Safety online monitoring system of underwater production system protection facility and design method

Abstract

The invention relates to a safety online monitoring system of an underwater production system protection facility and a design method. The system comprises a sensor group, a data transmission cable, a modulation and demodulation terminal and a data acquisition and analysis server. The sensor group comprises a plurality of sensors, and each sensor is arranged on a layout point of the protection facility; one end of the data transmission cable is connected with each sensor; the modulation-demodulation terminal is connected with the other end of the data transmission cable; the data acquisition and analysis server is connected with the modulation and demodulation terminal, and is used for acquiring and analyzing the stress condition of the protection facility monitored by the sensor; the dynamic strain and static strain of the underwater production system protection facility can be tested, data support is provided for judging the state of the protection facility, impact vibration and strain of the underwater protection facility can be monitored in real time, and data support is provided for safety and service life evaluation of the underwater system protection facility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of underwater monitoring of oil fields, and in particular relates to a safety online monitoring system and a design method for protective facilities of an underwater production system. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the intensified development of offshore oil and gas resources, the detection range has also become larger and larger. The development of navigable areas with rich oil and gas reserves has been put on the agenda. Considering the safety of navigation, it is not allowed to build marine engineering development equipment and facilities above the seabed mud surface in the navigable area. Therefore, when using underwater production systems to develop oil and gas resources in navigable areas, the conventional underwater production facilities above the seabed mud surface must be moved below the seabed mud surface, and then a protective facility must be used to protect the underwater production system.

[0003] However, it is inevitable that ships will stay and anchor in the navigable area. Once the anchor acts on the protective facilities of the underwater production system, it will cause damage to the production facilities and then damage the underwater production system. In severe cases, it will cause oil and gas leakage and pollute the environment.

[0004] The current underwater production system only has real-time monitoring of its production process and monitoring of the surrounding environment through underwater cameras. There is no real-time monitoring of the impact and force of its protective facilities, and there is a lack of monitoring methods and means. However, due to the size of the ship and the uncertainty of mooring and anchoring, there is an urgent need for a monitoring method that can monitor the force conditions of the underwater production system protective facilities in real time, analyze and judge the force conditions, and issue early warnings to ensure the safety of underwater production facilities. Summary of the invention

[0005] In response to at least one of the problems in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a safe online monitoring system and design method for underwater production system protection facilities, by installing sensors on the underwater production system protection facilities, monitoring the stress conditions of the protection facilities, analyzing and judging the stress conditions, and making early warnings and forecasts.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A safety online monitoring system for underwater production system protection facilities, comprising: A sensor group, comprising a plurality of sensors, each of which is arranged at a deployment point of the protective facility; A data transmission cable, one end of which is connected to each of the sensors; A modem terminal connected to the other end of the data transmission cable; The data collection and analysis server is connected to the modem terminal and is used to collect and analyze the stress conditions of the protective facilities monitored by the sensors.

[0007] Preferably, the sensor is a fiber grating sensor.

[0008] Preferably, the data transmission cable comprises an upper optical fiber cable, an umbilical cable and a lower optical fiber cable which are connected in sequence, the upper optical fiber cable is connected to the modem terminal, and the lower optical fiber cable is connected to each of the sensors.

[0009] Preferably, the upper optical fiber cable comprises two sections, and an optical cable splicing box is provided between the two sections of the upper optical fiber cable.

[0010] Preferably, the lower optical fiber cable comprises two sections, and the two sections of the lower optical fiber cable are connected by a wet connector and a dry connector.

[0011] Preferably, an upper umbilical cable terminal unit and a lower umbilical cable terminal unit are respectively provided at both ends of the umbilical cable, the upper umbilical cable terminal unit is connected to the upper optical fiber cable, and the lower umbilical cable terminal unit is connected to the lower optical fiber cable.

[0012] Preferably, the modem terminal is a fiber grating signal modem terminal.

[0013] Preferably, according to sensor installation requirements, a plurality of the sensors are connected in series or in parallel via optical fiber connectors.

[0014] The design method of the safety online monitoring system of the underwater production system protection facilities described in any one of the above comprises the following steps: Conduct mechanical simulation on the structure of underwater production system protection facilities to find mechanical weak points or characteristic points as sensor layout points. Determine different sensor types, layout points and data transmission cable routing methods based on the physical quantities to be monitored. Selecting the sensor of corresponding specifications according to the monitoring physical quantity requirements and mechanical simulation analysis results; After the underwater production facilities are processed on the ground, the sensors are installed according to the set deployment points and the routing of the data transmission cables; Connecting the data transmission cable to the modem terminal and the data acquisition and analysis server in sequence; The signal detected by the sensor is transmitted to the data acquisition and analysis server through the data transmission cable and the modem terminal; The data acquisition and analysis server analyzes the stress conditions of the underwater production system protection facilities according to the signals, analyzes and judges the stress conditions, and issues early warning and forecasts.

[0015] Preferably, in the step of selecting the sensors of corresponding specifications according to the requirements of the monitored physical quantity and the results of the mechanical simulation analysis, the sensors are connected in series or in parallel according to the contents of the monitored physical quantity and the design requirements.

[0016] The present invention adopts the above technical solution, which has the following advantages: 1. The safety online monitoring system for underwater production system protection facilities provided by the present invention can test the dynamic strain and static strain of the underwater production system protection facilities by installing sensors on the underwater production system protection facilities, provide data support for judging the status of the protection facilities, and can monitor the impact vibration and strain of the underwater protection facilities in real time, providing data support for the safety and life assessment of the underwater system protection facilities.

[0017] 2. The safety online monitoring system for underwater production system protection facilities provided by the present invention adopts passive, high-precision, electromagnetically-interference-free fiber grating sensors as system monitoring sensors, thereby increasing the service life of the monitoring system.

[0018] 3. The safety online monitoring system for underwater production system protection facilities provided by the present invention utilizes the optical fiber in the existing umbilical cable as a part of the data transmission cable, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the system.

[0019] 4. The design method of the safety online monitoring system for underwater production system protection facilities provided by the present invention realizes real-time monitoring of the underwater production system protection facilities by installing sensors on the mechanical weak points or characteristic points of the underwater production system protection facilities and connecting the sensors in series or in parallel according to the content of the monitored physical quantities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the safety online monitoring system for underwater production system protection facilities provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the steps of the method for designing a safe online monitoring system for underwater production system protection facilities provided in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Markings in the accompanying drawings: 1 is a data acquisition and analysis server, 2 is a modem terminal, 301 is an upper optical fiber cable, 302 is a lower optical fiber cable, 4 is an optical cable junction box, 5 is an upper umbilical cable terminal unit, 6 is an umbilical cable, 7 is a lower umbilical cable terminal unit, 8 is a wet connector, 9 is a dry connector, 10 is an optical fiber connector, and 11 is a sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "backward", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the system or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. The arrows in the accompanying drawings represent the flow direction of the substance.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "assembly", "setting", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] The present invention provides a safety online monitoring system and design method for underwater production system protection facilities. Sensors are installed at the layout points of the underwater production system protection facilities to monitor the stress conditions of the protection facilities in real time. A data acquisition and analysis server analyzes and judges the stress conditions, and issues early warnings and forecasts to ensure the safety of the underwater production facilities.

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Example 1 Please refer to Figure 1 , This embodiment provides a safety online monitoring system for underwater production system protection facilities, including a sensor group, a data transmission cable, a modem terminal 2 and a data acquisition and analysis server 1; The sensor group includes a plurality of sensors 11, each of which is arranged at a deployment point of the protection facility; One end of the data transmission cable is connected to each sensor 11; The modem terminal 2 is connected to the other end of the data transmission cable; The data collection and analysis server 1 is connected to the modem terminal 1 , and the data collection and analysis server 1 is used to collect and analyze the stress conditions of the protective facilities monitored by the sensors.

[0029] Specifically, the sensor 11 is a fiber grating sensor. For the force monitoring of underwater production system protection facilities, traditional technologies such as electronic sensors cannot meet the needs of long-term work and have limited working life. Fiber grating sensors have the advantages of long life, high precision, passive sensing terminals and no electromagnetic interference. By using the optical fiber in the existing umbilical cable as the transmission medium, the safety online monitoring of underwater production system protection facilities in the navigation area can be realized and early warning and forecasting can be carried out, which is of great significance to the maintenance of the safety and life evaluation of underwater production system protection facilities in the navigation area.

[0030] The sensor group includes a plurality of fiber grating strain sensors. The sensor 11 monitors physical quantities determined according to environmental requirements, such as temperature, stress and strain, etc. It may also include a fiber grating temperature sensor, a fiber grating displacement sensor, a fiber grating soil pressure sensor and a fiber grating vibration sensor. The installation of the sensor 11 is determined according to the number, type, layout and variation range of the sensors and is connected in series or in parallel according to the convenience of implementation. The connection of multiple sensors is achieved through a fiber optic connector 10, and the fiber optic connector 10 has certain corrosion resistance, tensile resistance and sealing requirements.

[0031] In this embodiment, the data transmission cable includes an upper optical fiber cable 301 , an umbilical cable 6 , and a lower optical fiber cable 302 connected in sequence. The upper optical fiber cable 301 is connected to the modem terminal 2 , and the lower optical fiber cable 302 is connected to each sensor 11 .

[0032] Specifically, the fiber grating sensor is fused with the underwater optical flying line in the lower optical fiber cable 302 through an optical fiber jumper for protection, and the other end of the underwater optical flying line is connected to the transmission optical fiber in the umbilical cable 6 to achieve data transmission through the optical fiber in the umbilical cable 6.

[0033] In this embodiment, the upper optical fiber cable 301 includes two sections, and an optical cable splicing box 4 is provided between the two sections of the upper optical fiber cable 301 .

[0034] Specifically, the optical fiber in the umbilical cable 6 is connected to a section of the upper optical fiber cable 301, and this section of the upper optical fiber cable 301 is further connected to the optical cable splicing box 4, which is an optical fiber junction box. The other section of the upper optical fiber cable 301 coming out of the optical fiber junction box is connected to the modem terminal placed on the platform. The modem terminal is a fiber grating signal modem terminal, specifically a fiber grating signal modem. The modem terminal parses the data collected by the sensor 11 and transmits the data to the data acquisition and analysis server 1. After the data acquisition and analysis server 1 calculates the stress and other information of the underwater production facilities, it is stored in the server; the data acquisition and analysis server 1 can be a computer, which is pre-installed with existing data analysis and early warning management software, and issues early warnings and alarms through the software.

[0035] In this embodiment, the lower optical fiber cable 302 includes two sections, and the two sections of the lower optical fiber cable 302 are connected by a wet connector 8 and a dry connector 9 .

[0036] Specifically, the lower optical fiber cable 302 is located underwater, with one section having two ends connected to the umbilical cable 6 and the wet connector 8 respectively, and the other section being connected to the dry connector 9 and the sensor 11 respectively; by connecting the two sections of the lower optical fiber cable 302 through the wet connector 8 and the dry connector 9, an underwater wet plug-in connection can be achieved.

[0037] In this embodiment, an upper umbilical cable terminal unit 5 and a lower umbilical cable terminal unit 7 are respectively provided at both ends of the umbilical cable 6, the upper umbilical cable terminal unit 5 is connected to the upper optical fiber cable 301, and the lower umbilical cable terminal unit 7 is connected to the lower optical fiber cable 302. The umbilical cable 6 is connected to the upper optical fiber cable 301 and the lower optical fiber cable 302 through the upper umbilical cable terminal unit 5 and the lower umbilical cable terminal unit 7, respectively, to facilitate operation and subsequent maintenance.

[0038] In this embodiment, according to the sensor installation requirements, multiple sensors 11 are connected in series or in parallel via the optical fiber connector 10 .

[0039] Specifically, the selection of sensor series and parallel connection needs to be determined according to the number, type, layout and range of variation of the sensors 11, and mainly based on the initial design requirements for the protective facilities. In order to ensure the survival rate of the sensors 11, each sensor 11 does not crosstalk and works independently, and adopts a parallel connection mode; in order to facilitate implementation and reduce costs, a series connection mode is adopted. Example 2 Please refer to Figure 2 The design method of the safety online monitoring system for underwater production system protection facilities provided in this embodiment includes the following steps: S01. Perform mechanical simulation on the structure of the underwater production system protection facilities to find mechanical weak points or characteristic points as the layout points of the sensors 11, and determine the types of different sensors 11, layout points and routing methods of data transmission cables according to the physical quantities to be monitored; S02, selecting a sensor 11 of corresponding specifications according to the monitoring physical quantity requirements and mechanical simulation analysis results; Specifically, for example, if the monitored physical quantity is sensitive to stress, an optical fiber strain sensor is needed; if it is sensitive to impact vibration, an acceleration sensor is needed; if it is sensitive to soil pressure, an optical fiber soil pressure sensor is needed.

[0040] S03. After the underwater production facilities are processed on the ground, the sensors are installed according to the set layout points and the routing of the data transmission cables; S04, connecting the data transmission cable to the modem terminal 2 and the data acquisition and analysis server 1 in sequence; S05, the signal detected by the sensor 11 is transmitted to the data acquisition and analysis server 1 through the data transmission cable and the modem terminal 2; S06. The data acquisition and analysis server 1 analyzes the stress conditions of the underwater production system protection facilities according to the signals, analyzes and judges the stress conditions, and issues early warning and forecasts.

[0041] In this embodiment, in step S03, when the sensor is installed according to the set layout points and the routing of the data transmission cables, channel steels of different sizes are selected, and each section of the channel steel is fixed on the underwater production system protection facilities according to the layout points and the routing of the data transmission cables. The sensors and data transmission cables are buckled in the channel steel to achieve protection for the sensors and the data transmission cables.

[0042] In this embodiment, in the step of selecting the sensors of corresponding specifications according to the requirements of monitoring physical quantities and the results of mechanical simulation analysis, the sensors are connected in series or in parallel according to the content of the monitored physical quantities and the design requirements. For example, the number, type, layout and variation range of the rotation sensors 11 need to be determined according to physical quantities such as temperature, stress and strain. In order to ensure the survival rate of the sensors 11, each sensor 11 does not interfere with each other and works independently in parallel. In order to facilitate implementation and reduce costs, a series connection is adopted.

[0043] In specific applications, after the design of the underwater production system protection facilities to be monitored is completed, the mechanical weak points or characteristic points are found by mechanical simulation analysis of the steel structure of the underwater production system protection facilities, and the monitoring parameters are formulated according to the on-site environment, and the parameter indicators are quantified, and the corresponding safety warning level is formulated according to the quantified indicators, and the sensors of the corresponding indicators are customized. The mechanical weak points or characteristic points are used as the layout points of the sensor 11, and the physical quantities to be monitored and the installation position and routing method of the sensor are determined; the optical fiber sensor of the corresponding specifications is selected according to the monitoring requirements and the results of the mechanical simulation analysis; after the underwater production facilities are processed on the ground, the corresponding fiber grating temperature sensor designed and processed is installed according to the predetermined position and routing method, and the pigtail of the fiber grating temperature sensor is dry-connected and sealed with the optical fiber line. After the data transmission cable is connected to the modem terminal 2, the signal and installation quality of the sensor 11 can be checked. After the sensor 11 is installed, the optical cable, optical fiber connector, and sensor 11 are fixed to the horse's foot with stainless steel tie bands, and then channel steels of different sizes are selected, and each section of the channel steel is spot welded and fixed in sequence to protect the sensor 11 and its connected optical cable; all sensors 11 and protective measures are transported to the sea together with the underwater production facilities to the designated location for installation, and then the offshore platform is installed in place, and the modem terminal 2 is installed at the designated location of the platform; the optical fiber jumper connected to the modem terminal 2 is fused with the optical flying line for protection to ensure smooth signal flow, and then the diver goes into the sea to connect and fix the optical splitter through the wet connector 8 and the dry connector 9 through wet plugging, and realizes signal transmission through the optical fiber in the umbilical cable 6, and realizes data collection and analysis through the modem terminal 2, and monitors the signal situation until the signal data is normal; the data is processed by the data analysis and early warning management software in the data collection and analysis server 1 installed on the surface platform, and real-time monitoring is carried out, and an alarm is issued according to the predetermined safety early warning level, so as to realize visual display of the stress and deformation of the protective facilities.

[0044] In this embodiment, a plurality of fiber grating strain sensors with sealing structures are used to test the dynamic strain and static strain of the protective facilities of the underwater production system, thereby providing data support for determining the status of the protective facilities.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safety online monitoring system for underwater production system protection facilities, characterized in that: include: A sensor group, comprising a plurality of sensors, each of which is arranged at a deployment point of the protective facility; A data transmission cable, one end of which is connected to each of the sensors; A modem terminal connected to the other end of the data transmission cable; The data collection and analysis server is connected to the modem terminal and is used to collect and analyze the stress conditions of the protective facilities monitored by the sensors.

2. The safety online monitoring system for underwater production system protection facilities according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sensor is a fiber grating sensor.

3. The safety online monitoring system for underwater production system protection facilities according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The data transmission cable comprises an upper optical fiber cable, an umbilical cable and a lower optical fiber cable which are connected in sequence, the upper optical fiber cable is connected to the modem terminal, and the lower optical fiber cable is connected to each of the sensors.

4. The safety online monitoring system for underwater production system protection facilities according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The upper optical fiber cable comprises two sections, and an optical cable splicing box is arranged between the two sections of the upper optical fiber cable.

5. The safety online monitoring system for underwater production system protection facilities according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The lower optical fiber cable comprises two sections, and the two sections of the lower optical fiber cable are connected by a wet joint and a dry connector.

6. The safety online monitoring system for underwater production system protection facilities according to claim 3 is characterized in that: An upper umbilical cable terminal unit and a lower umbilical cable terminal unit are respectively disposed at both ends of the umbilical cable. The upper umbilical cable terminal unit is connected to the upper optical fiber cable, and the lower umbilical cable terminal unit is connected to the lower optical fiber cable.

7. The safety online monitoring system for underwater production system protection facilities according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The modulation and demodulation terminal is a fiber grating signal modulation and demodulation terminal.

8. The safety online monitoring system for underwater production system protection facilities according to claim 3 is characterized in that: According to the sensor installation requirements, a plurality of the sensors are connected in series or in parallel via optical fiber connectors.

9. The design method of the safety online monitoring system of the underwater production system protection facilities according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Conduct mechanical simulation on the structure of underwater production system protection facilities to find mechanical weak points or characteristic points as sensor layout points. Determine the sensor type, layout points and routing of data transmission cables based on the physical quantities to be monitored. Selecting the sensor of corresponding specifications according to the monitoring physical quantity requirements and mechanical simulation analysis results; After the underwater production facilities are processed on the ground, the sensors are installed according to the set deployment points and the routing of the data transmission cables; Connecting the data transmission cable to the modem terminal and the data acquisition and analysis server in sequence; The signal detected by the sensor is transmitted to the data acquisition and analysis server through the data transmission cable and the modem terminal; The data acquisition and analysis server analyzes the stress conditions of the underwater production system protection facilities according to the signals, analyzes and judges the stress conditions, and issues early warning and forecasts.

10. The design method of the safety online monitoring system of the underwater production system protection facilities according to claim 9 is characterized in that: In the step of selecting the sensors of corresponding specifications according to the requirements of the monitored physical quantity and the results of the mechanical simulation analysis, the sensors are connected in series or in parallel according to the contents of the monitored physical quantity and the design requirements.

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