; Figure 5 As shown, the number of arrays of the first sub-array 131 and the second sub-array 132 is different; the number of arrays of the third sub-array 133 and the fourth sub-array 134 is different. In a preferred embodiment, the number of arrays of the first sub-array 131 is equal to the number of arrays of the third sub-array 133; the number of arrays of the second sub-array 132 and the fourth sub-array 134 are equal.

[0065] The outcoupling array waveguide comprises a first outcoupling array waveguide 103 and a second outcoupling array waveguide 203;

[0066] The light of the first coupling-in prism 102 enters the first transverse waveguide 12, and part of the light is directly transmitted through the first outlet K1 into the second transverse waveguide 11, enters the fourth subarray 134 from the second transverse waveguide 11, and is finally coupled outwardly by the first coupling-out array waveguide 103 and incident on the right eye; part of the light beam is laterally transmitted in the first transverse waveguide 12 to the second outlet K2 and enters the second transverse waveguide 11, enters the second subarray 132 from the second transverse waveguide 11, and is finally coupled outwardly by the second coupling-out array waveguide 203 and incident on the left eye;

[0067] The light from the second coupling-in prism 202 enters the first transverse waveguide 12, and part of the light is directly transmitted into the second transverse waveguide 11 through the third outlet K3, enters the first subarray 131 from the second transverse waveguide 11, and is finally coupled outwardly by the second coupling-out array waveguide 203 and incident on the left eye; part of the light beam is laterally transmitted in the first transverse waveguide 12 to the second outlet K2 and enters the second transverse waveguide 11, enters the third subarray 133 from the second transverse waveguide 11, and is finally coupled outwardly by the first coupling-out array waveguide 103 and incident on the right eye.

[0068] The route of Optical Machine 101 on the right:

[0069] Left eye: 102->12->11->13 Second subarray->203

[0070] Right eye: 102->12->11->13 Fourth subarray->103

[0071] The route of the left side of the optical machine 201:

[0072] Left eye: 202->12->11->13 First subarray->203

[0073] Right eye: 102->12->11->13 Third subarray->103

[0074] like Figure 6 As shown in the figure, because eyes have different sizes, and the distance between the pupils of different people is different, in order to take into account the adaptability of most people, the concept of eye box size is developed. Figure 6 As shown, the light coming out of the waveguide is parallel light within the field of view U. When the waveguide size is D and the exit pupil distance is l, the entire field of view can only be seen clearly in a part of the middle area. The size of this area is the eyebox size (eyebox), and the eyebox size d is:

[0075] d = D - 2*l*tan(U / 2).

[0076] like Figure 7 As shown, an asymmetric field of view is designed to expand the eye box size. The asymmetry of the turning waveguide assembly 13 includes: the first subarray 131 and the third subarray 133 are left turning subarrays, and the array width is D1; ​​the second subarray 132 and the fourth subarray 134 are right turning subarrays, and the array width is D2; when the field of view of the left and right eyes is consistent, both are U / 2, and the exit pupil distance is l, the relationship between the eye box size d is:

[0077] d=min(D1+D2-l*tan(U / 2),D2-D1)

[0078] Among them, min is the smaller value, that is, the eye box size d is the smaller value of D1+D2-l*tan(U / 2) and D2-D1. When the exit pupil distance is short, the value will be D2-D1, and when the exit pupil distance is large, it will be D1+D2-l*tan(U / 2). By adjusting the values ​​of D1 and D2, a certain eye box size can be obtained.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the array width of the left turning sub-array and the array width of the right turning sub-array are adjusted so that D1+D2-l*tan(U / 2)=D2-D1.

[0080] like Figure 8 , which is a schematic diagram of a second transverse waveguide of the present invention. The second transverse waveguide 11 is a hexahedral structure, the surface in contact with the first transverse waveguide 12 is the first surface, and the parallel surface opposite to the first surface is the second surface;

[0081] The first surface includes five parts: a first part S11, a second part S12, a third part S1, a fourth part S22 and a fifth part S21; the second surface includes five parts: a sixth part S13, a seventh part S14, an eighth part S2, a ninth part S24 and a tenth part S23; the direction sequence is the direction from the first optical machine 101 to the second optical machine 201;

[0082] The first part S11 corresponds to the first outlet K1, the fifth part S21 corresponds to the third outlet K3, and the coating transmittance T is 30% to 70%; it can be understood that the outlet of the present invention is a virtual concept, which is actually an outlet generated by transmission formed by coating on the surface of the second lateral waveguide; here, the first part S11 and the fifth part S21 realize direct transmission of a part of the light of the first lateral waveguide 12 into the second lateral waveguide 12 through coating.

[0083] The third portion S1 corresponds to the second outlet K2, which is used to transmit the light beam transmitted in the first transverse waveguide 12 to the second transverse waveguide 11, and the coating transmittance T is ≥ 90%;

[0084] The second portion S12, the fourth portion S22, the sixth portion S13, the tenth portion S23, and the eighth portion S2 are used for internal reflection of the second transverse waveguide, and no light will be emitted, and the coating transmittance is: T≤10%;

[0085] The seventh part S14 and the ninth part S24 are used for emitting light, and emit the light received from the three outlets K1, K2, and K3 of the first transverse waveguide 12 to the corresponding array of the turning waveguide combination, and the coating transmittance: T: 10% to 70%.

[0086] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the total length of the second lateral waveguide 11 is L,

[0087] Length range of the first part S11 / the fifth part S21 / the sixth part S13 / the tenth part S23: L / 20~L / 5;

[0088] The length range of the third part S1 / the eighth part S2 is: L / 20 to L / 5.

[0089] The above length setting of the present invention is beneficial to light path propagation.

[0090] like Fig. 9 As shown, an xyz coordinate axis is defined, wherein the z axis is the thickness direction of the first coupling-in prism 102 and the second coupling-in prism 202, which is a longitudinal direction, and xy is the coordinate of the direction of a plane perpendicular to the z axis;

[0091] The angle between the inclined surface S11R of the first coupling prism 102 and the second coupling prism 202 and the y-axis is θ1y; the range of θ1y is: 10° to 50°;

[0092] The included angle between the inclined surfaces of the first coupling-in prism 102 and the second coupling-in prism 202 and the z-axis is θ1z; the range of θ1z is 10° to 50°.

[0093] like Fig.10 As shown, the first sub-array 131, the second sub-array 132, the third sub-array 133, and the fourth sub-array 134 include 5 to 20 turning waveguides; wherein the number of the first sub-array 131 and the third sub-array 133 is 5-20, and the number of the second sub-array 132 and the fourth sub-array 134 is more than that of the first sub-array 131 and the third sub-array 133, and the effect of expanding the eye box is achieved through this asymmetry.

[0094] The angle between the inclined surface of the turning waveguide and the y-axis is θ3y; the relationship between θ3y and θ1y is:

[0095] 90°-θ3y=1 / 2*θ1y;

[0096] like Fig.11 As shown, the first outcoupling array waveguide and the second outcoupling array waveguide include 5 to 20 arrays, and the angle between the slope S14R and the z-axis is θ4z; the relationship between θ4z and θ1z is:

[0097] θ1z=θ4z;

[0098] The reflectivity range of the coatings on the inclined surfaces of the first out-coupling array waveguide and the second out-coupling array waveguide is R: 2% to 30%.

[0099] like Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, different from the embodiment shown above, Fig.10 and Fig.11 The oblique reflected light coupled into the third coupling prism 102a and the fourth coupling prism 202a faces upward, and the oblique reflected light of the first coupling prism 102 and the second coupling prism 202 shown in the above-mentioned embodiments faces downward. It can be understood that the oblique reflected light of the coupling prism facing upward / downward will only cause the image to be inverted, and the inverted image can be reversed by projecting an inverted image on the optical machine part, so the oblique reflected light of the coupling prism can face upward / downward.

[0100] like Fig.13As shown, when the inclined surface of the third coupling prism 102a1 reflects light upward, the coordinate system is defined as described above. The angle of the inclined surface S11R of the third coupling prism 102a is θ1y with the y-axis, and θ1z with the z-axis. The range of θ1y is 10° to 50°, and the range of θ1z is 10° to 50°.

[0101] like Fig.14 As shown, in the present invention, a first optical engine 101 and a second optical engine 201 are respectively arranged on both sides of the first lateral waveguide 12 for coupling into the image, and the light of a single-sided field of view emitted by each optical engine is adjusted to finally enter the binoculars respectively to form a complete image with a larger field of view.

[0102] like Fig.15 As shown, the first optical machine 101 and the second optical machine 201 each undertake half of the display, thereby forming an overall eye-entering display, which greatly improves the display field of view FOV of the diffraction light waveguide.

[0103] Other devices such as AR glasses that can be prepared using the solution of the present invention should all fall within the protection scheme of the present invention.

[0104] The above is exemplary, and those skilled in the art may replace it with other specific structures according to actual needs, but all of them belong to the concept of the present invention.

[0105] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with specific / preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, without departing from the concept of the present invention, it can also make several substitutions or modifications to these described embodiments, and these substitutions or modifications should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention. In the description of this specification, the description of the reference terms "an embodiment", "some embodiments", "preferred embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in combination with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily target the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In the absence of mutual contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples. Although the embodiments of the present invention and their advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and modifications can be made herein without departing from the scope of protection of the patent application.

Claims

1. An optical waveguide, characterized in that: It includes a first coupling-in prism, a second coupling-in prism, a first transverse waveguide, a second transverse waveguide, a turning waveguide combination, and a coupling-out array waveguide; The first coupling-in prism and the second coupling-in prism are respectively arranged at two end sides of the first transverse waveguide, and are respectively used to couple the light beams of the first optical machine and the second optical machine into the first transverse waveguide; The first transverse waveguide is used to receive the light from the first coupling-in prism and the second coupling-in prism, partially transmit the light to the second transverse waveguide directly, and partially transmit the light to the second transverse waveguide after transverse propagation; The second transverse waveguide is arranged below the first transverse waveguide, and is used to receive the light beam transmitted by the first transverse waveguide and transmit it to the turning waveguide assembly; The turning waveguide combination is arranged below the second transverse waveguide, and is used to receive the light beam of the second transverse waveguide and transmit the light beam to the outcoupling array waveguide; the turning waveguide combination is asymmetric; The outcoupling array waveguide is arranged below the turning waveguide assembly and is used for coupling out the light beam externally; The first optical engine and the second optical engine emit light of a single-sided field of view, and the light enters the binoculars respectively to form a complete large-field-of-view image.

2. The optical waveguide according to claim 1, wherein The first transverse waveguide is used to receive the light from the first coupling prism, part of the light is directly transmitted to the second transverse waveguide through the first outlet, and part of the light is transmitted to the second transverse waveguide through the second outlet after being transversely propagated; The first transverse waveguide is used to receive the light from the second coupling prism, part of the light is directly transmitted to the second transverse waveguide through the third outlet, and part of the light is transmitted to the second transverse waveguide through the second outlet after being transversely propagated; The first outlet is arranged at the end side of the second transverse waveguide, on the same side as the first optical engine; The third outlet is arranged at the end side of the second transverse waveguide, on the same side as the second optical engine; The second outlet is arranged at a middle position of the second lateral waveguide.

3. The optical waveguide according to claim 2, wherein: The turning waveguide assembly includes a first sub-array, a second sub-array, a third sub-array, and a fourth sub-array arranged in sequence, and the direction sequence is the direction from the second optical machine to the first optical machine; The outcoupling array waveguide comprises a first outcoupling array waveguide and a second outcoupling array waveguide; The light of the first coupling-in prism enters the first transverse waveguide, part of the light is directly transmitted through the first outlet into the second transverse waveguide, enters the fourth subarray from the second transverse waveguide, and is finally coupled out by the first coupling-out array waveguide; part of the light beam is laterally transmitted in the first transverse waveguide to the second outlet into the second transverse waveguide, enters the second subarray from the second transverse waveguide, and is finally coupled out by the second coupling-out array waveguide; The light from the second coupling-in prism enters the first transverse waveguide, and part of the light is directly transmitted into the second transverse waveguide through the third outlet, enters the first subarray from the second transverse waveguide, and is finally coupled out by the second coupling-out array waveguide; part of the light beam is laterally transmitted in the first transverse waveguide to the second outlet, enters the second transverse waveguide, enters the third subarray from the second transverse waveguide, and is finally coupled out by the first coupling-out array waveguide.

4. The optical waveguide according to claim 3, wherein The asymmetry of the turning waveguide combination includes: The first subarray and the third subarray are left-turned subarrays with an array width of D1; the second subarray and the fourth subarray are right-turned subarrays with an array width of D2; when the fields of view of the left and right eyes are both U / 2 and the exit pupil distance is l, the relationship between the eye box size d is: d = min(D1 + D2 - l*tan(U / 2), D2 - D1), Among them, min is the smaller value.

5. The optical waveguide according to claim 4, wherein: The array width of the left turning sub-array and the array width of the right turning sub-array are adjusted so that D1+D2-l*tan(U / 2)=D2-D1.

6. The optical waveguide according to claim 5, characterized in that The first subarray, the second subarray, the third subarray and the fourth subarray include 5 to 20 turning waveguides; the number of arrays of the second subarray and the fourth subarray is greater than the number of arrays of the first subarray and the third subarray.

7. The optical waveguide according to claim 3, wherein The second transverse waveguide is a hexahedral structure, the surface in contact with the first transverse waveguide is a first surface, and the surface parallel to the first surface is a second surface; The first surface includes five parts: a first part, a second part, a third part, a fourth part and a fifth part; the second surface includes five parts: a sixth part, a seventh part, an eighth part, a ninth part and a tenth part; The direction sequence is the direction from the first optical machine to the second optical machine; The first part corresponds to the first outlet, the fifth part corresponds to the third outlet, and the coating transmittance T is 30% to 70%; The third part corresponds to the second outlet, and the coating transmittance T is ≥ 90%; The second part, the fourth part, the sixth part, the tenth part and the eighth part are used for internal reflection of the second transverse waveguide, and the coating transmittance is: T≤10%; The seventh part and the ninth part are used to emit the light received from the three outlets of the first lateral waveguide to the corresponding arrays of the turning waveguide combination, and the coating transmittance: T: 10% to 70%.

8. The optical waveguide according to claim 7, wherein When the total length of the second lateral waveguide is L, The length of the first part / the fifth part / the sixth part / the tenth part ranges from L / 20 to L / 5; The length range of the third part / the eighth part is L / 20 to L / 5.

9. The optical waveguide according to claim 3, wherein: Define an xyz coordinate axis, wherein the z axis is the thickness direction of the first coupling prism and the second coupling prism, which belongs to the longitudinal direction, and xy is the coordinate of the direction of the plane perpendicular to the z axis; The included angle between the inclined surfaces of the first coupling prism and the second coupling prism and the y-axis is θ1y; the range of θ1y is: 30° to 70°; The included angle between the inclined surfaces of the first coupling-in prism and the second coupling-in prism and the z-axis is θ1z; the range of θ1z is 30° to 70°.

10. The optical waveguide according to claim 9, wherein The angle between the inclined surface of the turning waveguide assembly and the y-axis is θ3y; the relationship between θ3y and θ1y is: 90°-θ3y=1 / 2*θ1y; The first outcoupling array waveguide and the second outcoupling array waveguide include 5 to 20 arrays, and the angle between the inclined plane and the z-axis is θ4z; the relationship between θ4z and θ1z is: θ1z=θ4z; The reflectivity range of the coatings on the inclined surfaces of the first out-coupling array waveguide and the second out-coupling array waveguide is R: 2% to 30%.

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