Longitudinal shaft type heading machine cutting head and mounting structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a longitudinal shaft type heading machine cutting head and a mounting structure. The cutting head comprises a cutting head body, and a mounting plate, a plurality of cutting teeth and a plurality of guide plates which are mounted on the cutting head body; the cutting head body comprises a front head body, a middle head body and a rear head body which are sequentially connected, the mounting plate is positioned inside the cutting head and is connected to the junction of the front head body and the middle head body, and the plurality of cutting teeth are spirally distributed on the outer surfaces of the front head body, the middle head body and the rear head body; wherein in the axial direction of the cutting head, the diameters of the front head body and the middle head body are gradually increased, the diameter of the rear head body is kept unchanged, and the length of the front head body is the sum of the length of the middle head body and the length of the rear head body. The cutting head solves the problems that an existing cutting head is poor in material cleaning effect and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine tunnel equipment, and in particular relates to a longitudinal axis roadheader cutting head and a mounting structure. Background Art

[0002] The cutting head of a longitudinal axis roadheader is a rotating part that directly cuts rocks on the roadheader. However, the cutting head plays not only the cutting role of breaking rocks and dropping coal, but also the role of sweeping the bottom and clearing materials. Among them, the average diameter of the existing longitudinal axis cutting head is about 800mm, and most of the cutting heads are about 900mm long. When the cutting head is lying on the bottom, the distance between the tail end and the roadheader shovel is about 500mm, that is, the gap between its tail end and the roadheader shovel is large. During the downward and left and right swinging cutting process, the cutting head will remove the floating coal to the loading and transportation mechanism of the roadheader and be transported to At the rear, there is a problem of poor material clearing effect. However, if the length of the cutting head is directly increased to reduce the gap between it and the tunnel boring machine, on the one hand, since the increased part accounts for nearly 60% of the main volume of the cutting head, the increased material cost is relatively large. On the other hand, the weight of the cutting head also increases by nearly 60%. For the cutting head that weighs one ton and is located at the head of the entire tunnel boring machine, the increase of nearly 600 kilograms in weight is a huge change for the gravity distribution of the entire tunnel boring machine, and the weight distribution of the entire tunnel boring machine needs to be rearranged, which is very difficult. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a longitudinal axis roadheader cutting head, which can solve at least part of the above technical problems.

[0004] The first aspect of the disclosed embodiments provides a longitudinal-axis tunnel boring machine cutting head, comprising a cutting head body and a mounting plate, a plurality of cutting teeth and a plurality of guide plates mounted on the cutting head body; the cutting head body comprises a front head body, a middle head body and a rear head body connected in sequence, the mounting plate is located inside the cutting head and connected to the junction of the front head body and the middle head body, and the plurality of cutting teeth are spirally distributed on the outer surfaces of the front head body, the middle head body and the rear head body; wherein, along the axial direction of the cutting head, the diameters of the front head body and the middle head body gradually increase and the diameter of the rear head body remains unchanged, and the length of the front head body is the sum of the length of the middle head body and the length of the rear head body.

[0005] Optionally, the length of the middle head body is smaller than the length of the rear head body.

[0006] Optionally, the length of the middle head body is A, and the length of the rear head body is B, wherein B≤4A.

[0007] Optionally, the length of the middle head body is A, and the length of the rear head body is B, wherein B≥2A.

[0008] Optionally, a mounting opening is provided at one end of the front head body away from the middle head body, and the cutting head further comprises a plug; the plug is provided with a lifting threaded hole.

[0009] Optionally, the cutting head further comprises a plurality of nozzles; the plurality of nozzles are mounted on the outer surface of the front head body.

[0010] A second aspect of the disclosed embodiments provides a mounting structure for a cutting head of a longitudinal-axis roadheader, wherein the mounting structure comprises the cutting head of the longitudinal-axis roadheader as described above.

[0011] Optionally, the mounting structure further includes a tunnel boring machine and a cutting spindle, one end of the cutting spindle is mounted on the tunnel boring machine, and the other end of the cutting spindle is fixedly connected to the mounting plate via a fastener.

[0012] Optionally, one of the cutting spindle and the mounting plate is provided with a groove, and the other is provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion is tightly fitted with the groove.

[0013] Optionally, along the axial direction of the longitudinal roadheader cutting head, the length of the cutting spindle is C, wherein 3 / 10C≤A+B≤1 / 2C.

[0014] The main technical effect achieved by the embodiment of the present disclosure is: the present disclosure moves the mounting plate away from the tunnel boring machine so that the mounting plate moves from the original junction of the cone and the cylinder to the junction of the front head body and the middle head body, and the front head body and the middle head body are both conical structures. In other words, the mounting plate is moved from the original junction of the cone and the cylinder into the cone, so that the cutting head as a whole moves a part toward the tunnel boring machine, thereby reducing the gap between the cutting head as a whole and the tunnel boring machine; at the same time, the length of the front head body is the sum of the length of the middle head body and the length of the rear head body. On the one hand, the cutting head as a whole changes from the original length L that needs to be increased to the length L minus the length A of the middle head body, thereby reducing the material cost. On the other hand, because the center of gravity of the cutting head is closer to the tunnel boring machine and the weight of the cutting head as a whole is not increased much, the tunnel boring machine can adopt the cutting head in the embodiment of the present disclosure without changing the existing gravity distribution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of a cutting head of a longitudinal-axis roadheader in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a top view of a cutting head of a longitudinal-axis roadheader in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the side view structure of a cutting head of a longitudinal axis roadheader in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0018] Figure 4 For this disclosure Figure 3 AA section view in;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a bottom view structural schematic diagram of a guide plate in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 6 A schematic top view of a spray water hole in a cutting head body according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cutting head body viewed from above in one embodiment of the present invention is provided.

[0022] Explanation of the accompanying reference numerals: 1. Cutting head; 2. Raised portion; 3. First screw; 4. Connecting pin; 5. O-ring; 6. Cutting spindle; 7. Second screw; 11. Cutting head body; 12. Guide plate; 13. Tooth seat; 14. Cutting tooth; 111. Plug; 112. Nozzle; 113. Front head body; 114. Rear head body; 115. Middle head body; 121. Wear-resistant welding rod; 122. Wear-resistant block; 15. Mounting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The modes described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all modes consistent with the present disclosure. Instead, they are merely examples of devices consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0024] The terms used in the present disclosure are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present disclosure should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present disclosure belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present disclosure specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, similar words such as "one" or "one" do not indicate a quantitative limitation, but indicate that there is at least one, and if only "one" is referred to, it will be separately described. "Multiple" or "several" means two or more. Unless otherwise specified, similar words such as "front", "rear", "lower" and / or "upper" are only for the convenience of explanation, and are not limited to one position or one spatial orientation. Similar words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects appearing in front of "include" or "comprise" cover the elements or objects listed after "include" or "comprise" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. "Connected" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, and may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0025] like Figure 2-Figure 7As shown, the first aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a longitudinal axis type tunnel boring machine cutting head 1, including a cutting head body 11 and a mounting plate 15 mounted on the cutting head body 11, a plurality of cutting teeth 14 and a plurality of guide plates 12; the cutting head body 11 includes a front head body 113, a middle head body 115 and a rear head body 114 connected in sequence, the mounting plate 15 is located inside the cutting head 1 and connected to the junction of the front head body 113 and the middle head body 115, and the plurality of cutting teeth 14 and the guide plates 12 are connected to the front head body 113 and the middle head body 115. 4 includes three pick teeth bars spirally distributed on the outer surfaces of the front head body 113, the middle head body 115 and the rear head body 114, and a plurality of guide plates 12 correspond to the pick teeth bars one by one; the guide plates 12 are along the tooth holder 13 on each pick teeth bar, close to the side of the tooth holder 13 and welded to the surface of the cutting head 1, and the bottom of the guide plates 12 facing downwards is welded with wear-resistant welding rods 121 and wear-resistant blocks 122 to play the role of backflow and wear resistance during the cutting process. The wear-resistant block 122 is composed of a wear-resistant layer and a base material, and the base material layer contacts the guide plate 12 to improve the welding firmness; the wear-resistant layer faces outward to improve the wear resistance in contact with coal and rock. Among them, along the axial direction of the cutting head 1, the diameters of the front head body 113 and the middle head body 115 gradually increase, and the diameter of the rear head body 114 remains unchanged, and the length of the front head body 113 is the sum of the length of the middle head body 115 and the length of the rear head body 114.

[0026] The present invention moves the mounting plate 15 away from the tunnel boring machine, so that the mounting plate 15 moves from the original junction of the cone and the cylinder to the junction of the front head body 113 and the middle head body 115, and the front head body 113 and the middle head body 115 are both conical structures. In other words, the mounting plate 15 moves from the original junction of the cone and the cylinder to the inside of the cone, so that the cutting head 1 as a whole moves a part toward the tunnel boring machine, thereby reducing the gap between the cutting head 1 as a whole and the tunnel boring machine; at the same time, the front head body 11 The length of 3 is the sum of the length of the middle head body 115 and the length of the rear head body 114. On the one hand, the length of the cutting head 1 as a whole is changed from the original length L that needs to be increased, that is, 450mm, to the length L minus the length A of the middle head body 115, that is, 200mm, which reduces the material cost. On the other hand, because the center of gravity of the cutting head 1 is closer to the tunnel boring machine and the overall weight of the cutting head 1 is not increased much, the tunnel boring machine can adopt the cutting head 1 in the disclosed embodiment without changing the existing gravity distribution.

[0027] At the same time, the use of an extended combined cutting head body 11 increases the cutting area. At the same time, the average force of a single cutting tooth 14 is reduced due to the increase in the number of cutting teeth 14, thereby improving the drilling depth and cutting efficiency. The distance between the cutting head 1 and the shovel plate is reduced, and the efficiency of sweeping and clearing materials is improved. When sweeping and clearing materials, the floating coal entering the bottom of the cutting head 1 is reduced, which also reduces the wear on the connecting bolts. At the same time, during the process of cutting coal and rock, the cutting arm device where the cutting spindle 6 is located is better protected to avoid being hit by rocks falling from the roof.

[0028] As an optional embodiment, the length of the middle head body 115 is less than that of the rear head body 114. By setting the length of the rear head body 114 to be larger, on the one hand, the overall mass distribution of the cutting head 1 is more uniform, and on the other hand, the distance between it and the tunneling machine can be effectively reduced.

[0029] As an optional embodiment, the length of the middle head body 115 is A, and the length of the rear head body 114 is B, where B≤4A. By limiting the length of the rear head body 114 to no more than 4 times the length of the middle head body 115, on the one hand, the structural strength and stability of the cutting head 1 are ensured, and structural failure caused by length ratio imbalance is prevented. On the other hand, the appropriate length ratio can ensure the effective contact area of ​​the cutting head 1 during the cutting process, thereby improving the cutting efficiency.

[0030] As an optional embodiment, the length of the middle head body 115 is A, and the length of the rear head body 114 is B, where B ≥ 2A. By ensuring that the length of the rear head body 114 is at least twice the length of the middle head body 115, the carrying capacity of the cutting head 1 is enhanced, so that it can withstand greater cutting force; the larger rear head body 114 can better disperse the cutting force, reduce the wear of a single cutting tooth 14, and extend the service life of the cutting head 1.

[0031] As an optional embodiment, a mounting port is provided at one end of the front head body 113 away from the middle head body 115, and the cutting head 1 further comprises a plug 111; the plug 111 is provided with a lifting threaded hole. The design of the mounting port and the plug 111 makes the installation and removal of the cutting head 1 more convenient, and improves the maintenance efficiency; the lifting threaded hole on the plug 111 facilitates the transportation and installation of the cutting head 1, and improves the safety of the operation.

[0032] As an optional embodiment, the cutting head 1 further includes a plurality of nozzles 112, which are installed on the outer surface of the front head body 113. The arrangement of the nozzles 112 can realize cooling and cleaning of the cutting teeth 14, reduce the wear of the cutting teeth 14, extend the service life of the cutting teeth 14, and improve the cutting efficiency.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the second aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a mounting structure of a longitudinal axis type tunnel boring machine cutting head 1, the mounting structure comprising the longitudinal axis type tunnel boring machine cutting head 1 as described above. The mounting structure also comprises a tunnel boring machine and a cutting spindle 6, one end of the cutting spindle 6 is mounted on the tunnel boring machine, and the other end of the cutting spindle 6 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 15 by a fastener.

[0034] As an optional embodiment, one of the cutting spindle 6 and the mounting plate 15 is provided with a groove, and the other is provided with a protrusion 2, and the protrusion 2 is tightly matched with the groove. The concave-convex matching design of the cutting spindle 6 and the mounting plate 15 improves the tightness and stability of the connection, avoids the torque between the cutting spindle 6 and the cutting head 1 from being concentrated on the bolts used to connect the cutting head 1 and the cutting spindle 6, and causes the bolts to break easily, thereby increasing the shear resistance and torque transmission of the cutting head 1.

[0035] Continue to refer Figure 1 The tail of the rear head body 114 is provided with two grooves, one center pin hole, and 26 threaded holes, which are respectively used to install the raised portion 2, the connecting pin 4, and the second screw 7. The above structures cooperate together to increase the shear resistance and torque transmission of the cutting head 1, to serve as a bridge to connect the internal spray water flow between the cutting spindle 6 and the cutting head 1, and to connect and tighten the cutting spindle 6 and the cutting head 1. A plurality of O-rings 5 ​​are installed on the circumferential surface of the connecting pin 4 to ensure a closed environment during the internal spray water flow during the synchronous rotation of the cutting spindle 6 and the cutting head 1 to avoid water leakage. Among them, the raised portion 2 is fixed to the cutting spindle 6 by the first screw 3.

[0036] As an optional embodiment, along the axial direction of the longitudinal axis roadheader cutting head 1, the length of the cutting main shaft 6 is C, wherein 3 / 10C≤A+B≤1 / 2C. The compact cutting head 1 design reduces the accumulation space of floating coal during the cutting process, helps to reduce the floating coal from entering the bottom of the cutting head 1, thereby reducing the wear on the connecting bolts, and also improves the cleaning efficiency.

[0037] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A longitudinal axis roadheader cutting head, characterized in that: The longitudinal axis tunnel boring machine cutting head includes a front head body, a middle head body, a rear head body, a mounting plate, a plurality of cutting teeth and a plurality of guide plates; the front head body, the middle head body and the rear head body are connected in sequence, the mounting plate is located inside the cutting head and is connected to the junction of the front head body and the middle head body, and the plurality of cutting teeth are spirally distributed on the outer surfaces of the front head body, the middle head body and the rear head body; wherein, along the axial direction of the cutting head, the diameters of the front head body and the middle head body gradually increase and the diameter of the rear head body remains unchanged, and the length of the front head body is the sum of the length of the middle head body and the length of the rear head body.

2. A longitudinal axis roadheader cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the middle head body is shorter than the length of the rear head body.

3. A longitudinal axis roadheader cutting head according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the middle head body is A, and the length of the rear head body is B, wherein B≤4A.

4. A longitudinal axis roadheader cutting head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The length of the middle head body is A, and the length of the rear head body is B, wherein B≥2A.

5. A longitudinal axis roadheader cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that: An installation opening is provided at one end of the front head body away from the middle head body, and the cutting head also includes a plug; the plug is provided with a lifting threaded hole.

6. A longitudinal axis roadheader cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting head also includes a plurality of nozzles; the plurality of nozzles are installed on the outer surface of the front head body.

7. A mounting structure for a cutting head of a longitudinal-axis tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: The mounting structure comprises a longitudinal-axis roadheader cutting head as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The installation structure of the cutting head of a longitudinal-axis roadheader according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mounting structure further comprises a tunnel boring machine and a cutting spindle, one end of the cutting spindle is mounted on the tunnel boring machine, and the other end of the cutting spindle is fixedly connected to the mounting plate via a fastener.

9. The installation structure of the cutting head of a longitudinal-axis roadheader according to claim 8, characterized in that: One of the cutting spindle and the mounting plate is provided with a groove, and the other is provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion is tightly matched with the groove.

10. The installation structure of a cutting head of a longitudinal-axis roadheader according to claim 8, characterized in that: Along the axial direction of the cutting head of the longitudinal axis roadheader, the length of the cutting main axis is C, wherein 3 / 10C≤A+B≤1 / 2C.

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