Integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit and protection method

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By designing the integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit, using the operational amplification sub-circuit and the operational amplification comparison sub-circuit to monitor and judge the current, the problems of overcurrent and temperature increase of the integrated circuit caused by single-particle locking are solved, and effective overcurrent is achieved Self-protection avoids device damage.

CN119448148APending Publication Date: 2025-02-14THE 34TH RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF CETC

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Patent Information

Application Number: CN202411381549.X
Authority / Receiving Office: CN · China
Patent Type: Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date: 2024-09-30
Publication Date: 2025-02-14

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing integrated circuits can easily lead to permanent damage to the device when single-particle lock occurs. The existing preventive measures are mainly to add a current limiting resistor or power-off and restart, which cannot effectively prevent damage to single-particle lock.

Method used

An integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit is designed, including an operational amplification sub-circuit and an operational amplification comparison sub-circuit. The current is monitored and amplified through the operational amplification sub-circuit, and the operational amplification comparison sub-circuit is determined whether the current exceeds the limit. If the flow value exceeds, the chip's enable circuit will be cut off to prevent overcurrent.

Benefits of technology

It effectively prevents the integrated circuit overcurrent and temperature increase caused by single-particle locking, and avoids permanent damage to the device. At the same time, the circuit architecture is simple, low-cost and easy to integrate.

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electronics, in particular to an integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit and a protection method, and the circuit comprises an operational amplification subtraction sub-circuit and an operational amplification comparison sub-circuit. Through the arrangement of the operational amplification subtraction sub-circuit and the operational amplification comparison sub-circuit, the situation that the local temperature of a chip rises due to increase of internal current of a device can be effectively prevented, meanwhile, the adopted chips are operational amplifiers, integration is easy, the size is small, the circuit is simple, the circuit structure is simple, the cost is low, the method is simple and practical, and the application range is wide. Therefore, the problem that a device is damaged permanently when single event locking occurs in an existing integrated circuit is solved.

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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electronics, and in particular to an integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit and a protection method. Background Art

[0002] In the aerospace field, integrated circuits in satellites are occasionally affected by single-particle effects, among which single-ion locking has a relatively large impact. If single-particle locking occurs in an integrated circuit, the internal current of the device will increase, the local temperature of the chip will rise, and even cause permanent damage to the device.

[0003] Currently, the main measures to prevent single-event lockup are to add a current-limiting resistor to the front end of the chip or to power off and restart the device. This invention proposes a new overcurrent self-protection circuit that can also prevent single-event lockup and protect the integrated circuit from damage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide an integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit and protection method, aiming to solve the problem that the existing integrated circuit is prone to permanent damage to the device when single event lock occurs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides an integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit, comprising an operational amplifier subtraction subcircuit and an operational amplifier comparison subcircuit, wherein the operational amplifier subtraction subcircuit and the operational amplifier comparison subcircuit are connected.

[0006] Among them, the operational amplifier subtraction subcircuit includes an operational amplifier subtractor U1A, a filter capacitor C1, a filter capacitor C4, a resistor R9, a resistor R6, a resistor R2, a resistor R1 and a resistor R3. The positive voltage terminal of the operational amplifier subtractor U1A is connected to +5V, and the positive voltage terminal of the operational amplifier subtractor U1A is connected in series with the filter capacitor C1 and the filter capacitor C4 and grounded; the negative voltage terminal of the operational amplifier subtractor U1A is grounded; the positive output terminal of the operational amplifier subtractor U1A is connected to the resistor R9, the resistor R6 and the resistor R2; the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier subtractor U1A is connected to the resistor R1 and the output terminal, and is connected in series with the resistor R3 to the integrated circuit power supply terminal.

[0007] The filter capacitor C1 and the filter capacitor C4 are 0.1 μF; the resistors R1 and R9 are 100 kΩ; the resistor R2 is 0.1Ω; and the resistors R3 and R6 are 10 kΩ.

[0008] The operational amplifier comparison subcircuit includes an operational amplifier comparator U2A, a filter capacitor C2, a filter capacitor C5, a filter capacitor C7, a filter capacitor C8, a resistor R11, a resistor R8, a resistor R12, a resistor R5, a resistor R4, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C6, a forward switching diode D1, a resistor R10 and a resistor R7; the positive voltage terminal of the operational amplifier comparator U2A is connected to +5V, and is connected in series with the filter capacitor C2 and the filter capacitor C5; the negative voltage terminal of the operational amplifier comparator U2A is connected to -5V, and is connected in series with the filter capacitor C7 and the filter capacitor C8; the operational amplifier comparator U The positive input end of the operational amplifier comparator U2A is connected to the resistor R11 and the resistor R8, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected to +5V, and the resistor R12 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier comparator U2A; the negative input end of the operational amplifier comparator U2A is connected to the resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the resistor R4 to the output end of the operational amplifier subtractor U1A, and the capacitor C3 and the capacitor C6 are connected in series to ground; the output end of the operational amplifier comparator U2A is connected to the forward switching diode D1, and the other end of the forward switching diode D1 is connected to the resistor R10 and the resistor R7.

[0009] Among them, the filter capacitors C2, C5, C7 and C8 are 0.1 μF; the capacitors C3 and C6 are 1 μF; the resistors R5 and R8 are 10 kΩ; the resistor R4 is 1 kΩ; the resistor R7 is 2 kΩ; and the resistor R10 is 499 kΩ.

[0010] In a second aspect, a protection method for an integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit is provided, which is used in the integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0011] Determine the resistance values of resistors R11 and R12 according to the current limiting value;

[0012] A voltage difference is generated across resistor R2, which is subtracted and amplified 10 times by the operational amplifier subtractor U1A. The output value passes through resistor R4 to charge filter capacitors C3 and C6. This value is recorded as V-. V- is 0V, and the positive input voltage is greater than 0V. The operational amplifier comparator U2A outputs a +5V high level, which passes through the forward switch diode D1 and resistor R7 and reaches the chip enable pin.

[0013] As the chip current gradually increases, V- gradually increases. When the voltage of V- is greater than the positive input voltage, the operational amplifier comparator U2A outputs a low level. At this time, the chip enable pin voltage becomes 0V, and the chip stops working.

[0014] An integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit of the present invention includes an operational amplifier subtraction subcircuit and an operational amplifier comparison subcircuit. The operational amplifiers used are all rail-to-rail operational amplifiers. The present invention can effectively prevent the situation where the internal current of the device increases and the local temperature of the chip increases due to the arrangement of the operational amplifier subtraction subcircuit and the operational amplifier comparison subcircuit. At the same time, the chips used in the present invention are all operational amplifiers, which are easy to integrate, small in size and simple in circuit. This circuit architecture is simple, low in cost, and the method is simple and practical, thereby solving the problem that the existing integrated circuit is prone to permanent damage to the device when single-event lock occurs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 The present invention provides a circuit diagram of an integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of an integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit protection method provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0019] See also Figure 1 In a first aspect, the present invention provides an integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit, comprising an operational amplifier subtraction subcircuit and an operational amplifier comparison subcircuit, wherein the operational amplifier subtraction subcircuit and the operational amplifier comparison subcircuit are connected.

[0020] Furthermore, the operational amplifier subtraction subcircuit includes an operational amplifier subtractor U1A, a filter capacitor C1, a filter capacitor C4, a resistor R9, a resistor R6, a resistor R2, a resistor R1 and a resistor R3. The positive voltage terminal of the operational amplifier subtractor U1A is connected to +5V, and the positive voltage terminal of the operational amplifier subtractor U1A is connected in series with the filter capacitor C1 and the filter capacitor C4 and grounded; the negative voltage terminal of the operational amplifier subtractor U1A is grounded; the positive output terminal of the operational amplifier subtractor U1A is connected to the resistor R9, the resistor R6 and the resistor R2; the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier subtractor U1A is connected to the resistor R1 and the output terminal, and is connected in series with the resistor R3 to the integrated circuit power supply terminal.

[0021] The filter capacitor C1 and the filter capacitor C4 are 0.1 μF; the resistors R1 and R9 are 100 kΩ; the resistor R2 is 0.1Ω; and the resistors R3 and R6 are 10 kΩ.

[0022] Furthermore, the operational amplifier comparison subcircuit includes an operational amplifier comparator U2A, a filter capacitor C2, a filter capacitor C5, a filter capacitor C7, a filter capacitor C8, a resistor R11, a resistor R8, a resistor R12, a resistor R5, a resistor R4, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C6, a forward switching diode D1, a resistor R10 and a resistor R7; the positive voltage terminal of the operational amplifier comparator U2A is connected to +5V, and is connected in series with the filter capacitor C2 and the filter capacitor C5; the negative voltage terminal of the operational amplifier comparator U2A is connected to -5V, and is connected in series with the filter capacitor C7 and the filter capacitor C8; the operational amplifier comparator The positive input end of U2A is connected to the resistor R11 and the resistor R8, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected to +5V, and the resistor R12 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier comparator U2A; the negative input end of the operational amplifier comparator U2A is connected to the resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the resistor R4 to the output end of the operational amplifier subtractor U1A, and the capacitor C3 and the capacitor C6 are connected in series to ground; the output end of the operational amplifier comparator U2A is connected to the forward switching diode D1, and the other end of the forward switching diode D1 is connected to the resistor R10 and the resistor R7.

[0023] Furthermore, the filter capacitor C2, the filter capacitor C5, the filter capacitor C7 and the filter capacitor C8 are 0.1 μF; the capacitor C3 and the capacitor C6 are 1 μF; the resistor R5 and the resistor R8 are 10 kΩ; the resistor R4 is 1 kΩ; the resistor R7 is 2 kΩ; and the resistor R10 is 499 kΩ.

[0024] In this embodiment, the resistance values of resistors R11 and R12 are determined according to the current limiting value; the left end of R2 is the +5V power supply terminal, and the right end of R2 is the chip power supply terminal. When the chip is working, a voltage difference is generated at both ends of R2. The voltage difference is subtracted and amplified 10 times by the U1A operational amplifier subtractor and output. The output value charges C3 and C6 after passing through the R4 resistor. The value is recorded as V-. Due to the capacitor charging process, when the circuit is powered on, V- is 0V, the positive input terminal voltage (Vt) is greater than 0V, and the operational amplifier comparator U2A output is The output (Vo) is a +5V high level, passing through the forward diode D1 and the resistor R7 before reaching the chip enable pin. Since the diode conduction voltage drop is approximately 0.7V, the enable voltage is approximately 4.3V. The chip enable must be high (greater than 3.3V) for normal operation, and low to stop operation. As the chip current gradually increases, V- gradually increases. When the voltage of V- exceeds Vt, the operational amplifier comparator outputs a low level, meaning Vo is -5V, the switching diode is cut off, and since R10 is grounded, the chip enable pin voltage becomes 0V, and the chip stops operating. Since Vo becomes -5V, the value of Vt becomes negative, and Vt's value remains less than V-. Vo continuously outputs a low level, and the chip enable pin remains low, achieving the purpose of overcurrent protection.

[0025] See also Figure 2 In a second aspect, a protection method for an integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit is provided, which is used in the integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit described in the first aspect, and comprises the following steps:

[0026] S1 determines the resistance values of resistors R11 and R12 according to the current limiting value;

[0027] Specifically, the resistance values of resistors R11 and R12 are determined based on the current limit. When the current limit is less than 0.8A, the resistance of R11 is 100Ω; when the current limit is greater than or equal to 0.8A and less than 1.8A, the resistance of R11 is 1.8kΩ; when the current limit is greater than or equal to 1.8A and less than 2.4A, the resistance of R11 is 5.1kΩ; when the current limit is greater than or equal to 2.4A and less than 3.1A, the resistance of R11 is 9kΩ; when the current limit is greater than or equal to 3.1A and less than 4.1A, the resistance of R11 is 18kΩ; when the current limit is greater than or equal to 4.1A and less than 5A, the resistance of R11 is 33kΩ. After determining the value of R11, the value of R12 is determined using the following formula.

[0028]

[0029] In the above formula, I is the current limit value to be set, in A.

[0030] After determining the resistance values of R11 and R12, the circuit operation can be divided into the following two states.

[0031] A voltage difference is generated across the S2 resistor R2, which is subtracted and amplified 10 times by the operational amplifier subtractor U1A. The output value passes through the resistor R4 to charge the filter capacitors C3 and C6. This value is recorded as V-, V- is 0V, the positive input voltage is greater than 0V, and the operational amplifier comparator U2A outputs a +5V high level, which passes through the forward switch diode D1 and resistor R7 to the chip enable pin;

[0032] Specifically, the first type is that the chip power supply current is less than the current limit value: the left end of R2 is the +5V power supply end, and the right end of R2 is the chip power supply end. When the chip is working, a voltage difference is generated at both ends of R2. The voltage difference is subtracted and amplified 10 times by the U1A operational amplifier subtractor and output. The output value charges C3 and C6 after passing through the R4 resistor. The value is recorded as V-. Due to the capacitor charging process, when the circuit is powered on, V- is 0V, and the voltage (Vt) of the positive input end of the operational amplifier comparator U2A is greater than 0V. The output (Vo) of the operational amplifier comparator U2A is +5V high level, which passes through the D1 forward diode and the R7 resistor to the chip enable pin. Since the diode conduction voltage drop is about 0.7V, the enable voltage is about 4.3V. The chip enable is high level, and the chip can work normally.

[0033] S3 When the chip current gradually increases, V- gradually increases. When the voltage of V- is greater than the positive input voltage, the operational amplifier comparator U2A outputs a low level. At this time, the chip enable pin voltage becomes 0V and the chip stops working.

[0034] Specifically, in the second case, the chip supply current exceeds the current limit. As the chip current gradually increases, V- gradually increases. When the voltage on V- exceeds Vt, the op amp comparator outputs a low level, meaning Vo is -5V. The switching diode is cut off, and since R10 is grounded, the chip enable pin reaches 0V, causing the chip to stop operating. Because Vo reaches -5V, Vt becomes a negative voltage, remaining less than V-. Vo continuously outputs a low level, and the chip enable pin remains low, causing the chip to stop operating. The circuit achieves its overcurrent protection purpose.

[0035] The above disclosure is merely a preferred embodiment of an integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit and protection method of the present invention. It is certainly not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. A person skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiment and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit, characterized in that: It comprises an operational amplifier subtraction subcircuit and an operational amplifier comparison subcircuit, and the operational amplifier subtraction subcircuit is connected to the operational amplifier comparison subcircuit.

2. The integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operational amplifier subtraction subcircuit includes an operational amplifier subtractor U1A, a filter capacitor C1, a filter capacitor C4, a resistor R9, a resistor R6, a resistor R2, a resistor R1 and a resistor R3. The positive voltage terminal of the operational amplifier subtractor U1A is connected to +5V, and the positive voltage terminal of the operational amplifier subtractor U1A is connected in series with the filter capacitor C1 and the filter capacitor C4 and grounded; the negative voltage of the operational amplifier subtractor U1A is grounded; the positive output terminal of the operational amplifier subtractor U1A is connected to the resistor R9, the resistor R6 and the resistor R2; the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier subtractor U1A is connected to the resistor R1 and the output terminal, and is connected in series with the resistor R3 to the integrated circuit power supply terminal.

3. The integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The filter capacitor C1 and the filter capacitor C4 are 0.1 μF; the resistors R1 and R9 are 100 kΩ; the resistor R2 is 0.1Ω; and the resistor R3 and the resistor R6 are 10 kΩ.

4. The integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The operational amplifier comparison subcircuit includes an operational amplifier comparator U2A, a filter capacitor C2, a filter capacitor C5, a filter capacitor C7, a filter capacitor C8, a resistor R11, a resistor R8, a resistor R12, a resistor R5, a resistor R4, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C6, a forward switch diode D1, a resistor R10 and a resistor R7; the positive voltage terminal of the operational amplifier comparator U2A is connected to +5V, and the filter capacitor C2 and the filter capacitor C5 are connected in series; the negative voltage terminal of the operational amplifier comparator U2A is connected to -5V, and the filter capacitor C7 and the filter capacitor C8 are connected in series; the operational amplifier comparator U2 The positive input end of A is connected to the resistor R11 and the resistor R8, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected to +5V, and the resistor R12 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier comparator U2A; the negative input end of the operational amplifier comparator U2A is connected to the resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the resistor R4 to the output end of the operational amplifier subtractor U1A, and the capacitor C3 and the capacitor C6 are connected in series to the ground; the output end of the operational amplifier comparator U2A is connected to the forward switching diode D1, and the other end of the forward switching diode D1 is connected to the resistor R10 and the resistor R7.

5. The integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The filter capacitors C2, C5, C7 and C8 are 0.1 μF; the capacitors C3 and C6 are 1 μF; the resistors R5 and R8 are 10 kΩ; the resistor R4 is 1 kΩ; the resistor R7 is 2 kΩ; and the resistor R10 is 499 kΩ.

6. A protection method for an integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit, used in the integrated circuit overcurrent self-protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine the resistance values of resistors R11 and R12 according to the current limiting value; A voltage difference is generated across the resistor R2, and the voltage difference is subtracted and amplified 10 times by the operational amplifier subtractor U1A for output. The output value charges the filter capacitor C3 and the filter capacitor C6 after passing through the resistor R4. The value is recorded as V-, V- is 0V, and the voltage at the positive input terminal is greater than 0V. The operational amplifier comparator U2A outputs a +5V high level, which passes through the forward switch diode D1 and the resistor R7 to the chip enable pin; As the chip current gradually increases, V- gradually increases. When the voltage of V- is greater than the positive input voltage, the operational amplifier comparator U2A outputs a low level. At this time, the chip enable pin voltage becomes 0V, and the chip stops working.