Bionic forage grass chopping bent knife

Abstract

The invention relates to a bionic forage grass chopping machete, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The cutter comprises a blade back part and a cutter head, the blade back comprises a blade left side surface, a blade right side surface, a blade upper side surface, a top mounting surface and a bottom mounting surface; the tool bit comprises an outer side secondary contact surface, an outer side contact surface, a cutting edge, a main cutting plane and an inner side contact surface; the tool bit is obtained by simulating an inferior incisor tooth curve of a civet in the nature; the inner side contact surface is located between the main cutting plane and the bottom mounting surface, the outer side secondary contact surface is located between the outer side contact surface and the top mounting surface, and a cutting blade is arranged between the main cutting plane and the outer side contact surface. Compared with a common forage grass chopping curved knife, the forage grass chopping curved knife is obvious in self-sharpening effect, high in cutting length uniformity and low in power consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a bionic forage chopping scimitar, belonging to the technical field of agricultural machinery. Background Art

[0002] In the livestock production process, the chopping of forage is a key link to ensure the quality of feed and the efficiency of animal digestion. Although the traditional forage chopping device has met the needs of the livestock industry to a certain extent, it still has many shortcomings. For example, uneven cutting length leads to a decrease in the digestibility of feed in the animal body; high energy consumption increases the feeding cost; and fast blade wear shortens the service life of the equipment. Therefore, how to design a new type of forage chopping device to overcome the above shortcomings has become an urgent problem to be solved in the current livestock technology field.

[0003] Based on the above background, the present invention proposes a bionic forage chopping scimitar. The scimitar draws on the excellent cutting mechanism of beavers in nature, and aims to achieve efficient and uniform chopping of forage by optimizing the shape of the blade. Compared with traditional chopping devices, the present invention has the advantages of uniform cutting length, low energy consumption, long scimitar life, and anti-blocking, which can significantly improve the chopping effect of forage and the economic benefits of animal husbandry. Based on the technical problems of patent (CN202210378743.7), such as easy blockage, short scimitar life, serious phenomenon of forage sticking to the tool, low practicality, and high difficulty in processing and manufacturing, the present invention adopts cycloid, coating, waist-shaped hole and other technical means to improve. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: the present invention provides a bionic forage chopping scimitar, which has a compact structure, is easy to operate, economical and practical, and provides a brand-new solution for forage chopping operations. In the process of forage chopping, the scimitar exhibits excellent chopping performance, excellent anti-blocking effect, long service life, uniform cutting, and significantly improved efficiency. By reducing the cutting resistance, the scimitar effectively reduces power consumption, thereby achieving energy saving. At the same time, the installation and disassembly process of the present invention is simple and quick, maintenance is convenient, and the gap between the movable and fixed blades has a large adjustment range, which effectively solves the problems of easy wear of the scimitar during chopping, uneven cutting length, insufficient reliability, and excessive energy consumption.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a bionic forage chopping scimitar, comprising a blade back 2 and a blade head 4;

[0006] The blade back 2 includes a blade left side 1, a blade right side 3, a blade upper side 16, a top mounting surface 10 and a bottom mounting surface 12;

[0007] The cutter head 4 includes an outer secondary contact surface 9, an outer contact surface 8, a cutting edge 7, a main cutting plane 6, and an inner contact surface 5; the cutter head 4 is inspired by the curve of the lower incisor of a beaver in nature; the inner contact surface 5 is located between the main cutting plane 6 and the bottom mounting surface 12, the outer secondary contact surface 9 is located between the outer contact surface 8 and the top mounting surface 10, and the cutting edge 7 is located between the main cutting plane 6 and the outer contact surface 8.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the left side surface 1 of the blade and the back of the blade 2 form an inverted L-shaped blade; the right side surface 3 of the blade and the back of the blade 2 form an inverted L-shaped blade.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, the cutting blade 7 is a boundary curve of the main cutting plane 6 and the outer contact surface 8, which is a special-shaped bionic NURBS curve; the left and right end surfaces of the top mounting surface 10 are respectively the left side surface 1 of the blade and the right side surface 3 of the blade; the outer secondary contact surface 9 is a transition surface between the top mounting surface 10 and the outer contact surface 8; the front end side of the top mounting surface 10 is a cutter head 4; the upper end surface of the main cutting plane 6 is the inner contact surface 5, and the lower end of the main cutting plane 6 is the cutting blade 7;

[0010] The upper end of the top mounting surface 10 is designed as a blade upper side surface 16 , and bolt reserved holes 11 are preset on the top mounting surface 10 and the bottom mounting surface 12 .

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the upper side surface 16 of the blade is concave in the middle, and the shape of the upper side surface 16 of the blade is trapezoidal.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the left end point N of the cutting edge 7 is set as the center of the circle, and a spatial rectangular coordinate system o-xyz is established, where points A to N are the end points of the cutting surface curves, and O is the midpoint of the cutting edge 7;

[0013] Points ABMN are the four endpoints of the main cutting plane 6 counting counterclockwise from right to left;

[0014] Point BCLM is the four endpoints of the inner contact surface 5 counted counterclockwise from right to left;

[0015] Points CFIL are the four endpoints of the bottom mounting surface 12 counted counterclockwise from right to left;

[0016] Points EGHJ are the four endpoints of the top mounting surface 10 counted counterclockwise from right to left;

[0017] Points DEJK are the four endpoints of the outer secondary contact surface 9 counted counterclockwise from right to left;

[0018] Points ADKN are the four endpoints of the outer contact surface 8 counted counterclockwise from right to left;

[0019] The cutting edge 7 is a curve with AN as the endpoint, and this curve is a special-shaped bionic NURBS curve.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention, in the projection on the XY plane on the left side of the spatial rectangular coordinate system o-xyz, the side curve ML on the inner contact surface 5 is a bionic curve, and its mathematical expression is: 1 =0.0417x 1 4 -1.8032x 1 3 +28.983x 1 2 -204.64x 1 +536.46, the rate of change in the plane is: y 1 ′=0.1668x 1 3 -5.4096x 1 2 +57.966x 1 -204.64; where x 1 ,y 1 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 9.4473073≤x 1 ≤13.034872,1.330945≤y 1 ≤2.45029;

[0021] The side curve NK on the outer contact surface 8 is a bionic curve, and its mathematical expression is:

[0022] y 2 =0.0015x 2 4 -0.0281x 2 3 +0.1456x 2 2 +0.722x 2 -0.1471, the rate of change in the plane is:

[0023] y 2 ′=0.006x 2 3 -0.0843x 2 2 +0.2912x 2 +0.722; where x 2 ,y 2 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 0.263971≤x 2 ≤10.163907, 0.05397≤y 2 ≤8.62905;

[0024] The side curve JK on the outer secondary contact surface 9 is a bionic curve, and its mathematical expression is:

[0025] y 3 =0.0065x 3 3 +0.3078x 3 2 -8.6888x 3 +58.515, the rate of change in the plane is:

[0026] y 3 ′=0.0195x 3 2 +0.6156x 3 -8.6888, where x 3 ,y 3 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, 10.163907≤x 3 ≤11.834902,8.62905≤y 3 ≤9.562749;

[0027] In the projection on the right XY plane, the curve AD on the outer contact surface 8 is a special-shaped bionic curve, and its mathematical expression is: 4 =0.0002x 4 4 -0.0038x 4 3 +0.0164x 4 2 +0.8857x 4 -0.5819, the rate of change in the plane is: y 4 ′=0.0008x 4 3 -0.0114x 4 2 +0.0328x 4 +0.8857; where x 4 ,y 4 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 0.632859≤x 4 ≤10.785397, 0.06283≤y 4 ≤8.562805;

[0028] The curve BC on the inner contact surface 5 is a special-shaped bionic curve, and its mathematical expression is: 5

[0029] =-0.0607x 5 4+2.8027x 5 3 -48.519x 5 2 +373.67x 5 -1079.9, the rate of change in the plane is:

[0030] y 5 ′=-0.2428x 5 3 +8.4081x 5 2 -97.038x 5 +373.67, where x 5 ,y 5 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 10.156075≤x 5 ≤13.148462, 1.245892≤y 5 ≤2.114386;

[0031] The side curve DE on the outer secondary contact surface 9 is a special-shaped bionic curve, and its mathematical expression is: 6 =-0.0024x 6 4 +0.097x 6 3 -1.5666x 6 2 +12.484x 6 -33.569, the rate of change in the plane is: y 6 '

[0032] =-0.0096x 6 3 +0.291x 6 2 -3.1332x 6 +12.484; where x 6 ,y 6 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 10.785397≤x 6 ≤13.072745,8.562805≤y 6 ≤9.594805.

[0033] As a further solution of the present invention, in the projection on the XY plane on the left side of the spatial rectangular coordinate system o-xyz, the above mounting surface is the projection surface, that is, the projection on the XZ plane of the upper projection surface;

[0034] The curve AN of the cutting edge 7 is a special-shaped bionic curve, and its mathematical expression is: 7 =-6E-10 -10 z7 4 +6E-07z 7 3 -9E-05z 7 2 -0.0058z 7 -0.5051, the rate of change in the plane is:

[0035] x 7 ′=-24E-10 -10 z 7 3 +18E-07z 7 2 -18E-05z 7 -0.0058; where x 7 、z 7 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and -1.769472≤x 7 ≤-0.513758, 0.8327589≤z 7 ≤285.46782;

[0036] The mathematical expression of the curve KD on the outer secondary contact surface 9 is: 8 =2E-05z 8 2 -0.0059z 8 +9.4923, the rate of change in the plane is: x 8 ′=4E-05z 8 -0.0059; where x 8 、z 8 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 9.072486≤x 8 ≤9.482496, 2.093958≤z 8 ≤283.783944;

[0037] The mathematical expression of the curve JE on the outer secondary contact surface 9 is:

[0038] x 9 =7E-05z 2 -0.0256z+12.47, the rate of change in the plane is: x 9 ′=14E-05z-0.0256; where x 9 、z 9 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 10.324855≤x 9 ≤12.43648, 2.923047≤z 9 ≤280.3748.

[0039] As a further solution of the present invention, in the projection on the XY plane on the left side of the spatial rectangular coordinate system o-xyz, the lower mounting surface is the projection surface, that is, the projection on the XZ plane of the lower projection surface;

[0040] The mathematical expression of the curve BM on the inner contact surface 5 is: 11 =-6E-09z 11 4 +3E-06z 11 3 -0.0004z 11 2 +0.0019z 11 +4.1614, the rate of change in the plane is: x 11 ′=-24E-09z 11 3 +9E-06z 11 2 -0.0008z 11 +0.0019; where x 11 、z 11 are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and

[0041] 3.113758≤x 11 ≤4.532859, 1.723846≤z 11 ≤285.223748;

[0042] The mathematical expression of the curve CL on the inner contact surface 5 is: 12 =-3E-11z 12 5 +2E-08z 12 4 -5E-06z 12 3 +0.0006z 12 2 -0.0407z 12 +9.6805, the rate of change in the plane is: x 12 ′=-15E-11z 12 4 +8E-08z 12 3 -15E-06z 12 2 +0.0012z 12 -0.0407; where x 12 、z 12 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 7.523847≤x 12 ≤9.943748, 1.489035≤z 12≤284.042846.

[0043] The mathematical expression of the curve BM on the inner contact surface 5 is: 13 =-6E-09z 13 4 +3E-06z 13 3 -0.0004z 13 2 +0.0019z 13 +4.1614, the rate of change in the plane is: x 13 ′=-24E-09z 13 3 +9E-06z 13 2 -0.0008z 13 +0.0019; where x 13 、z 13 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 3.113758≤x 13 ≤4.532859, 1.723846≤z 13 ≤285.223748;

[0044] The mathematical expression of the curve CL on the inner contact surface 5 is: 14 =-3E-11z 14 5 +2E-08z 14 4 -5E-06z 14 3 +0.0006z 14 2 -0.0407z 14 +9.6805, the rate of change in the plane is: x 14 ′=-15E-11z 14 4 +8E-08z 14 3 -15E-06z 14 2 +0.0012z 14 -0.0407; where x 14 、z 14 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 7.523847≤x 14 ≤9.943748, 1.489035≤z 14 ≤284.042846.

[0045] As a further solution of the present invention, the curve AB on the inner contact surface 5 is a cycloid, and the cycloid AB is a set of points on the trajectory drawn by a base circle with a diameter of d when rolling along the tangent of the base circle, wherein the tangent of the base circle is fixed, and the angle between the tangent of the base circle and the straight line parallel to the X-axis is 17°. This design allows the chopped forage to leave the cut surface at the fastest speed when the scimitar chops forage, preventing the straw from flowing back and blocking the feed inlet.

[0046] As a further solution of the present invention, the cutting tips on both sides of the cutting blade 7 are not at the same height, and the left cutting tip is 0.5-0.83 mm higher than the right cutting tip; the cutting tips on both sides are located at the lower point of the cutting blade, and the cutting tips on both sides do not directly bear the impact, which is beneficial to protecting the cutting tips and improving the stress condition of the scimitar, thereby extending the service life of the scimitar.

[0047] The material of the scimitar is 65Mn, and there is an AlTiCN coating on the surface of the scimitar. The thickness of the AlTiCN coating is 2-20μm; the nanohardness of the AlTiCN coating is ≥20GPa; the friction and wear of the scimitar are reduced, the service life of the scimitar is increased, and the frequency of the phenomenon of forage sticking to the knife is effectively reduced.

[0048] The bolt reserved hole 11 is a waist-shaped hole with a hole length of 43 mm, which is convenient for adjusting the gap between the movable and fixed knives and the installation angle of the curved knife to meet the cutting length of different crops.

[0049] The inclination angle of the scimitar blade is 1-2°, the opening angle of the scimitar blade is 28-33°, the curve is smooth, the connection is gentle, the scimitar blade is highly practical, and can be mass-produced.

[0050] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0051] (1) The bionic forage chopping scimitar curve of the present invention is similar to the profile of beaver incisors. Compared with ordinary forage chopping scimitars, it has obvious self-sharpening effect, high uniformity of cutting length and low power consumption.

[0052] (2) Compared with the prior art, the bionic forage chopping scimitar of the present invention has a cycloid curve on one side of the inner contact surface, so that the chopped forage leaves the cutting surface at the fastest speed, preventing the forage stalks from flowing back and blocking the feed inlet.

[0053] (3) The surface of the bionic forage chopping scimitar of the present invention is coated with a layer of AlTiCN coating with a thickness of 2-20 μm, which reduces the friction and heat between the scimitar and the forage during chopping, thereby reducing the frequency of the knife sticking during the forage cutting process, protecting the scimitar from corrosion by the forage, thereby extending the life of the scimitar.

[0054] (4) Compared with the common forage chopping curved knife in which the gap between the moving blade and the fixed blade is fixed and cannot be adjusted, the bionic forage chopping curved knife of the present invention is designed with a waist-shaped hole with a length of 43 mm, which is convenient for adjusting the gap between the moving blade and the fixed blade and the installation angle of the curved knife to meet the cutting length of different crops and has a wide range of applications.

[0055] (5) The bionic forage chopping scimitar of the present invention has a blade opening angle of 28-33°. Compared with the prior art, the scimitar of the present invention has a smooth curve, a gentle connection, is easy to process, has strong practicality, is low in cost, and can be manufactured in large quantities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the front part of the bionic forage chopping scimitar of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the rear end of the bionic forage chopping scimitar of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the bionic forage chopping scimitar of the present invention with coordinate axes and curve characteristic points marked;

[0059] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the left side projection of the bionic forage chopping scimitar of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the right side projection of the bionic forage chopping scimitar of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the projection of the bionic forage chopping scimitar of the present invention on the upper mounting surface;

[0062] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the projection of the bionic forage chopping scimitar of the present invention on the lower mounting surface;

[0063] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the inclination angle of the bionic forage chopping curved blade of the present invention;

[0064] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of a simplified process of chopping with a bionic scimitar forage chopping blade of the present invention;

[0065] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the trajectory of the curve AB on one side of the bionic forage chopping scimitar of the present invention;

[0066] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 1-11The numbers in it are: 1-left side of the blade, 2-back of the blade, 3-right side of the blade, 4-cutter head, 5-inner contact surface, 6-main cutting plane, 7-cutting edge, 8-outer contact surface, 9-outer secondary contact surface, 10-top mounting surface, 11-bolt reserved hole, 12-bottom mounting surface, 13-bolt, 14-shim, 15-seat, 16-upper side of the blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0069] Example 1: Figure 1-Figure 11 As shown, a bionic forage chopping scimitar comprises a blade back 2 and a blade head 4;

[0070] Figure 1 and Figure 2 They are schematic diagrams of the front and rear ends of the bionic forage chopping scimitar of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 1 In the embodiment, the blade back 2 includes a blade left side 1, a blade right side 3, a blade upper side 16, a top mounting surface 10 and a bottom mounting surface 12;

[0072] Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the figure, the cutter head 4 includes an outer secondary contact surface 9, an outer contact surface 8, a cutting edge 7, a main cutting plane 6, and an inner contact surface 5; the cutter head 4 is inspired by the curve of the lower incisor of a beaver in nature; the inner contact surface 5 is located between the main cutting plane 6 and the bottom mounting surface 12, the outer secondary contact surface 9 is located between the outer contact surface 8 and the top mounting surface 10, and the cutting edge 7 is located between the main cutting plane 6 and the outer contact surface 8.

[0073] Figure 1 As a further solution of the present invention, the left side surface 1 of the blade and the back of the blade 2 form an inverted L-shaped blade; the right side surface 3 of the blade and the back of the blade 2 form an inverted L-shaped blade.

[0074] As a further solution of the present invention, the cutting blade 7 is a boundary curve of the main cutting plane 6 and the outer contact surface 8, which is a special-shaped bionic NURBS curve; the left and right end surfaces of the top mounting surface 10 are respectively the left side surface 1 of the blade and the right side surface 3 of the blade; the outer secondary contact surface 9 is a transition surface between the top mounting surface 10 and the outer contact surface 8; the front end side of the top mounting surface 10 is a cutter head 4; the upper end surface of the main cutting plane 6 is the inner contact surface 5, and the lower end of the main cutting plane 6 is the cutting blade 7;

[0075] The upper end of the top mounting surface 10 is designed as the upper side surface 16 of the blade, and bolt reserved holes 11 are preset on the top mounting surface 10 and the bottom mounting surface 12. The installation of the integral scimitar is to use bolts 13 to firmly fix the scimitar between the knife pad 14 and the knife seat 15 through these bolt reserved holes 11. The knife pad 14 is provided with a countersunk hole inside, and the knife seat 15 is equipped with a threaded bottom hole to ensure the stability of the installation. The knife seat 15 is firmly connected to the matching external roller. In order to flexibly adjust the installation angle of the silage bionic special-shaped shredder, knife pads 14 and knife seats 15 with different opening directions are adapted for use.

[0076] As a further solution of the present invention, the upper side surface 16 of the blade is concave in the middle, and the shape of the upper side surface 16 of the blade is trapezoidal.

[0077] As a further embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 In the figure, the left end point N of the cutting edge 7 is set as the center of the circle, and a spatial rectangular coordinate system o-xyz is established, where points A to N are the end points of the cutting surface curves, and O is the midpoint of the cutting edge 7;

[0078] Points ABMN are the four endpoints of the main cutting plane 6 counting counterclockwise from right to left;

[0079] Point BCLM is the four endpoints of the inner contact surface 5 counted counterclockwise from right to left;

[0080] Points CFIL are the four endpoints of the bottom mounting surface 12 counted counterclockwise from right to left;

[0081] Points EGHJ are the four endpoints of the top mounting surface 10 counted counterclockwise from right to left;

[0082] Points DEJK are the four endpoints of the outer secondary contact surface 9 counted counterclockwise from right to left;

[0083] Points ADKN are the four endpoints of the outer contact surface 8 counted counterclockwise from right to left;

[0084] The cutting edge 7 is a curve with AN as the endpoint, and this curve is a special-shaped bionic NURBS curve.

[0085] As a further embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 In the projection on the XY plane on the left side of the spatial rectangular coordinate system o-xyz, the side curve ML on the inner contact surface 5 is a bionic curve, and its mathematical expression is: 1 =0.0417x 1 4 -1.8032x 1 3 +28.983x 1 2 -204.64x1 +536.46, the rate of change in the plane is: y 1 ′=0.1668x 1 3 -5.4096x 1 2 +57.966x 1 -204.64; where x 1 ,y 1 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 9.4473073≤x 1 ≤13.034872,1.330945≤y 1 ≤2.45029;

[0086] The side curve NK on the outer contact surface 8 is a bionic curve, and its mathematical expression is:

[0087] y 2 =0.0015x 2 4 -0.0281x 2 3 +0.1456x 2 2 +0.722x 2 -0.1471, the rate of change in the plane is:

[0088] y 2 ′=0.006x 2 3 -0.0843x 2 2 +0.2912x 2 +0.722; where x 2 ,y 2 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 0.263971≤x 2 ≤10.163907, 0.05397≤y 2 ≤8.62905;

[0089] The side curve JK on the outer secondary contact surface 9 is a bionic curve, and its mathematical expression is:

[0090] y 3 =0.0065x 3 3 +0.3078x 3 2 -8.6888x 3 +58.515, the rate of change in the plane is:

[0091] y 3 ′=0.0195x 32 +0.6156x 3 -8.6888, where x 3 ,y 3 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, 10.163907≤x 3 ≤11.834902,8.62905≤y 3 ≤9.562749;

[0092] Figure 5 In the projection on the right XY plane, the curve AD on the outer contact surface 8 is a special-shaped bionic curve, and its mathematical expression is: 4 =0.0002x 4 4

[0093] -0.0038x 4 3 +0.0164x 4 2 +0.8857x 4 -0.5819, the rate of change in the plane is: y 4 ′=0.0008

[0094] x 4 3 -0.0114x 4 2 +0.0328x 4 +0.8857; where x 4 ,y 4 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 0.632859≤x 4 ≤10.785397, 0.06283≤y 4 ≤8.562805;

[0095] The curve BC on the inner contact surface 5 is a special-shaped bionic curve, and its mathematical expression is: 5

[0096] =-0.0607x 5 4 +2.8027x 5 3 -48.519x 5 2 +373.67x 5 -1079.9, the rate of change in the plane is:

[0097] y 5 ′=-0.2428x 5 3 +8.4081x 52 -97.038x 5 +373.67, where x 5 ,y 5 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 10.156075≤x 5 ≤13.148462, 1.245892≤y 5 ≤2.114386;

[0098] The side curve DE on the outer secondary contact surface 9 is a special-shaped bionic curve, and its mathematical expression is: 6 =-0.0024x 6 4 +0.097x 6 3 -1.5666x 6 2 +12.484x 6 -33.569, the rate of change in the plane is: y 6 '

[0099] =-0.0096x 6 3 +0.291x 6 2 -3.1332x 6 +12.484; where x 6 ,y 6 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 10.785397≤x 6 ≤13.072745,8.562805≤y 6 ≤9.594805.

[0100] Figure 6 As a further solution of the present invention, in the projection on the XY plane on the left side of the spatial rectangular coordinate system o-xyz, the above mounting surface is the projection surface, that is, the projection on the XZ plane of the upper projection surface;

[0101] The curve AN of the cutting edge 7 is a special-shaped bionic curve, and its mathematical expression is: 7 =-6E-10 -10 z 7 4 +6E-07z 7 3 -9E-05z 7 2 -0.0058z 7 -0.5051, the rate of change in the plane is:

[0102] x 7 ′=-24E-10 -10 z7 3 +18E-07z 7 2 -18E-05z 7 -0.0058; where x 7 、z 7 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and -1.769472≤x 7 ≤-0.513758, 0.8327589≤z 7 ≤285.46782;

[0103] The mathematical expression of the curve KD on the outer secondary contact surface 9 is: 8 =2E-05z 8 2 -0.0059z 8 +9.4923, the rate of change in the plane is: x 8 ′=4E-05z 8 -0.0059; where x 8 、z 8 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 9.072486≤x 8 ≤9.482496, 2.093958≤z 8 ≤283.783944;

[0104] The mathematical expression of the curve JE on the outer secondary contact surface 9 is:

[0105] x 9 =7E-05z 2 -0.0256z+12.47, the rate of change in the plane is: x 9 ′=14E-05z-0.0256; where x 9 、z 9 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 10.324855≤x 9 ≤12.43648, 2.923047≤z 9 ≤280.3748.

[0106] Figure 7 As a further solution of the present invention, in the projection on the XY plane on the left side of the spatial rectangular coordinate system o-xyz, the lower mounting surface is the projection surface, that is, the projection on the XZ plane of the lower projection surface;

[0107] Figure 6 In the figure, the curve BM on the inner contact surface 5 is expressed as follows:

[0108] x 11 =-6E-09z 114 +3E-06z 11 3 -0.0004z 11 2 +0.0019z 11 +4.1614, the rate of change in the plane is:

[0109] x 11 ′=-24E-09z 11 3 +9E-06z 11 2 -0.0008z 11 +0.0019; where x 11 、z 11 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 3.113758≤x 11 ≤4.532859, 1.723846≤z 11 ≤285.223748;

[0110] The mathematical expression of the curve CL on the inner contact surface 5 is: 12 =-3E-11z 12 5 +2E-08z 12 4 -5E-06z 12 3 +0.0006z 12 2 -0.0407z 12 +9.6805, the rate of change in the plane is: x 12 ′=-15E-11z 12 4 +8E-08z 12 3 -15E-06z 12 2 +0.0012z 12 -0.0407; where x 12 、z 12 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 7.523847≤x 12 ≤9.943748, 1.489035≤z 12 ≤284.042846;

[0111] The mathematical expression of the curve BM on the inner contact surface 5 is: 13 =-6E-09z 13 4 +3E-06z 13 3 -0.0004z13 2 +0.0019z 13 +4.1614, the rate of change in the plane is: x 13 ′=-24E-09z 13 3 +9E-06z 13 2 -0.0008z 13 +0.0019; where x 13 、z 13 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 3.113758≤x 13 ≤4.532859, 1.723846≤z 13 ≤285.223748;

[0112] The mathematical expression of the curve CL on the inner contact surface 5 is: 14 =-3E-11z 14 5 +2E-08z 14 4 -5E-06z 14 3 +0.0006z 14 2 -0.0407z 14 +9.6805, the rate of change in the plane is: x 14 ′=-15E-11z 14 4 +8E-08z 14 3 -15E-06z 14 2 +0.0012z 14 -0.0407; where x 14 、z 14 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 7.523847≤x 14 ≤9.943748, 1.489035≤z 14 ≤284.042846.

[0113] Figure 8 In the embodiment, the cutting tips on both sides of the cutting blade 7 are not of equal height, and the left cutting tip is 0.5-0.83 mm higher than the right cutting tip;

[0114] The material of the scimitar is 65Mn, and there is an AlTiCN coating on the surface of the scimitar, the thickness of the AlTiCN coating is 2-20μm; the nanohardness of the AlTiCN coating is ≥20GPa; the AlTiCN coating can effectively prevent the scimitar of the present invention from being corroded when chopping green fodder, greatly improve the wear resistance of the scimitar, and reduce the frequency of tool sticking during forage cutting.

[0115] The bolt reserved hole 11 is a waist-shaped hole with a hole length of 43 mm, which is convenient for adjusting the gap between the movable and fixed blades and the installation angle of the curved blade to meet the cutting length of different crops and has a wide range of applications.

[0116] Figure 8 In the cutting process, the blade inclination angle of the scimitar is 1-2°, so that the blade tips on both sides are located at the lowest point of the cutting blade. The blade tips on both sides do not directly bear the impact, which is beneficial to protecting the blade tips and improving the stress condition of the scimitar.

[0117] The opening angle of the machete blade is 28-33°, and the herringbone arrangement of the chopping drum is uniform, achieving the best sliding cutting effect, reducing power consumption and improving feed cutting efficiency.

[0118] like Fig. 9 As shown in the figure, the simplified chopping process is shown in the figure. After the fed forage stems are chopped by the chopping curved knife, the chopped forage stems are transported out as the curved knife rotates.

[0119] like Fig.10 As shown, the curve AB on the inner contact surface 5 is a cycloid, and the cycloid AB is a set of points on the trajectory of a base circle with a diameter of d when rolling along the tangent of the base circle, wherein the tangent of the base circle is fixed, and the angle between the tangent of the base circle and the straight line parallel to the X axis is 17°. This design allows the chopped feed to leave the cutting position at the fastest speed when the scimitar chops the feed, preventing the straw from flowing back and blocking the feed inlet.

[0120] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0121] The present invention is a bionic special-shaped chopping machete designed based on the shape and structure of the lower incisor of a beaver. In its structure, the main cutting plane adopts a special-shaped bionic design and is equipped with a cutting blade to achieve an efficient chopping function. The inner contact surface is a transition surface that connects the main cutting plane and the bottom mounting surface to make the overall structure smoother. The curve AB ensures that the straw material quickly leaves the cutting position to prevent clogging of the feed port. The top mounting surface is connected to the two side surfaces, and bolt reserved holes are provided on it to facilitate the adjustment of the gap between the moving and fixed blades and the installation angle of the machete. When the whole plant of forage material enters the chopping process, it comes into contact with the cutting surface of the machete, and the material is then crushed under the action of sliding or shearing. This design effectively reduces the cutting resistance and energy consumption, so that the forage stalks can be cut into segments at one time, thereby significantly improving the operating efficiency of the silage harvester.

[0122] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bionic forage chopping knife, characterized by: It comprises a blade back (2) and a blade head (4); The blade back (2) comprises a blade left side (1), a blade right side (3), a blade upper side (16), a top mounting surface (10) and a bottom mounting surface (12); The cutter head (4) comprises an outer secondary contact surface (9), an outer contact surface (8), a cutting edge (7), a main cutting plane (6), and an inner contact surface (5); the cutter head (4) is biomimetic from the curve of the lower incisor teeth of a beaver in nature; the inner contact surface (5) is located between the main cutting plane (6) and the bottom mounting surface (12), the outer secondary contact surface (9) is located between the outer contact surface (8) and the top mounting surface (10), and the cutting edge (7) is located between the main cutting plane (6) and the outer contact surface (8).

2. The bionic forage chopping knife according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left side surface (1) of the blade and the back side (2) of the blade form an inverted L-shaped blade; the right side surface (3) of the blade and the back side (2) of the blade form an inverted L-shaped blade.

3. The bionic forage chopping knife according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting blade (7) is a boundary curve of the main cutting plane (6) and the outer contact surface (8), and is a special-shaped bionic NURBS curve; the left and right end surfaces of the top mounting surface (10) are the left side surface (1) of the blade and the right side surface (3) of the blade respectively; the outer secondary contact surface (9) is a transitional curved surface between the top mounting surface (10) and the outer contact surface (8); the front end side of the top mounting surface (10) is a cutter head (4); the upper end surface of the main cutting plane (6) is an inner contact surface (5), and the lower end of the main cutting plane (6) is a cutting blade (7); The upper end of the top mounting surface (10) is designed as a blade upper side surface (16), and bolt reserved holes (11) are preset on the top mounting surface (10) and the bottom mounting surface (12).

4. The bionic forage chopping knife according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper side surface (16) of the blade is concave in the middle, and the shape of the upper side surface (16) of the blade is a trapezoid.

5. The bionic forage chopping knife according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left end point N of the cutting blade (7) is set as the center of the circle, and a spatial rectangular coordinate system o-xyz is established, where points A to N are the end points of the cutting surface curves, and O is the midpoint of the cutting blade (7); Points ABMN are the four endpoints of the main cutting plane (6) counting counterclockwise from right to left; Point BCLM is the four endpoints of the inner contact surface (5) counting counterclockwise from right to left; Points CFIL are the four endpoints of the bottom mounting surface (12) counted counterclockwise from right to left; Points EGHJ are the four endpoints of the top mounting surface (10) counted counterclockwise from right to left; Points DEJK are the four endpoints of the outer secondary contact surface (9) counting counterclockwise from right to left; Points ADKN are the four endpoints of the outer contact surface (8) counted counterclockwise from right to left; The cutting blade (7) is a curve with AN as an end point, and this curve is a special-shaped bionic NURBS curve.

6. The bionic forage chopping knife according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the projection on the XY plane on the left side of the spatial rectangular coordinate system o-xyz, the side curve ML on the inner contact surface (5) is a bionic curve, and its mathematical expression is: y1 = 0.0417x1 4 -1.8032x1 3 +28.983x1 2 -204.64x1+536.46, the rate of change in the plane is: y1′=0.1668x1 3 -5.4096x1 2 +57.966x1-204.64; x1 and y1 are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 9.4473073≤x1≤13.034872, 1.330945≤y1≤2.45029; The side curve NK on the outer contact surface (8) is a bionic curve, and its mathematical expression is: y2 = 0.0015x2 4 -0.0281x2 3 +0.1456x2 2 +0.722x2-0.1471, the rate of change in the plane is: y2′=0.006x2 3 -0.0843x2 2 +0.2912x2+0.722; x2 and y2 are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 0.263971≤x2≤10.163907, 0.05397≤y2≤8.62905; The side curve JK on the outer secondary contact surface (9) is a bionic curve, and its mathematical expression is: y3 = 0.0065x3 3 +0.3078x3 2 -8.6888x3+58.515, the rate of change in the plane is: y3′=0.0195x3 2 +0.6156x3-8.6888, where x3 and y3 are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system. 10.163907≤x3≤11.834902,8.62905≤y3≤9.562749; In the projection on the right XY plane, the curve AD on the outer contact surface (8) is a special-shaped bionic curve, and its mathematical expression is: y4=0.0002x4 4 -0.0038x4 3 +0.0164x4 2 +0.8857x4-0.5819, the rate of change in the plane is: y4′=0.0008x4 3 -0.0114x4 2 +0.0328x4+0.8857; x4 and y4 are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 0.632859≤x4≤10.785397, 0.06283≤y4≤8.562805; The curve BC on the inner contact surface (5) is a special-shaped bionic curve, and its mathematical expression is: y5 = -0.0607x5 4 +2.8027x5 3 -48.519x5 2 +373.67x5-1079.9, the rate of change in the plane is: y5′=-0.2428x5 3 +8.4081x5 2 -97.038x5+373.67, where x5 and y5 are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 10.156075≤x5≤13.148462, 1.245892≤y5≤2.114386; The side curve DE on the outer secondary contact surface (9) is a special-shaped bionic curve, and its mathematical expression is: y6 = -0.0024x6 4 +0.097x6 3 -1.5666x6 2 +12.484x6-33.569, the rate of change in the plane is: y6′=-0.0096x6 3 +0.291x6 2 -3.1332x6+12.484; x6 and y6 are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 10.785397≤x6≤13.072745, 8.562805≤y6≤9.594805.

7. The bionic forage chopping knife according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the projection on the XY plane on the left side of the spatial rectangular coordinate system o-xyz, the above mounting surface is the projection surface, that is, the projection on the XZ plane of the upper projection surface; The curve AN of the cutting edge (7) is a special-shaped bionic curve, and its mathematical expression is: x7=-6E-10 -10 z7 4 +6E-07z7 3 -9E-05z7 2 -0.0058z7-0.5051, the rate of change in the plane is: x7′=-24E-10 -10 z7 3 +18E-07z7 2 -18E-05z7-0.0058; x7 and z7 are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and -1.769472≤x7≤-0.513758, 0.8327589≤z7≤285.46782; The curve KD on the outer secondary contact surface (9) has the mathematical expression: x8=2E-05z8 2 -0.0059z8+9.4923, the rate of change in the plane is: x8′=4E-05z8-0.0059; where x8 and z8 are coordinate values ​​in the space coordinate system, and 9.072486≤x8≤9.482496, 2.093958≤z8≤283.783944; The curve JE on the outer secondary contact surface (9) is expressed mathematically as follows: x9=7E-05z 2 -0.0256z+12.47, the rate of change in the plane is: x9′=14E-05z-0.0256; where x9 and z9 are coordinate values ​​in the space coordinate system, and 10.324855≤x9≤12.43648, 2.923047≤z9≤280.3748.

8. The bionic forage chopping knife according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the projection on the XY plane on the left side of the spatial rectangular coordinate system o-xyz, the lower mounting surface is the projection surface, that is, the projection on the XZ plane of the lower projection surface; The curve BM on the inner contact surface (5) has the mathematical expression: 11 =-6E-09z 11 4 +3E-06z 11 3 -0.0004z 11 2 +0.0019z 11 +4.1614, the rate of change in the plane is: x 11 ′=-24E-09z 11 3 +9E-06z 11 2 -0.0008z 11 +0.0019; where x 11 、z 11 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 3.113758≤x 11 ≤4.532859, 1.723846≤z 11 ≤285.223748; The curve CL on the inner contact surface (5) has the mathematical expression: 12 =-3E-11z 12 5 +2E-08z 12 4 -5E-06z 12 3 +0.0006z 12 2 -0.0407z 12 +9.6805, the rate of change in the plane is: x 12 ′=-15E-11z 12 4 +8E-08z 12 3 -15E-06z 12 2 +0.0012z 12 -0.0407; where x 12 、z 12 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 7.523847≤x 12 ≤9.943748, 1.489035≤z 12 ≤284.042846; The curve BM on the inner contact surface (5) has the mathematical expression: 13 =-6E-09z 13 4 +3E-06z 13 3 -0.0004z 13 2 +0.0019z 13 +4.1614, the rate of change in the plane is: x 13 ′=-24E-09z 13 3 +9E-06z 13 2 -0.0008z 13 +0.0019; where x 13 、z 13 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 3.113758≤x 13 ≤4.532859, 1.723846≤z 13 ≤285.223748; The curve CL on the inner contact surface (5) has the mathematical expression: 14 =-3E-11z 14 5 +2E-08z 14 4 -5E-06z 14 3 +0.0006z 14 2 -0.0407z 14 +9.6805, the rate of change in the plane is: x 14 ′=-15E-11z 14 4 +8E-08z 14 3 -15E-06z 14 2 +0.0012z 14 -0.0407; where x 14 、z 14 All are coordinate values ​​in the spatial coordinate system, and 7.523847≤x 14 ≤9.943748, 1.489035≤z 14 ≤284.042846.

9. The bionic forage chopping knife according to claim 5, characterized in that: The curve AB on the inner contact surface (5) is a cycloid, which is a set of points on a trajectory drawn by a base circle with a diameter of d when rolling along the tangent of the base circle, wherein the tangent of the base circle is fixed, and the angle between the tangent of the base circle and the straight line parallel to the X-axis is 17°.

10. The bionic forage chopping knife according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting edges (7) have different heights on both sides, with the left cutting edge being 0.5-0.83 mm higher than the right cutting edge; The scimitar material is 65Mn, and there is an AlTiCN coating on the surface of the scimitar, the thickness of the AlTiCN coating is 2-20 μm; the nanohardness of the AlTiCN coating is ≥20 GPa; The bolt reserved hole (11) is a waist-shaped hole with a hole length of 43 mm; The blade inclination angle of the scimitar is 1-2°, and the blade opening angle of the scimitar is 28-33°.

Images