Linear accelerating tube ignition monitoring system

Abstract

The invention discloses a linear accelerating tube ignition monitoring system, which relates to the field of linear accelerators, and comprises a modulator, a microwave source, a waveguide system, a bent waveguide, an accelerating tube, a photosensitive device and a synchronizing signal generation unit, and the modulator is used for generating high-voltage pulses and exciting the microwave source to generate microwaves. According to the invention, the light sensing device is combined with the synchronizing signal output by the modulator, so that the real-time monitoring of whether the accelerating tube is sparking in each pulse is realized, the monitoring timeliness and accuracy are greatly improved, and any sparking phenomenon in the operation process of the accelerating tube can be quickly found and processed; when it is detected that ignition occurs in the accelerating tube, the system can judge the intensity of ignition according to the intensity of the light signal received by the light sensing device, and the quantitative evaluation mode helps operation and maintenance personnel to better understand the operation state of the accelerating tube and take corresponding maintenance measures according to the operation state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of linear accelerators, in particular to a linear accelerator tube ignition monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] Electron linear accelerators are widely used in many fields such as medical care, industrial non-destructive detection, food irradiation preservation, large-scale security inspection systems, etc. The performance of linear accelerator tubes, as the core components in these applications, directly affects the efficiency and service life of the entire accelerator. During the operation of linear accelerator tubes, radio frequency breakdown (sparking) is one of the common and serious problems. Sparking will not only cause local short circuits and microwave reflections, but also cause serious damage to the acceleration structure and the accelerated electron beam, and may even cause more serious equipment failures and safety hazards.

[0003] In order to timely detect and prevent the occurrence of ignition, the existing technology mainly adopts two methods: vacuum monitoring and reflected wave monitoring. The vacuum monitoring method determines whether ignition occurs by detecting the change of vacuum degree in the accelerating tube. However, since the change of vacuum degree often has a time lag, it is not conducive to real-time reflection of the ignition situation, and it is difficult to determine the specific location of the ignition; the reflected wave monitoring method determines the ignition situation by detecting the microwave reflection waveform, but the signal of this method is easily interfered, and it is not easy to accurately determine the ignition location, and sometimes the ignition in the waveguide system may be misjudged as the ignition in the accelerating tube. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a linear acceleration tube ignition monitoring system to solve the technical problems in the prior art that it is not conducive to real-time reflection of the ignition situation, the signal is easily interfered, and it is not easy to accurately determine the ignition position, and sometimes the ignition in the waveguide system may be misjudged as the ignition in the acceleration tube.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a linear accelerating tube ignition monitoring system, comprising a modulator, a microwave source, a waveguide system, a curved waveguide, an accelerating tube, a photosensitive device and a synchronization signal generating unit: the modulator is used to generate a high-voltage pulse to excite the microwave source to generate microwaves; the microwaves enter the accelerating tube through the waveguide system and the curved waveguide; the accelerating tube comprises an accelerating cavity chain, a coupling hole and a coupling waveguide, and a waveguide window; the curved waveguide is provided with an observation window for allowing visible light generated by ignition in the accelerating tube to pass through; the photosensitive device is arranged behind the observation window of the curved waveguide for receiving the visible light signal generated by ignition; the synchronization signal generating unit is connected to the modulator, for generating a signal synchronized with the high-voltage pulse, and transmitting it to the photosensitive device, so as to realize real-time monitoring of the ignition situation of the accelerating tube in each pulse.

[0006] The present invention is further configured such that the photosensitive device is a light intensity sensor for determining whether ignition occurs in the accelerating tube by detecting the presence or absence of a light signal, and determining the severity of the ignition by the strength of the light signal.

[0007] The present invention is further configured such that the photosensitive device is a CCD camera for photographing and recording the image of the ignition in the accelerating tube, thereby determining the specific position of the ignition, and obtaining a clear image of the ignition moment by adjusting the focal length and aperture of the camera lens.

[0008] The present invention is further configured to include an image processing unit for processing images taken by the CCD camera, combining the synchronization signal and the shutter time to obtain the ignition conditions and development trends between different pulses and within a single pulse.

[0009] The present invention is further configured to include an alarm unit for sending out an alarm signal when ignition is detected in the accelerating tube so that measures can be taken in time to avoid damage.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that the waveguide window and the observation window are made of a transparent dielectric material, and the transparent dielectric material includes but is not limited to a single crystal sapphire window or a diamond window.

[0011] The present invention is further configured to include a calibration unit for regularly calibrating the photosensitive device to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that the photosensitive device and the synchronization signal generating unit are connected via a high-speed data transmission interface to ensure real-time performance and data integrity.

[0013] The present invention also provides a monitoring method of a linear accelerator tube ignition monitoring system, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1, the modulator generates high voltage pulses to excite the microwave source to generate microwaves;

[0015] S2, microwaves enter the accelerating tube through the waveguide system and the curved waveguide;

[0016] S3. When sparking occurs in the accelerating tube, the visible light generated by the sparking enters the photosensitive device through the transparent waveguide window and the observation window of the curved waveguide;

[0017] S4, the photosensitive device receives the light signal and processes it in combination with the synchronization signal to monitor the ignition status of the accelerating tube in each pulse in real time;

[0018] S5. Determine whether ignition occurs, the severity of the ignition, and the ignition location based on the processing result, and optionally send out an alarm signal.

[0019] In summary, the present invention mainly has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention realizes real-time monitoring of whether the accelerating tube ignites in each pulse by combining the photosensitive device with the synchronous signal output by the modulator. This feature greatly improves the timeliness and accuracy of monitoring, so that any ignition phenomenon of the accelerating tube during operation can be quickly discovered and processed; when ignition is detected in the accelerating tube, the system of the present invention can judge the severity of the ignition by the strength of the light signal received by the photosensitive device. This quantitative evaluation method helps the operation and maintenance personnel to better understand the operating status of the accelerating tube and take corresponding maintenance measures accordingly; by using a CCD camera as a photosensitive device, the present invention can not only monitor the ignition phenomenon in real time, but also accurately judge the occurrence of the ignition by the captured image. The specific location of the accelerator tube is of great significance for the maintenance and optimal design of the accelerator tube, and key inspections and improvements can be carried out on areas where ignitions frequently occur. Compared with traditional reflected wave monitoring and vacuum monitoring methods, the present invention performs detection based on the visible light generated during ignition, avoiding the problem of signal susceptibility to interference and time lag, thereby effectively reducing false alarms and missed alarms and improving the reliability and stability of the monitoring system. By real-time monitoring and precise positioning of ignition phenomena in the accelerator tube, the present invention helps to promptly discover and deal with potential safety hazards, avoiding damage to the accelerator tube and destruction of the accelerated beam caused by ignition, thereby extending the service life of the accelerator tube and improving the overall operating safety and stability of the electron linear accelerator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the linear acceleration tube ignition monitoring system of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Modulator; 2. Microwave source; 3. Waveguide system; 4. Bend waveguide; 5. Accelerating tube; 6. Photosensitive device; 7. Accelerating cavity chain; 8. Coupling hole and coupling waveguide; 9. Waveguide window; 10. Observation window; 11. Synchronous signal generating unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0024] The following describes an embodiment of the present invention based on its overall structure.

[0025] A linear accelerator tube ignition monitoring system, such as Figure 1 As shown: it includes a modulator 1, a microwave source 2, a waveguide system 3, a curved waveguide 4, an accelerating tube 5, a photosensitive device 6 and a synchronization signal generating unit 11:

[0026] The modulator 1 is one of the key components in the ignition monitoring system of the linear accelerator tube 5. Its main function is to generate stable high-voltage pulse signals according to preset parameters and timing requirements. These high-voltage pulse signals are the basis for exciting the microwave source 2 to generate microwave energy. The modulator 1 not only generates high-voltage pulses, but also controls the timing of these pulses. During the operation of the linear accelerator tube 5, the acceleration of the electron beam needs to match the phase of the microwave field to ensure that the electron beam can be effectively accelerated. The modulator 1 precisely controls the timing of the high-voltage pulses to synchronize the output of the microwave source 2 with the acceleration requirements of the electron beam.

[0027] The microwave source 2 is one of the core components of the linear accelerator, responsible for converting electrical energy into microwave energy. The high-voltage pulse generated by the modulator 1 is used as an excitation signal and input into the microwave source 2, so that the electronic devices inside it generate high-frequency oscillations under the action of the high-voltage pulse, and then radiate microwave energy. The output frequency and power of the microwave source 2 need to be adjusted according to the specific requirements of the linear accelerator tube 5. The modulator 1 can indirectly adjust the output frequency and power of the microwave source 2 by changing the parameters of the high-voltage pulse, such as pulse width, repetition frequency, etc., to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

[0028] The microwave signal generated by the microwave source 2 first enters the waveguide system 3. The waveguide system 3 is a metal pipe whose shape and size are carefully designed to ensure that the microwave signal can be efficiently transmitted therein while minimizing the attenuation and distortion of the signal. The main function of the waveguide system 3 is to guide the microwave signal from the microwave source 2 to the accelerating tube 5 while maintaining the integrity and stability of the signal.

[0029] In a linear accelerator system, due to the requirements of spatial layout or structural design, microwave signals often need to make a directional turn before entering the accelerating tube 5. At this time, a curved waveguide 4 is needed to realize the directional turning of the microwave signal. The design of the curved waveguide 4 needs to consider the transmission characteristics of the microwave signal to ensure that the signal can maintain low reflection and attenuation during the turning process.

[0030] The microwave signal transmitted through the waveguide system 3 and the curved waveguide 4 finally enters the accelerating tube 5 .

[0031] In the design of the linear acceleration tube 5, the acceleration tube 5 is the core component of the electron linear accelerator, which is responsible for accelerating the electron beam to reach the MeV level of energy through the periodically changing accelerating electric field established by high-power microwaves in the cavity chain. The acceleration tube 5 includes an accelerating cavity chain 7, a coupling hole and a coupling waveguide 8, and a waveguide window 9.

[0032] The accelerating cavity chain 7 is the core part of the accelerating tube 5. It consists of a series of carefully designed metal cavities, which are arranged along the propagation direction of the electron beam. Each cavity has a specific geometric shape and size inside, which is used to form an accelerating electric field in the cavity. When high-power microwaves are input into the accelerating cavity chain 7 through the waveguide system 3, these microwaves will generate a changing electric field in the cavity, which will accelerate the passing electron beam. The electron beam is accelerated by the periodically changing electric field so that it obtains sufficient energy, ensuring that the electron beam can stably propagate along the predetermined trajectory during the acceleration process.

[0033] The coupling hole is the interface between the accelerating cavity chain 7 and the microwave transmission system, which allows high-power microwaves to enter the accelerating cavity chain 7 from the microwave source 2 through the waveguide system 3. The coupling waveguide is a transmission structure connecting the coupling hole and the microwave source 2 or the waveguide system 3. It is responsible for transmitting microwaves to the accelerating cavity chain 7 with high efficiency and low loss to ensure that high-power microwaves can enter the accelerating cavity chain 7 smoothly and efficiently. During the microwave transmission process, the coupling waveguide may also need to perform mode conversion and matching to adapt to the specific requirements of the accelerating cavity chain 7.

[0034] The waveguide window 9 is a vacuum isolation component between the accelerating tube 5 and the external environment. It is located at one or both ends of the accelerating tube 5 and is used to seal the vacuum environment inside the accelerating tube 5 while allowing microwave signals to pass through. Since the accelerating tube 5 needs to maintain a high vacuum state to avoid energy loss and beam quality degradation caused by collisions between the electron beam and gas molecules, the waveguide window 9 must have good vacuum sealing performance and microwave transmission performance. Maintaining the high vacuum environment inside the accelerating tube 5 ensures stable acceleration of the electron beam and allows high-power microwaves to pass through and enter the accelerating cavity chain 7 to accelerate the electron beam.

[0035] Once ignition occurs inside the accelerating tube 5, various phenomena such as visible light, microwave reflection, and vacuum degree change will occur.

[0036] In the linear accelerating tube 5 ignition monitoring system, in order to realize real-time monitoring and positioning of the ignition phenomenon in the accelerating tube 5, the system is specially designed with a curved waveguide 4 with an observation window 10. This design is based on the characteristic that the accelerating tube 5 will emit visible light when igniting. By capturing these visible light signals, it is possible to determine whether ignition has occurred and further determine the location of the ignition.

[0037] The observation window 10 is a transparent window installed on the curved waveguide 4. Its main function is to allow the visible light generated by the ignition in the accelerating tube 5 to penetrate and enter the subsequent photosensitive device 6 for detection. This design ensures that the monitoring system can capture the ignition phenomenon in real time and accurately, providing a reliable signal source for subsequent analysis and processing.

[0038] The observation window 10 is cleverly installed on the curved waveguide 4. The selection of this position is carefully considered. As a part of the microwave transmission system, the curved waveguide 4 is designed so that the microwave signal can smoothly enter the accelerating tube 5. It also provides convenience for the installation of the observation window 10. Setting the observation window 10 on the curved waveguide 4 can ensure that when ignition occurs in the accelerating tube 5, the generated visible light can pass through the waveguide window 9 and the observation window 10 of the curved waveguide 4 and be smoothly transmitted to the photosensitive device 6.

[0039] The waveguide window 9 and the observation window 10 are made of transparent dielectric materials, which include but are not limited to single crystal sapphire windows or diamond windows. Both single crystal sapphire windows and diamond windows have extremely high light transmittance, which can allow the visible light signal generated during ignition to pass through almost without loss. This is crucial for the monitoring system to accurately capture the ignition phenomenon, ensuring the sensitivity and accuracy of the monitoring. Both single crystal sapphire and diamond are materials with extremely high hardness and excellent wear resistance. In the high-energy, high-radiation environment of the accelerating tube 5, it can maintain the stability of its physical properties for a long time, and is not easily damaged by particle bombardment or microwave energy, thereby extending the service life of the system. During the operation of the accelerating tube 5, a large amount of heat will be generated. Both single crystal sapphire and diamond have good thermal stability, can maintain stable physical and chemical properties in a high temperature environment, and will not be affected by temperature changes. Its light transmittance and other properties, although transparent materials, can still provide good vacuum sealing performance to ensure that the vacuum degree in the accelerating tube 5 is not affected. This is crucial to maintaining the normal working conditions of the accelerating tube 5 and extending its service life.

[0040] The design of the observation window 10 also needs to be closely coordinated with the photosensitive device 6 to ensure the performance of the entire monitoring system. The photosensitive device 6 is set behind the observation window 10 of the curved waveguide 4 to receive the visible light signal generated by the ignition. The main function of the photosensitive device 6 is to receive the visible light signal transmitted from the accelerating tube 5 through the waveguide window 9 and the observation window 10. These signals are direct evidence of the ignition phenomenon of the accelerating tube 5, and contain important information such as the time, location and intensity of the ignition. The photosensitive device 6 converts the received light signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the subsequent processing unit through the circuit system. This conversion process needs to ensure the accuracy and real-time nature of the signal so that the system can respond quickly and take corresponding measures.

[0041] In the ignition monitoring system of the linear accelerator tube 5, in order to ensure that the ignition situation in the accelerator tube 5 can be accurately monitored in each high-voltage pulse cycle, the system is designed with a synchronization signal generating unit 11, and it is closely connected with the modulator 1. The key role of this design is that for each high-voltage pulse generated by the modulator 1, the synchronization signal generating unit 11 can generate a signal synchronized with it in real time and transmit the signal to the photosensitive device 6.

[0042] Specifically, when the modulator 1 starts working, it will periodically generate high-voltage pulses. These pulses excite the microwave source 2 to generate microwaves. The microwaves then enter the accelerating tube 5 through the waveguide system 3 to accelerate the electron beam. In this process, the synchronization signal generating unit 11 monitors the working state of the modulator 1. Whenever a high-voltage pulse is generated, it immediately generates a corresponding synchronization signal. This synchronization signal is crucial for the photosensitive device 6 because it provides a time reference for the photosensitive device 6. After receiving the synchronization signal, the photosensitive device 6 will start to prepare to receive the light signal from the accelerating tube 5 according to the indication of the signal. Since the synchronization signal is completely synchronized with the high-voltage pulse, the photosensitive device 6 can ensure that the ignition condition in the accelerating tube 5 is monitored in each pulse cycle, thereby realizing real-time monitoring and recording of the ignition event.

[0043] In addition, through the synchronization signal, the system can also mark and distinguish the light signal received by the photosensitive device 6 in time, making the subsequent data processing and analysis more accurate and efficient. For example, by comparing the intensity of the light signal received by the photosensitive device 6 in different pulse periods, the development trend and change law of the ignition event in the accelerating tube 5 can be analyzed; at the same time, combined with the synchronization signal and the response time of the photosensitive device 6, the exact time of the ignition event can also be accurately calculated, providing strong support for troubleshooting and maintenance.

[0044] In the linear accelerator tube 5 ignition monitoring system of the present invention, the photosensitive device 6 plays a vital role, and its selection and configuration directly affect the accuracy and practicality of the monitoring system. Specifically, the photosensitive device 6 is configured to receive the visible light signal generated by the ignition in the accelerator tube 5, and realize the monitoring and analysis of the ignition situation through different technical means.

[0045] The photosensitive device 6 is a light intensity sensor: the light intensity sensor is arranged behind the observation window 10 of the curved waveguide 4. Its main function is to determine whether a spark has occurred in the accelerating tube 5 by detecting the presence or absence of a light signal. When visible light is generated inside the accelerating tube 5 due to radio frequency breakdown, i.e., sparking, these light rays will pass through the transparent waveguide window 9 and the observation window 10, and finally reach the light intensity sensor. The sensor then captures these light signals and converts them into electrical signals for processing.

[0046] In addition, the light intensity sensor can further determine the severity of the fire by detecting the strength of the light signal. The more intense the fire, the stronger the visible light generated, and the stronger the light signal received by the sensor. Through quantitative analysis of the light signal intensity, the system can evaluate the severity of the fire in real time, providing an important basis for subsequent maintenance and processing.

[0047] The case where the photosensitive device 6 is a CCD camera: Different from the light intensity sensor, the CCD camera can not only detect the presence and strength of the light signal, but also capture and record the image of the ignition in the accelerating tube 5. This function is crucial for determining the specific location of the ignition. Through the images captured by the CCD camera, technicians can intuitively observe the location, shape and development trend of the ignition.

[0048] In order to achieve more accurate monitoring, the present invention also allows the lens focal length and aperture of the CCD camera to be adjusted to obtain a clear image of the ignition moment. Different focal length and aperture settings can adapt to different monitoring requirements and environmental conditions, ensuring image quality while improving monitoring accuracy and reliability.

[0049] In addition, since the modulator 1 simultaneously outputs a synchronization signal to the photosensitive device 6, whether it is a light intensity sensor or a CCD camera, the system can ensure that each pulse is responded to separately, which means that the CCD camera can cooperate with the synchronization signal and shutter time setting to capture the ignition situation within a single pulse, thereby further improving the real-time and accuracy of monitoring.

[0050] It also includes an image processing unit, which is used to process the images taken by the CCD camera, combined with the synchronization signal and shutter time to obtain the ignition conditions and development trends between different pulses and within a single pulse. This unit is a core processing component in the system, responsible for receiving and processing the images taken by the CCD camera. The image processing unit has a powerful image processing algorithm that can automatically identify and extract the ignition features in the image, such as brightness, shape, position, etc. In addition, it can also perform pre-processing operations such as enhancement and denoising on the image to improve the quality and analyzability of the image.

[0051] In order to achieve accurate ignition monitoring, the system needs to closely synchronize the shooting of the CCD camera with the pulse working cycle of the accelerating tube 5. The synchronization signal output by the modulator 1 is used to trigger the shooting of the CCD camera to ensure that the ignition phenomenon can be captured in each pulse cycle. At the same time, by accurately controlling the shutter time, the monitoring accuracy can be further refined to capture the ignition situation within a single pulse. This synchronous shooting method not only helps to obtain detailed image information at the moment of ignition, but also can effectively avoid the occurrence of missed detection and false detection.

[0052] After being processed by the image processing unit, the system can output the ignition conditions and development trends between different pulses and within a single pulse. This information is of great significance for evaluating the performance status of the accelerating tube 5, predicting potential failures, and formulating maintenance plans. For example, by analyzing the changing trends of the ignition position and shape, the wear of the internal structure of the accelerating tube 5 or potential design defects can be inferred; by comparing the changes in the ignition intensity between different pulses, the working stability and reliability of the accelerating tube 5 can be evaluated.

[0053] It also includes an alarm unit, which is used to send out an alarm signal when a spark is detected in the accelerating tube 5, so that timely measures can be taken to avoid damage. Specifically, the design of the alarm unit is based on the real-time monitoring of the visible light signal generated by the spark in the accelerating tube 5 by the photosensitive device 6, such as a light intensity sensor or a CCD camera. When the photosensitive device 6 receives a light signal of sufficient intensity, that is, it is determined that a spark has occurred in the accelerating tube 5, the system will immediately trigger the alarm unit.

[0054] The alarm unit may use various forms of alarm signals, including but not limited to sound alarms, light signal alarms, and even electronic alarm signals sent to a remote monitoring system. These alarm signals are designed to ensure that the operator or monitoring system can quickly detect abnormal conditions in the accelerating tube 5, so as to take timely measures, such as suspending equipment operation, checking and repairing the cause of the ignition, etc., to avoid further damage.

[0055] In addition, the alarm unit can also be combined with other parts of the system, such as the data recording unit and the fault location unit, to form a complete monitoring and response mechanism. For example, while issuing an alarm signal, the system can automatically record information such as the time, location, and severity of the ignition, providing data support for subsequent fault analysis and processing. At the same time, through the fault location unit, the system can also quickly determine the specific location of the ignition, helping operators to more accurately locate the problem and improve maintenance efficiency.

[0056] It also includes a calibration unit, which is used to calibrate the photosensitive device 6 regularly to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results. The calibration unit can calibrate the photosensitive device 6 such as a light intensity sensor or a CCD camera regularly to eliminate measurement deviations caused by factors such as equipment aging and environmental changes. This regular calibration can be set at fixed time intervals, such as monthly, quarterly, or flexibly adjusted according to the frequency and conditions of equipment use. Through calibration, it can be ensured that when the photosensitive device 6 receives the visible light signal generated by the ignition, its response characteristics such as sensitivity and linearity remain within the preset range, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the measurement results. This is crucial for determining whether the ignition occurs, the severity of the ignition, and the ignition location. The existence of the calibration unit not only improves the accuracy of the measurement results, but also enhances the reliability of the entire monitoring system. By timely discovering and correcting the deviation of the photosensitive device 6, false alarms or missed alarms caused by equipment failure or error accumulation can be avoided, ensuring that the monitoring system can operate continuously and stably.

[0057] The photosensitive device 6 and the synchronization signal generating unit 11 are connected via a high-speed data transmission interface to ensure real-time performance and data integrity. In the ignition monitoring system of the linear accelerator tube 5, the photosensitive device 6, such as a light intensity sensor or a CCD camera, is responsible for capturing the visible light signal generated during ignition, and these signals need to be quickly and accurately transmitted to the processing unit for analysis. Since the operating frequency of the linear accelerator tube 5 is high and the ignition event is sudden, the data transmission is required to have the characteristics of high speed and low latency. The use of high-speed data transmission interfaces such as HDMI, Gigabit Ethernet, USB 3.0 or higher versions, Camera Link, etc. can ensure that the data captured by the photosensitive device 6 can be transmitted to the subsequent processing unit in real time and completely, avoiding inaccurate monitoring caused by data loss or delay.

[0058] The synchronization signal generating unit 11 is usually provided by the modulator 1 and other devices in the system to generate a signal synchronized with the working pulse of the accelerating tube 5. This synchronization signal is crucial for determining the exact time when the ignition event occurs, and it ensures that the data collected by the photosensitive device 6 strictly corresponds to the actual working state of the accelerating tube 5. By combining the synchronization signal with the data of the photosensitive device 6, the ignition situation in each working pulse can be accurately analyzed, including the ignition position, ignition intensity, and ignition trend.

[0059] In order to achieve real-time and efficient data transmission between the photosensitive device 6 and the synchronization signal generating unit 11, the two are closely connected through a high-speed data transmission interface. This connection method not only ensures the speed and stability of data transmission, but also reduces the errors caused by interface mismatch or transmission delay. During the connection process, a dedicated data transmission cable or adapter may be required to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the signal.

[0060] A monitoring method for a linear accelerator tube ignition monitoring system comprises the following steps:

[0061] S1, modulator 1 generates high voltage pulses, which excite microwave source 2 to generate microwaves;

[0062] S2, microwaves enter the accelerating tube 5 through the waveguide system 3 and the curved waveguide 4;

[0063] S3, when sparking occurs in the accelerating tube 5, the visible light generated by the sparking enters the photosensitive device 6 through the transparent waveguide window 9 and the observation window 10 of the curved waveguide 4;

[0064] S4, the photosensitive device 6 receives the light signal, and processes it in combination with the synchronization signal, and monitors the ignition status of the accelerating tube 5 in each pulse in real time;

[0065] S5. Determine whether ignition occurs, the severity of the ignition, and the ignition location based on the processing result, and optionally send out an alarm signal.

[0066] Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, this specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation of the invention. The specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions and variations to the embodiments without creative contributions as needed without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention. However, as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. A linear accelerating tube ignition monitoring system, comprising a modulator (1), a microwave source (2), a waveguide system (3), a curved waveguide (4), an accelerating tube (5), a photosensitive device (6) and a synchronization signal generating unit (11), characterized in that: The modulator (1) is used to generate high-voltage pulses to excite the microwave source (2) to generate microwaves; The microwaves enter the accelerating tube (5) through the waveguide system (3) and the curved waveguide (4); The accelerating tube (5) comprises an accelerating cavity chain (7), a coupling hole and a coupling waveguide (8), and a waveguide window (9); The curved waveguide (4) is provided with an observation window (10) for allowing visible light generated by ignition in the accelerating tube (5) to pass through; The photosensitive device (6) is arranged behind the observation window (10) of the curved waveguide (4) and is used to receive the visible light signal generated by the ignition; The synchronization signal generating unit (11) is connected to the modulator (1) and is used to generate a signal synchronized with the high-voltage pulse and transmit it to the photosensitive device (6) to achieve real-time monitoring of the ignition status of the accelerating tube (5) in each pulse.

2. A linear accelerator tube ignition monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photosensitive device (6) is a light intensity sensor, which is used to determine whether ignition occurs in the accelerating tube (5) by detecting the presence or absence of a light signal, and to determine the severity of the ignition by the strength of the light signal.

3. A linear accelerator tube ignition monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photosensitive device (6) is a CCD camera, which is used to capture and record the image of the ignition in the accelerating tube (5), thereby determining the specific location of the ignition, and obtaining a clear image of the ignition moment by adjusting the focal length and aperture of the camera lens.

4. A linear accelerator tube ignition monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes an image processing unit for processing the image taken by the CCD camera, combining the synchronization signal and the shutter time to obtain the ignition conditions and development trends between different pulses and within a single pulse.

5. The linear accelerator tube ignition monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises an alarm unit, which is used to send out an alarm signal when ignition is detected in the accelerating tube (5), so as to take timely measures to avoid damage.

6. The linear accelerator tube ignition monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waveguide window (9) and the observation window (10) are made of a transparent dielectric material, which includes but is not limited to a single crystal sapphire window or a diamond window.

7. The linear accelerator tube ignition monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a calibration unit, which is used to regularly calibrate the photosensitive device (6) to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results.

8. The linear accelerator tube ignition monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photosensitive device (6) and the synchronization signal generating unit (11) are connected via a high-speed data transmission interface to ensure real-time performance and data integrity.

9. A monitoring method using the linear accelerator tube (5) ignition monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps: S1, the modulator (1) generates a high voltage pulse to excite the microwave source (2) to generate microwaves; S2, microwaves enter the accelerating tube (5) through the waveguide system (3) and the curved waveguide (4); S3, when ignition occurs in the accelerating tube (5), visible light generated by the ignition enters the photosensitive device (6) through the transparent waveguide window (9) and the observation window (10) of the curved waveguide (4); S4, the photosensitive device (6) receives the light signal and processes it in combination with the synchronization signal to monitor the ignition status of the accelerating tube (5) in each pulse in real time; S5. Determine whether ignition occurs, the severity of the ignition, and the ignition location based on the processing result, and optionally send out an alarm signal.

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