Heat-insulation waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building thermal insulation materials, in particular to a thermal insulation waterproof type nano flame-retardant composite material and a preparation method thereof. The material comprises the following components: 14-19% of nano active aluminum silicate, 7-16% of nano carbon aerogel fiber, 10-15% of aluminum ash nano whisker, 15-25% of nano sepiolite, 3-5% of nano lanthanum titanate, 3-5% of nano cerium titanate, 12-19% of nano silicon-aluminum sol, 15-19% of nano calcium silicate fiber and 3-10% of water. The selected materials are mixed, dispersed and cured to prepare a coating or putty paste; and after the A-grade flame-retardant nano waterproof thermal insulation material is dried, the normal-temperature heat conductivity coefficient is lower than 0.029 w / m.k. The invention provides a heat-insulation waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material and a preparation method thereof. The heat-insulation waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material is used for building heat insulation, can be directly sprayed or scraped on the inner and outer walls of a building, is water-based and environment-friendly, is high in adhesive force with a building main body after being dried, is ultrathin, is integrated with a building maintenance structure, and is waterproof, heat-insulation and A-level flame-retardant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building thermal insulation materials, in particular to a heat-insulating, heat-preserving and waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] For traditional building insulation materials, thermal conductivity and flame retardancy are two contradictory properties. It is difficult for materials with low thermal conductivity to achieve Class A flame retardancy, while materials that achieve Class A flame retardancy have high thermal conductivity. In addition, organic foam boards, rock wool boards, foamed cement boards, polyurethane foam boards and other boards are not compatible with concrete wall materials and cannot form an integrated structure. After a period of use, they will fall off and peel off. Although nano-insulation materials made of high-quality insulation raw materials such as aerogels and hollow microspheres have appeared in recent years, most of them use organic film-forming materials or adhesives. Although the insulation effect is good, they cannot meet the Class A flame retardancy requirements. Many pure inorganic insulation materials not only have high thermal conductivity, but also have high water absorption and poor waterproof effect.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a nano thermal insulation composite material with low thermal conductivity, high flame retardancy and waterproofness. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of traditional building insulation material technology and provide a heat-insulating, heat-preserving and waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material and a preparation method thereof. The thermal conductivity of the board at room temperature is less than 0.029w / mk. It is used for building insulation and can be directly sprayed or scraped on the inner and outer walls of the building. It is water-based and environmentally friendly. After drying, it has strong adhesion to the main body of the building, ultra-thin thickness, is integrated with the building maintenance structure, is waterproof and heat-preserving, and is Class A flame-retardant.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the present invention is: a heat-insulating, heat-preserving and waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material, which is composed of the following components in percentage: 14-19% of nano active aluminum silicate, 7-16% of nano carbon aerogel fiber, 10-15% of aluminum gray nano whisker, 15-25% of nano sepiolite, 3-5% of nano lanthanum titanate, 3-5% of nano cerium titanate, 12-19% of nano silicate aluminum sol, 15-19% of nano calcium silicate fiber and 3-10% of water.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention: the nano-active aluminum silicate is nano-aluminum silicate powder calcined at 1100°C.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: the nano carbon aerogel fiber has a linear diameter ratio greater than 100 and a thermal conductivity coefficient less than 0.02w / mk.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: the aluminum ash nano whiskers are aluminum ash whiskers fired at high temperature, and the whisker mass content is greater than 50%.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the nano-sepiolite is sepiolite nanofiber treated with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the particle size of the nano-lanthanum titanate ranges from 30 to 100 nanometers.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the particle size of the nano-cerium titanate is in the range of 20 to 80 nanometers.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the nano-silicate aluminum sol is an alkaline sol.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the size of the nano calcium silicate fiber is 0 to 3 mm.

[0014] A method for preparing a heat-insulating, thermal-preserving and waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1: dilute sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate with water to a concentration of 10%, add sepiolite nanofibers in a weight ratio of 1:3, soak for 72 hours, grind for 2 hours, and obtain nano sepiolite.

[0016] S2: Mix, disperse, grind and mature nano-calcium silicate fibers and water components in a certain ratio, such as nano-active aluminum silicate, nano-carbon aerogel fibers, aluminum ash nano-whiskers, nano-sepiolite, nano-lanthanum titanate, nano-cerium titanate, nano-silica aluminum sol, nano-calcium silicate fibers and water components for 24 hours to obtain a heat-insulating, heat-preserving and waterproof nano-flame-retardant composite material with a room-temperature thermal conductivity coefficient of less than 0.029w / mk.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0018] The present invention effectively solves the long-standing industry pain point of the contradiction between high thermal conductivity and Class A flame retardancy of traditional building thermal insulation profiles.

[0019] The present invention solves the contradiction between the service life of the building thermal insulation material and the main body, so that the thermal insulation material can have the same service life as the building main body.

[0020] The invention realizes that the building thermal insulation material is environmentally friendly and non-toxic, and there is no pollution in the production process.

[0021] The invention realizes a low-carbon production process of building thermal insulation materials which is simple, safe, reliable and cost-effective. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A-class flame retardant nano waterproof thermal insulation material microstructure of a heat insulation and waterproof nano flame retardant composite material and its preparation method of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0023] Figure 2 A-class flame retardant nano waterproof thermal insulation material microstructure of a heat insulation and waterproof nano flame retardant composite material and its preparation method of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0024] Figure 3 The present invention is a production process flow chart of a heat-insulating, thermal-preserving and waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material and a preparation method thereof. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be further described below.

[0026] Embodiment 1:

[0027] The invention discloses a heat-insulating, heat-preserving and waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material, which comprises 15% of nano active aluminum silicate, 10% of nano carbon aerogel fiber, 15% of aluminum gray nano whisker, 20% of nano sepiolite, 3% of nano lanthanum titanate, 3% of nano cerium titanate, 12% of nano silica-alumina sol, 15% of nano calcium silicate fiber and 7% of water.

[0028] Among them: nano-active aluminum silicate is nano-aluminum silicate powder calcined at 1100°C, nano-carbon aerogel fiber has a line diameter ratio greater than 100 and a thermal conductivity less than 0.02w / mk, aluminum ash nano whiskers are aluminum ash whiskers sintered at high temperature, and the whisker mass content is greater than 50%, nano-sepiolite is sepiolite nanofiber treated with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, nano-lanthanum titanate, the particle size range is 30 to 100 nanometers, nano-cerium titanate, the particle size range is 20 to 80 nanometers, nano-silica aluminum sol is an alkaline sol, and the size of nano-calcium silicate fiber is 0 to 3mm.

[0029] The method for preparing the above-mentioned heat-insulating, thermal-preserving and waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material comprises the following steps:

[0030] S1: dilute sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate with water to a concentration of 10%, add sepiolite nanofibers in a weight ratio of 1:3, soak for 72 hours, grind for 2 hours, and obtain nano sepiolite fibers.

[0031] S2: Mix, disperse, grind and mature nano-calcium silicate fibers and water components according to a certain ratio, including nano-active aluminum silicate, nano-carbon aerogel fibers, aluminum ash nano-whiskers, nano-sepiolite, nano-lanthanum titanate, nano-cerium titanate, nano-silica aluminum sol, nano-calcium silicate fibers and water for 24 hours to obtain a heat-insulating, thermal-preserving and waterproof nano-flame-retardant composite material.

[0032] The thermal conductivity of the material at room temperature is 0.009w / mk and the water absorption rate is 5%.

[0033] Embodiment 2:

[0034] The invention discloses a heat-insulating, heat-preserving and waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material, which comprises 13% of nano active aluminum silicate, 11% of nano carbon aerogel fiber, 13% of aluminum gray nano whisker, 19% of nano sepiolite, 3% of nano lanthanum titanate, 3% of nano cerium titanate, 15% of nano silica-aluminum sol, 18% of nano calcium silicate fiber and 5% of water.

[0035] Among them: nano-active aluminum silicate is nano-aluminum silicate powder calcined at 1100°C, nano-carbon aerogel fiber has a line diameter ratio greater than 100 and a thermal conductivity less than 0.02w / mk, aluminum ash nano whiskers are aluminum ash whiskers sintered at high temperature, and the whisker mass content is greater than 50%, nano-sepiolite is sepiolite nanofiber treated with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, nano-lanthanum titanate, the particle size range is 30 to 100 nanometers, nano-cerium titanate, the particle size range is 20 to 80 nanometers, nano-silica aluminum sol is an alkaline sol, and the size of nano-calcium silicate fiber is 0 to 3mm.

[0036] The method for preparing the above-mentioned heat-insulating, thermal-preserving and waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material comprises the following steps:

[0037] S1: dilute sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate with water to a concentration of 10%, add sepiolite nanofibers in a weight ratio of 1:3, soak for 72 hours, grind for 2 hours, and obtain nano sepiolite fibers.

[0038] S2: Mix, disperse, grind and mature nano-calcium silicate fibers and water components according to a certain ratio, including nano-active aluminum silicate, nano-carbon aerogel fibers, aluminum ash nano-whiskers, nano-sepiolite, nano-lanthanum titanate, nano-cerium titanate, nano-silica aluminum sol, nano-calcium silicate fibers and water for 24 hours to obtain a heat-insulating, thermal-preserving and waterproof nano-flame-retardant composite material.

[0039] The thermal conductivity of the material at room temperature is 0.013w / mk and the water absorption rate is 3%.

[0040] Embodiment 3:

[0041] The invention discloses a heat-insulating, heat-preserving and waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material, which comprises 11% of nano active aluminum silicate, 9% of nano carbon aerogel fiber, 12% of aluminum gray nano whisker, 16% of nano sepiolite, 5% of nano lanthanum titanate, 5% of nano cerium titanate, 13% of nano silica-aluminum sol, 14% of nano calcium silicate fiber and 5% of water.

[0042] Among them: nano-active aluminum silicate is nano-aluminum silicate powder calcined at 1100°C, nano-carbon aerogel fiber has a line diameter ratio greater than 100 and a thermal conductivity less than 0.02w / mk, aluminum ash nano whiskers are aluminum ash whiskers sintered at high temperature, and the whisker mass content is greater than 50%, nano-sepiolite is sepiolite nanofiber treated with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, nano-lanthanum titanate, the particle size range is 30 to 100 nanometers, nano-cerium titanate, the particle size range is 20 to 80 nanometers, nano-silica aluminum sol is an alkaline sol, and the size of nano-calcium silicate fiber is 0 to 3mm.

[0043] The method for preparing the above-mentioned heat-insulating, thermal-preserving and waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material comprises the following steps:

[0044] S1: dilute sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate with water to a concentration of 10%, add sepiolite nanofibers in a weight ratio of 1:3, soak for 72 hours, grind for 2 hours, and obtain nano sepiolite fibers.

[0045] S2: Mix, disperse, grind and mature nano-calcium silicate fibers and water components according to a certain ratio, including nano-active aluminum silicate, nano-carbon aerogel fibers, aluminum ash nano-whiskers, nano-sepiolite, nano-lanthanum titanate, nano-cerium titanate, nano-silica aluminum sol, nano-calcium silicate fibers and water for 24 hours to obtain a heat-insulating, thermal-preserving and waterproof nano-flame-retardant composite material.

[0046] The thermal conductivity of the material at room temperature is 0.012w / mk and the water absorption rate is 4%.

[0047] The material principle is as follows:

[0048] Carbon aerogel has extremely low thermal conductivity, which can reach as low as 0.015w / mk, while the treated nano-sepiolite fiber has a micro-tunnel structure and has a high reflectivity to infrared. In particular, the addition of nano-calcium silicate fiber greatly increases the entropy value of the material as a whole, which greatly blocks the propagation of molecular thermal motion. Aluminum gray nano-whiskers also have high reflectivity in the near-infrared region. Titanates, especially rare earth titanates (lanthanum titanate, cerium titanate), reach the nanoscale and are ground and reacted with other materials in a liquid environment to reach the molecular cluster level and high surface area. Its infrared reflection and other optical properties and microscopic chelation make the entire material have long-term stability, and countless nano-sized micro-long tunnel crystal phases are formed at the microscopic level. The thermal conductivity of this structure is very low, less than 0.03w / mk.

[0049] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat-insulating, heat-preserving and waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material, characterized in that: The composition is as follows in percentage: 14-19% of nano-active aluminum silicate, 7-16% of nano-carbon aerogel fiber, 10-15% of aluminum gray nano-whiskers, 15-25% of nano-sepiolite, 3-5% of nano-lanthanum titanate, 3-5% of nano-cerium titanate, 12-19% of nano-silica aluminum sol, 15-19% of nano-calcium silicate fiber and 3-10% of water.

2. The heat-insulating, heat-preserving and waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nano-active aluminum silicate is nano-aluminum silicate powder calcined at 1100°C.

3. The heat-insulating, thermal-preserving and waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nano carbon aerogel fiber has a linear diameter ratio greater than 100 and a thermal conductivity coefficient less than 0.02w / mk.

4. The heat-insulating, thermal-preserving and waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum ash nano whisker is an aluminum ash whisker fired at a high temperature, and the whisker mass content is greater than 50%.

5. The heat-insulating, thermal-preserving and waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nano-sepiolite is sepiolite nanofiber treated with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.

6. The heat-insulating, thermal-preserving and waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the nano-lanthanum titanate ranges from 30 to 100 nanometers.

7. The heat-insulating, thermal-preserving and waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the nano-cerium titanate is in the range of 20 to 80 nanometers.

8. The heat-insulating, thermal-preserving and waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nano-silica-alumina sol is an alkaline sol.

9. The heat-insulating, thermal-preserving and waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the nano calcium silicate fiber is 0-3 mm.

10. A method for preparing a heat-insulating, thermal-preserving and waterproof nano flame-retardant composite material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: dilute sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate with water to a concentration of 10%, add sepiolite nanofibers in a weight ratio of 1:3, soak for 72 hours, grind for 2 hours, and obtain nano sepiolite. S2: Mix, disperse, grind and mature nano-calcium silicate fibers and water components in a certain ratio, such as nano-active aluminum silicate, nano-carbon aerogel fibers, aluminum ash nano-whiskers, nano-sepiolite, nano-lanthanum titanate, nano-cerium titanate, nano-silica aluminum sol, nano-calcium silicate fibers and water components for 24 hours to obtain a heat-insulating, heat-preserving and waterproof nano-flame-retardant composite material with a room-temperature thermal conductivity coefficient of less than 0.029w / mk.

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