Structure of slag discharging device of pneumatic down-hole hammer

Abstract

A structure of a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer slag discharging device is characterized in that a slag discharging barrel with rotational freedom is arranged at the bottom of a drill rod, a positioning seat is arranged on a rotating rod on the upper portion of the slag discharging barrel, and a plurality of annular air bag belts are arranged on the positioning seat and used for blocking engineering holes. External compressed port air is conveyed to a vibration exciter of the down-hole hammer to work through a compressed air inlet hole in the center of the drill rod, and the down-hole hammer can adapt to engineering apertures with variable diameters, apertures with certain errors of the diameters and local falling apertures on the wall of a drill hole, and has a good sealing effect, so that the utilization rate of compressed air is increased, and the service life of the down-hole hammer is prolonged. The energy loss is reduced, and meanwhile, the deslagging efficiency and effect are also improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of down-the-hole hammer slag removal, and more specifically to a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer slag removal device. Background Art

[0002] In order to improve the bearing capacity and ability to resist natural disasters, projects such as railways, highways and bridges require that the foundation piles be embedded below the fresh bedrock surface, and down-the-hole hammers are usually used for construction. Some other construction projects also require the use of pneumatic down-the-hole hammers to pre-drill pile holes during the foundation pile construction process.

[0003] The pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is a down-the-hole hammer powered by compressed air. The impact energy and impact frequency it generates can be directly transmitted to the drill bit, and then driven by the rotation of the drilling rig and drill rod, forming a pulsating crushing ability for the rock. At the same time, the compressed air discharged by the impactor is used to cool the drill bit and discharge the crushed rock particles out of the hole, thereby achieving the purpose of bottom hole impact rotary drilling. In the drilling of pneumatic down-the-hole hammer, air lift positive and reverse circulation and spiral rod composite slag removal are used. Specifically, the spiral blade is used to carry the slag and the air flow of the air compressor is used to blow the slag to the lower spiral blade through the impactor. The slag rises with the rotation of the spiral blade and is carried out of the hole to achieve clear discharge. Therefore, the slag discharge capacity is completely dependent on the air flow of the air compressor. To enhance the slag discharge capacity, a larger air compressor must be configured, resulting in greater power consumption and higher pin hole costs. In addition, when drilling, slag is discharged directly from the hole mouth, there is a lot of dust flying, and the working environment is poor, which affects the health of the operator and the service life of the equipment. In addition, the slag is discharged by the spiral blade. As the drilling depth increases, the spiral drill rod is constantly lengthened, which puts higher requirements on the drilling machine and leads to higher drilling costs. In summary, how to reduce the power consumption required for slag discharge to reduce the drilling cost is an urgent problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field. For this reason, Beijing CSR Times Locomotive and Rolling Stock Machinery Co., Ltd. has disclosed an invention patent with patent application number 2014100749477 and authorization announcement number CN103790513B (authorization announcement date 2016.02.24). The invention technology has a certain effect in reducing the power consumption required for slag discharge and reducing the drilling cost. However, since the compressed air in the drilling hole and the space outside the slag discharge barrel is open and flows, a large amount of compressed air is wasted in vain, so there is still a serious problem of compressed air waste and high power consumption. In addition, part of the slag is directly blown into the working space by compressed air from the space between the drilling hole wall and the outer wall of the slag discharge barrel. There are still defects such as abundant ash flying fields and poor working environment, which affect the health of operators and the service life of equipment. In order to overcome the above defects, the disclosed technology of China Patent Application No. 202110596133:X and International Invention Publication No. WO2005061843A1, by setting a plugging device at the orifice to allow the ash to be discharged from a specific space, overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art by reducing compressed air consumption and increasing the slag discharge air pressure. However, the disclosed technology still has certain defects, mainly that the diameter of the orifice plugging device is fixed and unchanged, but due to a certain error in the hole diameter, including local detachment of the borehole wall, etc., the sealing effect is poor, thereby reducing the utilization rate of compressed air and increasing energy loss, and also reducing the efficiency and effect of slag discharge. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned purpose is: A structure of a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer slag removal device, which includes a drill rod, the bottom of the drill rod is connected and fixed to the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer through a connector, a compressed air through hole is formed in the center of the drill rod, and the compressed air through hole is a channel for external compressed air to enter the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer and drive it to work, and a slag removal bucket is installed at the bottom position of the drill rod through the center hole at the bottom thereof, and further, the slag removal bucket has only a relative rotational degree of freedom relative to the drill rod, and has no freedom of sliding up and down. Since the drill rod and the slag removal bucket cannot slide up and down, they can only slide relative to each other. The slag discharge bucket has no freedom of rotation with the drill rod, so when the drill rod drives the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer to work, the slag discharge bucket does not rotate with the drill rod, thereby minimizing energy consumption. A positioning seat is sleeved and installed on the drill rod at the upper position of the slag discharge bucket opening. Furthermore, the positioning seat has only the freedom of rotation with respect to the drill rod, but no freedom of sliding up and down. A flange protruding from the outer circle of the positioning seat is formed at the bottom of the positioning seat, and one or more annular airbag belts are sleeved and installed on the outer circle of the positioning seat. When there are two or more annular airbag belts, In the present invention, an annular isolation plate is arranged between each annular airbag belt, and the annular isolation plate is sleeved on the outer circle of the positioning seat through the circular through hole in the middle thereof, and an annular pressing plate is sleeved on the outer circle of the uppermost outer circle of the positioning seat. In the natural state, the upper plane of the annular pressing plate is lower than the upper plane of the positioning seat, and the convex gland is sleeved and installed on the drill rod through the through hole in the middle thereof, and the mouth of the convex gland is upward, the inner port of the convex gland is sleeved on the outer circle of the upper end of the positioning seat, and the lower end face of the convex gland is pressed on the upper plane of the annular pressing plate, and the convex gland is relative to the drill rod at the same time It has the freedom to slide up and down and the freedom to rotate relative to each other. A spring is sleeved and installed on the drill rod at the upper end of the bulging cover, and a positioning sleeve is sleeved and installed on the drill rod at the upper end of the spring. The positioning sleeve is connected and fixed to the drill rod with bolts, and the positioning sleeve pre-adjusts the degree of compression of the compression spring before fixing. A plurality of exhaust holes are formed on the bulging cover, and a vent hole that passes through from top to bottom is formed on the positioning sleeve. A connecting pipe is fixedly installed at the lower end of the vent hole, and the lower end of the connecting pipe is placed in the slag discharge bucket and is lower than the upper mouth of the slag discharge bucket.

[0005] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: external compressed air is delivered to the vibrator of the down-the-hole hammer through the compressed air inlet hole in the center of the drill rod, and at the same time, the drill rod drives the down-the-hole hammer to drill an engineering hole. As the drilling depth increases, the components installed on the drill rod are also brought into the engineering hole by the drill rod, and then the engineering hole is also blocked by the annular airbag belt. Since the annular airbag bag itself has the ability to expand and contract, it can adapt to engineering holes of a certain aperture.

[0006] Beneficial effects: The invention can adapt to engineering apertures with varying diameters, apertures with certain diameter errors, including apertures with local detachment on the borehole wall, and has a good sealing effect, thereby improving the utilization rate of compressed air, reducing energy loss, and also improving the efficiency and effect of slag removal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Attached Figure 1 It is a structural principle diagram of the present invention; As shown in the figure: 1 is the drill pipe, 2 is the positioning sleeve, 3 is the exhaust hole, 4 is the vent hole, 5 is the annular pressure plate, 6 is the annular air bag belt, 7 is the annular isolation plate, 8 is the flange, 9 is the connecting pipe, 10 is the engineering hole, 11 is the down-the-hole hammer, 12 is the connecting head, 13 is the slag discharge bucket, 14 is the hat-type pressure cover, 15 is the positioning sleeve, 16 is the spring, 17 is the bolt, and 18 is the compressed air inlet hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0008] Combination Figure 1 , the specific implementation mode of the present invention is: The structure of a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer slag removal device comprises a drill rod (1), the bottom of the drill rod (1) is connected and fixed to the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer (11) via a connector (12), and a compressed air through hole (18) is formed at the center of the drill rod (1). The compressed air through hole (18) is a channel for inputting external compressed air, so that the external compressed air can enter the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer (11) and drive it to work.

[0009] The slag discharge bucket (13) is installed at the bottom of the drill rod (1) through the center hole at the bottom thereof. Furthermore, the slag discharge bucket (13) has only the freedom to rotate relative to the drill rod (1) but has no freedom to slide up and down. Since the drill rod (1) and the slag discharge bucket (13) cannot slide up and down but can only rotate relative to each other, when the drill rod (1) drives the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer (11) to work, the slag discharge bucket (13) will not rotate with the drill rod (1), thereby minimizing energy consumption.

[0010] A positioning seat (15) is sleeved and installed on the drill rod (1) at the upper position of the opening of the slag discharge bucket (13). Furthermore, the positioning seat (15) has only the freedom to rotate relative to the drill rod (1) but has no freedom to slide up and down. A flange (8) protruding from the outer circle of the positioning seat (15) is formed at the bottom of the positioning seat (15). One or more annular airbag belts (6) are sleeved and installed on the outer circle of the positioning seat (15). When there are two or more annular airbag belts (6), an annular isolation plate (7) is arranged between each annular airbag belt (6). The annular isolation plate (7) is sleeved on the outer circle of the positioning seat (15) through the circular through hole in the middle thereof. An annular pressure plate (5) is sleeved on the outer circle of the uppermost outer circle of the positioning seat (15). In a natural state, the upper plane of the annular pressure plate (5) is lower than the upper plane of the positioning seat (15), and a bulging shape is formed. The gland (14) is sleeved and installed on the drill rod (1) through the through hole in the middle thereof, and the mouth of the gland (14) faces downward, the inner end of the gland (14) is sleeved on the outer circle of the upper end of the positioning seat (15), and the lower end surface of the gland (14) is pressed on the upper plane of the annular pressure plate (5). The gland (14) has the freedom to slide up and down and the freedom to rotate relative to the drill rod (1). A spring (16) is sleeved and installed on the drill rod (1) at the upper end of the gland (14).

[0011] A positioning sleeve (2) is sleeved and installed on the drill rod (1) at the upper end of the spring (16). The positioning sleeve (2) is connected and fixed to the drill rod (1) by bolts (17). The positioning sleeve (2) is pre-adjusted to adjust the degree of compression of the compression spring (16) before being fixed. A plurality of exhaust holes (3) are formed on the shaped gland (14). A vent hole (4) that passes through the upper and lower ends is formed on the positioning sleeve (15). A connecting pipe (9) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the vent hole (4). The lower end of the connecting pipe (9) is placed in the slag discharge bucket (13) and is lower than the upper end of the slag discharge bucket (13).

Claims

1. A structure of a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer slag removal device, comprising a drill rod (1), the bottom of the drill rod (1) being connected and fixed to a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer (11) via a connector (12), a compressed air through hole (18) being formed at the center of the drill rod (1), the compressed air through hole (18) being a channel for inputting external compressed air, a slag removal bucket (13) being installed at the bottom of the drill rod (1) via a center hole at the bottom thereof, and characterized in that: A positioning seat (15) is sleeved and installed on the drill rod (1) at the upper position of the opening of the slag discharge bucket (13), and a flange (8) protruding from the outer circle of the positioning seat (15) is formed at the bottom of the positioning seat (15). Two or more annular airbag belts (6) are sleeved and installed on the outer circle of the positioning seat (15), an annular isolation plate (7) is arranged between each annular airbag belt (6), the annular isolation plate (7) is sleeved on the outer circle of the positioning seat (15) through the circular through hole in the middle thereof, an annular pressing plate (5) is sleeved on the outer circle of the uppermost outer circle of the positioning seat (15), in a natural state, the upper plane of the annular pressing plate (5) is lower than the upper plane of the positioning seat (15), a shaped pressure cover (14) is sleeved and installed on the drill rod (1) through the through hole in the middle thereof, and the mouth of the shaped pressure cover (14) is downward, the inner port of the shaped pressure cover (14) is sleeved on the upper outer circle of the positioning seat (15), and the lower end surface of the shaped pressure cover (14) is pressed on the annular pressure plate (5). On the upper plane, a spring (16) is sleeved and installed on the drill rod (1) at the upper end of the shaped pressure cover (14), and a positioning sleeve (2) is sleeved and installed on the drill rod (1) at the upper end of the spring (16). The positioning sleeve (2) is connected and fixed to the drill rod (1) by bolts (17), and the positioning sleeve (2) is pre-adjusted to the degree of compression of the compression spring (16) before being fixed. A plurality of exhaust holes (3) are formed on the shaped pressure cover (14), and a vent hole (4) that passes through from top to bottom is formed on the positioning sleeve (15). A connecting pipe (9) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the vent hole (4), and the lower end of the connecting pipe (9) is placed in the slag discharge bucket (13) and is lower than the upper end of the slag discharge bucket (13).

2. According to claim 1, the structure of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer slag removal device is characterized in that: The slag discharge bucket (13) has only the freedom to rotate relative to the drill rod (1), but has no freedom to slide up and down.

3. According to claim 1, the structure of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer slag removal device is characterized in that: The positioning seat (15) has only the freedom to rotate relative to the drill rod (1), but has no freedom to slide up and down.

4. According to claim 1, the structure of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer slag removal device is characterized in that: The shaped gland (14) has both the freedom to slide up and down and the freedom to rotate relative to the drill rod (1).

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