High-efficiency photovoltaic hydrogen production power supply system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic hydrogen production, in particular to a high-efficiency photovoltaic hydrogen production power supply system which comprises a photovoltaic power generation system, a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, a control system and an energy storage device. The photovoltaic power generation system is composed of a photovoltaic assembly, a combiner box, a support, a foundation, a grounding device and the like and used for converting solar energy into direct-current electric energy. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system comprises an electrolytic cell, an electrode, a diaphragm, an electrolyte solution and the like and is used for converting direct-current electric energy into hydrogen and oxygen. The control system comprises a controller, a sensor, an execution mechanism and the like and is used for monitoring and controlling the operation state of the system. The energy storage device adopts a lithium ion battery technology, is used for storing redundant electric energy, has the advantages of efficient conversion, stable energy storage, intelligent control, environmental protection, energy conservation and the like, and provides a new technical approach for utilization of renewable energy sources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic hydrogen production, and in particular to a high-efficiency photovoltaic hydrogen production power supply system. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of global energy demand and the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the development and utilization of renewable energy has become a common goal of countries around the world. Hydrogen energy, as a clean and efficient energy source, has the advantages of high energy density and pollution-free emissions, and is regarded as an effective way to solve the problem of large-scale excess photovoltaic power generation. Traditional photovoltaic power generation systems are affected by weather changes, have poor power generation stability, and are difficult to store excess electricity, resulting in a serious "abandonment" phenomenon. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a photovoltaic hydrogen power system that can efficiently convert and store the electricity generated by photovoltaic power generation. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency photovoltaic hydrogen production power supply system to solve the problems raised in the background technology and facilitate promotion.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A high-efficiency photovoltaic hydrogen production power system, which mainly includes the following components and features:

[0006] a. Photovoltaic power generation system: converts solar energy into DC electricity;

[0007] b. Water electrolysis hydrogen production system: hydrogen is released on the cathode through direct current;

[0008] c. Control system;

[0009] d. Energy storage device: used to store excess electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation system and to provide electricity to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system when there is insufficient sunlight.

[0010] Further, the hydrogen supply module includes a hydrogen source and auxiliary components;

[0011] The photovoltaic power generation system includes the following components and features:

[0012] a. Photovoltaic modules: They are the core part of the photovoltaic power generation system. They are made of high-efficiency monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon materials and are used to directly convert solar energy into DC power. The performance of photovoltaic modules directly affects the power generation efficiency and stability of the entire system.

[0013] b. Combiner box: The combiner box is an important device in the photovoltaic power generation system for collecting and combining the electric energy generated by multiple photovoltaic modules. It includes input terminals, output terminals, fuses, circuit breakers and connecting cables to ensure the safe and reliable transmission of electric energy.

[0014] c. Bracket: Brackets are structural parts that support and fix photovoltaic modules. They are made of steel, aluminum alloy or lightweight high-strength materials. The design of the brackets needs to take into account the weight, wind pressure and snow pressure of the photovoltaic modules to ensure that the photovoltaic modules can work stably and safely.

[0015] d. Foundation and grounding device: The foundation is the load-bearing structure for mounting brackets and photovoltaic modules, and is made of concrete or steel. The grounding device is used to safely conduct static electricity and lightning generated by the photovoltaic power generation system into the earth to protect the safety of equipment and personnel.

[0016] Furthermore, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system includes the following components and features:

[0017] a. Electrolyzer: It is the core equipment of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. It is used to convert electrical energy into chemical energy, so that water molecules undergo oxidation-reduction reactions on the electrodes, thereby decomposing and producing hydrogen and oxygen. It consists of several electrolytic cells, each of which is equipped with a cathode and an anode. Direct current is used to precipitate hydrogen on the cathode and oxygen on the anode.

[0018] b. Electrode: The electrode is a key component in the electrolyzer, used to transmit current and catalyze the redox reaction of water molecules on the electrode surface. The cathode is made of a material with excellent hydrogen evolution performance, and the anode is made of a material with stable oxidation performance;

[0019] c. Diaphragm: The diaphragm is located between the cathode and anode of the electrolytic cell and is used to isolate the gases produced by the cathode and anode to prevent them from mixing and exploding. The diaphragm needs to have good ion conductivity and gas isolation to ensure the smooth progress of the electrolysis process;

[0020] d. Electrolyte solution: The electrolyte solution is the conductive medium in the electrolytic cell, which is used to transfer current and promote the redox reaction of water molecules, including strong alkaline solutions of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, and strong acid solutions of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid;

[0021] e. Auxiliary equipment: The water electrolysis hydrogen production system also includes a circulation pump, a cooler, a gas separator and a hydrogen storage tank.

[0022] Furthermore, the control system includes the following components and features:

[0023] a. Controller: The controller is the core of the control system. It is responsible for receiving signals from various sensors, processing them according to preset algorithms and logic, and then outputting control instructions to the actuators. The controller uses a high-performance microprocessor or programmable logic controller (PLC) with powerful data processing and real-time control capabilities;

[0024] b. Sensor: The sensor is used to monitor various parameters of the photovoltaic power generation system and the water electrolysis hydrogen production system in real time, including voltage, current, temperature and pressure. The sensor converts the collected data into electrical signals and transmits them to the controller for processing;

[0025] c. Actuator: According to the instructions of the controller, the operating parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, including current density and electrode spacing, are adjusted. The actuator includes an electric regulating valve, a frequency converter and a DC power supply;

[0026] d. Human-machine interface: The human-machine interface is the interface for operators to interact with the control system. It is used to display the system's operating status, alarm information and historical data. Operators input control instructions through the human-machine interface, adjust the system's operating parameters, or view detailed information about the system;

[0027] e. Communication module: Through the communication module, the control system can send real-time data to the remote monitoring center or cloud platform to achieve remote monitoring and fault diagnosis;

[0028] f. Software algorithm: used to process the data collected by the sensor and output control instructions according to preset logic and rules. The software algorithm includes maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm, electrolyzer temperature control algorithm and hydrogen purity control algorithm.

[0029] Furthermore, the energy storage device includes the following components and features:

[0030] a. Lithium-ion battery energy storage device: Lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life and low self-discharge rate. Lithium-ion battery energy storage devices are composed of multiple lithium-ion battery cells and are monitored and controlled by a battery management system (BMS) to ensure safe and reliable operation of the battery;

[0031] b. Sodium-sulfur battery energy storage device;

[0032] c. Supercapacitor energy storage device: It has the advantages of high power density, long cycle life and fast charge and discharge capability, and is used to balance the volatility of photovoltaic power generation systems and improve the response speed of the system;

[0033] d. Other types of energy storage devices: including compressed air energy storage, pumped storage and flywheel energy storage.

[0034] As an improvement, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0035] 1. Efficient conversion: The present invention realizes efficient conversion of renewable energy by integrating photovoltaic power generation and water electrolysis hydrogen production technology. The DC power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system is directly used for water electrolysis hydrogen production, which reduces the inversion and boosting process and improves energy utilization efficiency;

[0036] 2. Stable energy storage: The energy storage device can store the excess electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation system and provide electricity to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system when there is insufficient sunlight to ensure stable operation of the system;

[0037] 3. Intelligent control: The control system automatically adjusts the operating parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to the real-time power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system, realizes intelligent control, and improves the stability and reliability of the system;

[0038] 4. Environmental protection and energy saving: The present invention adopts clean energy technology to achieve zero emissions, which meets the requirements of energy conservation, emission reduction and green development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high-efficiency photovoltaic hydrogen production power supply system of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control system of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage device of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the contents of the present invention more clearly understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0045] A high-efficiency photovoltaic hydrogen production power system, which mainly includes the following components and features:

[0046] a. Photovoltaic power generation system: converts solar energy into DC electricity;

[0047] b. Water electrolysis hydrogen production system: hydrogen is released on the cathode through direct current;

[0048] c. Control system;

[0049] d. Energy storage device: used to store excess electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation system and to provide electricity to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system when there is insufficient sunlight.

[0050] In this embodiment, the hydrogen supply module includes a hydrogen source and auxiliary components;

[0051] Photovoltaic power generation systems include the following components and features:

[0052] a. Photovoltaic modules: They are the core part of the photovoltaic power generation system. They are made of high-efficiency monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon materials and are used to directly convert solar energy into DC power. The performance of photovoltaic modules directly affects the power generation efficiency and stability of the entire system.

[0053] b. Combiner box: The combiner box is an important device in the photovoltaic power generation system for collecting and combining the electric energy generated by multiple photovoltaic modules. It includes input terminals, output terminals, fuses, circuit breakers and connecting cables to ensure the safe and reliable transmission of electric energy.

[0054] c. Bracket: Brackets are structural parts that support and fix photovoltaic modules. They are made of steel, aluminum alloy or lightweight high-strength materials. The design of the brackets needs to take into account the weight, wind pressure and snow pressure of the photovoltaic modules to ensure that the photovoltaic modules can work stably and safely.

[0055] d. Foundation and grounding device: The foundation is the load-bearing structure for mounting brackets and photovoltaic modules, and is made of concrete or steel. The grounding device is used to safely conduct static electricity and lightning generated by the photovoltaic power generation system into the earth to protect the safety of equipment and personnel.

[0056] Through the above technical solution, solar energy can be efficiently converted into electrical energy, providing a stable DC power supply for the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0057] In this embodiment, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system includes the following components and features:

[0058] a. Electrolyzer: It is the core equipment of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. It is used to convert electrical energy into chemical energy, so that water molecules undergo oxidation-reduction reactions on the electrodes, thereby decomposing and producing hydrogen and oxygen. It consists of several electrolytic cells, each of which is equipped with a cathode and an anode. Direct current is used to precipitate hydrogen on the cathode and oxygen on the anode.

[0059] b. Electrode: The electrode is a key component in the electrolyzer, used to transmit current and catalyze the redox reaction of water molecules on the electrode surface. The cathode is made of a material with excellent hydrogen evolution performance, and the anode is made of a material with stable oxidation performance;

[0060] c. Diaphragm: The diaphragm is located between the cathode and anode of the electrolytic cell and is used to isolate the gases produced by the cathode and anode to prevent them from mixing and exploding. The diaphragm needs to have good ion conductivity and gas isolation to ensure the smooth progress of the electrolysis process;

[0061] d. Electrolyte solution: The electrolyte solution is the conductive medium in the electrolytic cell, which is used to transfer current and promote the redox reaction of water molecules, including strong alkaline solutions of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, and strong acid solutions of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid;

[0062] e. Auxiliary equipment: The water electrolysis hydrogen production system also includes a circulation pump, a cooler, a gas separator and a hydrogen storage tank.

[0063] Through the above-mentioned technical solution, the various components work together to realize the conversion of electrical energy into hydrogen energy.

[0064] In this embodiment, the control system includes the following components and features:

[0065] a. Controller: The controller is the core of the control system. It is responsible for receiving signals from various sensors, processing them according to preset algorithms and logic, and then outputting control instructions to the actuators. The controller uses a high-performance microprocessor or programmable logic controller (PLC) with powerful data processing and real-time control capabilities;

[0066] b. Sensor: The sensor is used to monitor various parameters of the photovoltaic power generation system and the water electrolysis hydrogen production system in real time, including voltage, current, temperature and pressure. The sensor converts the collected data into electrical signals and transmits them to the controller for processing;

[0067] c. Actuator: According to the instructions of the controller, the operating parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, including current density and electrode spacing, are adjusted. The actuator includes an electric regulating valve, a frequency converter and a DC power supply;

[0068] d. Human-machine interface: The human-machine interface is the interface for operators to interact with the control system. It is used to display the system's operating status, alarm information and historical data. Operators input control instructions through the human-machine interface, adjust the system's operating parameters, or view detailed information about the system;

[0069] e. Communication module: Through the communication module, the control system can send real-time data to the remote monitoring center or cloud platform to achieve remote monitoring and fault diagnosis;

[0070] f. Software algorithm: used to process the data collected by the sensor and output control instructions according to preset logic and rules. The software algorithm includes maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm, electrolyzer temperature control algorithm and hydrogen purity control algorithm.

[0071] Through the above technical solution, comprehensive monitoring and control of the photovoltaic hydrogen power system is achieved through the collaboration of various components such as sensors, actuators, human-machine interfaces, communication modules and software algorithms.

[0072] In this embodiment, the energy storage device includes the following components and features:

[0073] a. Lithium-ion battery energy storage device: Lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life and low self-discharge rate. Lithium-ion battery energy storage devices are composed of multiple lithium-ion battery cells and are monitored and controlled by a battery management system (BMS) to ensure safe and reliable operation of the battery;

[0074] b. Sodium-sulfur battery energy storage device;

[0075] c. Supercapacitor energy storage device: It has the advantages of high power density, long cycle life and fast charge and discharge capability, and is used to balance the volatility of photovoltaic power generation systems and improve the response speed of the system;

[0076] d. Other types of energy storage devices: including compressed air energy storage, pumped storage and flywheel energy storage.

[0077] Through the above technical solutions, comprehensive consideration is given to factors such as the scale, load demand, operating conditions and economy of the photovoltaic power generation system. At the same time, the safety and reliability of the energy storage device are also crucial, and effective safety measures and monitoring methods need to be taken to ensure its normal operation.

[0078] When working, the DC power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system enters the control system through the combiner box, and the controller adjusts the operating parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to the real-time power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system. The sensor monitors the output voltage, current and temperature, pressure and other parameters of the photovoltaic power generation system in real time, and feeds back to the controller. The actuator adjusts the current density, electrode spacing, etc. of the electrolyzer according to the instructions of the controller to optimize the hydrogen production efficiency. When the photovoltaic power generation system generates excess electricity, the excess electricity is stored by the energy storage device; when the sunlight is insufficient, the energy storage device provides electricity to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to ensure stable operation of the system.

[0079] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency photovoltaic hydrogen production power system, which mainly includes the following components and features: a. Photovoltaic power generation system: converts solar energy into DC electricity; b. Water electrolysis hydrogen production system: hydrogen is released on the cathode through direct current; c. Control system; d. Energy storage device: used to store excess electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation system and to provide electricity to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system when there is insufficient sunlight.

2. A high-efficiency photovoltaic hydrogen production power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen supply module includes a hydrogen source and auxiliary components; The photovoltaic power generation system includes the following components and features: a. Photovoltaic modules: They are the core part of the photovoltaic power generation system. They are made of high-efficiency monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon materials and are used to directly convert solar energy into DC power. The performance of photovoltaic modules directly affects the power generation efficiency and stability of the entire system. b. Combiner box: The combiner box is an important device in the photovoltaic power generation system for collecting and combining the electric energy generated by multiple photovoltaic modules. It includes input terminals, output terminals, fuses, circuit breakers and connecting cables to ensure the safe and reliable transmission of electric energy. c. Bracket: Brackets are structural parts that support and fix photovoltaic modules. They are made of steel, aluminum alloy or lightweight high-strength materials. The design of the brackets needs to take into account the weight, wind pressure and snow pressure of the photovoltaic modules to ensure that the photovoltaic modules can work stably and safely. d. Foundation and grounding device: The foundation is the load-bearing structure for mounting brackets and photovoltaic modules, and is made of concrete or steel. The grounding device is used to safely conduct static electricity and lightning generated by the photovoltaic power generation system into the earth to protect the safety of equipment and personnel.

3. A high-efficiency photovoltaic hydrogen production power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water electrolysis hydrogen production system includes the following components and features: a. Electrolyzer: It is the core equipment of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. It is used to convert electrical energy into chemical energy, so that water molecules undergo oxidation-reduction reactions on the electrodes, thereby decomposing and producing hydrogen and oxygen. It consists of several electrolytic cells, each of which is equipped with a cathode and an anode. Direct current is used to precipitate hydrogen on the cathode and oxygen on the anode. b. Electrode: The electrode is a key component in the electrolyzer, used to transmit current and catalyze the redox reaction of water molecules on the electrode surface. The cathode is made of a material with excellent hydrogen evolution performance, and the anode is made of a material with stable oxidation performance; c. Diaphragm: The diaphragm is located between the cathode and anode of the electrolytic cell and is used to isolate the gases produced by the cathode and anode to prevent them from mixing and exploding. The diaphragm needs to have good ion conductivity and gas isolation to ensure the smooth progress of the electrolysis process; d. Electrolyte solution: The electrolyte solution is the conductive medium in the electrolytic cell, which is used to transfer current and promote the redox reaction of water molecules, including strong alkaline solutions of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, and strong acid solutions of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid; e. Auxiliary equipment: The water electrolysis hydrogen production system also includes a circulation pump, a cooler, a gas separator and a hydrogen storage tank.

4. A high-efficiency photovoltaic hydrogen production power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system includes the following components and features: a. Controller: The controller is the core of the control system. It is responsible for receiving signals from various sensors, processing them according to preset algorithms and logic, and then outputting control instructions to the actuators. The controller uses a high-performance microprocessor or programmable logic controller (PLC) with powerful data processing and real-time control capabilities; b. Sensor: The sensor is used to monitor various parameters of the photovoltaic power generation system and the water electrolysis hydrogen production system in real time, including voltage, current, temperature and pressure. The sensor converts the collected data into electrical signals and transmits them to the controller for processing; c. Actuator: According to the instructions of the controller, the operating parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, including current density and electrode spacing, are adjusted. The actuator includes an electric regulating valve, a frequency converter and a DC power supply; d. Human-machine interface: The human-machine interface is the interface for operators to interact with the control system. It is used to display the system's operating status, alarm information and historical data. Operators input control instructions through the human-machine interface, adjust the system's operating parameters, or view detailed information about the system; e. Communication module: Through the communication module, the control system can send real-time data to the remote monitoring center or cloud platform to achieve remote monitoring and fault diagnosis; f. Software algorithm: used to process the data collected by the sensor and output control instructions according to preset logic and rules. The software algorithm includes maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm, electrolyzer temperature control algorithm and hydrogen purity control algorithm.

5. A high-efficiency photovoltaic hydrogen production power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage device includes the following components and features: a. Lithium-ion battery energy storage device: Lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life and low self-discharge rate. Lithium-ion battery energy storage devices are composed of multiple lithium-ion battery cells and are monitored and controlled by a battery management system (BMS) to ensure safe and reliable operation of the battery; b. Sodium-sulfur battery energy storage device; c. Supercapacitor energy storage device: It has the advantages of high power density, long cycle life and fast charge and discharge capability, and is used to balance the volatility of photovoltaic power generation systems and improve the response speed of the system; d. Other types of energy storage devices: including compressed air energy storage, pumped storage and flywheel energy storage.

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