Track structure with high stability for tunnel construction

Abstract

The invention relates to a track structure with high stability in tunnel construction, in particular to a track structure with high stability in tunnel construction. The problems that in shield or TBM construction in the prior art, due to the fact that the ground condition is complex, transferring slagging-off, slag cleaning or excavating equipment is not smooth in advancing, and the equipment stability degree is low are solved. The device comprises a fixed support installed on a vehicle chassis, the section of the fixed support is in a C shape, the arc-shaped section faces outwards to be clamped on the vehicle chassis, a supporting frame and a rotating frame are installed on the outer arc face of the fixed support, a roller is arranged at the end of the supporting frame, one end of the rotating frame is connected with the supporting frame in a hinged mode, and the other end of the rotating frame is connected with the supporting frame in a hinged mode. The other end is hinged with the fixed bracket; a hydraulic telescopic rod is arranged on the rotating frame, and a protection baffle is arranged in front of the rolling wheels. The device has the advantages that rapid adaptation switching between the rail terrain and the trackless terrain in the tunnel is achieved, all functional vehicles can further stably pass through the tunnel, meanwhile, the standard part type design is convenient to adapt to various types of vehicles in the tunnel, and the adaptability is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a crawler structure with high stability used in tunnel construction, in particular to a crawler structure with high stability used in tunnel construction. Background Art

[0002] Material transfer in tunnel construction is a key link, which directly affects the efficiency and progress of construction. In the TBM (tunnel boring machine) construction method, efficient material transportation is particularly important. Here are some key information about tunnel construction transfer: TBM tunnel transportation construction method: This method uses a tunnel boring machine to excavate underground rocks and installs a conveying system in the tunnel to transport the excavated rocks and soil from the tunnel to the ground. It has the characteristics of high efficiency, regular linear shape and reduced impact on the surrounding environment. Research on efficient material transportation technology for ultra-long tunnels: With the increasing demand for the construction of ultra-long tunnels, the requirements for material transportation are also getting higher and higher. Research work focuses on how to improve material transportation efficiency and shorten construction period. Optimization of material transportation mode conversion plan: By adding new transportation channels and concrete transfer platforms, the demand for large auxiliary equipment is reduced and the efficiency of concrete transfer is improved. In addition, the optimization of rail transportation track support also helps to increase transportation speed and meet the needs of continuous and rapid excavation of TBM and synchronous lining construction. Method for transporting materials and soil for TBM tunnel construction: The patent proposes a transportation method, including setting up an auxiliary channel between the main tunnel and the horizontal guide tunnel, and setting up temporary transportation lines and multiple horizontal guide transportation lines in the entry section and excavation section of the small TBM machine. This method is coordinated with the construction process to ensure that the transportation of materials and soil is compatible with the excavation progress.

[0003] In tunnel construction, there are many transfer equipments, such as: the transfer equipments used in tunnel construction mainly include the following: tunnel boring machines used to dig tunnels from underground, ballast machines that load soil and rocks accumulated on the working surface into transport equipment and transport them out of the cave, excavation with tunnel boring machines or shield machines, rock drills and grouting machines used to set anchors for drilling holes, and special concrete spraying machines and concrete spraying manipulators required for shotcrete operations, and equipment for preparing and transporting concrete materials. The applicant believes that the current technology has the following problems, that is, the feeding channel is sometimes tracked and sometimes trackless, and the changing environment makes it difficult to adapt to each type of transfer and transportation equipment, especially tracked transportation equipment. When it is in the tracked stage, there is a conflict between the track and the track.

[0004] Furthermore, the requirements for road clearance for tracked and trackless passages are also different, and there is often the need for road clearance during the conversion process. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem in the prior art that the slag transport, slag removal or excavation equipment cannot move smoothly and the equipment has low stability due to complex ground conditions in shield or TBM construction.

[0006] The specific scheme of the present invention is: A crawler structure with high stability for use in tunnel construction is designed, including an auxiliary support system, the auxiliary support system includes a fixed bracket installed on a vehicle chassis, the cross-section of the fixed bracket is C-shaped, and its arc direction is so as to be clamped on the vehicle chassis, a support frame and a rotating frame are installed on its outer arc surface, rollers are arranged at the ends of the support frame, one end of the two ends of the rotating frame is hingedly connected to the support frame, and the other end is hingedly connected to the fixed bracket; a hydraulic telescopic rod is provided on the rotating frame, and a protective baffle is arranged in front of the roller; the roller shaft on which the roller is installed includes screw shafts at both ends and a nut shaft in the middle, the nut shaft is clamped on the support frame and only retains the freedom of rotation, and the screw shaft and the nut shaft are threadedly matched.

[0007] In a specific implementation, a hook joint is provided at the front end of the support frame, a dust cover is provided above the hydraulic telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod includes a hydraulic telescopic mechanism. The hydraulic telescopic mechanism is together with a hydraulic source, and a pressure measuring component is provided in a pipeline connected to the pressure source.

[0008] In a specific implementation, the hydraulic telescopic mechanism includes a main telescopic rod and a wing telescopic rod that drives the main telescopic rod to swing.

[0009] In a specific implementation, the roller is a quick-release roller, and its outer contour corresponds to the contour shape and position of the track in the construction tunnel.

[0010] In a specific implementation, a clamping structure is provided between the fixed bracket and the chassis of the crawler structure, and a positioning hole is provided at a corresponding position of the anchoring positioning nail provided on the clamping structure.

[0011] In a specific implementation, a transmission mechanism driven by a shift fork gear is provided between the output shaft of the vehicle and the axle of the roller.

[0012] In a specific implementation, a probe rod is installed on the roller main shafts on both sides of the front of the vehicle. The height of the probe rod is not lower than the lowest height of the track suspension, and the length of the probe rod is not less than the distance from the edge of the track to the roller.

[0013] In a specific implementation, the dust cover is provided with an auxiliary deslagging mechanism, which includes a scraper driven by an auxiliary hydraulic cylinder group, and a rotation connection is provided between the scraper and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder group. The axis of the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder group is parallel to the axis of the hydraulic telescopic rod on the rotating frame; a limit plate is provided on the protective baffle to constrain the freedom of the scraper, and the installation position of the scraper is parallel to the forward direction of the vehicle, and a counterweight is installed at the rear of the corresponding transport vehicle.

[0014] In a specific implementation, the scraper is in the shape of a bucket, with a hollow bottom, a push plate provided on the inner side, and a push-pull hydraulic rod group provided between the push plate and the side.

[0015] In a specific implementation, an elastic reset mechanism is also provided between the scraper and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder group. The elastic reset mechanism includes a connecting rod coaxially mounted on the end of the hydraulic rod. The connecting rod is connected to the end of the hydraulic rod via a spring, and the other end of the connecting rod is installed with the rotating connection.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: By adjusting the position of the rollers, the conversion between tracked transport and trackless transport of tracked transfer vehicles can be quickly achieved.

[0017] There are various power modes, which can be hoisted by power equipment or connected to the transfer equipment itself through a fork-type transmission mechanism; The function of the probe rod is to sense the rocks on both sides of the travel direction in advance, and to protect the crawler equipment in combination with the construction environment; The rollers can be quickly installed and removed to match various standardized tracks; The design of the ballast removal equipment effectively solves the road ballast removal needs caused by different channel requirements, and further realizes the overall stable operation of the equipment; In another embodiment, a ballast removal system is added to completely make up for the dead angle of ballast removal, and at the same time, it has a certain tunnel ballast removal effect. At the same time, as a small load-bearing equipment in tunnel construction, it is designed within its mechanical bearing range to achieve rapid cleaning of residual ballast in the tunnel. Subsequently, it is combined with a belt conveyor mechanism and a transport vehicle to effectively improve the ballast removal efficiency and effectively prevent the impact of transport track debris on vehicle operation. During operation, the bucket can rotate. On the one hand, the spring design can provide a certain buffer during the falling process. On the other hand, it can be folded up when not in use to avoid scraping the ground again. During the scraping process, it has a certain angle with the ground for a good scraping effect. The bucket can protect the site and clean the ground environment of the tunnel. In specific work, the rotating equipment is designed as a quick-release equipment, which can further achieve timely retraction and release. The specific quick release can be achieved through quick-release positioning pins and positioning pin holes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a front view of the structure after assembly of the present invention; Figure 2 is a top view of the assembled structure of the present invention; Figure 3 is a left side view of the assembled structure of another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a right side view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 5 is a stereogram of the present invention after assembly; Figure 6 is a three-dimensional diagram of the auxiliary travel device of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a front view of the auxiliary traveling device in the present invention; Figure 8 is a top view of the auxiliary travel device of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a left side view of the auxiliary traveling device of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a right side view of the auxiliary travel device in the present invention; Fig.11 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention; Fig.12 is a front view of another embodiment of the present invention; Fig.13 is a top view of another embodiment of the present invention; Fig.14 is a left side view of another embodiment of the present invention; Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the shift fork transmission; Fig.16 It is a structural schematic diagram of the roller shaft thread adjustment part; The names of the components in the figure are: 1. Vehicle; 2. Roller; 3. Fixed bracket; 4. Rotating frame; 5. Support frame; 6. Protective baffle; 7. Track; 8. Dust cover; 9. Hook joint; 10. Telescopic rod; 11. Probe rod; 12. Positioning pin; 13. Scraper; 14. Limit plate; 15. Push plate; 16. Auxiliary hydraulic cylinder group; 17. Idle gear driven by shift fork; 18. Power input end; 19. Roller shaft; 20. Screw shaft; 21. Nut shaft; 22. Limiting device of nut shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention. Example 1

[0020] A highly stable crawler structure used in tunnel construction, see Figures 1 to 6The design includes a fixed bracket 3 installed on the vehicle chassis, the cross section of the fixed bracket 3 is C-shaped, and its arc is facing outward so that it can be clamped on the vehicle chassis, and the outer arc surface thereof is installed with a support frame 5 and a rotating frame 4, and the end of the support frame 5 is provided with a roller 2, and one end of the two ends of the rotating frame 4 is hingedly connected to the support frame 5, and the other end is hingedly connected to the fixed bracket 3; the rotating frame 4 is provided with a hydraulic telescopic rod 10, and a protective baffle 6 is arranged in front of the roller 2; the roller shaft for installing the roller 2 includes a screw shaft 20 at both ends and a nut shaft 21 in the middle, and the nut shaft 21 is clamped on the support frame 5 and only retains the degree of freedom of rotation, and the screw shaft 20 and the nut shaft 21 are threadedly matched. When the work needs to be converted, the vehicle is first stopped, and then the roller 2 is lowered, and the position of the roller 2 is adjusted to match the track to be matched, and then the roller 2 is further formed to support the entire vehicle, and then the power system is introduced, and the vehicle moves forward or backward with the help of the roller 2. When the track changes to trackless, the working process is reversed. During operation, before the roller 2 bears the load, the screw shaft 20 and the nut shaft 21 can be used to adjust the width to match tracks of various widths.

[0021] The front end of the support frame 5 is provided with a hook joint 9, which is convenient for working in combination with the lifting mechanism.

[0022] A dust cover 8 is provided above the hydraulic telescopic rod 10. On the one hand, it is beneficial to dustproof the equipment and protect the corresponding hydraulic mechanism and pipelines. On the other hand, other supporting equipment can be further installed on the stably installed dust cover 8.

[0023] The telescopic rod 10 includes a hydraulic telescopic mechanism, which is connected to a hydraulic source, and a pressure measuring component is provided in a pipe connected to the pressure source. The roller 2 is a quick-release roller 2, and its outer contour corresponds to the contour shape and position of the track in the construction tunnel. This design can adapt to tracks of multiple standard sizes.

[0024] A clamping structure is provided between the fixed bracket 3 and the chassis of the crawler structure, and an anchoring positioning nail 12 is provided on the clamping structure, and a positioning hole is provided at a matching corresponding position.

[0025] like Fig.15 and 16 A transmission mechanism driven by a shift fork gear is provided between the output shaft of the vehicle and the axle of the roller 2. During operation, when power needs to be transmitted to the roller 2, the position of the shift fork gear is shifted, and the gear position is changed to form a tooth meshing to achieve power transmission, and then the roller 2 drives the vehicle to achieve displacement. To express the principle clearly, Fig.15A simplified drawing method is adopted in which a box is used to represent the power input device in actual work, and the corresponding actual work may be the power input after the transmission shaft is turned. The transmission shaft turning includes parallel shaft transmission and staggered shaft transmission. More specifically, it may be an additional energy source or a branch from the vehicle's own power output. Example 2

[0026] In this embodiment, the working method is the same as that in embodiment 1, the specific difference is that a probe rod 11 is installed on the main shaft of the roller 2 on both sides in front of the vehicle, and the height of the probe rod 11 is not lower than the lowest height of the track 7 suspended in the air, and the length of the probe rod 11 is not less than the distance from the edge of the track 7 to the roller 2. During the operation, the probe rod 11 rotates to detect foreign objects in the space, and avoids foreign objects getting stuck under the track 7 and affecting the displacement of the equipment. During the operation, the design of the tunnel determines that the width of the track 7, that is, the maximum passing width that the tunnel can accommodate, determines that the auxiliary track and roller 2 are mostly difficult to be the same width as the track 7, which often results in the roller 2 passing on the track after deformation, while impurities scratch the track 7, and even cause the equipment to get stuck. This embodiment is mainly to solve this problem. A probe rod is designed on the outer edge of the roller 2 to detect debris on the travel track in the space where the track 7 passes in advance. Example 3

[0027] In this embodiment, the working principle is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the specific difference is that the hydraulic telescopic mechanism includes a main telescopic rod 10 and a wing telescopic rod 10 that drives the main telescopic rod 10 to swing. Ensure proper steering and adjustment of the vehicle. Specifically, the position angle of the main compression rod is adjusted by using two wing. The wing telescopic rod 10 is not drawn in the attached figure. In the specific operation, refer to the working principle of the auxiliary hydraulic boot for steering the head of the shield machine. The angle adjustment of the fixed bracket 3 is achieved through the difference and angle of the hydraulic supports on both sides. Example 4

[0028] In this embodiment, the working principle is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the specific difference is that an auxiliary desludging mechanism is provided on the dust cover 8, and the auxiliary desludging mechanism includes a scraper 13 driven by an auxiliary hydraulic cylinder group 16, and a rotation connection is provided between the scraper 13 and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder group 16. The axis of the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder group 16 is parallel to the axis of the hydraulic telescopic rod 10 on the rotating frame 4; a limit plate 14 is provided on the protective baffle 6 to constrain the freedom of the scraper 13, and the scraper installation position is parallel to the forward direction of the vehicle, and a counterweight is installed at the rear of the corresponding transport vehicle. The function of the limit plate 14 is to achieve the mechanical balance of the equipment and prevent the scraper 13 from tilting.

[0029] The scraper 13 is bucket-shaped, with a hollow bottom, a push plate 15 on the inner side, and a push-pull hydraulic rod group between the push plate 15 and the side. The shape design of the scraper 13 can meet the requirements of high-viscosity slag removal and is more suitable for tunnel construction conditions.

[0030] An elastic reset mechanism is also provided between the scraper 13 and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder group 16, and the elastic reset mechanism includes a connecting rod coaxially mounted on the end of the hydraulic rod, the connecting rod is connected to the end of the hydraulic rod via a spring, and the other end of the connecting rod is installed with the rotating connection. The elastic connection protects the equipment on the one hand, and realizes the micro-adjustment of the angle during the working process on the other hand.

[0031] In this embodiment, the corresponding equipment at the rear of the vehicle must be equipped with a corresponding counterweight to maintain the balance of the equipment and ensure the stability of the small load-bearing equipment. Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crawler structure with high stability for use in tunnel construction, comprising an auxiliary support system, characterized in that: The auxiliary support system comprises a fixed bracket (3) mounted on a vehicle chassis, the cross section of the fixed bracket (3) being C-shaped, and its arcuate shape being directed outward so as to be clamped on the vehicle chassis, a support frame (5) and a rotating frame (4) being mounted on its outer arc surface, the end of the support frame (5) being provided with a roller (2), one end of the two ends of the rotating frame (4) being hingedly connected to the support frame (5), and the other end being hingedly connected to the fixed bracket (3); a hydraulic telescopic rod (10) being provided on the rotating frame (4), and a protective baffle (6) being provided in front of the roller (2); a roller shaft for mounting the roller (2) comprising screw shafts (20) at both ends and a nut shaft (21) in the middle, the nut shaft (21) being clamped on the support frame (5) so as to retain only the degree of freedom of self-rotation, and the screw shaft (20) and the nut shaft (21) being threadedly matched.

2. The crawler structure with high stability for tunnel construction as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A hook joint (9) is provided at the front end of the support frame (5), a dust cover (8) is provided above the hydraulic telescopic rod (10), and the telescopic rod (10) comprises a hydraulic telescopic mechanism, the hydraulic telescopic mechanism together with a hydraulic source, and a pressure measuring component is provided in a pipeline connected to the pressure source.

3. The crawler structure with high stability for tunnel construction as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic telescopic mechanism comprises a main telescopic rod (10) and a wing telescopic rod (10) that drives the main telescopic rod (10) to swing.

4. The crawler structure with high stability for tunnel construction as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The roller (2) is a quick-detachable roller, and its outer contour corresponds in shape and position to the contour of the track in the construction tunnel.

5. The crawler structure with high stability for tunnel construction as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A clamping structure is provided between the fixed bracket (3) and the chassis of the crawler structure, and an anchoring positioning nail (12) is provided on the clamping structure, and a positioning hole is provided at a matching corresponding position.

6. The crawler structure with high stability for tunnel construction as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A transmission mechanism driven by a shift fork gear is provided between the output shaft of the vehicle and the axle of the roller (2).

7. The crawler structure with high stability for tunnel construction as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Probe rods (11) are installed on the main shafts of the rollers (2) on both sides in front of the vehicle. The height of the probe rods (11) is not lower than the lowest height of the crawler track (7) suspended in the air, and the length of the probe rods (11) is not less than the distance from the edge of the crawler track (7) to the rollers (2).

8. The crawler structure with high stability for tunnel construction as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The dust cover (8) is provided with an auxiliary desludging mechanism, the auxiliary desludging mechanism comprising a scraper (13) driven by an auxiliary hydraulic cylinder group (16), a rotation connection being provided between the scraper (13) and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder group (16), the axis of the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder group (16) being parallel to the axis of the hydraulic telescopic rod (10) on the rotating frame (4); a limit plate (14) is provided on the protective baffle (6) to constrain the degree of freedom of the scraper (13), the installation position of the scraper is parallel to the forward direction of the vehicle, and a counterweight is installed at the rear of the corresponding transport vehicle.

9. The crawler structure with high stability for tunnel construction as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The scraper (13) is bucket-shaped, with a hollow bottom, a push plate (15) provided on the inner side, and a push-pull type hydraulic rod group provided between the push plate (15) and the side.

10. The crawler structure with high stability for tunnel construction as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: An elastic reset mechanism is also provided between the scraper (13) and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder group (16), the elastic reset mechanism comprising a connecting rod coaxially sleeved on the end of the hydraulic rod, the connecting rod and the end of the hydraulic rod being connected via a spring, and the other end of the connecting rod being mounted with the rotating connection.

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