Device for first-aid fixation of rib fracture and minimally invasive surgery method

Abstract

The invention discloses first-aid fixing equipment for rib fracture and a minimally invasive surgery method.The first-aid fixing equipment comprises a cylindrical shell, a drill bit is rotationally installed at the top of the cylindrical shell through a bearing, an axial through hole is formed in the middle of the drill bit, an upper baffle and a lower baffle are installed in the cylindrical shell, and a needle rod penetrates through the upper baffle and the lower baffle; a wafer is fixedly installed on the needle rod and located between the upper baffle and the lower baffle, the needle rod is sleeved with a spring, and the spring abuts against the position between the lower baffle and the wafer. According to the first-aid fixing equipment for rib fracture, the motor drives the drill bit to rotate, when a hole is drilled through, the spring enables the needle rod to reset, the copper elastic piece is separated from the copper sheet, the circuit connected with the motor is disconnected, and the drill bit automatically stops rotating, so that the situation that the drill bit hurts the lung is avoided. The rivets penetrate through ribs and then are fixed through the rivet gun, then the tail ends of the rivets are mutually fixed through the fixing rod, the integrity of the chest wall is remodeled, the body surface wound is small, the thoracic membrane does not need to be opened, and the advantages of being simple, convenient, attractive and safe are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a device for emergency fixation of rib fractures and a minimally invasive surgical method. Background Art

[0002] At present, the treatment of rib fractures is open reduction and internal fixation surgery, which includes traditional surface incisions to expose the rib surface, rib plates placed on the rib surface, and special intramedullary nails for fixation, but it is traumatic and unsightly. The emerging thoracoscopy uses an internal fixation embracing device, but it is inconvenient to perform field thoracoscopy and has poor fixation effects on comminuted fracture stumps.

[0003] For this purpose, we design a device for emergency fixation of rib fractures. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for emergency fixation of rib fractures in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, so as to solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a device for emergency fixation of rib fractures, comprising a cylindrical shell, a drill bit is rotatably mounted on the top of the cylindrical shell through a bearing, an axial through hole is opened in the middle of the drill bit, and a needle rod is arranged in the through hole, an upper baffle plate and a lower baffle plate are installed inside the cylindrical shell, the needle rod passes through the upper and lower baffle plates, a disc is fixedly mounted on the needle rod, the disc is located between the upper and lower baffle plates, a spring is sleeved on the needle rod, and the spring is pressed between the lower baffle plate and the disc;

[0006] A fixing plate is installed inside the cylindrical shell, and a copper shrapnel and a copper sheet are installed on the fixing plate. The copper shrapnel is located above the copper sheet and does not contact the copper sheet, and the bottom end of the needle rod contacts the top of the copper shrapnel. A battery box is provided inside the cylindrical shell, and a battery is installed in the battery box. A motor is installed inside the cylindrical shell, and a switch is installed on the side wall of the cylindrical shell. The positive and negative poles of the battery box are respectively connected to a pin of the switch and the copper sheet through a wire, and the other pin of the switch is connected to a pin of the motor through a wire, and the other pin of the motor is connected to the copper shrapnel through a wire.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom end of the drill bit is arranged inside the cylindrical housing, and gears are installed on the bottom end of the drill bit and the output shaft of the motor, and the two gears are meshed with each other.

[0008] Preferably, the device also includes a fixed bracket, which is composed of a rivet, an external fixing steel rod and a connecting piece. The radius of the tail end of the rivet is equal to the radius of the external fixing steel rod. The tail end of the rivet and the external fixing steel rod, as well as the two external fixing steel rods, can be fixedly connected by the connecting piece.

[0009] Preferably, the connecting part includes an upper cylinder, a lower cylinder, a butterfly bolt and a butterfly nut. The upper cylinder is placed on the lower cylinder, and the axes of the two cylinders coincide. The contact surfaces of the two cylinders are provided with annularly distributed teeth, and the teeth of the two cylinders can mesh with each other. Axial through holes are opened at the axial positions of the two cylinders. The screw of the butterfly bolt passes through the axial through holes of the two cylinders at the same time and cooperates with the butterfly nut. Through holes are opened on the sides of the two cylinders, and the through holes are staggered with the axial through holes. The radius of the through holes is equal to the radius of the external fixing steel rod.

[0010] Preferably, the top end of the needle rod exceeds the top end of the drill bit by about 2-4 mm, and the distance from the bottom end of the needle rod to the fixing plate is equal to the length of the top end of the needle rod exceeding the top end of the drill bit.

[0011] A minimally invasive surgical method for emergency fixation of rib fractures, comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1: Use a drilling machine to drill holes in the broken ribs;

[0013] S2: insert rivets at the punched holes;

[0014] S3: Then, two adjacent rivets are connected and fixed through the bracket, thereby completing the fixation of the ribs.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a device for emergency fixation of rib fractures, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] This device for emergency fixation of rib fractures, when drilling with a drill bit, the needle rod will be completely squeezed into the drill bit, the bottom end of the needle rod squeezes the copper shrapnel, making it contact with the copper sheet, connecting the circuit path of the motor, and the motor drives the drill bit to rotate. When the hole is drilled through, the spring resets the needle rod, the copper shrapnel is separated from the copper sheet, the circuit connecting the motor is disconnected, and the drill bit automatically stops, thereby preventing the drill bit from damaging the lungs. After the rivets are passed through the ribs, they are fixed with a rivet gun, and the tail ends of the rivets are fixed to each other through a fixing rod to reshape the integrity of the chest wall, with a small wound on the body surface and no need to open the pleural membrane. It has the characteristics of simplicity, beauty and safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cylindrical shell of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of point A of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing bracket of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing member of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing member of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the rivet of the present invention.

[0024] Figure numerals: 1. cylindrical shell; 2. bearing; 3. drill bit; 4. motor; 5. gear; 6. upper baffle; 7. lower baffle; 8. needle rod; 9. disc; 10. spring; 11. fixing plate; 12. copper spring; 13. copper sheet; 14. battery box; 15. switch; 16. rivet; 17. external fixing steel rod; 18. connecting part; 18-1. upper cylinder; 18-2. lower cylinder; 18-3. butterfly bolt; 18-4. butterfly nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 In this embodiment: a device for emergency fixation of rib fractures comprises a cylindrical shell 1, a drill bit 3 is rotatably mounted on the top of the cylindrical shell 1 through a bearing 2, an axial through hole is opened in the middle of the drill bit 3, and a needle rod 8 is arranged in the through hole, an upper baffle 6 and a lower baffle 7 are installed inside the cylindrical shell 1, the needle rod 8 passes through the upper and lower baffles, a disc 9 is fixedly mounted on the needle rod 8, the disc 9 is located between the upper and lower baffles, a spring 10 is sleeved on the needle rod 8, and the spring 10 is pressed between the lower baffle 7 and the disc 9;

[0027] A fixing plate 11 is installed inside the cylindrical shell 1, and a copper shrapnel 12 and a copper sheet 13 are installed on the fixing plate 11. The copper shrapnel 12 is located above the copper sheet 13 and does not contact the copper sheet 13. The bottom end of the needle rod 8 contacts the top of the copper shrapnel 12. A battery box 14 is provided inside the cylindrical shell 1. The battery box 14 contains batteries. A motor 4 is installed inside the cylindrical shell 1. A switch 15 is installed on the side wall of the cylindrical shell 1. The positive and negative poles of the battery box 14 are respectively connected to one pin of the switch 15 and the copper sheet 13 through a wire, the other pin of the switch 15 is connected to one pin of the motor 4 through a wire, and the other pin of the motor 4 is connected to the copper shrapnel 12 through a wire.

[0028] The bottom end of the drill bit 3 is arranged inside the cylindrical housing 1 , and gears 5 are installed on the bottom end of the drill bit 3 and the output shaft of the motor 4 , and the two gears 5 are meshed with each other.

[0029] The device also includes a fixing bracket, which is composed of a rivet 16, an external fixing steel rod 17 and a connecting piece 18. The radius of the tail end of the rivet 16 is equal to the radius of the external fixing steel rod 17. The tail end of the rivet 16 and the external fixing steel rod 17, as well as the two external fixing steel rods 17, can be fixedly connected by the connecting piece 18.

[0030] The connecting member 18 includes an upper cylinder 18-1, a lower cylinder 18-2, a butterfly bolt 18-3 and a butterfly nut 18-4. The upper cylinder 18-1 is placed on the lower cylinder 18-2, and the axes of the two cylinders coincide. The contact surfaces of the two cylinders are provided with annularly distributed teeth, and the teeth of the two cylinders can mesh with each other. Axial through holes are opened at the axial positions of the two cylinders. The screw of the butterfly bolt 18-3 passes through the axial through holes of the two cylinders at the same time and cooperates with the butterfly nut 18-4. Through holes are opened on the sides of the two cylinders, and the through holes are staggered with the axial through holes. The radius of the through holes is equal to the radius of the external fixing steel rod 17.

[0031] The top end of the needle rod 8 exceeds the top end of the drill bit 3 by about 2-4 mm, and the distance from the bottom end of the needle rod 8 to the fixing plate 11 is equal to the length of the top end of the needle rod 8 exceeding the top end of the drill bit 3.

[0032] The working principle and use process of the present invention are as follows: during the use of the device for emergency fixation of rib fractures, when drilling a hole on the rib, the rib presses the top end of the needle rod 8 into the inside of the drill bit 3, and the bottom end of the needle rod 8 squeezes the copper spring sheet 12, making it contact with the copper sheet 13, connecting the circuit path of the motor 4, and the motor 4 drives the drill bit 3 to rotate. When the hole is drilled through, the squeezing of the needle rod 8 by the rib disappears, and the spring 10 returns the top end of the needle rod 8 to its original position through elastic force, and the copper spring sheet 12 bounces open and separates from the copper sheet 13, disconnecting the circuit connected to the motor 4, and the drill bit 3 stops rotating. After pulling out the drill bit 3, the head of the rivet 16 is inserted into the drill hole, and the head of the rivet 16 is propped open with a rivet gun. Finally, all the rivets 16 are fixedly connected with the external fixing steel rod 17 and the connecting piece 18, and the rib fixation is completed.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for emergency fixation of rib fractures, comprising a cylindrical housing (1), characterized in that: A drill bit (3) is rotatably mounted on the top of the cylindrical shell (1) via a bearing (2); an axial through hole is opened in the middle of the drill bit (3), and a needle rod (8) is arranged in the through hole; an upper baffle plate (6) and a lower baffle plate (7) are installed inside the cylindrical shell (1); the needle rod (8) passes through the upper and lower baffle plates; a disc (9) is fixedly mounted on the needle rod (8); the disc (9) is located between the upper and lower baffle plates; a spring (10) is sleeved on the needle rod (8), and the spring (10) is pressed between the lower baffle plate (7) and the disc (9); A fixing plate (11) is installed inside the cylindrical shell (1), and a copper spring (12) and a copper sheet (13) are installed on the fixing plate (11). The copper spring (12) is located above the copper sheet (13) and does not contact the copper sheet (13). The bottom end of the needle rod (8) contacts the top of the copper spring (12). A battery box (14) is arranged inside the cylindrical shell (1), and a battery is installed in the battery box (14). A motor (4) is installed inside the cylindrical shell (1). A switch (15) is installed on the side wall of the cylindrical shell (1). The positive and negative poles of the battery box (14) are respectively connected to a pin of the switch (15) and the copper sheet (13) through a wire, the other pin of the switch (15) is connected to a pin of the motor (4) through a wire, and the other pin of the motor (4) is connected to the copper spring (12) through a wire.

2. The device for emergency fixation of rib fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the drill bit (3) is arranged inside the cylindrical housing (1), and gears (5) are installed on the bottom end of the drill bit (3) and the output shaft of the motor (4), and the two gears (5) are meshed with each other.

3. The device for emergency fixation of rib fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a fixing bracket, which is composed of a rivet (16), an external fixing steel rod (17) and a connecting piece (18). The radius of the tail end of the rivet (16) is equal to the radius of the external fixing steel rod (17). The tail end of the rivet (16) and the external fixing steel rod (17), as well as the two external fixing steel rods (17) can be fixedly connected by the connecting piece (18).

4. The device for emergency fixation of rib fractures according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting member (18) comprises an upper cylinder (18-1), a lower cylinder (18-2), a butterfly bolt (18-3) and a butterfly nut (18-4); the upper cylinder (18-1) is placed on the lower cylinder (18-2), and the axes of the two cylinders coincide; the contact surfaces of the two cylinders are provided with teeth distributed in an annular pattern, and the teeth of the two cylinders can mesh with each other; axial through holes are provided at the axis positions of the two cylinders; the screw rods of the butterfly bolts (18-3) simultaneously pass through the axial through holes of the two cylinders and cooperate with the butterfly nuts (18-4); through holes are provided on the sides of the two cylinders, and the through holes are staggered with the axial through holes; the radius of the through holes is equal to the radius of the external fixing steel rod (17).

5. The device for emergency fixation of rib fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the needle rod (8) exceeds the top end of the drill bit (3) by about 2-4 mm, and the distance from the bottom end of the needle rod (8) to the fixing plate (11) is equal to the length of the top end of the needle rod (8) exceeding the top end of the drill bit (3).

6. A minimally invasive surgical method for emergency fixation of rib fractures, comprising a device for emergency fixation of rib fractures as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Use a drilling machine to drill holes in the broken ribs; S2: inserting a rivet (17) into the punched hole; S3: Then, two adjacent rivets (17) are connected and fixed by the bracket, thus completing the fixation of the rib.

Images