Soil body deep layer horizontal displacement monitoring device and monitoring method based on opposite side distance measurement

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of exploration, in particular to a soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device and method based on opposite side distance measurement, and the device comprises a crawler-type mobile vehicle and a three-axis adjusting assembly, and a flat pressing assembly is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the crawler-type mobile vehicle and located at the side part of the three-axis adjusting assembly. The monitoring assembly is installed on the three-axis adjusting assembly above the flat pressing assembly, through the arrangement of a three-screw structure, the function that the monitoring structure freely moves in the space can be achieved, monitoring treatment can be conveniently conducted on the inner wall of the mine tunnel at different positions, before monitoring, the arranged flat pressing structure can conduct flat pressing treatment on the inner wall of the mine tunnel, and the monitoring efficiency is improved. The accuracy of follow-up displacement monitoring is improved, the displacement condition of the whole inner wall of the mine tunnel can be reflected by monitoring the same monitoring point at different heights, an alarm can be given out in time when the displacement amount is large, workers can take emergency measures rapidly, and accidents are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of surveying technology, in particular to a soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device and a monitoring method based on side distance measurement. Background Art

[0002] The deep horizontal displacement monitoring technology of soil based on side distance measurement is a technology specially used to measure the deep horizontal displacement of soil. It measures the coordinates of two target points and calculates the relative amount between the two points to obtain the horizontal displacement inside the soil. In the process of coal mining, with the continuous excavation of deep coal mines, the deformation of the inner wall of the mine tunnel will threaten the structure of the mine tunnel, thus leading to safety accidents. By monitoring the displacement of the soil on the inner wall of the coal mine tunnel, the displacement of the soil on the inner wall of the mine tunnel can be timely grasped, so as to timely discover and deal with safety hazards.

[0003] At present, the existing deep mine tunnel inner wall soil displacement monitoring methods mostly use multi-point layout displacement meters, which calculate the distance between themselves and the inner wall soil of the mine tunnel through the displacement meter, and thus obtain the inner wall displacement of the inner wall soil of the mine tunnel. In actual use, this method is affected by the harsh environment in the mine tunnel, and its life is short and the detection accuracy will continue to decline. At the same time, the data collected by measuring points cannot reflect the overall displacement of the inner wall of the mine tunnel. In addition, the squeezing between the inner wall soil of the mine tunnel may cause local soil bulging, resulting in abnormal monitoring data and false alarms, which cannot meet the actual use needs. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device and a monitoring method based on side distance measurement. By setting a three-screw structure, the monitoring structure can move freely in space, which is convenient for monitoring the inner wall of the mine tunnel at different positions. Before monitoring, the set flattening structure can perform flattening treatment on the inner wall of the mine tunnel, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of subsequent displacement monitoring. By monitoring the same monitoring point at different heights, the overall displacement of the inner wall of the mine tunnel can be reflected, and an alarm can be issued in time when the displacement is large, which is beneficial for the staff to quickly take emergency measures and avoid accidents.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: a soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device based on side distance measurement, comprising a crawler mobile vehicle and a three-axis adjustment component fixedly installed on the upper end of the crawler mobile vehicle, a flattening component is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the crawler mobile vehicle and located on the side of the three-axis adjustment component, and a monitoring component is installed on the three-axis adjustment component above the flattening component; The described flat pressing assembly includes legs. The legs are arranged in a matrix at the upper end face of the crawler mobile vehicle and on the side of the three-axis adjustment assembly. A support shell is fixedly connected to the upper end of the legs. The upper end and one side of the support shell are both open. A driving unit is installed on the side wall of the support shell. Rectangular slides are symmetrically opened at the bottom of the support shell. A transmission unit is slidably installed in the rectangular slides. A flat pressing unit is fixedly connected to the side wall of the end of the transmission unit.

[0006] Preferably, the three-axis adjustment assembly includes a first adjustment unit. The first adjustment unit is fixedly installed at a position near the edge of the upper end face of the crawler mobile vehicle. A second adjustment unit is fixedly installed on the first adjustment unit. A third adjustment unit is fixedly installed on the second adjustment unit. The first adjustment unit and the second adjustment unit are perpendicular to each other. The second adjustment unit and the third adjustment unit are perpendicular to each other.

[0007] Preferably, the first adjustment unit includes a first C-shaped plate. The first C-shaped plate is fixedly installed at a position near the edge of the upper end face of the crawler mobile vehicle. A first threaded rod is rotatably arranged in the middle of the first C-shaped plate. First sliding rods are symmetrically installed on both sides of the first threaded rod. The ends of the first sliding rods are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first C-shaped plate. The end of the first threaded rod extends to the outside of the first C-shaped plate and is fixedly installed with a first motor. The first motor is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the first C-shaped plate. A first slider is screwed to the middle of the first threaded rod. The first slider is slidably connected with the first sliding rod.

[0008] Preferably, the second adjustment unit includes an L-shaped plate. The L-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first slider. A second motor is fixedly installed at the upper end of the L-shaped plate. The output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected with a second threaded rod. The lower end of the second threaded rod is rotatably arranged on the first slider. Second sliding rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second threaded rod. The lower ends of the second sliding rods are fixedly connected to the first slider. A second slider is screwed to the middle of the second threaded rod. The second slider is slidably connected with the second sliding rod.

[0009] Preferably, the third adjustment unit includes a second C-shaped plate. The side wall of the second slider is fixedly connected with the second C-shaped plate. A third motor is fixedly installed on the side wall of the second C-shaped plate. The output shaft of the third motor is fixedly connected with a third threaded rod. The end of the third threaded rod far from the third motor is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the second C-shaped plate. Third sliding rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the third threaded rod. The ends of the third sliding rods are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second C-shaped plate. The third slider is slidably connected with the third sliding rod.

[0010] Preferably, the driving unit includes a reciprocating motor. The reciprocating motor is fixedly installed on the side wall of the support shell. The output shaft of the reciprocating motor is fixedly connected with a driving shaft. The end of the driving shaft far from the reciprocating motor is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the support shell. A cylindrical cleaning brush is fixedly arranged in the middle of the driving shaft. Driving gears are symmetrically installed on both sides of the cylindrical cleaning brush and near the ends of the driving shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the transmission unit includes a vertical plate, which is slidably installed in a rectangular slide, an L-shaped rack is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical plate, a buffer spring is fixedly installed between the L-shaped rack and the side wall of the supporting shell, the L-shaped rack and the driving gear are meshed with each other, a strip-shaped through groove is opened in the middle of the opposite side walls of the supporting shell, and the L-shaped rack is slidably installed in the strip-shaped through groove away from the end of the driving gear.

[0012] Preferably, the flat pressing unit includes a slide cylinder, on which the side wall of the end of the L-shaped rack away from the driving gear is fixedly installed, a core shaft is slidably installed inside the slide cylinder through an extrusion spring, and the end of the core shaft away from the extrusion spring is fixedly connected to a flat pressing plate, the flat pressing plate is a hollow structure and an extension plate is symmetrically installed inside it, the extension plate and the inner wall of the flat pressing plate are slidably matched and the upper and lower extension plates are connected by a number of connecting springs, support rods are symmetrically hinged on the outer wall of the end of the slide cylinder close to the core shaft, and the support rods are hinged to the side wall of the extension plate at the end away from the slide cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the monitoring assembly includes a cylindrical tube, a cylindrical tube is fixedly connected to the side wall of the third slider, a laser rangefinder is installed on the cylindrical tube, a laser emitter of the laser rangefinder is located inside the cylindrical tube, a pressure rod is slidably installed inside the cylindrical tube, one end of the pressure rod is fixedly connected to the monitoring disk, the other end of the pressure rod is fixedly connected to the baffle rod, a reset spring is sleeved on the outer side of the baffle rod, and both ends of the reset spring are respectively abutted against the side wall of the laser emitter and the side wall of the end of the pressure rod.

[0014] Preferably, the monitoring method of the soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device based on side distance measurement comprises the following steps: S1, leveling treatment: first, the crawler mobile vehicle is manually controlled to move along the position close to the side wall of the mine tunnel. During the movement, the leveling component is started to level the side wall of the mine tunnel through the leveling component; S2, fixed-point monitoring: When the crawler mobile vehicle reaches the monitoring point, the monitoring component is adjusted to a suitable height by controlling the three-axis adjustment component, and then the third adjustment unit drives the end of the monitoring component to fit the side wall of the mine tunnel after leveling, and records the distance H between the laser rangefinder and the barrier rod at this time; S3. Distance detection: Every other week, record the distance h between the laser rangefinder and the barrier rod again. By calculating the difference between H and h, the displacement of the side wall of the mine tunnel can be obtained.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0016] 1. The three-axis adjustment component is set up, which can realize the function of free movement of the monitoring component in space through the three-screw structure, so that the monitoring component can quickly reach the monitoring height, thereby completing the rapid monitoring process.

[0017] 2. The set leveling component can level the inner wall of the mine tunnel, so that the monitoring process will not be affected by the local protruding soil on the inner wall of the mine tunnel. At the same time, it plays a certain compacting role on the inner wall of the mine tunnel, which is not only conducive to improving the accuracy of subsequent displacement monitoring, but also improves the stability of the soil on the inner wall of the mine tunnel.

[0018] 3. The alarm unit can sound an alarm in time when the displacement of the soil on the inner wall of the mine tunnel is large, which is conducive to the staff to take emergency measures quickly and avoid accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the three-axis adjustment component and the monitoring component in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the flat pressing assembly in the present invention; Figure 4 The present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure from another perspective; Figure 5 The present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A; Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the flat-pressing unit in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure between the cylindrical tube, the pressure-bearing rod, the monitoring plate and the alarm unit in the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional three-dimensional connection structure between the cylindrical tube, the blocking rod, the reset spring, the pressure-bearing rod, the monitoring disk and the alarm unit in the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Tracked mobile vehicle; 2. Three-axis adjustment assembly; 21. First adjustment unit; 211. No. 1 profile plate; 212. No. 1 motor; 213. No. 1 threaded rod; 214. No. 1 slide rod; 215. No. 1 slide block; 22, second adjustment unit; 221, L-shaped plate; 222, No. 2 motor; 223, No. 2 threaded rod; 224, No. 2 sliding rod; 225, No. 2 sliding block; 23. The third adjusting unit; 231. The second profile plate; 232. The third motor; 233. The third threaded rod; 234. The third sliding rod; 235. The third sliding block; 3. Flat pressing assembly; 31. Legs; 32. Support shell; 33. driving unit; 331. reciprocating motor; 332. driving shaft; 333. cylindrical cleaning brush; 334. driving gear; 34. Transmission unit; 341. Vertical plate; 342. L-shaped rack; 343. Buffer spring; 344. Strip-shaped through groove; 35, flat pressing unit; 351, slide cylinder; 352, extrusion spring; 353, mandrel; 354, flat pressing plate; 355, connecting spring; 356, extension plate; 357, support rod; 4. Monitoring assembly; 41. Columnar tube; 42. Laser rangefinder; 43. Stop rod; 44. Return spring; 45. Pressure rod; 46. Monitoring plate; 47. Alarm unit; 471. L-shaped support plate; 472. Vertical axis; 473. Electric control valve; 474. Alarm light; 475. Oblique rod; 476. Contact rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0023] Embodiment 1:

[0024] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2 The invention discloses a soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device based on side distance measurement, comprising a crawler mobile vehicle 1 and a three-axis adjustment component 2 fixedly installed on the upper end of the crawler mobile vehicle 1.

[0025] The three-axis adjustment assembly 2 includes a first adjustment unit 21, and the first adjustment unit 21 is fixedly installed at a position near the edge of the upper end surface of the crawler mobile vehicle 1, and the second adjustment unit 22 is fixedly installed on the first adjustment unit 21, and the third adjustment unit 23 is fixedly installed on the second adjustment unit 22. The first adjustment unit 21 and the second adjustment unit 22 are vertically arranged, and the second adjustment unit 22 and the third adjustment unit 23 are vertically arranged.

[0026] The first adjustment unit 21 includes a No. 1 profile plate 211, and a No. 1 profile plate 211 is fixedly installed at a position near the edge of the upper end surface of the crawler mobile vehicle 1. A No. 1 threaded rod 213 is rotatably arranged in the middle of the No. 1 profile plate 211, and a No. 1 slide bar 214 is symmetrically installed on both sides of the No. 1 threaded rod 213. The end of the No. 1 slide bar 214 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the No. 1 profile plate 211, and the end of the No. 1 threaded rod 213 extends to the outside of the No. 1 profile plate 211 and is fixedly installed with a No. 1 motor 212. The No. 1 motor 212 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the No. 1 profile plate 211, and a No. 1 slide bar 215 is screwed in the middle of the No. 1 threaded rod 213, and the No. 1 slide bar 215 and the No. 1 slide bar 214 are slidably matched and connected.

[0027] The second adjustment unit 22 described above includes an L-shaped plate 221. The upper end of the first slider 215 is fixedly connected to the L-shaped plate 221. A second motor 222 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the L-shaped plate 221. The output shaft of the second motor 222 is fixedly connected to a second threaded rod 223. The lower end of the second threaded rod 223 is rotatably arranged on the first slider 215. Second slide rods 224 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second threaded rod 223. The lower ends of the second slide rods 224 are fixedly connected to the first slider 215. A second slider 225 is screwed to the middle of the second threaded rod 223. The second slider 225 is slidably connected to the second slide rods 224 in a sliding fit.

[0028] The third adjustment unit 23 described above includes a second C-shaped plate 231. The side wall of the second slider 225 is fixedly connected to the second C-shaped plate 231. A third motor 232 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the second C-shaped plate 231. The output shaft of the third motor 232 is fixedly connected to a third threaded rod 233. The end of the third threaded rod 233 away from the third motor 232 is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the second C-shaped plate 231. Third slide rods 234 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the third threaded rod 233. The ends of the third slide rods 234 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second C-shaped plate 231. A third slider 235 is slidably connected to the third slide rods 234 in a sliding fit.

[0029] During specific operation, the crawler mobile vehicle 1 can drive the soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device based on opposite side distance measurement to move inside the mine tunnel, thereby completing the monitoring process. Before monitoring, the first adjustment unit 21 can drive the second adjustment unit 22, the third adjustment unit 23 and the monitoring component 4 to move in the front-back direction. The second adjustment unit 22 can drive the third adjustment unit 23 and the monitoring component 4 to move in the up-down direction. The third adjustment unit 23 can drive the monitoring component 4 to move in the left-right direction. The three cooperate with each other to adjust the spatial position of the monitoring component 4, so as to facilitate the monitoring of the displacement situation inside the mine tunnel.

[0030] Embodiment 2:

[0031] Basically the same as the technical solution of Embodiment 1, refer to Figure 1 and Figures 3 to 6 , the difference is that: a flat pressing component 3 is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the crawler mobile vehicle 1 and at the position on the side of the three-axis adjustment component 2.

[0032] The flat pressing component 3 includes legs 31. The legs 31 are arranged in a matrix at the position on the upper end surface of the crawler mobile vehicle 1 and on the side of the three-axis adjustment component 2. The upper ends of the legs 31 are fixedly connected to a support housing 32. The upper end and one side of the support housing 32 are both open. A driving unit 33 is installed on the side wall of the support housing 32. Rectangular slideways are symmetrically opened at the bottom of the support housing 32. A transmission unit 34 is slidably installed in the rectangular slideways. A flat pressing unit 35 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the end of the transmission unit 34.

[0033] The driving unit 33 includes a reciprocating motor 331, and the reciprocating motor 331 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the supporting shell 32. The output shaft of the reciprocating motor 331 is fixedly connected to the driving shaft 332. The driving shaft 332 is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the supporting shell 32 away from the end of the reciprocating motor 331. A cylindrical cleaning brush 333 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the driving shaft 332, and driving gears 334 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the cylindrical cleaning brush 333 and close to the end of the driving shaft 332.

[0034] The transmission unit 34 includes a vertical plate 341, which is slidably installed in a rectangular slide, an L-shaped rack 342 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical plate 341, a buffer spring 343 is fixedly installed between the L-shaped rack 342 and the side wall of the support shell 32, the L-shaped rack 342 and the driving gear 334 are meshed with each other, and a strip-shaped through groove 344 is opened in the middle of the opposite side walls of the support shell 32, and the end of the L-shaped rack 342 away from the driving gear 334 is slidably installed in the strip-shaped through groove 344.

[0035] The flattening unit 35 includes a slide 351, on which the slide 351 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the end of the L-shaped rack 342 away from the driving gear 334, a core shaft 353 is slidably installed inside the slide 351 through an extrusion spring 352, and a flattening plate 354 is fixedly connected to the end of the core shaft 353 away from the extrusion spring 352. The flattening plate 354 is a hollow structure and an extension plate 356 is symmetrically installed inside it. The extension plate 356 and the inner wall of the flattening plate 354 are slidably matched and the upper and lower extension plates 356 are connected by a number of connecting springs 355. A support rod 357 is symmetrically hinged on the outer wall of the end of the slide 351 close to the core shaft 353, and the support rod 357 is hinged on the side wall of the extension plate 356 away from the end of the slide 351.

[0036] In specific operation, when the crawler mobile vehicle 1 is able to drive the soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device based on side distance measurement to move inside the mine tunnel, the reciprocating motor 331 is started, and the reciprocating motor 331 drives the driving shaft 332 and the driving gear 334 to reciprocate, thereby driving the L-shaped rack 342 to move left and right inside the bar-shaped through groove 344, and the L-shaped rack 342 drives the flattening unit 35 to move toward the inner wall of the mine tunnel as a whole. When the flattening plate 354 contacts the inner wall of the mine tunnel, the L-shaped rack 34 2 continues to move, the flat plate 354 will drive the core shaft 353 to move inside the slide cylinder 351, at this time, the extrusion spring 352 is compressed, and at the same time, the reaction force of the inner wall of the mine tunnel on the flat plate 354 will drive the support rod 357 to rotate upward and downward, and the extension plate 356 is driven by the support rod 357 to extend to the outside of the flat plate 354, thereby increasing its flattening area. At the same time, in the process of the extension plate 356 extending outward, the protruding soil on the inner wall of the mine tunnel can be squeezed and leveled, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of subsequent displacement monitoring.

[0037] Embodiment three:

[0038] The technical solution is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The difference is that a monitoring component 4 is installed on the three-axis adjustment component 2 above the flat pressing component 3.

[0039] The monitoring component 4 includes a cylindrical tube 41, and the cylindrical tube 41 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the third slider 235. A laser rangefinder 42 is installed on the cylindrical tube 41. The laser emitter of the laser rangefinder 42 is located inside the cylindrical tube 41. A pressure rod 45 is slidably installed inside the cylindrical tube 41. A monitoring disk 46 is fixedly connected to one end of the pressure rod 45, and a blocking rod 43 is fixedly connected to the other end of the pressure rod 45. A reset spring 44 is sleeved on the outside of the blocking rod 43, and the two ends of the reset spring 44 are respectively abutted against the side wall of the laser emitter and the side wall of the end of the pressure rod 45.

[0040] The monitoring component 4 also includes an alarm unit 47, and the alarm unit 47 is fixedly arranged on the upper end of the monitoring disk 46. The alarm unit 47 includes an L-shaped support plate 471, and the L-shaped support plate 471 is fixedly arranged on the upper end of the monitoring disk 46. A vertical axis 472 is fixedly connected to the L-shaped support plate 471, and the lower end of the vertical axis 472 is fixedly connected to the monitoring disk 46. An electric control valve 473 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the vertical axis 472, and an alarm light 474 is electrically connected to the upper end of the electric control valve 473. An inclined rod 475 is slidably sleeved on the vertical axis 472, and the lower end of the inclined rod 475 is hinged on the side wall of the end of the cylindrical tube 41. A contact rod 476 is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the inclined rod 475 near the vertical axis 472, and the contact rod 476 is directly opposite to the switch of the electric control valve 473.

[0041] During specific operation, when the soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device based on side distance measurement moves to the monitoring point, the inner walls of the mine tunnel on both sides of the monitoring disk 46 are flattened, and the No. 3 motor 232 is started at this time, and the No. 3 threaded rod 233 is driven to rotate by the No. 3 motor 232. Under the action of the No. 3 slide bar 234, the No. 3 slide bar 235 will drive the cylindrical tube 41 and the monitoring disk 46 to move toward the inner wall of the mine tunnel and make the monitoring disk 46 fit to the inner wall of the mine tunnel. At this time, the laser emitter of the laser rangefinder 42 emits a laser in the direction of the baffle 43. After encountering the baffle 43, the laser will return to the laser rangefinder 42. At this time, the laser rangefinder 42 can measure the distance between the laser emitter and the baffle 43, which is recorded as H; the above operation is repeated every other week, and the distance between the laser emitter and the baffle 43 is measured again, which is recorded as h. The displacement of the side wall of the mine tunnel can be obtained by calculating the difference between H and h.

[0042] It should be noted that during the monitoring process, as the inner wall of the mine tunnel continues to displace toward the monitoring disk 46, the force exerted by the inner wall of the mine tunnel on the monitoring disk 46 will drive the inclined rod 475 to rotate upward around its hinge point, and the contact rod 476 will move upward. When the upper end of the contact rod 476 contacts and squeezes the switch of the electric control valve 473, the alarm light 474 will light up and sound an alarm. At this time, it indicates that the displacement of the inner wall of the mine tunnel is too large, and emergency measures should be taken immediately to avoid accidents.

[0043] The present invention also provides a monitoring method for the above-mentioned soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device based on side distance measurement, which specifically includes the following steps: S1, leveling treatment: The crawler mobile vehicle 1 drives the soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device based on side distance measurement to move inside the mine tunnel. During the movement of the soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device based on side distance measurement inside the mine tunnel, the reciprocating motor 331 is started, and the reciprocating motor 331 drives the driving shaft 332 and the driving gear 334 to reciprocate, thereby driving the L-shaped rack 342 to move left and right inside the strip-shaped through groove 344, and the L-shaped rack 342 drives the leveling unit 35 to move toward the inner wall of the mine tunnel as a whole. When the leveling plate 354 contacts the inner wall of the mine tunnel, the leveling plate 354 contacts the inner wall of the mine tunnel. After reaching the inner wall of the mine tunnel, with the continuous movement of the L-shaped rack 342, the flat plate 354 will drive the core shaft 353 to move inside the slide 351. At this time, the extrusion spring 352 is compressed. At the same time, the reaction force of the inner wall of the mine tunnel on the flat plate 354 will drive the support rod 357 to rotate upward and downward. The extension plate 356 is driven by the support rod 357 to extend to the outside of the flat plate 354, thereby increasing its flattening area. At the same time, in the process of the extension plate 356 extending outward, the soil protruding on the inner wall of the mine tunnel can be squeezed and leveled, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of subsequent displacement monitoring. S2, fixed-point monitoring: When the soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device based on side distance measurement moves to the monitoring point, the inner walls of the mine tunnel on both sides of the monitoring plate 46 are flattened, and the No. 3 motor 232 is started at this time, and the No. 3 threaded rod 233 is driven to rotate by the No. 3 motor 232. Under the action of the No. 3 slide bar 234, the No. 3 slide bar 235 will drive the cylindrical tube 41 and the monitoring plate 46 to move toward the inner wall of the mine tunnel and make the monitoring plate 46 fit to the inner wall of the mine tunnel. At this time, the laser emitter of the laser rangefinder 42 emits a laser in the direction of the blocking rod 43. After encountering the blocking rod 43, the laser will return to the laser rangefinder 42. At this time, the laser rangefinder 42 can measure the distance between the laser emitter and the blocking rod 43, which is recorded as H; S3, distance detection: repeat the above operation every other week, measure the distance between the laser transmitter and the blocking rod 43 again, record it as h, and calculate the difference between H and h to obtain the displacement of the side wall of the mine tunnel; During the monitoring process, as the inner wall of the mine tunnel continues to displace toward the monitoring disk 46, the force exerted by the inner wall of the mine tunnel on the monitoring disk 46 will drive the inclined rod 475 to rotate upward around its hinge point, and the contact rod 476 will move upward. When the upper end of the contact rod 476 contacts and squeezes the switch of the electric control valve 473, the alarm light 474 will light up and sound an alarm. At this time, it means that the displacement of the inner wall of the mine tunnel is too large, and emergency measures should be taken immediately to avoid accidents.

[0044] It should be noted that in order to improve the accuracy of two adjacent distance detections, before the detection, the monitoring component 4 is first moved to the left by the third adjustment unit 23, and then the monitoring component 4 is driven to move downward by the second adjustment unit 22 and the monitoring disk 46 is moved to a position in contact with the cylindrical cleaning brush 333. At this time, the cylindrical cleaning brush 333 is driven to rotate back and forth by the reciprocating motor 331, so as to achieve the purpose of cleaning the side wall of the monitoring disk 46, thereby preventing the soil adhered to the side wall of the monitoring disk 46 from affecting the accuracy of the distance detection between the laser emitter and the blocking rod 43.

[0045] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device based on side distance measurement, comprising a crawler mobile vehicle (1) and a three-axis adjustment assembly (2) fixedly mounted on the upper end of the crawler mobile vehicle (1), characterized in that: A leveling component (3) is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the crawler-type mobile vehicle (1) and located on the side of the three-axis adjustment component (2), and a monitoring component (4) is installed on the three-axis adjustment component (2) above the leveling component (3); The flat pressing assembly (3) comprises Support legs (31) are arranged in a matrix on the upper end surface of the crawler-type mobile vehicle (1) and at the side of the three-axis adjustment assembly (2); A support shell (32), the upper end of the support leg (31) being fixedly connected to the support shell (32), and the upper end and one side of the support shell (32) are both open; A driving unit (33), wherein the driving unit (33) is mounted on a side wall of the supporting shell (32); The transmission unit (34) is symmetrically provided with a rectangular slideway at the bottom of the support housing (32), and the transmission unit (34) is slidably installed in the rectangular slideway; A flattening unit (35) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the end of the transmission unit (34).

2. The soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device based on side distance measurement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The three-axis adjustment assembly (2) comprises a first adjustment unit (21), the first adjustment unit (21) being fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the crawler-type mobile vehicle (1) at a position close to the edge, the second adjustment unit (22) being fixedly mounted on the first adjustment unit (21), the third adjustment unit (23) being fixedly mounted on the second adjustment unit (22), the first adjustment unit (21) and the second adjustment unit (22) being arranged vertically, and the second adjustment unit (22) and the third adjustment unit (23) being arranged vertically.

3. The soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device based on side distance measurement according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first adjustment unit (21) comprises a No. 1 shaped plate (211), the No. 1 shaped plate (211) is fixedly installed at a position near the edge of the upper end surface of the crawler mobile vehicle (1), a No. 1 threaded rod (213) is rotatably arranged in the middle of the No. 1 shaped plate (211), a No. 1 slide rod (214) is symmetrically installed on both sides of the No. 1 threaded rod (213), the end of the No. 1 slide rod (214) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the No. 1 shaped plate (211), the end of the No. 1 threaded rod (213) extends to the outside of the No. 1 shaped plate (211) and is fixedly installed with a No. 1 motor (212), the No. 1 motor (212) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the No. 1 shaped plate (211), a No. 1 slide block (215) is screwed to the middle of the No. 1 threaded rod (213), and the No. 1 slide block (215) and the No. 1 slide rod (214) are connected in a sliding manner.

4. The soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device based on side distance measurement according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The second adjustment unit (22) comprises an L-shaped plate (221), the upper end of the first slider (215) is fixedly connected to the L-shaped plate (221), the upper end of the L-shaped plate (221) is fixedly mounted with a second motor (222), the output shaft of the second motor (222) is fixedly connected with a second threaded rod (223), the lower end of the second threaded rod (223) is rotatably arranged on the first slider (215), second slide rods (224) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second threaded rod (223), the lower end of the second slide rod (224) is fixedly connected to the first slider (215), the middle part of the second threaded rod (223) is screwed with the second slider (225), and the second slider (225) and the second slide rod (224) are slidably connected.

5. The soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device based on side distance measurement according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The described third adjustment unit (23) includes a second C-shaped plate (231). A second C-shaped plate (231) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second slider (225). A third motor (232) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the second C-shaped plate (231). The output shaft of the third motor (232) is fixedly connected to a third threaded rod (233). The end of the third threaded rod (233) away from the third motor (232) is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the second C-shaped plate (231). On both sides of the third threaded rod (233), third sliding rods (234) are symmetrically arranged. The ends of the third sliding rods (234) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second C-shaped plate (231). The third slider (235) is slidably connected to the third sliding rods (234).

6. The soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device based on side distance measurement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The described driving unit (33) includes a reciprocating motor (331). A reciprocating motor (331) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the support housing (32). The output shaft of the reciprocating motor (331) is fixedly connected to a driving shaft (332). The end of the driving shaft (332) away from the reciprocating motor (331) is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the support housing (32). In the middle of the driving shaft (332), a cylindrical cleaning brush (333) is fixedly arranged. On both sides of the cylindrical cleaning brush (333) and near the ends of the driving shaft (332), driving gears (334) are symmetrically installed.

7. The soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device based on side distance measurement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The described transmission unit (34) includes a vertical plate (341). The vertical plate (341) is slidably installed in the rectangular slideway. The upper end of the vertical plate (341) is fixedly connected to an L-shaped rack (342). A buffer spring (343) is fixedly installed between the L-shaped rack (342) and the side wall of the support housing (32). The L-shaped rack (342) meshes with the driving gear (334). In the middle of the opposite side walls of the support housing (32), strip-shaped through slots (344) are opened. The end of the L-shaped rack (342) away from the driving gear (334) is slidably installed in the strip-shaped through slots (344).

8. The soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device based on side distance measurement according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The described flat pressing unit (35) includes a sliding cylinder (351). A sliding cylinder (351) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the end of the L-shaped rack (342) away from the driving gear (334). Inside the sliding cylinder (351), a core shaft (353) is slidably installed through a compression spring (352). The end of the core shaft (353) away from the compression spring (352) is fixedly connected to a flat pressing plate (354). The flat pressing plate (354) is of a hollow structure and symmetrically installed with extension plates (356) inside. The extension plates (356) are slidably fitted with the inner wall of the flat pressing plate (354) and the upper and lower extension plates (356) are connected by a number of connecting springs (355). On the outer wall of the end of the sliding cylinder (351) close to the core shaft (353), support rods (357) are symmetrically hinged. The ends of the support rods (357) away from the sliding cylinder (351) are hinged to the side walls of the extension plates (356).

9. The soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device based on side distance measurement according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The monitoring assembly (4) comprises a cylindrical tube (41), the cylindrical tube (41) being fixedly connected to the side wall of the third slider (235), a laser rangefinder (42) being mounted on the cylindrical tube (41), a laser emitter of the laser rangefinder (42) being located inside the cylindrical tube (41), a pressure rod (45) being slidably mounted inside the cylindrical tube (41), one end of the pressure rod (45) being fixedly connected to a monitoring plate (46), the other end of the pressure rod (45) being fixedly connected to a blocking rod (43), a return spring (44) being sleeved on the outer side of the blocking rod (43), the two ends of the return spring (44) respectively abutting against the side wall of the laser emitter and the side wall of the end of the pressure rod (45).

10. The monitoring method of the soil deep horizontal displacement monitoring device based on side distance measurement according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1, leveling treatment: first, manually controlling the crawler mobile vehicle (1) so that it can move along the position close to the side wall of the mine tunnel, and during the movement, starting the leveling component (3) to level the side wall of the mine tunnel through the leveling component (3); S2, fixed-point monitoring: when the crawler mobile vehicle (1) reaches the monitoring point, the monitoring component (4) is adjusted to a suitable height by controlling the three-axis adjustment component (2), and then the third adjustment unit (23) drives the end of the monitoring component (4) to fit onto the side wall of the mine tunnel after the leveling treatment, and records the distance H between the laser rangefinder (42) and the barrier rod (43) at this time; S3. Distance detection: Every other week, the distance h between the laser rangefinder (42) and the barrier rod (43) is recorded again. The displacement of the side wall of the mine tunnel can be obtained by calculating the difference between H and h.

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