Composite brake drum and preparation method and preparation equipment thereof

Abstract

The composite brake drum comprises a shell layer, a first lining layer and a second lining layer which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside. The preparation method of the composite brake drum comprises the following steps of S1, preparation of the shell layer, S2, preparation of the first lining layer, S3, preparation of the second lining layer, S4, heat treatment, S5, shot blasting and S6, finish machining. The composite brake drum manufacturing equipment comprises a base, a lifting rotary disc, a casting base and a shot blasting hopper, the lifting rotary disc longitudinally slides and is rotationally arranged above the base, four containing holes are evenly distributed in the circumference of the lifting rotary disc, and the four composite brake drums are placed in the four containing holes respectively. The invention aims to solve or at least alleviate the problem of short service life of the existing brake drum, and provides the composite brake drum and the preparation method and preparation equipment thereof.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of brake drums, and in particular relates to a composite brake drum and a preparation method and preparation equipment thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of social economy, automobiles play an increasingly important role in national economic life and become the most important means of transportation in people's daily life. At the same time, traffic accidents are also increasing day by day, and car accidents caused by brake system failure are even more shocking [1]. Brakes are the core components and safety parts of vehicle braking systems. They are divided into drum type and disc type according to their types. Among them, brake drums, as friction pairs of drum brakes, are even more important for driving safety. The reliability and quality of brake drums directly affect driving safety and bring hidden dangers to road participants. In particular, personal injury accidents caused by cracking and falling off on high-speed vehicles have been reported frequently in the news in recent years. According to statistics, shoe wear and brake drum cracking account for a large proportion of heavy-duty vehicle brake maintenance in China. In particular, brake drums have a short life, frequent replacement and high associated costs, which directly affect vehicle operating benefits and bring a lot of user complaints. Therefore, the brake drum industry has been researching new brake drums. After continuous research, the service life of brake drums has been continuously improved, from the initial single-layer gray cast iron brake drums, to vermicular cast iron brake drums, and then to the current bimetallic brake drums. The current service life of bimetallic brake drums is 40,000-50,000 kilometers. Although the service life of bimetallic brake drums has been greatly improved, there is still a certain gap with market demand. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, solve or at least alleviate the problem of short service life of the current brake drum, and provide a composite brake drum and a preparation method and preparation equipment thereof.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A composite brake drum, comprising an outer shell layer, a first inner lining layer and a second inner lining layer arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, the outer shell layer comprising an outer end plate, an inner end plate and a side tube formed in one piece, the outer end plate and the inner end plate are respectively located at both ends of the side tube, the middle part of the side tube is wavy, the inner diameter of the outer end plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner end plate, the first inner lining layer is located in a section of the outer shell layer close to the inner end plate, the outer side wall of the first inner lining layer is attached to the inner wall of the outer shell layer, the inner side wall of the first inner lining layer is circular in cross section, the second inner lining layer is in a circular tube shape, the outer side wall of the second inner lining layer is attached to the inner side wall of the first inner lining layer; The outer shell layer is made of low carbon steel, the first inner lining layer is made of grey cast iron, and the secondary inner lining is made of compacted graphite iron.

[0005] A method for preparing a composite brake drum comprises the following steps: S1. Preparation of outer shell layer: S1a, cutting the whole steel plate into round cakes; S1b, punching, punching out a center hole on the round cake; S1c, rough spinning, spinning the round cake material with the center hole punched into a cylindrical outer ring on the rough spinning mold; S1d, fine rotation, fine rotation of the outer ring after rough rotation; S1e, rolling, rolling the finely rotated outer ring; S2. Preparation of the first lining layer: S2a, shot blasting, the inner side of the outer shell layer prepared in step S1 is shot blasted; S2b, casting, casting the first lining layer in the shell layer after shot blasting by centrifugal casting; S3, preparing the second lining layer: S3a, shot blasting, the inner side of the first lining layer prepared in step S2 is shot blasted; S3b, casting, casting the second lining layer in the first lining layer after shot blasting by centrifugal casting; S4, heat treatment, heat treatment of the composite brake drum after the second inner lining layer is prepared to eliminate internal stress and make the first inner lining layer and the second inner lining layer reach the hardness required by the brake drum; S5, shot blasting, performing shot blasting on the composite brake drum after heat treatment; S6, finishing, cutting the mounting plane, the center hole, the edge of the outer shell layer and the inner surface of the second lining layer of the composite brake drum after the shot blasting in step S5.

[0006] A preparation device for a composite brake drum, comprising a base, a lifting turntable, a casting base and a shot blasting bucket, wherein the lifting turntable is longitudinally slidable and rotatably arranged above the base, and the lifting turntable is evenly distributed with four placement holes on its circumference, and four composite brake drums are respectively placed at the four placement holes, wherein the diameter of the placement holes is greater than the inner diameter of the inner end plate and less than the outer diameter of the inner end plate, and the casting base and the shot blasting bucket are both rotatably arranged on the upper part of the base, and two casting bases and two shot blasting buckets are staggered one by one; The lifting turntable is provided with a working state and a transposition state; when the lifting turntable is in the working state, the lifting turntable descends, the casting base is interference-fitted in the inner end plate of the corresponding composite brake drum, and the upper end of the shot blasting bucket is interference-fitted in the inner end plate of the corresponding composite brake drum; when the lifting turntable is in the transposition state, the lifting turntable rises and drives the four composite brake drums to rotate.

[0007] In order to further realize the present invention, the following technical solutions may be preferably selected: Preferably, the upper portion of the casting base is in the shape of a cone that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. When the lifting turntable is in the working state, the bottom surface of the cone at the upper portion of the casting base is not lower than the upper surface of the inner end plate. The shot blasting bucket is a truncated cone-shaped shell with an upper end opening and a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion, and the upper end surface of the shot blasting bucket is not higher than the upper surface of the inner end plate.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of metal shots are placed in the shot blasting bucket, and a plurality of micropores are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the shot blasting bucket, and the diameter of the micropores is smaller than the diameter of the metal shots; A collecting bucket is arranged below the shot blasting bucket, and the collecting bucket is detachably arranged in the base. A positioning shaft is arranged in the collecting bucket, and the positioning shaft is arranged coaxially with the shot blasting bucket. The lower end of the positioning shaft is fixedly connected to the collecting bucket, and the upper end is upwardly penetrated into the shot blasting bucket. A plurality of scrapers are arranged in a circular array on a section of the positioning shaft in the shot blasting bucket. The length direction of the scraper is arranged radially along the positioning shaft, the scraper is inclined relative to the bottom surface of the shot blasting bucket, and the lower end of the scraper slides and fits the bottom surface of the shot blasting bucket.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a transmission assembly, the transmission assembly includes a drive shaft and a rotating sleeve, the rotating sleeve is vertically arranged and rotatably sleeved at the center of the upper part of the base, the drive shaft axially slides and rotatably sleeved in the rotating sleeve, and the upper end of the drive shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the lifting turntable; The rotating sleeve is fixedly sleeved with a driving gear, the casting base is coaxially fixedly provided with a casting gear, the shot blasting bucket is fixedly provided with a shot blasting gear ring on the outer circumference, and the driving gear is meshed with the casting gear and the shot blasting gear ring for transmission.

[0010] Preferably, the transmission assembly further comprises a motor, the motor is longitudinally slidably arranged in the base, a conversion mechanism is arranged between the output shaft of the motor and the drive shaft and the rotating sleeve, the conversion mechanism comprises a working groove, a transposition groove and a conversion block, the transposition groove is located at the lower end of the drive shaft, the working groove is located at the lower part of the rotating sleeve and below the transposition groove, the conversion block is coaxially fixedly arranged at the upper end of the output shaft of the motor, and comprises an upper transposition section and a lower working section; When the motor descends until the lower end of the drive shaft contacts the upper end surface of the working groove of the rotating sleeve, the working section of the conversion block is embedded in the working groove, the transposition section of the conversion block is separated from the transposition groove, and the conversion block drives the rotating sleeve to rotate; when the motor rises until the composite brake drum on the lifting turntable is separated from the casting base and the shot blasting bucket, the transposition section of the conversion block is embedded in the transposition groove, the working section of the conversion block is separated from the working groove, and the conversion block drives the rotating sleeve to rotate.

[0011] Preferably, the longitudinal section of the transposition groove is in a convex shape, the cross section of the upper part of the transposition groove is a regular polygon, and the cross section of the lower part is a circle, the cross section of the working groove is a regular polygon, the cross section of the transposition section of the conversion block is a regular polygon corresponding to the upper part of the transposition groove, and the cross section of the working section of the conversion block is a regular polygon corresponding to the working groove; The maximum outer diameter of the transposition section of the transposition block and the maximum outer diameter of the working groove are both smaller than the diameter of the lower part of the transposition groove and smaller than the inner diameter of the rotating sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, the base is a cylindrical shell with a partition arranged transversely in the middle of the shell, the casting base is rotatably arranged on the upper side of the top plate of the base, the shot blasting bucket is rotatably arranged on the top plate of the base and is located above the partition, the upper end of the shot blasting bucket extends upward from the top plate of the base, and the upper and lower parts of the rotating sleeve are rotatably arranged on the top plate and partition of the base respectively.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a top pressure assembly, which includes a pressure plate, a guide tube and a sealing plate, the pressure plate is longitudinally slidably arranged above the base, the guide tube and the sealing plate are both rotatably arranged on the upper part of the base, the two guide tubes and the two sealing plates are staggered one by one, and the guide tubes and the sealing plates are respectively arranged one by one corresponding to the casting base and the shot blasting bucket; The upper part of the guide tube is in the shape of a circular tube and is rotatably fitted on the pressure plate, and the lower part is in the shape of an annular flat plate and contacts the upper end surface of the composite brake drum; a rotating rod is provided in the middle of the sealing plate, the lower end of the rotating rod is spherical and is rotatably embedded in the center of the sealing plate, and the upper part of the rotating rod is cylindrical and is rotatably fitted on the pressure plate.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The composite brake drum of the present invention is made of three materials: the outer shell layer is made of low carbon steel, the first inner lining layer is made of gray cast iron, and the second inner lining layer is made of vermicular cast iron. The service life of this type of brake drum can reach 60,000 to 80,000 kilometers, which is 30% to 40% longer than that of a bimetallic brake drum.

[0015] The preparation method and preparation equipment of the present invention can conveniently and efficiently produce the composite brake drum, thereby ensuring production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the composite brake drum of the present invention; Figure 2 The metallographic structure diagram of the composite brake drum of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the preparation equipment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the preparation equipment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the preparation equipment of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 Sectional view at AA in the middle; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5The enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 8 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the lifting turntable and the driving shaft of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the rotating sleeve of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the motor and the conversion block of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the top pressing assembly of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the top pressing assembly of the present invention; Among them: 1-outer shell; 2-first inner lining; 3-second inner lining; 4-base; 5-lifting turntable; 6-casting base; 7-shot blasting bucket; 8-collecting bucket; 9-positioning shaft; 10-scraper; 11-driving shaft; 12-swivel sleeve; 13-driving gear; 14-casting gear; 15-shot blasting gear ring; 16-motor; 17-working groove; 18-transposition groove; 19-conversion block; 20-partition; 21-pressure plate; 22-guide tube; 23-sealing plate; 24-rotating rod; 25-clamping plate; 101-outer end plate; 102-inner end plate; 103-side pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the invention. Embodiment 1:

[0019] like Figure 1As shown, a composite brake drum comprises an outer shell layer 1, a first inner lining layer 2 and a second inner lining layer 3 which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, the outer shell layer 1 comprises an outer end plate 101, an inner end plate 102 and a side tube 103 which are integrally formed, the outer end plate 101 and the inner end plate 102 are respectively located at two ends of the side tube 103, the middle part of the side tube 103 is wavy, the inner diameter value of the outer end plate 101 is smaller than the inner diameter value of the inner end plate 102, the first inner lining layer 2 is located in a section of the outer shell layer 1 close to the inner end plate 102, the outer side wall of the first inner lining layer 2 is attached to the inner wall of the outer shell layer 1, the inner side wall diameter section of the first inner lining layer 2 is circular, the second inner lining layer 3 is in a circular tube shape, and the outer side wall of the second inner lining layer 3 is attached to the inner side wall of the first inner lining layer 2; The outer shell layer 1 is made of low carbon steel, the first lining layer 2 is made of grey cast iron, and the secondary lining is made of compacted graphite iron.

[0020] The composite brake drum of the present invention is made of three materials: the outer shell layer 1 is made of low carbon steel, the first inner lining layer 2 is made of gray cast iron, and the second inner lining layer 3 is made of vermicular cast iron. The service life of this type of brake drum can reach 60,000 to 80,000 kilometers, which is 30% to 40% longer than that of a bimetallic brake drum. Embodiment 2:

[0021] A method for preparing a composite brake drum comprises the following steps: S1. Preparation of outer shell layer 1: S1a, cutting the whole steel plate into round cakes; S1b, punching, punching out a center hole on the round cake; S1c, rough spinning, spinning the round cake material with the center hole punched into a cylindrical outer ring on the rough spinning mold; S1d, fine rotation, fine rotation of the outer ring after rough rotation; S1e, rolling, rolling the finely rotated outer ring; S2, preparing the first lining layer 2: S2a, shot blasting, the inner side of the outer shell layer 1 prepared in step S1 is shot blasted; S2b, casting, casting the first lining layer 2 in the shell layer 1 after shot blasting by centrifugal casting; S3, preparing the second lining layer 3: S3a, shot blasting, the inner side of the first lining layer 2 prepared in step S2 is shot blasted; S3b, casting, casting the second lining layer 3 in the first lining layer 2 after shot blasting by centrifugal casting; S4, heat treatment, heat treatment of the composite brake drum after preparing the second inner lining layer 3 to eliminate internal stress and make the first inner lining layer 2 and the second inner lining layer 3 reach the hardness required by the brake drum; S5, shot blasting, performing shot blasting on the composite brake drum after heat treatment; S6, finishing, cutting the mounting plane, the center hole, the edge of the outer shell layer 1 and the inner surface of the second lining layer 3 of the composite brake drum after shot blasting in step S5. Embodiment 3:

[0022] like Figure 2-Figure 12 As shown, a preparation device for a composite brake drum includes a base 4, a lifting turntable 5, a casting base 6 and a shot blasting bucket 7. The lifting turntable 5 is longitudinally slidable and rotatably arranged above the base 4. The lifting turntable 5 has four placement holes evenly distributed on the circumference. Four composite brake drums are placed at the four placement holes respectively. The diameter of the placement holes is greater than the inner diameter of the inner end plate 102 and smaller than the outer diameter of the inner end plate 102. The casting base 6 and the shot blasting bucket 7 are both rotatably arranged on the upper part of the base 4. Two casting bases 6 and two shot blasting buckets 7 are staggered one by one. The lifting turntable 5 is provided with a working state and a transposition state; when the lifting turntable 5 is in the working state, the lifting turntable 5 descends, the casting base 6 is interference-fitted in the inner end plate 102 of the corresponding composite brake drum, and the upper end of the shot blasting bucket 7 is interference-fitted in the inner end plate 102 of the corresponding composite brake drum; when the lifting turntable 5 is in the transposition state, the lifting turntable 5 rises and drives the four composite brake drums to rotate.

[0023] The composite brake drum of the present invention needs to be centrifugally cast twice in the preparation process, and shot blasting is required after the two centrifugal castings. When conventional centrifugal casting equipment and shot blasting equipment are used, the staff needs to move and position the composite brake drum many times during the production process, which has low work efficiency.

[0024] In order to facilitate the molten iron injected into the outer shell layer 1 to flow to the side wall of the outer shell layer 1, the upper part of the casting base 6 is in a conical shape with a small top and a large bottom. When the lifting turntable 5 is in the working state, the bottom surface of the cone of the upper part of the casting base 6 is not lower than the upper surface of the inner end plate 102; In order to facilitate the metal shots in the shot blasting bucket 7 to enter the brake drum, the shot blasting bucket 7 is a truncated cone-shaped shell with an open upper end and a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion. The upper end surface of the shot blasting bucket 7 is not higher than the upper surface of the inner end plate 102 .

[0025] In order to prevent the metal chips generated during the shot blasting process from entering the brake drum again and affecting the shot blasting effect, a plurality of metal shots are placed in the shot blasting bucket 7, and a plurality of micropores are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the shot blasting bucket 7, and the diameter of the micropores is smaller than the diameter of the metal shots; A collecting bucket 8 is arranged below the shot blasting bucket 7, and the collecting bucket 8 is detachably arranged in the base 4. A positioning shaft 9 is arranged in the collecting bucket 8, and the positioning shaft 9 is coaxially arranged with the shot blasting bucket 7. The lower end of the positioning shaft 9 is fixedly connected to the collecting bucket 8, and the upper end is upwardly penetrated into the shot blasting bucket 7. The positioning shaft 9 is located in a circular array in the shot blasting bucket 7. A plurality of scrapers 10 are arranged, and the length direction of the scraper 10 is arranged radially along the positioning shaft 9. The scraper 10 is inclined relative to the bottom surface of the shot blasting bucket 7, and the lower end of the scraper 10 slides and fits the bottom surface of the shot blasting bucket 7; the collecting bucket 8 and the scraper 10 are in a fixed state. When the shot blasting bucket 7 rotates, the metal shots in the shot blasting bucket 7 are blocked by the scraper 10 when the shot blasting bucket 7 moves with the shot blasting bucket 7, which not only facilitates the metal shots at the bottom of the shot blasting bucket 7 to rotate out of the shot blasting bucket 7 and enter the composite brake drum, but also causes the metal chips mixed in the metal shots to move downward, thereby passing through the bottom surface of the shot blasting bucket 7 and falling into the collecting bucket 8.

[0026] In order to optimize the product structure, in this embodiment, a transmission assembly is also included, which includes a drive shaft 11 and a rotating sleeve 12. The rotating sleeve 12 is vertically arranged and rotatably sleeved at the center of the upper part of the base 4. The drive shaft 11 slides axially and rotatably sleeved in the rotating sleeve 12. The upper end of the drive shaft 11 is fixedly connected to the center of the lifting turntable 5. When changing positions, the lifting turntable 5 is driven to rotate by the drive shaft 11, so that the cast composite brake drum moves from above the casting base 6 to above the shot blasting bucket 7. The rotating sleeve 12 is fixedly sleeved with a driving gear 13, the casting base 6 is coaxially fixed with a casting gear 14, and the shot blasting bucket 7 is fixedly provided with a shot blasting gear ring 15 on the circumferential outer side. The driving gear 13 is meshed with the casting gear 14 and the shot blasting gear ring 15 for transmission. When working, the rotating sleeve 12 drives the casting base 6 and the shot blasting bucket 7 to rotate synchronously through the driving gear 13, the casting gear 14 and the shot blasting gear ring 15. The casting base 6 and the shot blasting bucket 7 have an interference fit with the composite brake drum, thereby ultimately driving all the composite brake drums to rotate.

[0027] In order to optimize the product structure, reduce the power source, and thus reduce the production cost, the transmission assembly also includes a motor 16, which is longitudinally slidably arranged in the base 4, and a conversion mechanism is arranged between the output shaft of the motor 16 and the drive shaft 11 and the rotating sleeve 12, and the conversion mechanism includes a working groove 17, a transposition groove 18 and a conversion block 19, the transposition groove 18 is located at the lower end of the drive shaft 11, the working groove 17 is located at the lower part of the rotating sleeve 12 and below the transposition groove 18, and the conversion block 19 is coaxially fixedly arranged at the upper end of the output shaft of the motor 16, including an upper transposition section and a lower working section; When the motor 16 descends until the lower end of the drive shaft 11 contacts the upper end surface of the working groove 17 of the rotating sleeve 12, the working section of the conversion block 19 is embedded in the working groove 17, the transposition section of the conversion block 19 is separated from the transposition groove 18, and the conversion block 19 drives the rotating sleeve 12 to rotate; when the motor 16 rises until the composite brake drum on the lifting turntable 5 is separated from the casting base 6 and the shot blasting bucket 7, the transposition section of the conversion block 19 is embedded in the transposition groove 18 and the working section of the conversion block 19 is separated from the working groove 17, and the conversion block 19 drives the rotating sleeve 12 to rotate.

[0028] To further optimize the product structure, in this embodiment, the longitudinal section of the transposition groove 18 is in a convex shape, the cross section of the upper part of the transposition groove 18 is in a regular polygonal shape, and the cross section of the lower part is in a circular shape, the cross section of the working groove 17 is in a regular polygonal shape, the cross section of the transposition section of the conversion block 19 is in a regular polygonal shape corresponding to the upper part of the transposition groove 18, and the cross section of the working section of the conversion block 19 is in a regular polygonal shape corresponding to the working groove 17; The maximum outer diameter of the transposition section of the transposition block and the maximum outer diameter of the working groove 17 are both smaller than the diameter of the lower portion of the transposition groove 18 and smaller than the inner diameter of the rotating sleeve 12 .

[0029] In order to ensure the stability of the transmission assembly, the base 4 is a cylindrical shell, and a partition 20 is horizontally arranged in the middle of the shell. The casting base 6 is rotatably arranged on the upper side of the top plate of the base 4, and the shot blasting bucket 7 is rotatably arranged on the top plate of the base 4 and is located above the partition 20. The upper end of the shot blasting bucket 7 extends upward from the top plate of the base 4, and the upper and lower parts of the rotating sleeve 12 are rotatably arranged on the top plate and the partition 20 of the base 4 respectively.

[0030] In order to ensure the stability of the composite brake drum rotation, facilitate the diversion of molten iron, and prevent metal shots from overflowing from the composite brake drum, a top pressure assembly is also included, which includes a pressure plate 21, a guide tube 22 and a sealing plate 23. The pressure plate 21 is longitudinally slidably arranged above the base 4, and the guide tube 22 and the sealing plate 23 are both rotatably arranged on the upper part of the base 4. The two guide tubes 22 and the two sealing plates 23 are staggered one by one, and the guide tubes 22 and the sealing plates 23 are respectively arranged one by one corresponding to the casting base 6 and the shot blasting bucket 7; The upper part of the guide tube 22 is in the shape of a circular tube and is rotatably fitted on the pressure plate 21, and the lower part is in the shape of an annular flat plate and contacts the upper end surface of the composite brake drum; a rotating rod 24 is provided in the middle of the sealing plate 23, the lower end of the rotating rod 24 is spherical and is rotatably embedded in the center of the sealing plate 23, and the upper part of the rotating rod 24 is cylindrical and is rotatably fitted on the pressure plate 21.

[0031] Four groups of positioning components are arranged on the lifting turntable 5, and the four groups of positioning components are arranged one by one corresponding to the four composite brake drums. The positioning components include two relatively arranged clamping plates 25, and the two clamping plates 25 move synchronously in opposite directions along the placement hole radius of the lifting turntable 5. The clamping plates 25 are arc-shaped and are arranged corresponding to the wave section in the middle of the side tube 103. The composite brake drum is positioned by the clamping plates 25, so that the composite brake drum on the lifting turntable 5 can be lifted and rotated with the lifting turntable 5.

[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite brake drum, characterized in that: The invention comprises an outer shell layer (1), a first inner lining layer (2) and a second inner lining layer (3) which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, the outer shell layer (1) comprising an outer end plate (101), an inner end plate (102) and a side tube (103) which are integrally formed, the outer end plate (101) and the inner end plate (102) being respectively located at two ends of the side tube (103), the middle part of the side tube (103) being wavy, the inner diameter of the outer end plate (101) being smaller than the inner diameter of the inner end plate (102), the first inner lining layer (2) being located in a section of the outer shell layer (1) close to the inner end plate (102), the outer wall of the first inner lining layer (2) being in contact with the inner wall of the outer shell layer (1), the inner wall of the first inner lining layer (2) being circular in cross section, the second inner lining layer (3) being in the shape of a circular tube, the outer wall of the second inner lining layer (3) being in contact with the inner wall of the first inner lining layer (2); The outer shell layer (1) is made of low-carbon steel, the first inner lining layer (2) is made of grey cast iron, and the secondary inner lining is made of compacted graphite cast iron.

2. A method for preparing a composite brake drum, used for preparing the composite brake drum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Preparation of outer shell layer (1): S1a, cutting the whole steel plate into round cakes; S1b, punching, punching out a center hole on the round cake; S1c, rough spinning, spinning the round cake material with the center hole punched into a cylindrical outer ring on the rough spinning mold; S1d, fine rotation, fine rotation of the outer ring after rough rotation; S1e, rolling, rolling the finely rotated outer ring; S2. Preparation of the first lining layer (2): S2a, shot blasting, subjecting the inner side of the outer shell layer (1) prepared in step S1 to shot blasting; S2b, casting, casting the first lining layer (2) in the shot-blasted outer shell layer (1) by a centrifugal casting method; S3, preparing the second lining layer (3): S3a, shot blasting, subjecting the inner side of the first lining layer (2) prepared in step S2 to shot blasting; S3b, casting, casting the second inner lining layer (3) in the first inner lining layer (2) after shot blasting by centrifugal casting; S4, heat treatment, heat treatment of the composite brake drum after the second inner lining layer (3) is prepared to eliminate internal stress and make the first inner lining layer (2) and the second inner lining layer (3) reach the hardness required by the brake drum; S5, shot blasting, performing shot blasting on the composite brake drum after heat treatment; S6, finishing, cutting the mounting plane, the center hole, the edge of the outer shell layer (1) and the inner surface of the second lining layer (3) of the composite brake drum after shot blasting in step S5.

3. A composite brake drum preparation device, used for preparing the composite brake drum according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises a base (4), a lifting turntable (5), a casting base (6) and a shot blasting bucket (7), wherein the lifting turntable (5) is longitudinally slidable and rotatably arranged above the base (4), the lifting turntable (5) is evenly distributed with four placement holes on its circumference, and the four composite brake drums are respectively placed at the four placement holes, the diameter of the placement holes is greater than the inner diameter of the inner end plate (102) and less than the outer diameter of the inner end plate (102), the casting base (6) and the shot blasting bucket (7) are both rotatably arranged on the upper part of the base (4), and the two casting bases (6) and the two shot blasting buckets (7) are staggered one by one; The lifting turntable (5) is provided with a working state and a transposition state; when the lifting turntable (5) is in the working state, the lifting turntable (5) descends, the casting base (6) is interference-fitted into and corresponds to the inner end plate (102) of the composite brake drum, and the upper end of the shot blasting bucket (7) is interference-fitted into and corresponds to the inner end plate (102) of the composite brake drum; when the lifting turntable (5) is in the transposition state, the lifting turntable (5) ascends and drives the four composite brake drums to rotate.

4. The preparation equipment for a composite brake drum according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper portion of the casting base (6) is in the shape of a cone that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. When the lifting turntable (5) is in the working state, the bottom surface of the cone at the upper portion of the casting base (6) is not lower than the upper surface of the inner end plate (102); The shot blasting bucket (7) is in the form of a truncated cone-shaped shell with an open upper end and a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion. The upper end surface of the shot blasting bucket (7) is not higher than the upper surface of the inner end plate (102).

5. The preparation equipment for a composite brake drum according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of metal shots are placed in the shot blasting bucket (7), and a plurality of micropores are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the shot blasting bucket (7), wherein the diameter of the micropores is smaller than the diameter of the metal shots; A collecting bucket (8) is arranged below the shot blasting bucket (7). The collecting bucket (8) is detachably arranged in the base (4). A positioning shaft (9) is arranged in the collecting bucket (8). The positioning shaft (9) is arranged coaxially with the shot blasting bucket (7). The lower end of the positioning shaft (9) is fixedly connected to the collecting bucket (8), and the upper end of the positioning shaft (9) is upwardly inserted into the shot blasting bucket (7). A plurality of scrapers (10) are arranged in a circular array on a section of the positioning shaft (9) located in the shot blasting bucket (7). The length direction of the scraper (10) is arranged radially along the positioning shaft (9). The scraper (10) is inclined relative to the bottom surface of the shot blasting bucket (7), and the lower end of the scraper (10) is slidably fitted to the bottom surface of the shot blasting bucket (7).

6. The preparation equipment for a composite brake drum according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a transmission assembly, the transmission assembly including a drive shaft (11) and a rotating sleeve (12), the rotating sleeve (12) is vertically arranged and rotatably sleeved at the center of the upper part of the base (4), the drive shaft (11) slides axially and rotatably sleeved in the rotating sleeve (12), and the upper end of the drive shaft (11) is fixedly connected to the center of the lifting turntable (5); The rotating sleeve (12) is fixedly sleeved with a driving gear (13), the casting base (6) is coaxially fixedly provided with a casting gear (14), the shot blasting bucket (7) is fixedly provided with a shot blasting gear ring (15) on the outer circumference, and the driving gear (13) is meshed with the casting gear (14) and the shot blasting gear ring (15) for transmission.

7. The manufacturing equipment of a composite brake drum according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission assembly further comprises a motor (16), the motor (16) being longitudinally slidably disposed in the base (4), a conversion mechanism being disposed between the output shaft of the motor (16), the drive shaft (11) and the rotating sleeve (12), the conversion mechanism comprising a working groove (17), a transposition groove (18) and a conversion block (19), the transposition groove (18) being located at the lower end of the drive shaft (11), the working groove (17) being located at the lower part of the rotating sleeve (12) and below the transposition groove (18), and the conversion block (19) being coaxially fixedly disposed at the upper end of the output shaft of the motor (16), and comprising an upper transposition section and a lower working section; When the motor (16) descends until the lower end of the drive shaft (11) abuts against the upper end surface of the working groove (17) of the rotating sleeve (12), the working section of the conversion block (19) is embedded in the working groove (17), the transposition section of the conversion block (19) is separated from the transposition groove (18), and the conversion block (19) drives the rotating sleeve (12) to rotate; when the motor (16) rises until the composite brake drum on the lifting turntable (5) is separated from the casting base (6) and the shot blasting bucket (7), the transposition section of the conversion block (19) is embedded in the transposition groove (18), the working section of the conversion block (19) is separated from the working groove (17), and the conversion block (19) drives the rotating sleeve (12) to rotate.

8. The preparation equipment for a composite brake drum according to claim 7, characterized in that: The longitudinal section of the transposition groove (18) is in the shape of a convex letter, the cross section of the upper portion of the transposition groove (18) is in the shape of a regular polygon, and the cross section of the lower portion is in the shape of a circle, the cross section of the working groove (17) is in the shape of a regular polygon, the cross section of the transposition section of the conversion block (19) is in the shape of a regular polygon corresponding to the upper portion of the transposition groove (18), and the cross section of the working section of the conversion block (19) is in the shape of a regular polygon corresponding to the working groove (17); The maximum outer diameter of the transposition section of the transposition block and the maximum outer diameter of the working groove (17) are both smaller than the diameter of the lower portion of the transposition groove (18) and smaller than the inner diameter of the rotating sleeve (12).

9. The manufacturing equipment of a composite brake drum according to claim 6, characterized in that: The base (4) is a cylindrical shell, a partition (20) is transversely arranged in the middle of the shell, the casting base (6) is rotatably arranged on the upper side of the top plate of the base (4), the shot blasting bucket (7) is rotatably arranged on the top plate of the base (4) and is located above the partition (20), the upper end of the shot blasting bucket (7) extends upward from the top plate of the base (4), and the upper and lower parts of the rotating sleeve (12) are rotatably arranged on the top plate and the partition (20) of the base (4), respectively.

10. The manufacturing equipment of a composite brake drum according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a top pressure assembly, the top pressure assembly including a pressure plate (21), a guide tube (22) and a sealing plate (23), the pressure plate (21) is longitudinally slidably arranged above the base (4), the guide tube (22) and the sealing plate (23) are both rotatably arranged on the upper part of the base (4), the two guide tubes (22) and the two sealing plates (23) are arranged one by one in an alternating manner, and the guide tubes (22) and the sealing plates (23) are respectively arranged one by one corresponding to the casting base (6) and the shot blasting bucket (7); The guide tube (22) has an upper tubular shape and is rotatably fitted on the pressure plate (21), and a lower annular flat plate shape and abuts against the upper end surface of the composite brake drum; a rotating rod (24) is provided in the middle of the sealing plate (23), the lower end of the rotating rod (24) is spherical and is rotatably fitted in the center of the sealing plate (23), and the upper part of the rotating rod (24) is cylindrical and is rotatably fitted on the pressure plate (21).

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