Smeltery surrounding soil heavy metal monitoring distribution point and health assessment method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to a smeltery surrounding soil heavy metal monitoring distribution and health assessment method and system. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring heavy metal pollutant emission data, regional topographic data, meteorological data and population data; obtaining heavy metal settlement data according to the heavy metal pollutant emission data, the regional topographic data and the meteorological data; arranging soil monitoring points according to the heavy metal settlement data in combination with the regional topographic data and the meteorological data; and calculating the health risk according to the population data and the heavy metal settlement data. According to the invention, the problems of too many sample distribution and inaccurate distribution of heavy metal in the surrounding soil of the smeltery in the prior art are solved, the problem that the influence of the smeltery on the health of surrounding people is not fully considered is solved, the accuracy and efficiency of monitoring distribution are improved, and according to the monitored heavy metal settlement data, the real-time monitoring of heavy metal settlement is realized. And health assessment is carried out on surrounding residents, so that prevention of diseases and control of the environmental pollution degree are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of environmental monitoring, in particular to a method and system for monitoring heavy metals in soil around a smelter and a health assessment method. Background Art

[0002] Heavy metals have attracted widespread attention due to their persistence, toxicity and bioaccumulation. Smelting activities are one of the main sources of heavy metals in the environment. A large amount of survey data shows that the soil around smelters contains high concentrations of heavy metals. At present, the main methods for soil monitoring around smelters include grid point method and expert experience point method, but the grid point method has too many samples and the expert experience point method has uncertainty. These methods are prone to cause a lot of waste of manpower and material resources when setting points, and the efficiency of point setting is not high. The distribution of heavy metal pollution around smelters is mainly affected by complex factors including atmospheric deposition, land use type, wind direction and terrain. In order to accurately identify the heavy metal pollution status of soil around smelters, and at the same time, the existing technology does not fully consider the degree of impact of smelters on the health of surrounding people, it is of great significance to optimize the monitoring points of heavy metals in soil around smelters and the impact on the health of surrounding people. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for monitoring and distributing heavy metals in the soil around a smelter and a health assessment method, and solves the problems in the related art of too many samples and inaccurate distribution of heavy metals in the soil around the smelter, and at the same time, fails to fully consider the impact of the smelter on the health of the surrounding people.

[0004] One aspect of the present invention provides a method for arranging soil heavy metal monitoring points and health assessment around a smelter, including: obtaining heavy metal pollutant emission data, regional terrain data, meteorological data and population data; obtaining heavy metal deposition data based on the heavy metal pollutant emission data, the regional terrain data and the meteorological data; arranging soil monitoring points based on the heavy metal deposition data in combination with the regional terrain data and the meteorological data; and calculating health risks based on the population data and the heavy metal deposition data.

[0005] Full consideration is given to the impact of various complex meteorological environments, surface structures and land use conditions on the diffusion of heavy metal pollutants, making the simulation results more reliable. Therefore, the heavy metal deposition data calculated through the simulation results are more in line with reality. Through the heavy metal deposition data, the scope of heavy metal pollution and the distribution of heavy metal pollution can be determined. Accurate deployment of points is carried out according to the scope of heavy metal pollution and the distribution of heavy metal pollution, avoiding a large number of deployment points in areas with mild heavy metal pollution, improving the accuracy and efficiency of monitoring deployment, and at the same time, based on the monitored heavy metal deposition data, the health assessment of surrounding residents is carried out, which is helpful for the prevention of diseases and the control of the degree of environmental pollution.

[0006] Optionally, obtaining heavy metal pollutant emission data includes: obtaining monitoring data; constructing a smelter heavy metal pollutant emission inventory model; obtaining heavy metal pollutant emission amounts based on the monitoring data and the smelter heavy metal pollutant emission inventory model; and obtaining the heavy metal pollutant emission data based on the monitoring data and the heavy metal pollutant emission amounts.

[0007] By obtaining relevant information of the smelter, the most realistic emission of heavy metal pollutants from the smelter is calculated, and the heavy metal pollutant emission data is obtained based on the monitoring data and emission amounts, providing a real and reliable data source for the subsequent calculation of metal pollutant sedimentation data.

[0008] Optionally, heavy metal deposition data is obtained according to the heavy metal pollutant emission data, the regional terrain data and the meteorological data, including: generating a three-dimensional meteorological field file according to the meteorological data and the regional terrain data based on terrain dynamics, overland flow, blockage and mass conservation theory; obtaining heavy metal deposition flux distribution data according to the three-dimensional meteorological field file and the heavy metal pollutant emission data; obtaining the heavy metal deposition data according to the heavy metal deposition flux distribution data.

[0009] The diffusion of metal pollutants is affected by meteorology, surface morphology and ground environment. The three-dimensional meteorological field files generated by meteorological data and regional terrain data can better simulate the real meteorological conditions in the real surface environment. The diffusion of heavy metal pollutants in the simulated meteorological environment improves the accuracy of the diffusion of heavy metal pollutants. Heavy metal pollutants are finally precipitated on the ground to form heavy metal deposition data, which improves the accuracy of heavy metal deposition numbers and makes the heavy metal deposition data more realistic.

[0010] Optionally, arranging soil monitoring points according to the heavy metal sedimentation data in combination with the regional terrain data and the meteorological data includes: determining a heavy metal sedimentation direction according to the heavy metal sedimentation data; and arranging the soil monitoring points according to the heavy metal sedimentation direction.

[0011] Based on the heavy metal sedimentation data, we can see the diffusion range of heavy metal pollutants and the concentration changes of heavy metal pollutants in different ranges. When deploying monitoring points, we can focus on arranging areas with more serious pollution according to the actual situation of heavy metal pollutants on the ground, thereby achieving accurate monitoring point deployment, improving the efficiency of monitoring point deployment, and improving the practicality and actual application capabilities of monitoring point deployment.

[0012] Optionally, the smelter heavy metal pollutant emission inventory model satisfies the following formula: in, is the emission of heavy metals, is the product output, is the emission factor.

[0013] The accurate amount of heavy metal emissions can be obtained through the plant's product output and the emission factors of metal pollutants.

[0014] Optionally, the heavy metal sedimentation data satisfies the following formula: in, is the ground concentration of heavy metals, Strong source of heavy metals, , and For different diffusion coefficients, is the downwind distance, is the horizontal distance, is the effective height, is the height of the mixing layer, is the vertical term of the Gaussian equation.

[0015] The calculation of the concentration of metal pollutants on the ground takes into account many factors, making the calculation of heavy metal concentration more accurate. At the same time, this formula has a simple structure and is easy to calculate.

[0016] Optionally, calculating the health risk based on the population data and the heavy metal deposition data includes: calculating the heavy metal exposure of children, adult males and adult females respectively; calculating the total carcinogenic risk to the human body based on the heavy metal exposure, and calculating the sum of the non-carcinogenic risks to the human body.

[0017] The heavy metal exposure of different populations is bound to be different. According to the size of the difference, the population is divided into children, adult males and adult females. This reduces the error caused by the different heavy metal exposure of different populations when calculating the total non-carcinogenic risk and the total carcinogenic risk, improves the accuracy of heavy metal exposure calculation, and also can better understand the impact of heavy metal pollutants on the human body.

[0018] Optionally, the oral intake of heavy metal exposure, the skin contact intake of heavy metal exposure and the breathing intake of heavy metal exposure respectively satisfy the following formulas: in, is the oral intake of heavy metal exposure, The exposure to heavy metals through skin contact is The exposure to heavy metals through inhalation is The heavy metal concentrations in the soil monitoring points around the smelter. is the heavy metal intake factor, is the exposure frequency, is the exposure period, is the average human body weight, is the average exposure time, To expose the skin area, It is a skin adhesion factor. It is a skin absorption factor. Heavy metal inhalation factors, is the particle fugacity coefficient.

[0019] The exposure amount of heavy metal pollutants entering the human body through different pathways is calculated based on multiple influencing factors, making the calculation results more accurate, the formula structure simple and easy to calculate.

[0020] Optionally, the sum of the non-carcinogenic risk to the human body and the total carcinogenic risk to the human body satisfy the following formulas respectively: in, is the sum of non-carcinogenic risks to humans, is the total cancer risk, Non-carcinogenic risk to humans. Carcinogenic risk to humans, is the exposure amount of heavy metals in different exposure pathways, For different exposure routes, is the non-carcinogenic reference dose. is the carcinogenic slope factor.

[0021] Calculating the sum of the non-carcinogenic risks to the human body and the total carcinogenic risk to the human body based on multiple influencing factors is more realistic and accurate, and the formula structure is simple and easy to calculate.

[0022] Another aspect of the present invention provides a soil heavy metal monitoring point layout and health assessment system around a smelter, including: a processor, an input device, an output device and a memory, wherein the processor, input device, output device and memory are interconnected, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the computer program includes program instructions, and the processor is configured to call the program instructions to execute a soil heavy metal monitoring point layout and health assessment method around a smelter as described in the previous aspect of the present invention.

[0023] The present invention provides a soil heavy metal monitoring point distribution and health assessment system around a smelter, which has a compact structure, stable performance, high integration and simple composition. It can stably execute a soil heavy metal monitoring point distribution and health assessment method around a smelter provided in the first aspect of the present invention, further improving the overall applicability and practical application capabilities of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for monitoring and distributing heavy metals in soil around a smelter and a health assessment method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of soil monitoring points for heavy metal monitoring in the soil around a smelter and a health assessment method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment structure of the soil heavy metal monitoring point distribution and health assessment system around the smelter of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be noted that the embodiments described herein are only for illustration and are not intended to limit the present invention. In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art that these specific details do not need to be adopted to implement the present invention. In other examples, in order to avoid confusing the present invention, known circuits, software or methods are not specifically described.

[0026] Throughout the specification, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" appearing in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment or example. In addition, particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in one or more embodiments or examples in any suitable combination and / or subcombination. In addition, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the figures provided herein are for illustrative purposes and that the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0027] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for monitoring and distributing heavy metals in soil around a smelter and a health assessment method is provided. It should be noted that, Figure 1 As shown, the steps of the flowchart representing the method can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in an order different from that herein.

[0029] Figure 1 Flow chart of the method for heavy metal monitoring and health assessment in the soil around a smelter according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method comprises the following steps: Step S1, obtaining heavy metal pollutant emission data, regional topographic data, meteorological data and population data.

[0030] In this embodiment, there are many sources of regional terrain data, such as the Resource and Environmental Science and Data Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the United States Geological Survey, the National Comprehensive Earth Observation Data Sharing Platform, the relevant platform of the Ministry of Natural Resources, and the Global Change Science Research Data Publishing System. The source of meteorological data includes collecting daily and hourly ground meteorological data in and around the simulation area. The source of population data includes government departments and official statistical agencies.

[0031] Regional terrain data includes terrain data and land use data. Terrain data refers to the surface morphology. From a macro perspective, terrain is mainly divided into five basic types: plains, plateaus, mountains, hills and basins. Land use refers to the various development, utilization and protection activities carried out by humans on land based on the natural characteristics of the land and the needs of social and economic development.

[0032] When obtaining meteorological data, the equipment needed includes meteorological sensors. Meteorological sensors include temperature sensors, humidity sensors, air pressure sensors, wind direction sensors and wind speed sensors. Temperature sensors are used to accurately measure air temperature, humidity sensors are used to measure the water vapor content in the air, that is, relative humidity, air pressure sensors are used to measure atmospheric pressure, and wind direction sensors are used to measure wind speed. The use of meteorological sensors for measurement is not only high in accuracy, high in efficiency and low in cost, but also flexible in installation. The most important thing is that meteorological sensors have strong adaptability to harsh environments. Whether in harsh natural environments such as high temperature, low temperature, high altitude, strong wind, or in complex environments such as noisy urban environments and industrial pollution areas, meteorological sensors can work stably to ensure the accuracy and reliability of meteorological data.

[0033] Among them, obtaining heavy metal pollutant emission data specifically includes the following sub-steps: Step S101, obtaining monitoring data.

[0034] In this embodiment, the monitoring data includes pollutant discharge permit monitoring data, environmental impact assessment reports, acceptance reports, etc. The sources of these data include government environmental protection departments and heavy metal emission plants.

[0035] Pollutant discharge permit monitoring data refers to the data obtained by monitoring the pollutants discharged by the pollutant discharge unit in accordance with the provisions of the pollutant discharge permit and relevant standards and specifications. Pollutant discharge permit monitoring data includes pollutant emission concentration data, pollutant emission flow data, pollution control facility operation parameter data, self-monitoring data and supervisory monitoring data.

[0036] An environmental impact assessment report, or environmental impact assessment report, is a written document that analyzes, predicts and evaluates the possible environmental impacts caused by the emission of heavy metal pollutants, proposes countermeasures and measures to prevent or mitigate adverse environmental impacts, and provides methods and systems for follow-up monitoring.

[0037] Step S102, constructing a heavy metal pollutant emission inventory model for a smelter.

[0038] In this embodiment, the smelter heavy metal pollutant emission inventory model is used to calculate the emission of heavy metal pollutants. The emission of heavy metal pollutants is a very important data in the heavy metal pollutant diffusion simulation, because this data determines the final heavy metal pollutant content in the soil. In order to ensure the accuracy of the simulation, the source of the heavy metal pollutant emission data becomes very important.

[0039] In step S102, the smelter heavy metal pollutant emission inventory model satisfies the following formula: in, is the emission of heavy metals, is the product output, is the emission factor.

[0040] Step S103, obtaining the heavy metal pollutant emissions according to the monitoring data and the heavy metal pollutant emission inventory model of the smelter.

[0041] In this embodiment, the monitoring data includes smelter production data, metal pollutant type data and emission factor data. The actual emission of heavy metal pollutants is the product of the enterprise's product output and the emission factor. Product output refers to the number of specific products produced by a smelter in a certain period of time. The emission factor refers to the amount of pollutant emissions generated per unit of product or activity in a specific production process. Among them, the emission factor is affected by many factors, including production processes and technologies, raw material composition, equipment performance and maintenance, and production management. Specifically, different production processes and technologies will produce different pollutant emissions, so the emission factors will also be different. Impurities and harmful substances in raw materials will affect the emission of pollutants, thereby affecting the emission factor.

[0042] The emission of heavy metal pollutants can be directly obtained through the data provided by the enterprise according to the actual situation. However, due to the influence of some factors, it is more convenient to calculate the emission of heavy metal pollution through the smelter product output and emission factors. At the same time, the emission factors can be corrected according to the monitoring data of the pollutant discharge permit and the environmental impact assessment report to make the calculation results more accurate.

[0043] Step S104, obtaining the heavy metal pollutant emission data according to the monitoring data and the heavy metal pollutant emission amount.

[0044] In the present embodiment, the heavy metal pollutant emission data include the smelter output data and the chimney data of heavy metal pollutant emission, wherein the chimney data include the height of the chimney, the chimney flow, the diameter of the chimney, the position of the chimney, the concentration of heavy metals, the temperature of the flue gas and the heavy metal pollutant emission, and these data are the basis for simulating the diffusion of heavy metal pollution. For example, the chimney height will diffuse farther because the heavy metal pollutants take longer to settle, and from a meteorological point of view, the higher the chimney, the less the wind speed is affected by the ground, and the heavy metal pollutants will diffuse farther along the direction of the wind. The position of the chimney is the starting point of the diffusion source of heavy metal pollutants, and when the heavy metal pollutants diffuse, they will inevitably diffuse from the position of the chimney outlet. The flow of the chimney, the temperature of the flue gas and the diameter of the chimney, etc. will affect the diffusion range of the heavy metal pollutants due to the diffusion speed of the heavy metal pollutants.

[0045] Step S2, obtaining heavy metal deposition data according to the heavy metal pollutant emission data, the regional topographic data and the meteorological data.

[0046] Wherein, obtaining the heavy metal deposition data according to the heavy metal pollutant emission data, the regional terrain data and the meteorological data specifically includes the following sub-steps: Step S201, based on terrain dynamics, overland flow, blocking and mass conservation theory, a three-dimensional meteorological field file is generated according to the meteorological data and the regional terrain data.

[0047] In this embodiment, based on natural science theory, combined with the influence of the natural morphology of the surface and the forests and buildings on the surface on the weather, a three-dimensional weather field file is finally generated. There are many situations that affect the weather. For example, the wind speed will be slowed down or even changed direction due to the influence of forests, buildings and mountains, which is particularly common in complex weather environments.

[0048] A 3D meteorological field file is a data record and description file of the meteorological conditions in a specific area in three-dimensional space, which contains the spatial and temporal distribution information of temperature, air pressure, humidity, wind speed and wind direction meteorological elements. The data in the 3D meteorological field file can better represent complex meteorological conditions such as sea breeze circulation and valley wind circulation.

[0049] The three-dimensional meteorological field file includes wind field construction, temperature field simulation and humidity field determination. Wind field construction refers to the use of mass conservation continuity equations to diagnose and analyze the wind field and generate horizontal and vertical wind field information. It can consider the influence of factors such as terrain and surface roughness on wind, and accurately simulate the flow of wind under different terrain conditions. For example, in complex terrain areas such as valleys and mountains, it can simulate special wind field phenomena such as valley wind and overland flow. Based on meteorological data and calculations of atmospheric physical processes, the temperature distribution in three-dimensional space is generated. It can consider the influence of factors such as solar radiation, surface heat flux, and atmospheric back radiation on temperature, and simulate temperature changes at different times and locations. Analyze the water vapor content and distribution in the atmosphere and generate a humidity field. Consider the evaporation, condensation, and transportation of water vapor, as well as the influence of terrain on water vapor distribution. For example, in areas close to water, the humidity will be relatively high.

[0050] Step S202: obtaining heavy metal soil deposition flux distribution data according to the three-dimensional meteorological field file and the heavy metal pollutant emission data.

[0051] In this embodiment, the heavy metal soil deposition flux data can reflect the total amount of heavy metal pollutants in the atmosphere that are deposited into the ground, water bodies, vegetation, and other ecosystems. By analyzing the distribution of heavy metal soil deposition flux, the potential impact of atmospheric pollutants on the ecosystem can be assessed.

[0052] Heavy metal pollutants will eventually settle slowly to the ground over time through simulated diffusion. At this time, soil deposition flux distribution data of heavy metal pollutants will be formed on the ground. The metal soil deposition flux distribution data contains deposition flux values ​​at different locations, such as spatial distribution information of heavy metal pollutants and time variation information of heavy metal pollutants. Spatial distribution information of heavy metal pollutants refers to the soil deposition flux conditions at each spatial location point in a specific simulation area. For example, in the simulation of urban heavy metal diffusion, soil deposition flux data of different blocks and different geographical coordinates of the city will be given, showing the spatial differences in the deposition of heavy metal pollutants in the soil. This is of great significance for understanding the degree of deposition of heavy metal pollutants in different regions and the possible impact on the ecological environment in different regions. Time variation information of metal pollutants refers to the changes in soil deposition flux of heavy metal pollutants reflected at different time nodes. Because the emission of atmospheric heavy metal pollutants, meteorological conditions and other factors will change over time, the soil deposition flux will also vary accordingly in different time periods. The data can be used to understand the dynamic changes of soil deposition flux in different time periods.

[0053] According to the three-dimensional meteorological field file and the heavy metal pollutant emission data, heavy metal atmospheric concentration distribution data can also be obtained. Among them, heavy metal atmospheric concentration distribution data is an important basis for evaluating the quality of the atmospheric environment. The concentration levels of heavy metal pollutants in different regions can be determined, and high-value and low-value areas of heavy metal pollution can be identified, so as to fully understand the spatial distribution characteristics of atmospheric pollution. This is of great significance for environmental management departments to formulate air quality standards, divide pollution control areas, and evaluate public health risks.

[0054] Step S203: obtaining the heavy metal deposition data according to the heavy metal soil deposition flux distribution data.

[0055] In this embodiment, by extracting important data from the heavy metal soil deposition flux distribution data, heavy metal deposition data can be obtained. Among them, the heavy metal deposition data includes dry deposition data and wet deposition data. Dry deposition data refers to the data that heavy metal pollutants in the atmosphere are deposited to the ground through physical processes such as gravity deposition, turbulent diffusion and surface absorption in the absence of precipitation, and wet deposition data refers to the data that heavy metal pollutants in the atmosphere are removed to the ground in the form of precipitation.

[0056] Heavy metal deposition data will affect soil environmental quality. Heavy metal pollutants in dry deposition will gradually accumulate on the soil surface. By analyzing heavy metal deposition data, we can understand the impact of heavy metal pollutants in the atmosphere on soil quality. Excessive dry deposition data may lead to soil pollution, affect soil fertility, structure and microbial community, and transfer heavy metal pollutants from soil to plants.

[0057] In step S203, the heavy metal sedimentation data satisfies the following formula: in, is the ground concentration of heavy metals, Strong source of heavy metals, , and For different diffusion coefficients, is the downwind distance, is the horizontal distance, is the effective height, is the height of the mixing layer, is the vertical term of the Gaussian equation.

[0058] Step S3, arranging soil monitoring points according to the heavy metal deposition data in combination with the regional topographic data and the meteorological data.

[0059] The process of setting up soil monitoring points according to the heavy metal deposition data, combined with the regional terrain data and the meteorological data specifically includes the following sub-steps: Step S301, determining the heavy metal sedimentation direction according to the heavy metal sedimentation data.

[0060] In this embodiment, when heavy metal pollutants diffuse, they will diffuse and settle over time according to the meteorological environment. In this process, the concentration of heavy metal pollutants will slowly decrease as the range expands. Therefore, the pollution range and degree of heavy metal pollutants can be seen from the heavy metal sedimentation data. The direction of heavy metal sedimentation can be determined according to the changes in the degree of heavy metal pollution within the range. At the same time, the direction of heavy metal sedimentation also represents the diffusion trend of heavy metal pollutants.

[0061] Step S302: arranging the soil monitoring points according to the heavy metal precipitation direction.

[0062] In this embodiment, when monitoring the points, Figure 2 As shown, the arrangement is based on the degree of metal pollutants from strong to weak. For example, more points can be arranged in areas with serious heavy metal pollution, and fewer points can be arranged in areas with slight pollution. At the same time, the terrain and land use issues should also be considered when arranging. For example, in residential areas, water resource areas and farmland areas, monitoring points can be arranged regardless of the degree of pollution.

[0063] Step S4, calculating the health risk based on the population data and the heavy metal deposition data.

[0064] Calculating the health risk based on the population data and the heavy metal deposition data specifically includes the following sub-steps: Step S401, calculating the heavy metal exposure of children, adult males and adult females respectively.

[0065] In this embodiment, the amount of heavy metal exposure refers to the total amount of heavy metals ingested by the human body through different pathways. The amount of heavy metal exposure directly affects human health, and excessive heavy metal exposure may lead to a variety of health problems. Heavy metal pollutants can exist in the air in a floating form and enter the human body with human breathing activities. Heavy metal pollutants have a particularly large impact on water quality. When heavy metals in the soil contaminate groundwater, drinking water sources will be contaminated. After people drink contaminated water, heavy metals enter the human body, or when heavy metal pollutants settle in the water during diffusion, heavy metal pollutants enter the fish body and gradually accumulate because they cannot be metabolized. When people eat contaminated fish, heavy metals will be transferred to the human body. Heavy metals in the soil can be absorbed by plants such as pastures and then ingested by herbivores. After the meat, milk, eggs and other products of these animals are eaten by humans, heavy metals will enter the human body. Some heavy metals can also enter the human body through contact with humans and through human skin.

[0066] From the investigation, we know that everyone's physical condition has different exposure to heavy metals. Considering the differences in the population, the population is divided into children, adult males and adult females. This can improve the accuracy of calculating the human body's heavy metal exposure. There are many ways to divide the population. For example, considering age alone, the population can be divided into children, adults and the elderly, or considering gender, the population can be divided into men and women. No matter which method is used to distinguish the population, it is to be able to more accurately calculate the heavy metal exposure.

[0067] In step S401, the heavy metal exposure includes oral intake of heavy metal exposure, respiratory intake of heavy metal exposure and skin contact intake of heavy metal exposure, wherein the oral intake of heavy metal exposure, the skin contact intake of heavy metal exposure and the respiratory intake of heavy metal exposure respectively satisfy the following formulas: in, is the oral intake of heavy metal exposure, The exposure to heavy metals through skin contact is The exposure to heavy metals through inhalation is The heavy metal concentrations in the soil monitoring points around the smelter are: is the heavy metal intake factor, is the exposure frequency, is the exposure period, is the average human body weight, is the average exposure time, To expose the skin area, It is a skin adhesion factor. It is a skin absorption factor. Heavy metal inhalation factors, is the particle fugacity coefficient.

[0068] Step S402, calculating the total carcinogenic risk to the human body and the sum of the non-carcinogenic risks to the human body according to the heavy metal exposure amount.

[0069] In this embodiment, considering the impact of heavy metal pollutants on the human body, and few people have made effective assessments of the health of people around smelting enterprises, the total carcinogenic risk to the human body and the sum of the non-carcinogenic risks to the human body are calculated here, which can more effectively grasp whether the impact of heavy metal pollutants on the human body exceeds the threshold, and different plans can be formulated according to different impact levels to reduce the harm of heavy metal pollutants to the human body.

[0070] The effects of heavy metal pollutants on the human body mainly include the nervous system, digestive system, respiratory system, urinary system, immune system and reproductive system.

[0071] Among them, the effects on the nervous system include neurotoxicity and cognitive dysfunction. Many heavy metals such as lead and mercury are neurotoxic. Lead can interfere with the normal function of the nervous system, affect the release and transmission of neurotransmitters, and lead to intellectual retardation, learning difficulties, abnormal behavior, etc. in children. Adults who are exposed to lead for a long time may also experience symptoms such as memory loss, insomnia, and depression. Heavy metal exposure may affect the cognitive function of the brain. For example, long-term exposure to manganese can lead to symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease, affecting motor coordination and cognitive ability.

[0072] The impact of heavy metal pollutants on the digestive system includes gastrointestinal damage and nutrient absorption. For example, after heavy metals such as cadmium and arsenic enter the human body, they may irritate and damage the gastrointestinal mucosa, causing symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Long-term intake of cadmium-containing food or water may lead to chronic gastroenteritis, gastric ulcers and other diseases. Heavy metals may also interfere with the body's absorption of nutrients. For example, lead can combine with proteins and enzymes, affecting the body's absorption and utilization of trace elements such as calcium, iron, and zinc, leading to problems such as malnutrition and anemia.

[0073] The effects of heavy metal pollutants on the respiratory system include lung damage and respiratory tract irritation. Certain heavy metals such as cadmium and chromium exist in the air in the form of dust or smoke. After being inhaled by the human body, they can be deposited in the lungs, causing lung inflammation, fibrosis and other lesions. Long-term exposure may lead to serious diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer. Heavy metal pollutants may also irritate the respiratory mucosa, causing symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, and difficulty breathing.

[0074] The effects of heavy metal pollutants on the immune system include immune suppression and allergic reactions. Heavy metals can suppress the function of the human immune system and reduce the body's resistance. For example, heavy metals such as lead and cadmium can inhibit the proliferation and activity of lymphocytes, reduce the production of antibodies, and make the human body more susceptible to diseases. Mercury poisoning may also cause immune system disorders and increase the risk of autoimmune diseases. Some people may have allergic reactions to specific heavy metals. For example, nickel allergies are more common among the population, and contact with nickel-containing metal products such as jewelry and coins may cause allergic symptoms such as itching, redness, and rashes.

[0075] The effects of heavy metal pollutants on the urinary system include kidney damage and urinary stones. Heavy metals such as cadmium, mercury, and lead are mainly excreted through the kidneys. Long-term exposure to these heavy metals may cause kidney damage. Cadmium poisoning can cause renal tubular dysfunction, proteinuria, glucosuria and other symptoms, and in severe cases can develop into renal failure. Mercury poisoning can also cause kidney damage, manifested as glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome. Some heavy metals such as calcium oxalate stones are related to hypercalciuria and hyperoxaluria, while lead poisoning may affect calcium metabolism and increase the risk of urinary stones.

[0076] The effects of heavy metal pollutants on the reproductive system include reproductive dysfunction and abnormal fetal development. Heavy metals have potential hazards to the reproductive system. Long-term exposure to heavy metals such as lead and cadmium in men may lead to a decrease in sperm count, decreased motility, and increased deformity rates, thus affecting fertility. Exposure to heavy metals in women may affect ovarian function, leading to problems such as irregular menstruation, ovulation disorders, and infertility. Exposure to heavy metals in pregnant women may have serious effects on the fetus. For example, heavy metals such as lead and mercury can enter the fetus through the placenta, affecting the growth and development of the fetus, leading to premature birth, low birth weight, mental retardation, deformities, and other problems.

[0077] In step S402, the sum of the non-carcinogenic risk of the human body and the total carcinogenic risk of the human body satisfy the following formulas respectively: in, is the sum of non-carcinogenic risks to humans, is the total cancer risk, Non-carcinogenic risk to humans. Carcinogenic risk to humans, is the exposure amount of heavy metals in different exposure pathways, For different exposure routes, is the non-carcinogenic reference dose. is the carcinogenic slope factor.

[0078] In one or some other embodiments of the present invention, before executing the step of: calculating the health risk based on the population data and the heavy metal deposition data before setting up soil monitoring points based on the heavy metal deposition data in combination with the regional terrain data and the meteorological data. The specific steps and methods involved are basically similar to the above and will not be repeated here.

[0079] In one or some other embodiments of the present invention, in the step of: laying out soil monitoring points according to the heavy metal deposition data, combining the regional terrain data and the meteorological data, and calculating health risks according to the population data and the heavy metal deposition data. The specific steps and methods involved are basically similar to the above and will not be repeated here.

[0080] It should be additionally explained that the step of deploying soil monitoring points according to the heavy metal deposition data in combination with the regional terrain data and the meteorological data and the step of calculating health risks according to the population data and the heavy metal deposition data can also be performed simultaneously.

[0081] like Figure 3 As shown, on the other hand, the present invention also provides a soil heavy metal monitoring point layout and health assessment system around a smelter, including: a processor, an input device, an output device and a memory, wherein the processor, the input device, the output device and the memory are interconnected, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the computer program includes program instructions, and the processor is configured to call the program instructions to execute relevant steps of a related embodiment of a soil heavy metal monitoring point layout and health assessment method around a smelter according to the present invention.

[0082] The present invention provides a soil heavy metal monitoring point distribution and health assessment system around a smelter, wherein each functional component can be integrated into one processing component, or each component can exist physically separately, or two or more components can be integrated into one component. The above-mentioned integrated components can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functions.

[0083] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope described in the present invention application.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring and health assessment of heavy metals in soil around a smelter, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain heavy metal pollutant emission data, regional topographic data, meteorological data, and population data; Obtaining heavy metal deposition data based on the heavy metal pollutant emission data, the regional topographic data and the meteorological data; Arrange soil monitoring points according to the heavy metal deposition data in combination with the regional topographic data and the meteorological data; The health risk is calculated based on the population data and the heavy metal deposition data.

2. The method for monitoring and distributing heavy metals in soil around a smelter and for health assessment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The acquisition of heavy metal pollutant emission data includes: Obtain monitoring data; Construct a heavy metal pollutant emission inventory model for smelters; Obtaining heavy metal pollutant emissions based on the monitoring data and the heavy metal pollutant emission inventory model of the smelter; The heavy metal pollutant emission data is obtained according to the monitoring data and the heavy metal pollutant emission amount.

3. The method for monitoring and distributing heavy metals in soil around a smelter and for health assessment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The obtaining of heavy metal deposition data according to the heavy metal pollutant emission data, the regional topographic data and the meteorological data comprises: Generate a three-dimensional meteorological field file based on the meteorological data and the regional terrain data based on theories including terrain dynamics, overland flow, blocking and mass conservation; Obtaining heavy metal soil deposition flux distribution data according to the three-dimensional meteorological field file and the heavy metal pollutant emission data; The heavy metal deposition data is obtained according to the heavy metal soil deposition flux distribution data.

4. The method for monitoring and distributing heavy metals in soil around a smelter and for health assessment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The arranging of soil monitoring points according to the heavy metal deposition data in combination with the regional topographic data and the meteorological data comprises: Determining the heavy metal sedimentation direction according to the heavy metal sedimentation data; The soil monitoring points are arranged according to the precipitation direction of the heavy metals.

5. The method for monitoring and distributing heavy metals in soil around a smelter and for health assessment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The smelter heavy metal pollutant emission inventory model satisfies the following formula: in, is the emission of heavy metals, is the product output, is the emission factor.

6. The method for monitoring and distributing heavy metals in soil around a smelter and for health assessment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heavy metal sedimentation data satisfies the following formula: in, is the ground concentration of heavy metals, Strong source of heavy metals, , and For different diffusion coefficients, is the downwind distance, is the horizontal distance, is the effective height, is the height of the mixing layer, is the vertical term of the Gaussian equation.

7. The method for monitoring and distributing heavy metals in soil around a smelter and for health assessment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculating of health risks according to the population data and the heavy metal deposition data comprises: Heavy metal exposure was calculated separately for children, adult males, and adult females; Based on the heavy metal exposure, the total carcinogenic risk to the human body is calculated, and the sum of the non-carcinogenic risks to the human body is calculated.

8. The method for monitoring and distributing heavy metals in soil around a smelter and for health assessment according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The heavy metal exposure includes oral intake of heavy metal exposure, respiratory intake of heavy metal exposure and skin contact intake of heavy metal exposure, wherein the oral intake of heavy metal exposure, the skin contact intake of heavy metal exposure and the respiratory intake of heavy metal exposure respectively meet the following formulas: in, is the oral intake of heavy metal exposure, The exposure to heavy metals through skin contact is The exposure to heavy metals through inhalation is The heavy metal concentrations in the soil monitoring points around the smelter are: is the heavy metal intake factor, is the exposure frequency, is the exposure period, is the average human body weight, is the average exposure time, To expose the skin area, It is a skin adhesion factor. It is a skin absorption factor. Heavy metal inhalation factors, is the particle fugacity coefficient.

9. The method for monitoring and distributing heavy metals in soil around a smelter and for health assessment according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The sum of the non-carcinogenic risk to the human body and the total carcinogenic risk to the human body satisfy the following formulas respectively: in, is the sum of non-carcinogenic risks to humans, is the total cancer risk, Non-carcinogenic risk to humans. Carcinogenic risk to humans, is the exposure amount of heavy metals in different exposure pathways, For different exposure routes, is the non-carcinogenic reference dose. is the carcinogenic slope factor.

10. A soil heavy metal monitoring and health assessment system around a smelter, characterized in that: include: A processor, an input device, an output device and a memory, wherein the processor, the input device, the output device and the memory are interconnected, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, the computer program includes program instructions, and the processor is configured to call the program instructions to execute a method for monitoring and distributing heavy metals in the soil around a smelter and a health assessment method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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