Coal-fired generator set
By integrating solar heat collection, biogas, waste incineration, compressed heat storage, waste heat utilization and flue gas powdering equipment in coal-fired generator sets, the challenges of existing coal-fired generator sets in reducing carbon emissions are solved, and high efficiency is achieved. Low-carbon power generation process.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411697967.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-18
AI Technical Summary
Existing coal-fired generator sets have challenges in reducing carbon emissions, with high energy loss of biomass and chlorammonia, high energy consumption during carbon capture and utilization, and limited application potential.
An integrated coal-fired generator set was designed, combining solar heat collecting devices, biogas devices, waste incineration devices, compression heat storage devices, waste heat utilization devices and flue gas powder making devices. Through the coupling of these devices, coal consumption is optimized. and carbon dioxide emissions.
It effectively reduces coal consumption and carbon dioxide emissions, improves the flexibility and operating efficiency of generator sets, and realizes a low-carbon, flexible and efficient power generation process.
Smart Images
Figure CN119467040A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal-fired power generation, and in particular to a coal-fired power generation unit. Background Art
[0002] At present, the carbon emission problem of coal-fired power generation units has received more and more attention. In order to reduce the carbon emission of coal-fired units, biomass and green ammonia can be mixed and carbon capture and utilization can be carried out. However, the mixing of biomass is limited by the amount of resources around the power plant. At the same time, the accurate measurement of biomass is also a technical problem when it is directly mixed. The mixing of green ammonia requires many links such as water electrolysis to produce hydrogen, air separation to produce nitrogen, synthetic ammonia, and ammonia liquefaction, transportation and storage. Each link has energy loss. Therefore, in general, this method has too much energy loss. Carbon capture and utilization are greatly limited by the application potential of CO2, and the energy consumption in the capture process is very high. Summary of the invention
[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a coal-fired power generation unit to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, which can effectively reduce coal consumption and reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
[0005] The present invention provides a coal-fired power generation unit, comprising: a coal-fired power generation unit device, a solar energy heat collection unit device, a biogas unit device, a garbage incineration unit device, a compression heat storage unit device, a waste heat utilization unit device and a flue gas pulverizing unit device, wherein the coal-fired power generation unit device is respectively used with the solar energy heat collection unit device, the biogas unit device, the garbage incineration unit device, the compression heat storage unit device, the waste heat utilization unit device and the flue gas pulverizing unit device, the coal-fired power generation unit device is used for generating electricity, the solar energy heat collection unit device is used for collecting heat, the biogas unit is used for generating biogas, the garbage incineration unit is used for incinerating garbage, the compression heat storage unit device is used for compression heat storage, the waste heat utilization unit device is used for waste heat utilization, and the flue gas pulverizing unit device is used for pulverizing coal.
[0006] Preferably, the coal-fired generator device includes a boiler, a steam turbine, a first generator and a cooling tower. The boiler is connected to the steam turbine through a superheater, and the steam turbine is connected to the first generator. A dust collector and a desulfurization system are arranged between the boiler and the cooling tower. The superheater of the boiler is connected to the steam turbine, and air enters the air preheater through a blower. The air preheater is also connected to the furnace of the boiler. The condenser, the air-cooled heat exchanger or the wet-cooled heat exchanger at the bottom of the cooling tower, the low-pressure heater, the deaerator, and the high-pressure heater are connected in sequence, and the steam turbine is respectively connected to the low-pressure heater, the deaerator and the high-pressure heater.
[0007] Preferably, the steam turbine includes a high-pressure cylinder, an intermediate-pressure cylinder and a low-pressure cylinder connected in sequence, the superheater is connected to the high-pressure cylinder, the reheater of the boiler is connected to the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the high-pressure cylinder and the intermediate-pressure cylinder are respectively connected to the high-pressure heater, the intermediate-pressure cylinder is connected to the deaerator, and the low-pressure cylinder is respectively connected to the low-pressure heater and the condenser.
[0008] Preferably, the solar thermal collection device includes a solar thermal collection system, a circulation pump and a heat storage heat exchanger, the solar thermal collection system and the heat storage heat exchanger are connected through the circulation pump, the solar thermal collection system is used to collect solar energy, and the circulation pump drives the circulating working medium to store the solar energy collected by the solar thermal collection system in the heat storage heat exchanger, the high-pressure heater is connected to the heat storage heat exchanger, the heat storage heat exchanger is connected to the superheater, the high-pressure cylinder is connected to the heat storage heat exchanger, and the heat storage heat exchanger is also connected to the reheater.
[0009] Preferably, the biogas device comprises a biogas digester, a biogas purifier, a biogas compressor and a biogas storage tank which are connected in sequence, the biogas digester is connected to the steam turbine, and the biogas digester is heated by utilizing the steam extraction or exhaust heat of the steam turbine, the biogas storage tank is respectively connected to the furnace of the boiler and the biogas generator set, and the biogas generator set is connected to the furnace of the boiler.
[0010] Preferably, the waste incineration device includes a waste incinerator and a waste incinerator dust collector, the waste incinerator, the waste incinerator dust collector and the furnace of the boiler are connected in sequence, the waste incinerator is used to incinerate waste, and the waste incinerator dust collector is used to remove dust from the flue gas generated by the waste incinerator and send the dust-removed flue gas into the furnace of the boiler.
[0011] Preferably, the compression heat storage device includes a steam compressor and a first heat storage device, the inlet of the steam compressor is used to be connected to the steam turbine, the outlet of the steam compressor is used to be connected to the inlet of the first heat storage device, and the outlet of the first heat storage device is used to be connected to the low-pressure heater.
[0012] Preferably, the compressed heat storage device includes an air compressor and a second heat storage device, the outlet of the air compressor is used to be connected to the inlet of the second heat storage device, the outlet of the second heat storage device is connected to an air storage tank, the air storage tank is connected to an expander or a turbine through a first heat exchanger, the expander or the turbine is connected to a second generator, and the first heat exchanger is also connected to the second heat exchanger between the cooling tower and the desulfurization system.
[0013] Preferably, the waste heat utilization device comprises a wind turbine generator set, and the wind turbine generator set is located in the cooling tower.
[0014] Preferably, the flue gas pulverizing device includes a coal bunker, a coal mill, a smoke and powder heat exchanger, a fan, a return air fan and a separator. The coal bunker is connected to the coal mill, the coal mill is connected to the smoke and powder heat exchanger, the smoke and powder heat exchanger is also connected to the coal mill through a high-pressure fan, the smoke and powder heat exchanger is connected to the dust collector through the return air fan, the smoke and powder heat exchanger is also connected to the furnace of the boiler, and the separator is respectively connected to the inlet of the air preheater and the smoke and powder heat exchanger. After the smoke at the inlet of the air preheater is dedusted by the separator, it enters the smoke and powder heat exchanger to heat the smoke and powder mixture. The cooled smoke enters the coal mill through the high-pressure fan for pulverizing, and the smoke in the smoke and powder heat exchanger enters the dust collector through the return air fan.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:
[0016] The present invention couples a solar thermal collector, a biogas device and a waste incineration device, which can effectively reduce coal consumption and carbon dioxide emissions; at the same time, it is coupled with a compression heat storage device, which is used to replace the electric boiler to consume surplus power, thereby realizing the flexible operation of the coal-fired unit and participating in the deep peak regulation of the power grid, solving the problem of energy quality depreciation of the electric boiler; the waste heat utilization device and the flue gas pulverizing device are used to control the exhaust temperature of the boiler, while the exhaust waste heat of the turbine is deeply utilized, thereby further improving the operating efficiency of the unit and achieving the goals of low carbon, flexibility and high efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a coal-fired power generation unit of the present invention;
[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the smoke powder making device of the present invention;
[0020] In the figure: 1-superheater; 2-reheater; 3-biogas purifier; 4-high-pressure cylinder; 5-medium-pressure cylinder; 6-low-pressure cylinder; 7-first generator; 8-condenser; 9-condensate pump; 10-low-pressure heater; 11-deaerator; 12-air preheater; 13-feedwater pump; 14-high-pressure heater; 15-circulating water pump; 16-cooling tower; 17-second heat exchanger; 18-furnace; 19-heat storage heat exchanger; 20-coal bunker; 21-pulverizer; 22-smoke and powder heat exchanger; 23-high-pressure fan; 24-return fan; 25-supply fan; 26-separator; 27-dust collector; 28-induced draft fan ; 29-desulfurization system; 30-air-cooled heat exchanger or wet-cooled heat exchanger; 31-wind turbine generator set; 32-first circulation pump; 33-solar thermal collection system; 34-biogas tank; 35-biogas compressor; 36-biogas storage tank; 37-biogas generator set; 38-waste incinerator; 39-waste incinerator dust collector; 40-first motor; 41-steam compressor; 42-first heat storage device; 43-second motor; 44-air compressor; 45-second heat storage device; 46-gas storage tank; 47-first heat exchanger; 48-expander; 49-second generator; 50-second circulation pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0022] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a coal-fired power generation unit to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, which can effectively reduce coal consumption and reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
[0023] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0024] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a coal-fired power generation unit, including: a coal-fired generator device, a solar thermal collection device, a biogas device, a garbage incineration device, a compression heat storage device, a waste heat utilization device and a flue gas pulverizing device, the coal-fired generator device is used for respectively working with the solar thermal collection device, the biogas device, the garbage incineration device, the compression heat storage device, the waste heat utilization device and the flue gas pulverizing device, the coal-fired generator device is used for generating electricity, the solar thermal collection device is used for collecting heat, the biogas device is used for generating biogas, the garbage incineration device is used for incinerating garbage, the compression heat storage device is used for compression heat storage, the waste heat utilization device is used for waste heat utilization, and the flue gas pulverizing device is used for making coal powder.
[0025] Specifically, in this embodiment, the coal-fired generator device includes a boiler, a steam turbine, a first generator 7 and a cooling tower 16 or a chimney. The steam turbine includes a high-pressure cylinder 4, an intermediate-pressure cylinder 5 and a low-pressure cylinder 6 connected in sequence. The steam inlet pressure of the high-pressure cylinder 4 is generally 13-35 MPa, the steam inlet pressure of the intermediate-pressure cylinder 5 is generally 3-7 MPa, and the steam inlet pressure of the low-pressure cylinder 6 is generally 0.3-0.6 MPa. The superheater 1 of the boiler is connected to the high-pressure cylinder 4 of the steam turbine through a pipeline, and the low-pressure cylinder 6 of the steam turbine is connected to the first generator 7. A dust collector 27, an induced draft fan 28 and a desulfurization system 29 are arranged between the air preheater 12 and the cooling tower 16 or the chimney. The boiler's reheater 2 is connected to the medium-pressure cylinder 5 through a pipeline. Air enters the air preheater 12 through the blower 25. The air preheater 12 is also connected to the furnace 18 of the boiler through a pipeline. The air-cooled heat exchanger or wet-cooled heat exchanger 30 at the bottom of the cooling tower 16 or the chimney is connected to the condenser 8 through a pipeline. A circulating water pump 15 is installed on the connecting pipeline between the air-cooled heat exchanger or wet-cooled heat exchanger 30 and the condenser 8. The condenser 8 is connected to the low-pressure heater 10, the deaerator 11, the feed water pump 13 and the high-pressure heater 14 in sequence through pipelines. The feed water pressure in the high-pressure heater 14 is slightly higher than the turbine inlet steam pressure, generally between 14 and 37 MPa. The feed water pressure in the low-pressure heater 10 is generally between 2 and 4 MPa. The high-pressure cylinder 4 and the medium-pressure cylinder 5 are respectively connected to the high-pressure heater 14 through extraction pipes, the medium-pressure cylinder 5 is connected to the deaerator 11 through extraction pipes, the low-pressure cylinder 6 is connected to the low-pressure heater 10 through extraction pipes, and the exhaust port of the low-pressure cylinder 6 is connected to the condenser 8.
[0026] In this embodiment, the solar thermal collection device includes a solar thermal collection system 33, a first circulation pump 32 and a heat storage heat exchanger 19. The solar thermal collection system 33 is a trough type, a Fresnel type or a tower type, etc. The heat storage heat exchanger 19 has both a heat storage function and can heat feed water or steam. The solar thermal collection system 33 and the heat storage heat exchanger 19 are connected through the first circulation pump 32. The solar thermal collection system 33 is used to collect solar energy. The first circulation pump 32 drives the circulating working fluid (such as heat transfer oil, molten salt, etc.) to store the solar energy collected by the solar thermal collection system 33 in the heat storage heat exchanger 19. The outlet of the high-pressure heater 14 is connected to the heat storage heat exchanger 19, the outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger 19 is connected to the superheater 1, the exhaust port of the high-pressure cylinder 4 is connected to the heat storage heat exchanger 19, and the heat storage heat exchanger 19 is also connected to the reheater 2. Boiler feed water, that is, boiler feed water coming out of the high-pressure heater 14 absorbs heat and is heated to steam when flowing through the heat storage heat exchanger 19, and then enters the boiler's superheater 1 to further heat up. The heated main steam enters the high-pressure cylinder 4 of the steam turbine to expand and do work. The exhaust temperature of the high-pressure cylinder 4 is relatively low, and enters the heat storage heat exchanger 19 to absorb heat and heat up, and then enters the boiler's reheater 2 to further heat up, and then enters the intermediate-pressure cylinder 5 of the steam turbine to expand and do work, driving the steam turbine to generate electricity. The exhaust steam of the intermediate-pressure cylinder 5 of the steam turbine enters the low-pressure cylinder 6 to continue to expand and do work. The exhaust steam after doing work enters the condenser 8 to condense into water, and is then pumped into the low-pressure heater 10 by the condensate pump 9, and then enters the deaerator 11. It is further pressurized by the feedwater pump 13 and enters the high-pressure heater 14, and then enters the heat storage heat exchanger 19 to complete the steam power cycle. In this cycle, the feed water or steam absorbs solar energy and is also heated by coal combustion, which saves some coal compared to a simple coal-fired unit. At the same time, it is more efficient and has a lower investment cost than a simple solar thermal power station.
[0027] In this embodiment, the biogas device includes a biogas tank 34, a biogas purifier 3, a biogas compressor 35 and a biogas storage tank 36 connected in sequence. The biogas tank 34 is connected to the low-pressure cylinder 6 of the steam turbine, and the biogas tank 34 is heated by the steam extraction heat or exhaust heat of the steam turbine. The biogas storage tank 36 is respectively connected to the furnace 18 of the boiler and the biogas generator set 37, and the exhaust port of the biogas generator set 37 is connected to the furnace 18 of the boiler. Urban sewage, degradable garbage (such as urban greening prunings, crop straw, food processing plant waste, etc.), kitchen waste, etc. are sent to the biogas tank 34, and the exhaust heat or extraction heat of the steam turbine is used to heat the biogas tank 34, so that the biogas tank 34 maintains a high-temperature fermentation temperature state, so as to improve the fermentation speed and efficiency and produce more biogas. After being purified by the biogas purifier 3, the biogas enters the biogas compressor 35, and is compressed and stored in the biogas storage tank 36. The stored biogas can replace fuel oil for ignition when the boiler is ignited or assist combustion when the boiler is under low load, providing an alternative to fuel oil to achieve greater economic benefits; when the biogas output is high, a biogas generator set 37 (gas turbine) can also be built, and the biogas first enters the biogas generator set 37 to generate electricity. The high-temperature gas discharged from the biogas generator set 37 enters the furnace 18 of the boiler and then heats the steam, thereby realizing a combined power cycle and further improving the utilization efficiency of biogas energy.
[0028] In this embodiment, the garbage incineration device includes a garbage incinerator 38 and a garbage incinerator dust collector 39. The garbage incinerator 38, the garbage incinerator dust collector 39 and the furnace 18 of the boiler are connected in sequence. The garbage incinerator 38 is used to incinerate garbage, and the garbage incinerator dust collector 39 is used to remove dust from the flue gas generated by the garbage incinerator 38, and send the high-temperature flue gas after dust removal into the furnace 18 of the boiler. For non-degradable combustible garbage, such as plastic, rubber, wood, etc., they are incinerated by coupling the garbage incinerator 38. After the high-temperature flue gas is dusted by the garbage incinerator dust collector 39, the high-temperature flue gas is sent to the furnace 18 of the boiler. On the one hand, its heat is used to generate steam for power generation, and on the other hand, the high temperature in the furnace 18 is used to remove dioxins generated during the garbage incineration process.
[0029] In this embodiment, when the coal-fired unit needs to frequently adjust the peak load, a compression heat storage device can be installed, which can be coupled to either the steam compressor 41 or the air compressor 44. If the steam compressor 41 is coupled, the compression heat storage device includes a first motor 40, a steam compressor 41 and a first heat storage device 42, the inlet of the steam compressor 41 is connected to the steam turbine exhaust port or a certain stage of steam extraction (high pressure cylinder 4, medium pressure cylinder 5 or low pressure cylinder 6), the outlet of the steam compressor 41 is connected to the inlet of the first heat storage device 42, and the outlet of the first heat storage device 42 is connected to the low pressure heater 10. When the coal-fired unit is on-grid with a low load, or when the power grid does not need too much electric power, part of the exhaust steam of the steam turbine is extracted or part of the steam from a certain stage of exhaust steam of the steam turbine is extracted into the steam compressor 41 for compression, and the steam compressor 41 consumes part of the electric power to achieve the purpose of low load on-grid. When the temperature of the compressed steam rises, it enters the first heat storage device 42 to release heat, and then condenses into water and returns to the heat recovery system of the steam turbine, such as returning to the low-pressure heater 10. When the coal-fired unit is online at high load, the heat stored in the first heat storage device 42 can be used to heat the feed water or replace the steam extraction heating of the steam turbine, thereby achieving the purpose of quickly increasing the load of the steam turbine.
[0030] In this embodiment, if the air compressor 44 is coupled, the compression heat storage device includes a second motor 43, an air compressor 44 and a second heat storage device 45, the outlet of the air compressor 44 is connected to the inlet of the second heat storage device 45, the outlet of the second heat storage device 45 is connected to the gas storage tank 46, the gas storage tank 46 is connected to the expander 48 or the turbine through the first heat exchanger 47, the expander 48 or the turbine is connected to the second generator 49, and the first heat exchanger 47 is also connected to the cooling tower 16 or the chimney and the second heat exchanger 17 between the desulfurization system 29. The air compressor 44 consumes part of the electric power, the compressed air temperature rises, releases heat in the second heat storage device 45, and then enters the gas storage tank 46 for storage. When the coal-fired unit is at a low load, the air compressor 44 is used to consume part of the electric power and store the heat generated by the compression process; when the coal-fired unit is at a high load, on the one hand, the heat stored in the second heat storage device 45 is used to heat the feed water or low-temperature reheat steam, and on the other hand, the high-pressure air stored in the gas tank 46 is used to drive the expander 48 or the turbine to generate electricity. In order to increase the output of the expander 48 or the turbine, the air flowing out of the gas tank 46 can be first heated by the first heat exchanger 47. The heat source of the first heat exchanger 47 comes from the waste heat of the flue gas, that is, the second heat exchanger 17 installed behind the dust collector 27 absorbs the waste heat of the boiler exhaust gas to heat hot water, and the second circulation pump 50 is used to transport the hot water to the first heat exchanger 47 to heat the high-pressure air, which further improves the rapid load increase capability of the coal-fired unit and is conducive to earning peak-shaving benefits from the power grid.
[0031] In this embodiment, the waste heat utilization device includes a wind turbine generator set 31, and the turbine generator set is located in the cooling tower 16 or the chimney. The exhaust steam of the steam turbine condenses in the condenser 8, and heats the circulating water at the same time. The circulating water is transported to the bottom of the cooling tower 16 (cooling tower or intercooling tower) or the chimney by the circulating water pump 15, and is cooled by air through the air-cooled heat exchanger or wet-cooled heat exchanger 30 at the bottom, and then enters the condenser 8 to condense the exhaust steam of the steam turbine. The heated air rises in the cooling tower 16 or the chimney due to the increase in temperature and the decrease in density, until it is discharged into the atmosphere from the outlet at the top of the cooling tower 16 or the chimney. In order to utilize the energy of the upward flow of air, the height of the cooling tower 16 or the chimney is further increased. For example, it can be increased from the current height of tens of meters to hundreds of meters, or even higher, so that the upward suction force in the cooling tower 16 or the chimney is greatly increased, and the speed of the upward flow of air is greatly increased. Therefore, by installing a wind turbine generator set 31 at the bottom of the cooling tower 16 or the chimney, the deep utilization of the waste heat of the steam turbine is achieved; at the same time, after the flue gas discharged from the boiler passes through the dust collector 27 and the desulfurization system 29, the clean flue gas is also discharged into the cooling tower 16 or the chimney. Due to the high temperature of the boiler exhaust, the temperature of the air in the cooling tower 16 or the chimney is increased, and the suction force in the cooling tower 16 or the chimney is further improved, thereby increasing the output of the wind turbine generator set, and also achieving the deep utilization of the waste heat of the boiler exhaust.
[0032] In this embodiment, the flue gas pulverizing device includes a coal bunker 20, a coal mill 21, a flue gas pulverizing heat exchanger 22, a high-pressure fan 23, a return air fan 24 and a separator 26. The coal bunker 20 is connected to the coal mill 21, the coal mill 21 is connected to the flue gas pulverizing heat exchanger 22, the flue gas pulverizing heat exchanger 22 is also connected to the coal mill 21 through the high-pressure fan 23, the flue gas pulverizing heat exchanger 22 is connected to the return air fan 24, the return air fan 24 outlet is connected to the dust collector 27 inlet, the flue gas pulverizing heat exchanger 22 is also connected to the furnace 1 of the boiler 8, the separator 26 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the air preheater 12 and the smoke-powder heat exchanger 22 respectively. The high-temperature smoke before the inlet of the air preheater 12 passes through the separator 26 for dust removal, and then enters the smoke-powder heat exchanger 22 to heat the smoke-powder mixture. A part of the smoke after cooling is pressurized by the high-pressure fan 23 and then enters the coal mill 21 for powder making. The other part of the smoke continues to be cooled in the smoke-powder heat exchanger 22 to the boiler exhaust temperature and is then sent to the dust collector 27 through the return fan 24.
[0033] Since the boiler feed water is heated by the heat storage heat exchanger 19, the temperature of the flue gas entering the air preheater 12 is relatively high, which can easily cause the exhaust temperature to rise. Therefore, part of the flue gas can be extracted for powder making, that is, the high-pressure fan 23 and the return fan 24 are used to jointly extract part of the high-temperature flue gas in front of the air preheater 12. This part of the hot flue gas first enters the separator 26 for dust removal, and then enters the smoke-powder heat exchanger 22 to heat the smoke-powder mixture. After cooling, part of the flue gas is pressurized by the high-pressure fan 23 and enters the coal mill 21 for powder making, and the other part continues to heat the smoke-powder mixture in the smoke-powder heat exchanger 22 until the temperature drops to the normal boiler exhaust temperature and is sent back to the boiler tail flue in front of the dust collector 27 by the return fan 24. The temperature of the mixture of flue gas and coal powder at the outlet of the coal mill 21 is relatively low, so it enters the smoke-powder heat exchanger 22, is heated to a certain temperature, and is then sent to the furnace 18 of the boiler for combustion. In this way, on the one hand, the heat of the flue gas is absorbed by the coal, thereby reducing the exhaust temperature of the boiler. On the other hand, the smoke powder is heated, and the temperature of the smoke powder mixture is increased, which is beneficial to the complete combustion of the smoke powder in the furnace 18. In addition, since the oxygen content in the flue gas is relatively low, there will be no danger of coal powder explosion even if the smoke powder temperature is increased.
[0034] Since the present invention is coupled with a solar thermal collector, a biogas device and a waste incineration device, the use of coal can be greatly saved in the power generation process, thereby achieving the goal of low carbon. Since a compressed heat storage device is coupled, when the grid-connected power load demand is small, the steam compressor 41 and / or the air compressor 44 can be used to consume part of the electricity, thereby achieving low-load grid-connection. When the grid load is high, the heat stored in the steam compressor 41 and / or the air compressor 44 can be used to replace steam extraction from the steam turbine to increase the output of the steam turbine, or to replace coal-fired heating of boiler feed water to reduce coal consumption, or to use high-pressure air to drive the expander 48 or turbine to generate electricity, thereby further improving the power generation capacity of the coal-fired generator set. The present invention utilizes a flue gas pulverizing device to reduce the boiler exhaust temperature, and at the same time utilizes the wind turbine generator set 31 to deeply utilize the exhaust heat of the steam turbine, thereby achieving high efficiency of the coal-fired generator set.
[0035] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
Claims
1. A coal-fired power generation unit, characterized in that: include: A coal-fired generator device, a solar thermal collector device, a biogas device, a garbage incineration device, a compression heat storage device, a waste heat utilization device and a flue gas pulverizing device. The coal-fired generator device is used to be respectively used with the solar thermal collector device, the biogas device, the garbage incineration device, the compression heat storage device, the waste heat utilization device and the flue gas pulverizing device. The coal-fired generator device is used to generate electricity, the solar thermal collector is used to collect heat, the biogas device is used to generate biogas, the garbage incineration device is used to incinerate garbage, the compression heat storage device is used to compress and store heat, the waste heat utilization device is used to utilize waste heat, and the flue gas pulverizing device is used to make coal powder.
2. The coal-fired power generation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coal-fired generator device includes a boiler, a steam turbine, a first generator and a cooling tower. The boiler is connected to the steam turbine through a superheater, and the steam turbine is connected to the first generator. A dust collector and a desulfurization system are arranged between the boiler and the cooling tower. The superheater of the boiler is connected to the steam turbine. Air enters the air preheater of the boiler through a blower. The air preheater is also connected to the furnace of the boiler. The condenser, the air-cooled heat exchanger or the wet-cooled heat exchanger at the bottom of the cooling tower, the low-pressure heater, the deaerator, and the high-pressure heater are connected in sequence, and the steam turbine is respectively connected to the low-pressure heater, the deaerator and the high-pressure heater.
3. The coal-fired power generation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steam turbine includes a high-pressure cylinder, an intermediate-pressure cylinder and a low-pressure cylinder connected in sequence, the superheater is connected to the high-pressure cylinder, the reheater of the boiler is connected to the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the high-pressure cylinder and the intermediate-pressure cylinder are respectively connected to the high-pressure heater, the intermediate-pressure cylinder is connected to the deaerator, and the low-pressure cylinder is respectively connected to the low-pressure heater and the condenser.
4. The coal-fired power generation unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The solar thermal collection device includes a solar thermal collection system, a circulation pump and a heat storage heat exchanger. The solar thermal collection system and the heat storage heat exchanger are connected through the circulation pump. The solar thermal collection system is used to collect solar energy. The circulation pump drives the circulating working medium to store the solar energy collected by the solar thermal collection system in the heat storage heat exchanger. The high-pressure heater is connected to the heat storage heat exchanger, the heat storage heat exchanger is connected to the superheater, the high-pressure cylinder is connected to the heat storage heat exchanger, and the heat storage heat exchanger is also connected to the reheater.
5. The coal-fired power generation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The biogas device includes a biogas tank, a biogas purifier, a biogas compressor and a biogas storage tank which are connected in sequence. The biogas tank is connected to the steam turbine, and the heat of the steam extraction or exhaust of the steam turbine is used to heat the biogas tank. The biogas storage tank is respectively connected to the furnace of the boiler and the biogas generator set, and the biogas generator set is connected to the furnace of the boiler.
6. The coal-fired power generation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The garbage incineration device includes a garbage incinerator and a garbage incinerator dust collector. The garbage incinerator, the garbage incinerator dust collector and the furnace of the boiler are connected in sequence. The garbage incinerator is used to incinerate garbage. The garbage incinerator dust collector is used to remove dust from the flue gas generated by the garbage incinerator and send the dust-removed flue gas into the furnace of the boiler.
7. The coal-fired power generation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The compression heat storage device includes a steam compressor and a first heat storage device, the inlet of the steam compressor is used to be connected to the steam turbine, the outlet of the steam compressor is used to be connected to the inlet of the first heat storage device, and the outlet of the first heat storage device is used to be connected to the low-pressure heater.
8. The coal-fired power generation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The compressed heat storage device includes an air compressor and a second heat storage device, the outlet of the air compressor is used to be connected to the inlet of the second heat storage device, the outlet of the second heat storage device is connected to an air storage tank, the air storage tank is connected to an expander or a turbine through a first heat exchanger, the expander or the turbine is connected to a second generator, and the first heat exchanger is also connected to the second heat exchanger between the cooling tower and the desulfurization system.
9. The coal-fired power generation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The waste heat utilization device comprises a wind turbine generator set, and the wind turbine generator set is located in the cooling tower.
10. The coal-fired power generation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flue gas pulverizing device includes a coal bunker, a coal mill, a smoke and powder heat exchanger, a fan, a return air fan and a separator. The coal bunker is connected to the coal mill, the coal mill is connected to the smoke and powder heat exchanger, the smoke and powder heat exchanger is also connected to the coal mill through a high-pressure fan, the smoke and powder heat exchanger is connected to the dust collector through the return air fan, the smoke and powder heat exchanger is also connected to the furnace of the boiler, and the separator is respectively connected to the inlet of the air preheater and the smoke and powder heat exchanger. After the smoke at the inlet of the air preheater is dedusted by the separator, it enters the smoke and powder heat exchanger to heat the smoke and powder mixture. The cooled smoke enters the coal mill through the high-pressure fan for pulverizing, and the smoke in the smoke and powder heat exchanger enters the dust collector through the return air fan.