Automatic test system and test method for line protection device based on RTDS

Abstract

The invention discloses an RTDS-based line protection device automatic test system and test method. The system comprises an RTDS reference simulation model, a digital quantity and analog quantity input and output module, a state monitoring module, an automatic test module, a power amplifier, a tested line protection device and a grid-connected converter controller. The RTDS reference simulation model is connected with a tested line protection device through a digital quantity and analog quantity input and output module and a power amplifier, the tested line protection device is connected with the digital quantity and analog quantity input and output module, and the RTDS reference simulation model is further connected with a grid-connected converter controller through the digital quantity and analog quantity input and output module. And the state monitoring module and the automatic testing module are respectively connected with the RTDS reference simulation model so as to carry out automatic testing and real-time monitoring. According to the invention, line protection device testing can be rapidly and efficiently carried out under the scenes of different access proportions, different control strategies and the like of various types of new energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power systems, and in particular to an automatic testing system and a testing method for a line protection device based on RTDS. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of new power systems, the scale of various types of new energy stations connected to the power grid is increasing, and their proportion is increasing. However, the fault characteristics of new energy units are quite different from those of conventional energy units, and it is uncertain whether traditional protection devices can still meet the requirements of selectivity, speed, sensitivity and reliability.

[0003] The testing of traditional line protection devices mainly relies on establishing a single simulation model for the test device in the simulation laboratory or conducting the test under the traditional power grid operation mode. On the one hand, the test under a single test simulation model can only verify the functionality of the protection device, and the conclusions drawn from the test have great limitations. The test simulation model is often a simplified model, which cannot include the complex working conditions of multiple operating modes, multiple scenarios, and multiple time scales of the actual system; on the other hand, under the traditional power grid operation mode, although it has the dynamic performance and complex multi-scale characteristics unique to large systems, the response characteristics of multiple types of new energy are not considered in the system. The simulation test results cannot explain the adaptability of the line protection device in the multi-type new energy access system.

[0004] RTDS (Real-Time Digital Simulator) is a real-time digital simulator, mainly used for power system simulation. It can simulate the dynamic behavior of the power system and provide accurate simulation results in real time. It is often used to research, develop and test the protection and control devices of the power system. Automatic testing of line protection devices through RTDS can greatly improve the accuracy and efficiency of the test, reduce manual intervention, discover potential problems and make improvements, and is an important means to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system.

[0005] The existing RTDS-based line protection device automatic test system has a relatively simple model, too single function and limited applicability, which makes it difficult to achieve true automated testing and cannot fully improve the efficiency of real-time simulation. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is as follows: In view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, an RTDS-based automatic testing system and testing method for a line protection device are provided, which can quickly and efficiently carry out line protection device testing under scenarios such as different access ratios and different control strategies for various types of renewable energy, reduce manual workload, and improve simulation modeling and testing efficiency.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] An automatic test system for line protection devices based on RTDS, comprising an RTDS benchmark simulation model, a digital quantity analog quantity input and output module, a state monitoring module, an automatic test module, a power amplifier, a line protection device under test and a grid-connected converter controller;

[0009] The RTDS benchmark simulation model is connected to the line protection device under test through the digital analog input and output module and the power amplifier in sequence, and the line protection device under test is connected to the digital analog input and output module, so that the RTDS benchmark simulation model transmits the simulated secondary side analog signal to the power amplifier to convert it into a secondary side voltage signal and a current signal connected to the line protection device, and then transmits it to the line protection device under test, and the line protection device under test then transmits the trip signal and the reclosing signal to the RTDS benchmark simulation model through the digital analog input and output module, so as to realize the control of the circuit breaker state at the installation location of the line protection device of the RTDS benchmark simulation model;

[0010] The RTDS benchmark simulation model is also connected to the grid-connected converter controller through a digital analog input and output module, so that the voltage and current signals at both ends of the grid-connected converter obtained by simulation are transmitted to the grid-connected converter controller, and the grid-connected converter controller generates a grid-connected converter control signal according to the read voltage and current signals at both ends of the grid-connected converter, and transmits the control signal to the RTDS benchmark simulation model through the digital analog input and output module, so as to ensure that the output characteristics of the grid-connected converter of the RTDS benchmark simulation model are the same as the output characteristics of the grid-connected converter in actual production;

[0011] The state monitoring module is connected to the RTDS benchmark simulation model to view the analog and monitoring waveform states of different types of faults in real time;

[0012] The automatic test module is connected to the RTDS benchmark simulation model to generate a test plan and input it into the RTDS benchmark simulation model, thereby carrying out a hardware-in-the-loop test of the line protection device and automatically saving the test results.

[0013] Further, the RTDS benchmark simulation model includes a primary circuit module, a control module and a fault module, and the primary circuit module is connected to the control module, the fault module and the digital analog input and output module respectively, wherein:

[0014] The primary circuit module includes a system power supply, a transmission line, a transformer, a circuit breaker, a load and different new energy electric field grid-connected modules. The system power supply, transmission line, transformer, circuit breaker, load and new energy electric field grid-connected modules are connected according to the actual power system structure to form a primary system topology, and the actual power system parameters are configured to simulate the new energy grid-connected system in the actual power grid;

[0015] The control module is used to control the steady-state output characteristics and fault output characteristics of the grid-connected converter of the new energy electric field grid-connected module;

[0016] The fault module is used to set fault parameters.

[0017] Furthermore, the new energy electric field grid-connected module includes a permanent magnet direct-driven wind farm module, and the permanent magnet direct-driven wind farm module includes a scaling transformer, a grid-connected converter, a rectifier, a permanent magnet synchronous motor, a wind turbine, a resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, a crowbar protection, and a node. The scaling transformer, the grid-connected converter, the rectifier, the permanent magnet synchronous motor, the wind turbine, the resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, the crowbar protection, and the nodes are connected according to the actual permanent magnet direct-driven wind farm structure, and the parameters of the corresponding electrical components in the actual permanent magnet direct-driven wind farm are configured to simulate the actual permanent magnet direct-driven wind farm.

[0018] Furthermore, the new energy electric field grid-connected module includes a doubly-fed asynchronous wind farm module, and the doubly-fed asynchronous wind farm module includes a scaling transformer, a grid-connected converter, a rectifier, an induction motor, a wind turbine, a resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, a crowbar protection, and a node. The scaling transformer, the grid-connected converter, the rectifier, the induction motor, the wind turbine, the resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, the crowbar protection, and the nodes are connected according to the actual doubly-fed asynchronous wind farm structure, and the parameters of the corresponding electrical components in the actual doubly-fed asynchronous wind farm are configured to simulate the actual doubly-fed asynchronous wind farm.

[0019] Furthermore, the new energy electric field grid-connected module includes a photovoltaic electric field module, and the photovoltaic electric field module includes a scaling transformer, a grid-connected converter, a boost circuit module, a photovoltaic panel, a resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, a crowbar protection, and a node. The scaling transformer, the grid-connected converter, the boost circuit module, the photovoltaic panel, the resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, the crowbar protection, and the nodes are connected according to the actual photovoltaic electric field structure, and the parameters of the corresponding electrical components in the actual photovoltaic electric field are configured to simulate the actual photovoltaic electric field.

[0020] Furthermore, the new energy electric field grid-connected module includes an energy storage electric field module, and the energy storage electric field module includes a scaling transformer, a grid-connected converter, a boost circuit module, an energy storage battery, a resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, a crowbar protection, and a node. The scaling transformer, the grid-connected converter, the boost circuit module, the energy storage battery, the resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, the crowbar protection, and the nodes are connected according to the actual energy storage electric field structure, and the parameters of the corresponding electrical components in the actual energy storage electric field are configured to simulate the actual energy storage electric field.

[0021] The present invention also proposes a test method for the line protection device automatic test system based on RTDS, comprising the following steps:

[0022] Adjusting the parameters of electrical components in the RTDS benchmark simulation model so that the voltage level at the installation location of the line protection device of the RTDS benchmark simulation model is the same as the line voltage level applicable to the line protection device under test;

[0023] According to the grid structure and parameters to be tested, a corresponding new energy electric field grid-connected module is selected in the primary circuit module of the RTDS benchmark simulation model, and the primary side current scaling parameter value of the scaling transformer is adjusted in the selected new energy electric field grid-connected module to change the new energy access ratio, and the topological structure of the primary circuit module is adjusted to change the new energy access position;

[0024] The analog and digital signals required for the output and input of the RTDS benchmark simulation model are set through the digital analog input and output module to ensure signal transmission between the RTDS benchmark simulation model and the measured line protection device, power amplifier and grid-connected converter controller;

[0025] Connect the power amplifier, the line protection device under test and the grid-connected converter controller to the corresponding ports of the digital and analog input and output modules respectively;

[0026] Set fault parameters through the fault module and send the fault parameters to the automatic test module to generate a test plan;

[0027] The test scheme is sent to the RTDS benchmark simulation model for automatic testing through the automatic test module, and the test results of the tested line protection device under all fault test scenarios are saved through the automatic test module. At the same time, the test process is monitored in real time through the status monitoring module until all fault test scenarios are completed.

[0028] Furthermore, the fault parameters include: the number of fault points in the forward zone, the number of fault points outside the forward zone, the number of fault points outside the reverse zone, the fault type, the minimum and maximum values ​​of the fault duration and the step length, the minimum and maximum values ​​of the transition resistance and the step length, the minimum and maximum values ​​of the fault trigger angle and the step length, the minimum and maximum values ​​of the new energy access ratio and the step length, and the waiting time.

[0029] Furthermore, when generating a corresponding test plan, it specifically includes:

[0030] Number each fault point in the order of fault point in the forward zone, fault point outside the forward zone, and fault point outside the reverse zone, and obtain all the fault points that need to be traversed during the test;

[0031] Each fault type is numbered in the order of single-phase grounding fault, two-phase grounding fault, two-phase interphase short circuit fault, and three-phase short circuit fault, to obtain all the fault types to be tested that need to be traversed during the test;

[0032] According to the minimum and maximum values ​​of the fault duration and the step length, all fault durations to be traversed during the test are set. The starting value of all fault durations to be traversed is the minimum value of the fault duration, the step length is the step length of the fault duration, and the end value is the maximum value of the fault duration;

[0033] All transition resistances to be traversed during the test are set according to the minimum and maximum values ​​of the transition resistance and the step length. The starting value of all transition resistances to be traversed is the minimum value of the transition resistance, the step length is the step length of the transition resistance, and the ending value is the maximum value of the transition resistance.

[0034] According to the minimum and maximum values ​​of the fault trigger angle and the step length, all the fault trigger angles to be traversed during the test are set. The starting value of all the fault trigger angles to be traversed is the minimum value of the fault trigger angle, the step length is the step length of the fault trigger angle, and the end value is the maximum value of the fault trigger angle;

[0035] According to the minimum and maximum values ​​of the new energy access ratio and the step length, all the new energy access ratios that need to be traversed during the test are set. The starting value of all the new energy access ratios that need to be traversed is the minimum value of the new energy access ratio, the step length is the step length of the new energy access ratio, and the end value is the maximum value of the new energy access ratio;

[0036] Set the waiting time to the time interval between two adjacent fault-triggered operations.

[0037] Furthermore, when the test results of the line protection device under test in all fault test scenarios are saved through the automatic test module, it includes: if the tripping signal of the line protection device under test is obtained, the monitoring quantity waveform of the tripping signal of the line protection device under test is saved, and the waveform file after the fault is triggered is obtained. At the same time, the information of the corresponding fault test scenario is recorded and the number of fault refusal to operate in the forward zone, the number of fault false operation outside the forward zone and the number of fault false operation outside the reverse zone in the corresponding fault test scenario are counted, and the fault test scenario and statistical results are saved.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0039] The present invention includes hardware such as a grid-connected converter controller and a line protection device used in actual field, realizes in-loop testing of RTDS and hardware, thereby verifying the performance and response of the hardware equipment. The present invention also designs an RTDS benchmark simulation model that can quickly change the new energy access type, new energy access ratio, and new energy access position, which can meet the fault characteristic requirements of various types of new energy in the latest national standard, and automatically carry out tests and save corresponding fault waveforms, so as to quickly and efficiently test the adaptability of the line protection device to various types of new energy in different access ratios and different control strategy scenarios, reduce manual work intensity, and improve simulation modeling and testing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 4 is a system structure block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 It is a topological diagram of the relationship between the modules of the RTDS benchmark simulation model according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a primary circuit module performing main network simulation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a primary circuit module performing a distribution network simulation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 5 It is a flowchart of a testing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Legend: 1-RTDS benchmark simulation model, 2-digital analog input and output module, 3-status monitoring module, 4-automatic test module, 5-power amplifier, 6-tested line protection device, 7-grid-connected converter controller, 11-primary circuit module, 12-control module, 13-fault module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

[0047] Before introducing the specific embodiments of the present invention, related concepts or terms are first explained.

[0048] GTAO Board:

[0049] The GTAO (Analog Output Card) board is used to generate analog output signals. It converts the simulation signal inside the RTDS into an analog signal and outputs it to external devices, such as protection relays, measuring instruments, etc. GTAO boards are often used to simulate voltage and current signals of power systems and provide these signals to test and control equipment that requires real input signals. GTAO boards usually have multiple channels, each of which can output independent analog signals. The range and accuracy of the output signal can usually be configured to meet different test requirements.

[0050] GTDI board:

[0051] GTDI (Digital Input Card) board is used to receive digital input signals. It receives switch signals from external devices for RTDS to simulate and control logic judgment. GTDI board is often used to receive switch or circuit breaker status, relay trigger signal, etc. These signals are used to trigger events in simulation or perform logic control. GTDI board usually has multiple channels, each channel can receive digital signal input independently. The input signal is usually TTL level or other standard digital signal.

[0052] Embodiment 1

[0053] The existing automatic test system for protection devices based on RTDS does not realize the function of fast switching and testing the access type, access ratio and access position of new energy sources, does not have the conditions for physical devices such as line protection devices and grid-connected converter controllers to cooperate with line protection testing, and cannot realize the complex regulation and setting functions of a series of parameters such as steady-state output characteristics, fault output characteristics, fault triggering, fault location, fault type, fault duration, transition resistance and fault triggering angle of the grid-connected converter, and cannot collect data such as the action status and action time of the protection device. In order to solve this problem, this embodiment proposes an automatic test system for line protection devices based on RTDS, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes an RTDS benchmark simulation model 1, a digital analog input and output module 2, a state monitoring module 3, an automatic test module 4, a power amplifier 5, a tested line protection device 6 and a grid-connected converter controller 7, wherein:

[0054] The RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 is a simulation model based on the RSCAD software Draft interface that includes multiple types of renewable energy access to the grid. It is used to build models for testing. The RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 implemented in this paper encapsulates different renewable energy grid-connected modules. According to the voltage level corresponding to the tested line protection device and the actual topological structure of renewable energy access to the grid, the test model can be quickly obtained by simply modifying the parameters of the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1.

[0055] The digital analog input and output module 2 includes two different types of I / O interface cards, GTAO and GTDI, which are used to realize signal interaction with external devices, such as Figure 1 As shown, the digital analog input and output module 2 transmits the voltage and current analog signals in the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 to the power amplifier 5 and the grid-connected converter controller 7 through the GTAO board, connects the digital control signal of the grid-connected converter controller 7 to the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 through the GTDI board, and connects the trip signal of the measured line protection device 6 to the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 through the GTDI board;

[0056] The state monitoring module 3 is a voltage, current, node power and circuit breaker state monitoring module and a circuit breaker position control module built based on the RSCAD software Runtime interface, which is used to view different types of fault manual simulations of the simulation model and monitor the waveform state of the quantity in real time;

[0057] The automatic test module 4 is a module preset based on the RSCAD software Scripting interface, which is used to generate a test plan and input the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1, so as to carry out the hardware-in-the-loop test of the line protection device and automatically save the test results. Specifically, according to the test plan, the hardware-in-the-loop test of the line protection device is carried out for different types of new energy, different new energy access ratios, different new energy access locations, different new energy grid-connected control strategies and different fault scenarios, and the adaptability of the line protection device in each scenario is automatically tested, and the test results are automatically saved;

[0058] The power amplifier 5 is used to convert the PT and CT secondary side analog signals output by the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 into secondary side voltage signals and current signals connected to the tested line protection device 6;

[0059] The grid-connected converter controller 7 is a controller used by grid-connected converters of wind power generation systems and photovoltaic power generation systems in actual production, and can accurately simulate the real response characteristics of currently used grid-connected converters.

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1, the digital analog input and output module 2, the power amplifier 5, the tested line protection device 6 and the grid-connected converter controller 7 constitute a hardware-in-the-loop test platform, wherein:

[0061] The RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 is connected to the line protection device 6 under test through the digital analog input and output module 2 and the power amplifier 5 in sequence, and the line protection device 6 under test is connected to the digital analog input and output module 2, so that the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 transmits the simulated PT and CT secondary side analog signals to the power amplifier 5 through the GTAO board of the digital analog input and output module 2 to convert them into secondary side voltage signals and current signals connected to the line protection device, and then transmits them to the line protection device 6 under test. The line protection device 6 under test then transmits the tripping signal and the reclosing signal to the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 through the GTDI board of the digital analog input and output module 2, names the tripping signal "BrkFlag", and fills in the "Asig" parameter of the circuit breaker at the installation location of the line protection device, so as to realize the control of the circuit breaker state at the installation location of the line protection device of the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1.

[0062] In addition, the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 is also connected to the grid-connected converter controller 7 through the digital analog input and output module 2, so that the simulated voltage and current signals at both ends of the grid-connected converter are transmitted to the grid-connected converter controller 7 through the GTAO board card of the digital analog input and output module 2, and the grid-connected converter controller 7 generates a grid-connected converter control signal based on the read voltage and current signals at both ends of the grid-connected converter, and transmits it to the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 through the GTDI board card of the digital analog input and output module 2, so as to ensure that the output characteristics of the grid-connected converter of the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 are the same as the output characteristics of the grid-connected converter in actual production.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the status monitoring module 3 is connected to the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 to view the analog quantity and monitoring quantity waveform status of different types of faults of the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 in real time; the automatic test module 4 is connected to the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 to generate a test plan and input it into the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1, so as to carry out hardware-in-the-loop testing of the line protection device and automatically save the test results.

[0064] The RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 in this embodiment includes a primary circuit module 11, a control module 12 and a fault module 13. Figure 2 As shown, the primary circuit module 11 is connected to the control module 12, the fault module 13 and the digital analog input and output module 2 respectively, wherein:

[0065] The primary circuit module 11 is a primary side model of the power grid built for the simulation experiment of the new energy grid access scenario, including system power supply, transmission lines, transformers, circuit breakers, loads and different new energy electric field grid-connected modules. The new energy electric field grid-connected modules are self-sealing modules, including: permanent magnet direct-drive wind farm module, doubly fed asynchronous wind farm module, photovoltaic electric field module, energy storage electric field module. Each module is provided with a sub-step simulation environment by the "Hierarchy Box" module in the Draft interface of RSCAD, and the simulation sub-step parameters can be modified according to the simulation accuracy requirements.

[0066] In this embodiment, the system power supply, transmission line, transformer, circuit breaker, load and new energy electric field grid-connected module are connected according to the actual power system structure to form a primary system topology, and the actual power system parameters are configured to simulate the new energy grid-connected system in the actual power grid. For different new energy electric field grid-connected modules, there are:

[0067] The permanent magnet direct-driven wind farm module includes a scaling transformer, a grid-connected converter, a rectifier, a permanent magnet synchronous motor, a wind turbine, a resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, a crowbar protection, a node, a grid-side converter control link, and a machine-side converter control link, wherein the node is a single-phase electrical component defined by RSCAD software, and is an interconnection point between power system components and circuit components. The control link includes all links from sampling voltage and current to outputting converter control signals, and the grid-connected converter output can be controlled according to the key parameters modified by the control module 12. The scaling transformer, grid-connected converter, rectifier, permanent magnet synchronous motor, wind turbine, resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, crowbar protection, and nodes are connected according to the actual permanent magnet direct-driven wind farm structure, and the parameters of the corresponding electrical components in the actual permanent magnet direct-driven wind farm are configured. At the same time, the grid-side converter control link and the machine-side converter control link are configured to simulate the actual permanent magnet direct-driven wind farm.

[0068] The doubly-fed asynchronous wind farm module includes a scaling transformer, a grid-connected converter, a rectifier, an induction motor, a wind turbine, a resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, a crowbar protection, a node, a grid-side converter control link, and a machine-side converter control link. The scaling transformer, the grid-connected converter, the rectifier, the induction motor, the wind turbine, the resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, the crowbar protection, and the nodes are connected according to the actual doubly-fed asynchronous wind farm structure, and the parameters of the corresponding electrical components in the actual doubly-fed asynchronous wind farm are configured. At the same time, the grid-side converter control link and the machine-side converter control link are configured to simulate the actual doubly-fed asynchronous wind farm.

[0069] The photovoltaic electric field module includes a scaling transformer, a grid-connected converter, a boost circuit module, a photovoltaic panel, a resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, a crowbar protection, a node, a grid-side converter control link and a boost circuit control link. The scaling transformer, the grid-connected converter, the boost circuit module, the photovoltaic panel, the resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, the crowbar protection and the node are connected according to the actual photovoltaic electric field structure, and the parameters of the corresponding electrical components in the actual photovoltaic electric field are configured. At the same time, the grid-side converter control link and the boost circuit control link are configured to simulate the actual photovoltaic electric field.

[0070] The energy storage electric field module includes a scaling transformer, a grid-connected converter, a boost circuit module, an energy storage battery, a resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, a crowbar protection, a node, a grid-side converter control link and a boost circuit control link. The scaling transformer, the grid-connected converter, the boost circuit module, the energy storage battery, the resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, the crowbar protection and the node are connected according to the actual energy storage electric field structure, and the parameters of the corresponding electrical components in the actual energy storage electric field are configured. At the same time, the grid-side converter control link and the boost circuit control link are configured to simulate the actual energy storage electric field.

[0071] For example, the primary system topology is connected by connecting wires in the RSCAD component library, and the RSCAD simulation component parameters are reasonably set according to the actual power system parameters to simulate the 110 kV main grid and 10 kV distribution network of the actual power grid. The corresponding primary circuits are as follows Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown. Figure 3 Among them, 502, 512, 506, 516, and 604 are circuit breakers; Rulin is a 110 kV system power supply; Changping is a 35 kV system power supply; Nanshan Wind Farm contains double-fed asynchronous wind turbines and grid-connected converters; Niu Niu Shan Wind Farm contains permanent magnet direct-drive wind turbines and grid-connected converters; Nanmiao Line and Ru Niu Miao Line are transmission lines. Figure 4 Among them, 101, 102, 103, 104, 111, 112, 113, 114, 121, 122, 123, 131, 132, 133, and 301 are circuit breakers, and other electrical components are described in the text in the figure.

[0072] The control module 12 of this embodiment is used to control the steady-state output characteristics and fault output characteristics of the grid-connected converter in the new energy electric field grid-connected module, so that the control characteristics of the grid-connected converter of the wind power generation system comply with the requirements of "GB / T 19963-2021", the control characteristics of the grid-connected converter of the photovoltaic power generation system comply with the requirements of "GB / T 19964-2024", and the control characteristics of the grid-connected converter of the energy storage system comply with "GB / T 36547-2024". Among them, the output characteristics refer to the dynamic and static characteristics of the output voltage, current and power of the converter during grid-connected operation. The DC bus voltage control reference value can be set by "VdcPURef" in the control module, the grid side voltage control reference value can be set by "VacPURef", the maximum output current amplitude of the converter can be set by "ImagMax", the maximum reactive output limit can be set by "QacMax", the high and low voltage ride-through voltage threshold value can be set by "VacPUsetLV&HV", the high and low voltage ride-through characteristics can be set by "EnLV&HVRT", the positive sequence gain of the high and low voltage ride-through can be set by "KLV&HVp", and the negative sequence gain of the high and low voltage ride-through can be set by "KLV&HVn", so as to realize accurate simulation of different output characteristics of the converter.

[0073] The fault module 13 of this embodiment is used to set fault parameters. The fault module 13 is a pre-packaged batch fault test module. The parameters that need to be set when used include: the number of fault points in the forward zone, the number of fault points outside the forward zone, the number of fault points outside the reverse zone, the fault type (single-phase grounding fault, two-phase grounding fault, two-phase phase-to-phase short-circuit fault, three-phase short-circuit fault), minimum and maximum values ​​of fault duration and step length, minimum and maximum values ​​of transition resistance and step length, minimum and maximum values ​​of fault trigger angle and step length, minimum and maximum values ​​of new energy access ratio and step length, and waiting time.

[0074] Correspondingly, when the automatic test module 4 generates a test plan, it can automatically set the new energy access ratio, fault location, fault type, fault duration, transition resistance and fault trigger angle according to the parameters set in the fault module, save the waveform after the fault is triggered, save the waveform file in comtrade format, and automatically save the test scenario and device action results.

[0075] It should be noted that if only a small amount of testing is required, the fault location can be set directly at the access location of the primary circuit of the simulation model by dragging the fault point setting module in the Draft interface of RSCAD, and the fault can be triggered by the "PCCFlt" button in the fault module 13, the fault type can be set by the "FltType" switch, the fault duration can be set by the "FltTime" slider, the transition resistance can be set by the "RFlt" slider, and the fault trigger angle can be set by the "DelayAng" slider.

[0076] Embodiment 2

[0077] This embodiment proposes a test method for the automatic test system for line protection devices based on RTDS as described in the first embodiment. Figure 5 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0078] S1) selecting a line protection device to be tested as the line protection device to be tested 6;

[0079] S2) Based on the Draft of RTDS, the electrical component parameters in the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 are adjusted so that the voltage level at the installation location of the line protection device of the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 is the same as the line voltage level applicable to the line protection device 6 under test; at the same time, according to the grid structure and parameters to be tested, the corresponding new energy electric field grid-connected module is selected in the primary circuit module 11 of the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1, and the primary side current scaling parameter value of the scaling transformer is adjusted in the selected new energy electric field grid-connected module to change the new energy access ratio, and the topological structure of the primary circuit module 11 is adjusted to change the new energy access position;

[0080] S3) setting the analog and digital signals of the output and input of the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 through the digital analog input and output module 2 to ensure the signal transmission between the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 and the measured line protection device 6, the power amplifier 5 and the grid-connected converter controller 7;

[0081] S4) connecting the power amplifier 5, the line protection device 6 and the grid-connected converter controller 7 to the corresponding ports of the digital analog input and output module 2 respectively, thereby completing the construction of the hardware-in-the-loop platform;

[0082] S5) Setting fault parameters through the fault module 13, and sending the fault parameters to the automatic test module 4 to generate a test plan;

[0083] S6) The test scheme is sent to the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 for automatic testing through the automatic testing module 4, and the test results of the tested line protection device 6 under all fault test scenarios are saved through the automatic testing module 4. At the same time, the test process is monitored in real time through the status monitoring module 3 until all fault test scenarios are completed.

[0084] In step S3 of this embodiment, when setting the analog and digital signals required to be output and input by the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 through the digital analog input and output module 2, it is necessary to configure the GTAO and GTDI boards to ensure that they can correctly output and input the required analog and digital signals, wherein:

[0085] GTAO board settings include:

[0086] Signal type and range: Determine whether the output signal is voltage or current, and set the range accordingly. For example, a voltage output might be in the ±10V range, while a current output might be in the 4-20mA range.

[0087] Channel configuration: According to the test needs, select the channels to be used and assign specific signals to each channel. For example, channel 1 can be used to output a voltage signal to represent the line voltage, and channel 2 can be used to output a current signal to represent the line current.

[0088] Calibration and calibration: Calibration is performed before output to ensure the accuracy of the output signal. Calibration can include zero adjustment and full scale adjustment.

[0089] Filter and gain setting: According to the dynamic characteristics of the signal, set appropriate filter and gain parameters to ensure signal stability and accuracy.

[0090] GTDI board settings include:

[0091] Signal level: Check whether the input signal level matches the board. Common level standards include TTL, CMOS, etc. If the level does not match, a level converter may be required.

[0092] Channel configuration: Determine which channels will be used to receive digital signals and configure the logical states of the channels. For example, channel 1 can be used to receive circuit breaker status and channel 2 to receive relay trigger signals.

[0093] De-jitter setting: In order to prevent the jitter of the input signal from affecting the simulation results, you can set the de-jitter time to ensure the stability of the input signal.

[0094] Logic definition: Define the logic meaning of each input signal, for example, a high level represents that the circuit breaker is closed and a low level represents that the circuit breaker is open.

[0095] In step S5 of this embodiment, the fault parameters include: the number of fault points in the forward zone, the number of fault points outside the forward zone, the number of fault points outside the reverse zone, the fault type, the minimum and maximum values ​​of the fault duration and the step length, the minimum and maximum values ​​of the transition resistance and the step length, the minimum and maximum values ​​of the fault trigger angle and the step length, the minimum and maximum values ​​of the new energy access ratio and the step length, and the waiting time.

[0096] Correspondingly, when generating the corresponding test scheme in step S5 of this embodiment, the automatic test module 4 reads the fault parameters of the fault module 13 and generates the test scheme through six loop operations, specifically including:

[0097] The first layer loop realizes the traversal of all fault points. Each fault point is numbered in the order of fault points in the forward zone, fault points outside the forward zone, and fault points outside the reverse zone. All fault points that need to be traversed during the test are obtained. The starting value is 1, the step length is 1, and the total number of fault points is the end value;

[0098] The second loop implements the traversal of all fault types to be tested. Each fault type is numbered in the order of single-phase grounding fault, two-phase grounding fault, two-phase interphase short circuit fault, and three-phase short circuit fault. All fault types to be tested that need to be traversed during the test are obtained. The starting value is 1, the step length is 1, and the total number of fault types is the end value.

[0099] The third-level loop implements the traversal of the fault duration. All fault durations that need to be traversed during the test are set according to the minimum and maximum values ​​of the fault duration and the step length. The starting value of all fault durations that need to be traversed is the minimum value of the fault duration, the step length is the step length of the fault duration, and the end value is the maximum value of the fault duration.

[0100] The fourth layer loop realizes the traversal of the transition resistance value. All transition resistances to be traversed during the test are set according to the minimum and maximum values ​​of the transition resistance and the step length. The starting value of all transition resistances to be traversed is the minimum value of the transition resistance, the step length is the step length of the transition resistance, and the end value is the maximum value of the transition resistance.

[0101] The fifth layer loop realizes the traversal of the fault trigger angle. All the fault trigger angles to be traversed during the test are set according to the minimum and maximum values ​​of the fault trigger angle and the step length. The starting value of all the fault trigger angles to be traversed is the minimum value of the fault trigger angle, the step length is the step length of the fault trigger angle, and the end value is the maximum value of the fault trigger angle.

[0102] The sixth layer loop realizes the traversal of the new energy access ratio. According to the minimum and maximum values ​​of the new energy access ratio and the step length, all the new energy access ratios that need to be traversed during the test are set. The starting value of all the new energy access ratios that need to be traversed is the minimum value of the new energy access ratio, the step length is the step length of the new energy access ratio, and the end value is the maximum value of the new energy access ratio.

[0103] The waiting time is set to the time interval between two adjacent fault triggering operations;

[0104] Each fault point, fault type, fault duration, transition resistance, fault trigger angle and new energy access ratio are combined into one test content, and the collection of all test contents forms a test plan.

[0105] In step S6 of the present embodiment, after the automatic test module 4 sends the test plan to the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1, the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 can start automatic testing according to the test plan, and the test personnel can monitor the test process in real time through the status monitoring module 3 until all fault scenarios are completed, and automatically save the test recording of the tested line protection device 6 in comtrade format; at the same time, according to the tripping signal of the protection device connected to the RTDS benchmark simulation model 1 through the GTDI board, the information of each test scenario can be recorded, the number of fault refusal to operate in the forward zone, the number of fault malfunction outside the forward zone, and the number of fault malfunction outside the reverse zone during the test can be counted, and the test scenario and device action results can be automatically saved.

[0106] Therefore, in step S6 of this embodiment, when the test results of the tested line protection device 6 under all fault test scenarios are saved by the automatic test module 4, it specifically includes: if the tripping signal of the tested line protection device 6 is obtained, the monitoring quantity waveform of the tripping signal of the tested line protection device 6 is saved, and the waveform file after the fault is triggered is obtained. At the same time, the information of the corresponding fault test scenario is recorded and the number of fault refusal to operate in the forward zone, the number of fault malfunctions outside the forward zone and the number of fault malfunctions outside the reverse zone in the corresponding fault test scenario are counted, and the fault test scenario and the statistical results are saved.

[0107] In summary, the present invention proposes an automatic test system and test method for a line protection device based on RTDS, which has the following advantages:

[0108] 1. The RTDS benchmark simulation model includes permanent magnet direct-drive wind turbines, doubly-fed asynchronous wind turbines, photovoltaic and energy storage grid-connected models (packaged modules), which can realize rapid switching of new energy access types;

[0109] 2. By adjusting the scaling parameter value of the primary side current of the scaling transformer to change the access ratio of new energy, the access ratio can be adjusted in real time;

[0110] 3. Drag the new energy grid-connected module to quickly change the access position;

[0111] 4. Connect to the physical grid-connected converter controller through the digital analog input and output module;

[0112] 5. Set the steady-state output characteristics and fault output characteristics of the grid-connected converter through the control module;

[0113] 6. Input fault parameters in the custom fault module to achieve batch setting of fault location, fault type, fault duration, transition resistance, fault trigger angle and other parameters;

[0114] 7. Access the tripping signal of the protection device of the RTDS benchmark simulation model containing new energy through the GTDI board, and collect data such as the action status and action time of the protection device.

[0115] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A line protection device automatic test system based on RTDS, characterized in that: It includes an RTDS benchmark simulation model (1), a digital quantity analog quantity input and output module (2), a state monitoring module (3), an automatic test module (4), a power amplifier (5), a tested line protection device (6) and a grid-connected converter controller (7); The RTDS reference simulation model (1) is connected to the line protection device (6) under test via the digital analog input / output module (2) and the power amplifier (5) in sequence, and the line protection device (6) under test is connected to the digital analog input / output module (2), so that the RTDS reference simulation model (1) transmits the simulated secondary side analog signal to the power amplifier (5) to convert it into a secondary side voltage signal and a current signal connected to the line protection device, and then transmits it to the line protection device under test (6), and the line protection device under test (6) then transmits a trip signal and a reclosing signal to the RTDS reference simulation model (1) via the digital analog input / output module (2), so as to realize the control of the circuit breaker state at the installation location of the line protection device of the RTDS reference simulation model (1); The RTDS reference simulation model (1) is also connected to the grid-connected converter controller (7) via the digital analog input and output module (2), so that the voltage and current signals at both ends of the grid-connected converter obtained by simulation are transmitted to the grid-connected converter controller (7), and the grid-connected converter controller (7) generates a grid-connected converter control signal based on the read voltage and current signals at both ends of the grid-connected converter, and transmits the control signal to the RTDS reference simulation model (1) via the digital analog input and output module (2), so as to ensure that the output characteristics of the grid-connected converter of the RTDS reference simulation model (1) are the same as the output characteristics of the grid-connected converter in actual production; The state monitoring module (3) is connected to the RTDS benchmark simulation model (1) to view the waveform states of the analog quantities and monitoring quantities of different types of faults in real time; The automatic test module (4) is connected to the RTDS benchmark simulation model (1) to generate a test plan and input it into the RTDS benchmark simulation model (1), thereby carrying out hardware-in-the-loop testing of the line protection device and automatically saving the test results.

2. The automatic test system for line protection device based on RTDS according to claim 1, characterized in that: The RTDS benchmark simulation model (1) comprises a primary circuit module (11), a control module (12) and a fault module (13), wherein the primary circuit module (11) is connected to the control module (12), the fault module (13) and the digital quantity analog quantity input and output module (2), respectively, wherein: The primary circuit module (11) comprises a system power supply, a transmission line, a transformer, a circuit breaker, a load and different new energy electric field grid-connected modules, wherein the system power supply, the transmission line, the transformer, the circuit breaker, the load and the new energy electric field grid-connected modules are connected according to the actual power system structure to form a primary system topology, and the actual power system parameters are configured to simulate the new energy grid-connected system in the actual power grid; The control module (12) is used to control the steady-state output characteristics and fault output characteristics of the grid-connected converter of the new energy electric field grid-connected module; The fault module (13) is used for setting fault parameters.

3. The automatic test system for line protection device based on RTDS according to claim 2, characterized in that: The new energy electric field grid-connected module includes a permanent magnet direct-driven wind farm module, and the permanent magnet direct-driven wind farm module includes a scaling transformer, a grid-connected converter, a rectifier, a permanent magnet synchronous motor, a wind turbine, a resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, a crowbar protection, and a node. The scaling transformer, the grid-connected converter, the rectifier, the permanent magnet synchronous motor, the wind turbine, the resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, the crowbar protection, and the nodes are connected according to the actual permanent magnet direct-driven wind farm structure, and the parameters of the corresponding electrical components in the actual permanent magnet direct-driven wind farm are configured to simulate the actual permanent magnet direct-driven wind farm.

4. The automatic test system for line protection device based on RTDS according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The new energy electric field grid-connected module includes a doubly-fed asynchronous wind farm module, and the doubly-fed asynchronous wind farm module includes a scaling transformer, a grid-connected converter, a rectifier, an induction motor, a wind turbine, a resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, a crowbar protection, and a node. The scaling transformer, the grid-connected converter, the rectifier, the induction motor, the wind turbine, the resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, the crowbar protection, and the nodes are connected according to the actual doubly-fed asynchronous wind farm structure, and the parameters of the corresponding electrical components in the actual doubly-fed asynchronous wind farm are configured to simulate the actual doubly-fed asynchronous wind farm.

5. The automatic test system for line protection device based on RTDS according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The new energy electric field grid-connected module includes a photovoltaic electric field module, and the photovoltaic electric field module includes a scaling transformer, a grid-connected converter, a boost circuit module, a photovoltaic panel, a resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, a crowbar protection, and a node. The scaling transformer, the grid-connected converter, the boost circuit module, the photovoltaic panel, the resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, the crowbar protection, and the nodes are connected according to the actual photovoltaic electric field structure, and the parameters of the corresponding electrical components in the actual photovoltaic electric field are configured to simulate the actual photovoltaic electric field.

6. The automatic test system for line protection device based on RTDS according to claim 2, characterized in that: The new energy electric field grid-connected module includes an energy storage electric field module, and the energy storage electric field module includes a scaling transformer, a grid-connected converter, a boost circuit module, an energy storage battery, a resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, a crowbar protection, and a node. The scaling transformer, the grid-connected converter, the boost circuit module, the energy storage battery, the resistor-inductor-capacitor filter, the crowbar protection, and the node are connected according to the actual energy storage electric field structure, and the parameters of the corresponding electrical components in the actual energy storage electric field are configured to simulate the actual energy storage electric field.

7. The testing method of the line protection device automatic testing system based on RTDS according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Adjusting the parameters of electrical components in the RTDS reference simulation model (1) so that the voltage level at the installation location of the line protection device of the RTDS reference simulation model (1) is the same as the line voltage level applicable to the line protection device (6) under test; According to the grid structure and parameters to be tested, a corresponding new energy electric field grid-connected module is selected in the primary circuit module (11) of the RTDS benchmark simulation model (1), and a primary side current scaling parameter value of a scaling transformer is adjusted in the selected new energy electric field grid-connected module to change the new energy access ratio, and the topological structure of the primary circuit module (11) is adjusted to change the new energy access position; The analog and digital signals required for output and input of the RTDS reference simulation model (1) are set through a digital analog input and output module (2) to ensure signal transmission between the RTDS reference simulation model (1) and the measured line protection device (6), the power amplifier (5) and the grid-connected converter controller (7); The power amplifier (5), the line protection device (6) and the grid-connected converter controller (7) are respectively connected to corresponding ports of the digital quantity and analog quantity input and output module (2); Fault parameters are set through the fault module (13), and the fault parameters are sent to the automatic test module (4) to generate a test plan; The test scheme is sent to the RTDS benchmark simulation model (1) for automatic testing through the automatic test module (4), and the test results of the tested line protection device (6) under all fault test scenarios are saved through the automatic test module (4), while the test process is monitored in real time through the status monitoring module (3) until all fault test scenarios are completed.

8. The test method of the line protection device automatic test system based on RTDS according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fault parameters include: the number of fault points in the forward zone, the number of fault points outside the forward zone, the number of fault points outside the reverse zone, the fault type, the minimum and maximum values ​​of the fault duration and the step length, the minimum and maximum values ​​of the transition resistance and the step length, the minimum and maximum values ​​of the fault trigger angle and the step length, the minimum and maximum values ​​of the new energy access ratio and the step length, and the waiting time.

9. The test method of the line protection device automatic test system based on RTDS according to claim 8, characterized in that: When generating the corresponding test plan, it specifically includes: Number each fault point in the order of fault point in the forward zone, fault point outside the forward zone, and fault point outside the reverse zone, and obtain all the fault points that need to be traversed during the test; Each fault type is numbered in the order of single-phase grounding fault, two-phase grounding fault, two-phase interphase short circuit fault, and three-phase short circuit fault, to obtain all the fault types to be tested that need to be traversed during the test; According to the minimum and maximum values ​​of the fault duration and the step length, all fault durations to be traversed during the test are set. The starting value of all fault durations to be traversed is the minimum value of the fault duration, the step length is the step length of the fault duration, and the end value is the maximum value of the fault duration; All transition resistances to be traversed during the test are set according to the minimum and maximum values ​​of the transition resistance and the step length. The starting value of all transition resistances to be traversed is the minimum value of the transition resistance, the step length is the step length of the transition resistance, and the ending value is the maximum value of the transition resistance. According to the minimum and maximum values ​​of the fault trigger angle and the step length, all the fault trigger angles to be traversed during the test are set. The starting value of all the fault trigger angles to be traversed is the minimum value of the fault trigger angle, the step length is the step length of the fault trigger angle, and the end value is the maximum value of the fault trigger angle; According to the minimum and maximum values ​​of the new energy access ratio and the step length, all the new energy access ratios that need to be traversed during the test are set. The starting value of all the new energy access ratios that need to be traversed is the minimum value of the new energy access ratio, the step length is the step length of the new energy access ratio, and the end value is the maximum value of the new energy access ratio; Set the waiting time to the time interval between two adjacent fault-triggered operations.

10. The test method of the line protection device automatic test system based on RTDS according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the test results of the tested line protection device (6) in all fault test scenarios are saved by the automatic test module (4), it includes: if the trip signal of the tested line protection device (6) is obtained, the monitoring quantity waveform of the trip signal of the tested line protection device (6) is saved, and the waveform file after the fault is triggered is obtained, and the information of the corresponding fault test scenario is recorded and the number of fault refusal to operate in the forward zone, the number of fault malfunction outside the forward zone and the number of fault malfunction outside the reverse zone in the corresponding fault test scenario are counted, and the fault test scenario and the statistical results are saved.

Images