Bearing clearance non-uncovering detection equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a bearing clearance non-uncovering detection device. The whole device is composed of a bottom frame, a stand column set, a cross beam, a pushing and blocking wheel mechanism, a wheel pair riding wheel mechanism, a wheel pair centering mechanism and a clearance measuring mechanism. According to the bearing clearance non-uncovering detection equipment provided by the invention, the axial clearance can be automatically detected without uncovering a wheel set bearing, the process not only improves the detection efficiency, but also ensures the continuity and consistency of the detection process, in addition, the equipment is suitable for clearance detection of various types of bearings, and the detection efficiency is greatly improved. The detection process is fully automatic and does not need manual intervention, so that the accuracy of a detection result is ensured, the possibility of human errors is reduced, the reliability of detection data is improved, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, a large amount of manpower and material resources are saved, the detection efficiency is greatly improved, and the detection cost is reduced. The accuracy of the detection process is improved, and the method has important significance for improving the maintenance quality and the maintenance efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of railway freight car wheel axle inspection and maintenance, and in particular to railway freight car wheel axle bearing detection equipment. The device can realize automatic detection of axial clearance of wheel pair bearings without opening a cover, and is suitable for clearance detection of bearings of various models. The detection process is fully automated and does not require manual operation, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the detection result. Background Art

[0002] As a key component of railway vehicles, the maintenance quality of railway freight car wheel bearings has a vital impact on the safe operation and reliability of trains. At present, the detection process of the axial clearance of railway vehicle wheel bearings without opening the cover mainly relies on manual operation. This operation method not only greatly increases the labor intensity of workers, but also has relatively low production efficiency. In addition, errors are prone to occur during the manual detection process, resulting in inaccurate detection results. What is more serious is that this operation method also has safety hazards, which can easily cause workers to suffer work-related accidents such as smashing and bruising during operation. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a bearing clearance detection device without opening the cover, which can realize automatic detection of the axial clearance of wheelset bearings without opening the cover. It is not only suitable for the clearance detection of various types of bearings, but also the detection process is fully automated without manual operation, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the detection results and the safety of the equipment detection process. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bearing clearance detection device without opening the cover to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, reduce the labor intensity of operators, realize unmanned operation of railway freight car wheel bearing detection, and further improve the inspection quality and efficiency of railway freight car wheel bearings.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a bearing clearance detection device without opening the cover, characterized in that the whole machine is composed of a base frame (1), a column group (2), a crossbeam (3), a push-block wheel mechanism (4), a wheelset supporting wheel mechanism (5), a wheelset centering mechanism (6), and a clearance measuring mechanism (7); the base frame (1) is installed on a ground foundation to support the entire device; the column group (2) is composed of two columns, which are symmetrically installed on both sides of the base frame (1) with the base frame (1) as the center; the crossbeam (3) is parallel to the base frame (1) and is installed on both sides of the base frame (1). The frame (1) is connected to the base frame (1) through a column group (2); the push-block wheel mechanism (4) is installed on the base frame (1) and is centrally symmetrically distributed on both sides of the base frame (1) with the center of the base frame (1) as the reference; the wheelset supporting wheel mechanism (5) is installed at the center of the base frame (1) and is connected to the wheelset centering mechanism (6); the clearance measuring mechanism (7) has two groups with completely the same structure and is symmetrically installed on the inner side surfaces of the column groups (2) on both sides of the base frame (1) with the base frame (1) as the center.

[0006] Preferably, the push-block wheel mechanism (4) is composed of a parallel guide rail (41), a push-block wheel plate (42), a pin shaft (43), and a push-block wheel cylinder (44); wherein the parallel guide rail (41), the push-block wheel plate (42), the pin shaft (43), and the push-block wheel cylinder (44) are in total two groups, and the two groups have exactly the same structure, and the parallel guide rail (41) is mounted on the base frame (1); the push-block wheel plate (42) is a cyclone three-blade structure design, which can stably support the wheel pair and can rotate 360 ​​degrees, and is fixedly mounted at the center position of the outer side surface of the parallel guide rail (41) through the pin shaft (43); the push-block wheel The oil cylinder (44) is located on the outer side of the parallel guide rail (41) and is connected to the wheel-pushing plate (42) through a connecting rod. When the wheelset enters the working station, the oil cylinder rod of the wheel-pushing oil cylinder (44) extends outward, driving the wheel-pushing plate (42) to rotate in the clockwise direction. The wheel-pushing plate (42) directly contacts the surface of the wheelset, thereby effectively preventing the wheelset from continuing to move, thereby completing the wheel-pushing operation. When the wheelset leaves the working station, the oil cylinder rod of the wheel-pushing oil cylinder (44) contracts inward, driving the wheel-pushing plate (42) to rotate in the counterclockwise direction, and the wheel-pushing plate (42) directly contacts the surface of the wheelset again, pushing the wheelset to move out, thereby completing the wheel-pushing operation.

[0007] Preferably, the wheel pair supporting roller mechanism (5) is composed of a supporting roller seat (51), a guide optical axis (52), a limit stopper (53), a tug roller bracket (54), a supporting roller cylinder (55), and a cushion block (56); the supporting roller seat (51) is a square structure, installed on the base frame (1), and supports the entire mechanism; there are two guiding optical axes (52), and the two structures are completely the same, and they are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the supporting roller cylinder (55) with the guiding optical axis (52) as the center; the limit stopper (53) is installed at the bottom of the guiding optical axis (52) to limit the lifting stroke; the tug roller bracket (54) is connected to the supporting roller cylinder (55) by the support roller cylinder (56) The cylinder head of the supporting wheel cylinder (55) is connected to the tugboat seat (51), and the supporting wheel cylinder (55) is vertically installed at the center of the supporting wheel seat (51); the cushion block (56) is in the shape of a hollow ring and is installed on the inner side of the upper surface of the tugboat seat (51). When the wheelset enters the working station, the piston rod of the supporting wheel cylinder (55) extends to drive the tugboat roller bracket (54) to lift the wheelset upward, thereby driving the guide optical axes (52) on both sides to rise, playing a supporting and guiding role in the rising process. When the wheelset rises to a specified height, the limit stopper (53) contacts and clamps with the cushion block (56), the wheelset rises and stops, and the supporting wheel movement is completed.

[0008] Preferably, the wheelset centering mechanism (6) is composed of a clamping cylinder (61), a fixed seat (62), a fixed bracket (63), a connecting bracket (64), a connecting rod (65), a clamping cylinder head (66), a positioning block (67), a swing block (68) and a fixed pin (69); the clamping cylinder (61) is installed on the fixed bracket (63); the fixed seat (62) is connected to the swing block (68) at its upper end through a fixed pin (69), and the lower end is fixed to the base frame (1); the connecting bracket (64) is connected to the fixed bracket (63) at its upper end, and is fixed to the base frame (1) at its lower end, and plays a role of stabilizing support when the clamping cylinder (61) is in motion; the connecting rod (65) is slidably connected to the swing block (68) at one end, and is slidably connected to the clamping cylinder at the other end The cylinder head (66) is connected to the cylinder head (66); the positioning block (67) is fixedly mounted on the center position of the pendulum block (68), and the pendulum block (68) is fixedly mounted on the fixed seat (62) through a fixed pin shaft (69); when the wheelset is lifted to the specified position by the wheelset supporting mechanism (5), the clamping cylinder (61) is actuated, and its piston rod extends, driving the clamping cylinder head (66) to extend, thereby driving the connecting rod (65) to swing in the counterclockwise direction, thereby driving the pendulum block (68) to move clockwise around the fixed pin shaft (69), and the positioning block (67) is located at the center position of the pendulum block (68). When the positioning block (67) contacts the inner side of the wheelset rim, it drives the wheelset to move, thereby adjusting the position of the wheelset. When the wheelset stops moving, the wheelset centering work is completed.

[0009] Preferably, the clearance measuring mechanism (7) is composed of a fixed slide plate (71), a lifting platform (72), a lifting cylinder (73), a lifting cylinder seat (74), a lifting cylinder joint (75), a connecting seat 1 (76), a model switching cylinder (77), a connecting block (78), a horizontal slide (79), a pressure cylinder (80), a pressure sensor (81), a connecting seat 2 (82), a clamping cylinder seat (83), a clamping cylinder 2 (84), a connecting plug-in (85), a fixed plate (86), an E-axis movable clamp (87), a D-axis movable clamp (88), a measuring cylinder (89), and a clearance sensor (90); the fixed slide plate (71) is installed on the inner side of the column group (2) and is located close to the crossbeam ( 3), the lifting platform (72) is connected to the fixed slide plate (71) through a linear slide rail, and the lifting cylinder (73) is connected to the fixed slide plate (71) through a lifting cylinder seat (74); the lifting cylinder joint (75) is installed at the center position of the inner side of the lifting platform (72) through a connecting seat (76); the model switching cylinder (77) is fixedly installed on the lifting platform (72), and its piston rod is connected to the horizontal slide (79) through a connecting block (78); the pressure cylinder (80) is installed on the outside of the horizontal slide (79), and its piston rod is connected to the pressure sensor (81), and the pressure sensor (81) is connected to the fixed plate (86) through a connecting seat (82); The clamping cylinder (84) is connected to the fixed plate (86) through the clamping cylinder seat (83), and its cylinder head is connected to the connecting plug-in (85). The E-axis movable clamp (87) and the D-axis movable clamp (88) are installed on the fixed plate (86) at one end and connected to the connecting plug-in (85) at the other end; the clearance sensor (90) is fixed to the fixed plate (86) through the measuring cylinder (89); the model switching cylinder (77) is actuated, and its piston rod extends, thereby driving the horizontal slide (79) to move horizontally, thereby driving the E-axis movable clamp (87) and the D-axis movable clamp (88) to move horizontally until they reach the specified position. When the E-axis movable clamp (87) or the D-axis movable clamp (88) is in contact with the outer ring of the bearing, When in contact, if the bearing is an E-axis bearing, the E-axis movable clamp (87) contacts the outer ring of the bearing, while the D-axis movable clamp (88) does not contact. At this time, the outer ring of the bearing is fixed between the fixed plate (86) and the E-axis movable clamp (87), and the grasping action is completed; on the contrary, if the bearing is a D-axis bearing, the D-axis movable clamp (88) contacts the outer ring of the bearing, while the E-axis movable clamp (87) does not contact. The outer ring of the bearing is fixed between the fixed plate (86) and the D-axis movable clamp (88), and the grasping action is also completed; the lifting cylinder (73) is actuated, and its piston rod is extended or retracted, thereby driving the entire set of measuring fixtures to be positioned at the specified position of the wheelset to be tested; at the same time, the measuring cylinder (89) is actuated to push the clearance sensor (90) to move horizontally;When the pressure cylinder (80) is activated, its piston rod extends, and the pressure sensor (81) is stressed. When the pressure value reaches a preset value, the distance value between the clearance sensor (90) and the outer side of the rim is recorded; when the pressure cylinder (80) is activated, its piston rod contracts, and the pressure sensor (81) detects the preset pressure value again, the distance value between the clearance sensor (90) and the outer side of the rim is recorded. The difference between the two distance values ​​is the axial movement of the bearing outer ring, and the clearance measurement action is completed. ;

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following beneficial technical effects:

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bearing clearance detection device without opening the cover, which can automatically complete the automatic detection of the bearing axial clearance of the uncovered wheelset; to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, reduce the labor intensity of operators, realize the automated operation of railway wheel maintenance, and further improve the efficiency of railway wheel bearing axial clearance detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a front view of a bearing clearance detection device without opening the cover;

[0014] Figure 2 It is the front view of the push and block wheel mechanism;

[0015] Figure 3 This is the front view of the wheelset supporting wheel mechanism;

[0016] Figure 4 It is the top view of the wheelset centering mechanism;

[0017] Figure 5 This is the front view of the wheelset alignment mechanism;

[0018] Figure 6 This is the front view of the clearance measuring mechanism;

[0019] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the clearance measuring mechanism;

[0020] In the figure: 1-base frame, 2-column group, 3-crossbeam, 4-pushing wheel mechanism, 5-wheel pair supporting wheel mechanism, 6-wheel pair centering mechanism; 41-parallel guide rail, 42-pushing wheel plate, 43-pin shaft, 44-pushing wheel cylinder; 51-supporting wheel seat, 52-guide light axis, 53-limiting baffle, 54-tug roller bracket, 55-supporting wheel cylinder, 56-pad; 61-clamping cylinder 1, 62-fixed seat, 63-fixed bracket, 64-connecting bracket, 65-connecting rod, 66-clamping cylinder cylinder head, 67-positioning block, 68-swing Block, 69-fixed pin; 71-fixed slide plate, 72-lifting platform, 73-lifting cylinder, 74-lifting cylinder seat, 75-lifting cylinder joint, 76-connecting seat one, 77-model switching cylinder, 78-connecting block, 79-horizontal slide, 80-pressure cylinder, 81-pressure sensor, 82-connecting seat two, 83-clamping cylinder seat, 84-clamping cylinder two, 85-connecting plug-in, 86-fixed plate, 87-E-axis movable clamping jaw, 88-D-axis movable clamping jaw, 89-measuring cylinder, 90-clearance sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, the whole machine is composed of a base frame (1), a column group (2), a crossbeam (3), a push-block wheel mechanism (4), a wheel pair supporting wheel mechanism (5), a wheel pair centering mechanism (6), and a clearance measuring mechanism (7); the base frame (1) is installed on a ground foundation to support the entire device; the column group (2) is composed of two columns, which are symmetrically installed on both sides of the base frame (1) with the base frame (1) as the center; the crossbeam (3) is parallel to the base frame (1) and connected to the base frame (1) through the column group (2); the push-block wheel mechanism (4) is installed on the base frame (1) and is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the base frame (1) with the center of the base frame (1) as the reference; the wheel pair supporting wheel mechanism (5) is installed in the center of the base frame (1) The center position of the wheel set is connected to the wheel set centering mechanism (6); the clearance measuring mechanism (7) has two groups, and the structure is exactly the same. It is symmetrically installed on the inner side of the column group (2) on both sides of the frame (1) with the frame as the center; the push wheel mechanism (4) is composed of a parallel guide rail (41), a push wheel plate (42), a pin shaft (43), and a push wheel cylinder (44); wherein the parallel guide rail (41), the push wheel plate (42), the pin shaft (43), and the push wheel cylinder (44) have two groups, and the two groups have exactly the same structure. The parallel guide rail (41) is installed on the frame (1); the push wheel plate (42) is a cyclone three-blade structure design, which can stably support the wheel set and can rotate 360 ​​degrees. It is connected to the wheel set by the pin shaft (43). ) is fixedly installed at the center position of the outer side surface of the parallel guide rail (41); the push-wheel oil cylinder (44) is located on the outer side surface of the parallel guide rail (41) and is connected to the push-wheel plate (42) through a connecting rod; when the wheelset enters the working station, the cylinder rod of the push-wheel oil cylinder (44) extends outward to drive the push-wheel plate (42) to rotate in the clockwise direction; the push-wheel plate (42) directly contacts the surface of the wheelset, thereby effectively preventing the wheelset from continuing to move and completing the wheel blocking operation; when the wheelset leaves the working station, the cylinder rod of the push-wheel oil cylinder (44) contracts inward to drive the push-wheel plate (42) to rotate in the counterclockwise direction, and the push-wheel plate (42) directly contacts the surface of the wheelset again, pushing the wheelset to move out and completing the wheel pushing operation; the wheelset supporting wheel mechanism (5) , which is composed of a roller support (51), a guide light shaft (52), a limit baffle (53), a tug roller bracket (54), a roller cylinder (55), and a cushion block (56); the roller support (51) is a square structure, installed on the base frame (1), and supports the entire mechanism; there are two guide light shafts (52), and the two structures are exactly the same. They are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the roller cylinder (55) with the guide light shaft (52) as the center; the limit baffle (53) is installed at the bottom of the guide light shaft (52) to limit the lifting stroke; the tug roller bracket (54) is connected to the roller support (51) through the cylinder head of the roller cylinder (55), and the roller cylinder (55) is vertically installed at the center of the roller support (51);The pad (56) is in the shape of a hollow ring and is installed on the inner side of the upper surface of the tugboat seat (51). When the wheelset enters the working position, the piston rod of the wheel supporting cylinder (55) extends to drive the tugboat roller bracket (54) to lift the wheelset upward, thereby driving the guide optical axes (52) on both sides to rise, playing a supporting and guiding role in the rising process. When the wheelset rises to a specified height, the limit stopper (53) contacts and clamps with the pad (56), the wheelset rises and stops, and the wheel supporting action is completed. The wheelset centering mechanism (6) is composed of a clamping cylinder (61), a fixing seat (62), a fixing bracket (63), a connecting bracket (64), and a connecting rod (65). ), a clamping cylinder head (66), a positioning block (67), a swing block (68) and a fixed pin shaft (69); the clamping cylinder (61) is installed on a fixed bracket (63); the fixed seat (62) is connected to the swing block (68) at its upper end through a fixed pin shaft (69), and the lower end is fixed to the base frame (1); the connecting bracket (64) is connected to the fixed bracket (63) at its upper end, and is fixed to the base frame (1) at its lower end, and plays a role of stable support when the clamping cylinder (61) is in motion; the connecting rod (65) is slidably connected to the swing block (68) at one end, and connected to the clamping cylinder head (66) at the other end; the positioning block (67), It is fixedly mounted at the center of the swing block (68), and the swing block (68) is fixedly mounted on the fixed seat (62) via a fixed pin shaft (69); when the wheelset is lifted to the designated position by the wheelset supporting mechanism (5), the clamping cylinder (61) is actuated, and its piston rod extends, driving the clamping cylinder head (66) to extend, thereby driving the connecting rod (65) to swing in the counterclockwise direction, thereby driving the swing block (68) to move clockwise around the fixed pin shaft (69); the positioning block (67) is located at the center of the swing block (68); when the positioning block (67) contacts the inner side of the wheelset rim, it drives the wheelset to move, thereby adjusting the position of the wheelset; when The wheelset stops moving, and the wheelset alignment work is completed; the clearance measuring mechanism (7) is composed of a fixed slide rail plate (71), a lifting platform (72), a lifting cylinder (73), a lifting cylinder seat (74), a lifting cylinder joint (75), a connecting seat 1 (76), a model switching cylinder (77), a connecting block (78), a horizontal slide (79), a pressure cylinder (80), a pressure sensor (81), a connecting seat 2 (82), a clamping cylinder seat (83), a clamping cylinder 2 (84), a connecting plug-in (85), a fixed plate (86), an E-axis movable clamp (87), a D-axis movable clamp (88), a measuring cylinder (89), and a clearance sensor (90);The fixed slide plate (71) is installed on the inner side of the column group (2) and is located close to the crossbeam (3). The lifting platform (72) is connected to the fixed slide plate (71) through a linear slide rail. The lifting cylinder (73) is connected to the fixed slide plate (71) through a lifting cylinder seat (74). The lifting cylinder joint (75) is installed at the center position of the inner side of the lifting platform (72) through a connecting seat (76). The model switching cylinder (77) is fixedly installed on the lifting platform (72), and its piston rod is connected to the horizontal slide (79) through a connecting block (78). The pressure cylinder (80) is installed on the outside of the horizontal slide (79) and its movable The plug rod is connected to the pressure sensor (81), and the pressure sensor (81) is connected to the fixed plate (86) through the second connecting seat (82); the second clamping cylinder (84) is connected to the fixed plate (86) through the clamping cylinder seat (83), and its cylinder head is connected to the connecting plug-in (85); one end of the E-axis movable clamp (87) and the D-axis movable clamp (88) are installed on the fixed plate (86) and the other end is connected to the connecting plug-in (85); the clearance sensor (90) is fixed to the fixed plate (86) through the measuring cylinder (89); when the model switching cylinder (77) is actuated, its piston rod extends, thereby driving the horizontal slide (79) to move horizontally, thereby driving the E-axis movable clamp (87) and the D-axis movable clamp (88) move horizontally until they reach the specified position. When the E-axis movable clamp (87) or the D-axis movable clamp (88) contacts the outer ring of the bearing, if the bearing is an RE-axis bearing, the E-axis movable clamp (87) contacts the outer ring of the bearing, while the D-axis movable clamp (88) does not contact. At this time, the outer ring of the bearing is fixed between the fixed plate (86) and the E-axis movable clamp (87), and the grasping action is completed; on the contrary, if the bearing is an RD-axis bearing, the D-axis movable clamp (88) contacts the outer ring of the bearing, while the E-axis movable clamp (87) does not contact. The outer ring of the bearing is fixed between the fixed plate (86) and the D-axis movable clamp (88), and the grasping action is also completed; the lifting cylinder (73 ) is actuated, its piston rod is extended or retracted, thereby driving the entire set of measuring fixtures to be positioned at the designated position of the wheelset to be tested; at the same time, the measuring cylinder (89) is actuated, pushing the clearance sensor (90) to move horizontally; when the pressure cylinder (80) is actuated, its piston rod is extended, and the pressure sensor (81) is subjected to force. When the pressure value reaches a preset value, the distance value between the clearance sensor (90) and the outer side of the rim is recorded; when the pressure cylinder (80) is actuated, its piston rod is retracted, and the pressure sensor (81) detects the preset pressure value again, the distance value between the clearance sensor (90) and the outer side of the rim is recorded. The difference between the two distance values ​​is the axial movement of the bearing outer ring, and the clearance measurement action is completed. ;

[0023] The present invention applies specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A bearing clearance detection device without opening the cover, characterized in that: The whole machine is composed of a base frame (1), a column group (2), a crossbeam (3), a push-block wheel mechanism (4), a wheelset supporting wheel mechanism (5), a wheelset centering mechanism (6), and a clearance measuring mechanism (7); the base frame (1) is installed on a ground foundation to support the whole device; the column group (2) is composed of two columns, which are symmetrically installed on both sides of the base frame (1) with the base frame (1) as the center; the crossbeam (3) is parallel to the base frame (1) and is connected to the base frame (1) through the column group (2); the push-block wheel mechanism (4) is installed on the base frame (1) and is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the base frame (1) with the center of the base frame (1) as the reference; the wheelset supporting wheel mechanism (5) is installed at the center of the base frame (1) and is connected to the wheelset centering mechanism (6); the clearance measuring mechanism (7) is composed of two groups with completely the same structure and is symmetrically installed on the inner side surfaces of the column groups (2) on both sides of the base frame (1) with the base frame (1) as the center.

2. The bearing clearance detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The push-block wheel mechanism (4) is composed of a parallel guide rail (41), a push-block wheel plate (42), a pin shaft (43), and a push-block wheel oil cylinder (44); wherein the parallel guide rail (41), the push-block wheel plate (42), the pin shaft (43), and the push-block wheel oil cylinder (44) are two groups in total, and the two groups have exactly the same structure. The parallel guide rail (41) is mounted on the base frame (1); the push-block wheel plate (42) is a cyclone three-blade structure design, which can stably support the wheel pair and can rotate 360 ​​degrees. It is fixedly mounted at the center position of the outer side surface of the parallel guide rail (41) through the pin shaft (43); the push-block wheel oil cylinder (44), which is located on the outer surface of the parallel guide rail (41) and is connected to the push-block wheel plate (42) through a connecting rod; when the wheelset enters the working station, the cylinder rod of the push-block wheel cylinder (44) extends outward, driving the push-block wheel plate (42) to rotate in the clockwise direction; the push-block wheel plate (42) directly contacts the surface of the wheelset, thereby effectively preventing the wheelset from continuing to move, completing the wheel blocking operation; when the wheelset leaves the working station, the cylinder rod of the push-block wheel cylinder (44) contracts inward, driving the push-block wheel plate (42) to rotate in the counterclockwise direction, and the push-block wheel plate (42) directly contacts the surface of the wheelset again, pushing the wheelset to move out, completing the wheel pushing operation.

3. The bearing clearance detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wheel pair supporting roller mechanism (5) is composed of a supporting roller seat (51), a guide optical axis (52), a limit stopper (53), a tug roller bracket (54), a supporting roller cylinder (55), and a cushion block (56); the supporting roller seat (51) is a square structure, installed on the base frame (1), and supports the entire mechanism; there are two guiding optical axes (52), and the two structures are completely the same, and they are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the supporting roller cylinder (55) with the guiding optical axis (52) as the center; the limit stopper (53) is installed at the bottom of the guiding optical axis (52) to limit the lifting stroke; the tug roller bracket (54) is connected to the supporting roller cylinder (55) by the support roller cylinder (55) ) is connected to the tugboat seat (51), and the supporting wheel cylinder (55) is vertically installed at the center of the supporting wheel seat (51); the cushion block (56) is in the shape of a hollow circular ring and is installed on the inner side of the upper surface of the tugboat seat (51). When the wheelset enters the working station, the piston rod of the supporting wheel cylinder (55) extends to drive the tugboat roller bracket (54) to lift the wheelset upward, thereby driving the guide optical axes (52) on both sides to rise, playing a supporting and guiding role in the rising process. When the wheelset rises to a specified height, the limit stopper (53) contacts and clamps with the cushion block (56), the wheelset rises and stops, and the supporting wheel movement is completed.

4. The bearing clearance detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wheelset centering mechanism (6) is composed of a clamping cylinder (61), a fixed seat (62), a fixed bracket (63), a connecting bracket (64), a connecting rod (65), a clamping cylinder head (66), a positioning block (67), a swing block (68) and a fixed pin (69); the clamping cylinder (61) is installed on the fixed bracket (63); the upper end of the fixed seat (62) is connected to the swing block (68) through the fixed pin (69), and the lower end is fixed to the base frame (1); the upper end of the connecting bracket (64) is connected to the fixed bracket (63) and the lower end is fixed to the base frame (1), and when the clamping cylinder (61) is in motion, it plays a role of stable support; one end of the connecting rod (65) is slidably connected to the swing block (68), and the other end is connected to the clamping cylinder. The cylinder head (66) is connected; the positioning block (67) is fixedly mounted on the center position of the pendulum block (68), and the pendulum block (68) is fixedly mounted on the fixed seat (62) through a fixed pin shaft (69); when the wheelset is lifted to the specified position by the wheelset supporting mechanism (5), the clamping cylinder (61) is actuated, and its piston rod extends, driving the clamping cylinder cylinder head (66) to extend, thereby driving the connecting rod (65) to swing in the counterclockwise direction, thereby driving the pendulum block (68) to move clockwise around the fixed pin shaft (69), and the positioning block (67) is located at the center position of the pendulum block (68). When the positioning block (67) contacts the inner side of the wheelset rim, it drives the wheelset to move, thereby adjusting the position of the wheelset. When the wheelset stops moving, the wheelset centering work is completed.

5. The bearing clearance detection device without opening the cover according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The clearance measuring mechanism (7) is composed of a fixed slide plate (71), a lifting platform (72), a lifting cylinder (73), a lifting cylinder seat (74), a lifting cylinder joint (75), a connecting seat 1 (76), a model switching cylinder (77), a connecting block (78), a horizontal slide (79), a pressure cylinder (80), a pressure sensor (81), a connecting seat 2 (82), a clamping cylinder seat (83), a clamping cylinder 2 (84), a connecting plug-in (85), a fixed plate (86), an E-axis movable clamp (87), a D-axis movable clamp (88), a measuring cylinder (89), and a clearance sensor (90); the fixed slide plate (71) is installed on the inner side of the column group (2) and is located close to the crossbeam (3). The lifting platform (72) is connected to the fixed slide plate (71) through a linear slide rail, and the lifting cylinder (73) is connected to the fixed slide plate (71) through a lifting cylinder seat (74); the lifting cylinder joint (75) is installed at the center position of the inner side of the lifting platform (72) through a connecting seat (76); the model switching cylinder (77) is fixedly installed on the lifting platform (72), and its piston rod is connected to the horizontal slide (79) through a connecting block (78); the pressure cylinder (80) is installed on the outside of the horizontal slide (79), and its piston rod is connected to the pressure sensor (81), and the pressure sensor (81) is connected to the fixed plate (86) through a connecting seat (82); the clamping The second cylinder (84) is connected to the fixed plate (86) through the clamping cylinder seat (83), and its cylinder head is connected to the connecting plug-in (85). The E-axis movable clamp (87) and the D-axis movable clamp (88) are installed on the fixed plate (86) at one end and connected to the connecting plug-in (85) at the other end; the clearance sensor (90) is fixed to the fixed plate (86) through the measuring cylinder (89); the model switching cylinder (77) is actuated, and its piston rod extends, thereby driving the horizontal slide (79) to move horizontally, thereby driving the E-axis movable clamp (87) and the D-axis movable clamp (88) to move horizontally until they reach the specified position, when the E-axis movable clamp (87) or the D-axis movable clamp (88) contacts the outer ring of the bearing When the bearing is an RE shaft bearing, the E shaft movable jaw (87) contacts the outer ring of the bearing, while the D shaft movable jaw (88) does not contact it. At this time, the outer ring of the bearing is fixed between the fixed plate (86) and the E shaft movable jaw (87), and the grasping action is completed; on the contrary, if the bearing is an RD shaft bearing, the D shaft movable jaw (88) contacts the outer ring of the bearing, while the E shaft movable jaw (87) does not contact it. The outer ring of the bearing is fixed between the fixed plate (86) and the D shaft movable jaw (88), and the grasping action is also completed; the lifting cylinder (73) is actuated, and its piston rod is extended or retracted, thereby driving the entire set of measuring fixtures to be positioned at the specified position of the wheelset to be tested; at the same time, the measuring cylinder (89) is actuated to push the clearance sensor (90) to move horizontally;When the pressure cylinder (80) is activated, its piston rod extends, and the pressure sensor (81) is stressed. When the pressure value reaches a preset value, the distance value between the clearance sensor (90) and the outer side of the rim is recorded; when the pressure cylinder (80) is activated, its piston rod contracts, and the pressure sensor (81) detects the preset pressure value again, the distance value between the clearance sensor (90) and the outer side of the rim is recorded. The difference between the two distance values ​​is the axial movement of the bearing outer ring, and the clearance measurement action is completed. ;

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