Device and method for collecting sediment at bottom layer of structure of sewage treatment plant

Abstract

The invention discloses a sewage treatment plant structure bottom layer sediment collection device and method, and belongs to the technical field of sediment collection, the sewage treatment plant structure bottom layer sediment collection device comprises a sampling cylinder, the closed end of the sampling cylinder is provided with a hole, and the sampling cylinder is used for discharging water when bottom sediment is collected; the sampling bag is a cylindrical plastic bag with two open ends, is arranged in the inner cavity of the sampling cylinder and is used for loading collected bottom mud; the sealing mechanism comprises a sleeve and a sealing film; the sleeve sleeves one side, close to the opening end, of the outer part of the sampling cylinder, and is rotationally connected with the sampling cylinder through a limiting piece; the sealing film is cylindrical, and two ends of the sealing film are respectively connected with the open end of the sampling cylinder and one end, close to the open end of the sampling cylinder, of the sleeve; and the control mechanism is arranged on the limiting piece and controls the sleeve to rotate. The device is small in size, simple in composition and low in cost; various samples in different environments can be collected, bottom mud can be collected, and the sampler can also be used as a deep water sampler to collect water samples at set depths.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of sediment collection, and in particular relates to a device and method for collecting bottom sediment of a sewage treatment plant structure. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of my country's urbanization process, the urban sewage treatment rate in my country has increased year by year, and the number and scale of sewage treatment plants in cities have continued to increase. At the same time, odor pollution in the sewage treatment process is becoming a serious environmental problem.

[0003] At present, there is no targeted and specific collection method for the bottom sediment of sewage treatment plant structures; due to the extremely soft and high water content of the bottom sediment of sewage treatment plant structures, general sediment sampling methods are not applicable, and there are even fewer sampling methods for in-situ collection of bottom sediment of sewage treatment plant structures and preservation of the original spatial structure of the bottom sediment. Commonly used sampling methods mainly apply sediment collection methods for rivers and ponds, but these methods are not well suitable for the collection of bottom sediment of sewage treatment facilities with great depth, extremely soft mud and the requirement to preserve the original spatial structure of the sediment. For example, grab samplers, box samplers, and negative pressure extraction samplers are currently commonly used. The grab sampler is similar to a clam grab, connected to the control switch and grab by a rope. When sampling, throw the sampler into the water, pull the switch, the grab closes and grabs the bottom mud; although the sampler can take deep and soft bottom mud, it cannot preserve the original spatial structure characteristics of the bottom mud, and the grabbed bottom mud cannot be used to study the influence of microbial community characteristics on the change of the bottom mud spatial structure. The box sampler is more commonly used, connected to the box and the control switch by a rope. When sampling, the box is sunk into the bottom mud by its own weight, and the box is closed by pulling the control switch; the device causes a large disturbance during the sampling process, is cumbersome to operate, and also cannot guarantee the quality of the collected bottom mud. The extraction sampler is similar to a syringe. When collecting sediment, the sampler is inserted into the sediment, and the piston is pulled to bring out the sediment that has entered the sleeve. Although this method can ensure that the collected sediment maintains its original spatial structure as much as possible, it is only applicable to environments with shallow depths and thicker sediments, and cannot collect extremely loose sediments in the mud bucket at the bottom of a deep structure. Patent document (CN202010722554.8) discloses a shallow surface sediment collector, which uses a sleeve and multiple sets of blades. When the sleeve is inserted into the mud, the multiple sets of blades are rotated and closed in the mud by rotating the control rod, thereby achieving a sealing effect. Although this method has good sealing performance for the sediment and can maintain the original spatial structure of the sediment to the maximum extent, this method is limited by the control rod and is not applicable to deep water bodies. It is also blocked by some blades and is prone to disturbance during the insertion process of the mud body. The patent document (CN201922034027.3) discloses a natural riverbed sediment collection device. During collection, the collection device is inserted into the sediment. The sediment collection fixed knife can ensure the rotation of the sampler around the axis. The sediment is cut by the ring-mounted spiral knife and the sediment is collected intact in the sediment collection wall. The device can easily extract sediments of different depths and textures, and can maintain complete sediment stratification; however, due to the influence of the control rod, it is impossible to collect in water bodies with greater depths, and it is impossible to collect extremely loose (near liquid) sediment.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a sampler that can be used in sewage treatment plant structures, has a large collection depth, extremely loose mud (near liquid), and can maintain the original sediment spatial structure unchanged. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for collecting bottom sediment of a sewage treatment plant structure, comprising:

[0007] A sampling cylinder, wherein the closed end of the sampling cylinder is provided with a hole for draining water when collecting bottom mud;

[0008] A sampling bag, which is a cylindrical plastic bag with openings at both ends, is arranged in the inner cavity of the sampling tube and fits with the sampling tube to load the collected sediment;

[0009] A sealing mechanism, the sealing mechanism comprising a sleeve and a sealing film; the sleeve is sleeved on the side of the outside of the sampling cylinder close to the open end, and is rotatably connected to the sampling cylinder through a stopper; the sealing film is cylindrical, and the two ends of the opening of the sealing film are respectively connected to the open end of the sampling cylinder and one end of the sleeve close to the open end of the sampling cylinder;

[0010] A control mechanism is arranged on the limiting member to control the rotation of the sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, a cover plate is provided on the outer side of the closed end of the sampling tube, the cover plate completely covers the hole, and the maximum opening angle of the cover plate does not exceed 90 degrees.

[0012] Further, the limiting member includes a first limiting bolt, a first limiting ring and a second limiting ring, the first limiting ring and the second limiting ring match each other; the first limiting ring is fixedly arranged on the outside of the sampling cylinder and is located in the middle part of the sampling cylinder; the second limiting ring is fixedly arranged at an end of the sleeve away from the sealing film; the first limiting bolt is arranged above the sampling cylinder close to the first limiting ring, and is detachably connected to the sampling cylinder; the sleeve is inserted into the sampling cylinder from the top of the sampling cylinder, and the first limiting ring and the second limiting ring abut against each other, so that the sleeve cannot slide off from the bottom of the sampling cylinder; at the same time, the first limiting bolt is installed so that the sleeve cannot fall off from the top of the sampling cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, the height of the sleeve is equal to the height from the opening end of the sampling cylinder to the first limiting ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the first limiting circular ring and the second limiting circular ring are evenly provided with a plurality of smooth circular holes, which are first smooth circular holes and second smooth circular holes respectively; the number and positions of the first smooth circular holes and the second smooth circular holes match each other.

[0015] Further, the control mechanism includes a spring, a second limit bolt and a control bolt;

[0016] One end of the spring is connected to the side wall of the sampling cylinder near the top of the first limiting ring through the first limiting bolt, and the other end of the spring is connected to the second limiting ring through the second limiting bolt; when the first smooth circular hole is aligned with the second smooth circular hole, the control bolt can be inserted into the first smooth circular hole and the second smooth circular hole to fix the relative position of the sleeve and the sampling cylinder.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a pull ring, a first traction rope and a second traction rope; the pull ring is arranged on the closed end of the sampling tube, the pull ring is connected to the first traction rope, and the control bolt is connected to the second traction rope.

[0018] Furthermore, the upper end of the first limit bolt is in a circular ring shape, and the lower end is a screw; the first limit bolt is inserted into a reserved hole of the sampling tube near the upper part of the first limit ring, and the first limit bolt is tightened to fix the spring;

[0019] The second limiting bolt is a semicircular protrusion welded on the outer side of the second limiting ring, and the second limiting bolt is hung with the spring.

[0020] Furthermore, the upper end of the control bolt is ring-shaped, and the lower end is needle-shaped; the upper end of the control bolt is connected to a second traction rope.

[0021] Method for collecting sediment from the bottom of sewage treatment plant structures:

[0022] When sampling, the sleeve is inserted into the sampling cylinder from the top of the sampling cylinder, and the first limiting ring and the second limiting ring abut against each other, so that the sleeve cannot slide down from the bottom of the sampling cylinder; at the same time, the first limiting bolt is installed to prevent the sleeve from falling off from the top of the sampling cylinder, and one end of the spring is connected to the first limiting bolt, and the other end is connected to the second limiting bolt; the sleeve is rotated, the sealing film is in an open state, the spring is in a taut state, and the first smooth round hole is aligned with the second smooth round hole, and the control bolt is inserted; the first traction rope is connected to the The control bolt and the pull ring are connected to one end of the second traction rope respectively; then, the cylindrical sampling bag with openings at both ends is placed inside the sampling tube, so that the sampling bag completely fits the inner wall of the sampling tube, and the part of the sampling bag that exceeds the sealing film is turned outward and covered on the outside of the sleeve; slowly put the collection device into the water, and after the collection device relies on its own gravity to insert into the bottom mud, pull the control bolt, the spring pulls the sleeve to rotate, and the sleeve drives the sealing film to rotate, and the sealing film is tightened to achieve self-sealing; then slowly pull the second traction rope to pull the collection device out of the water to achieve the collection of the original spatial structure of the bottom mud sample.

[0023] Beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The present invention effectively avoids the shortcoming that traditional negative pressure extraction samplers and spiral knife samplers cannot collect sediment samples at a greater depth; the present device uses a traction rope to lift the collection device to sink for sampling, and pulls the control switch by the traction rope, which is not affected by the sampling depth.

[0025] 2. The present invention effectively avoids the shortcomings of traditional grab samplers, box samplers, negative pressure extraction samplers, and spiral knife samplers that are unable to collect samples with high fluidity and extremely loose mud; the sealing method of the device is a sealing film made of impermeable material that self-seals through rotation, and the sealing performance is excellent.

[0026] 3. The present invention can directly collect sediments at the bottom of the sewage treatment plant structure in situ and preserve the original spatial structure of the sediment. Traditional grab samplers, box samplers, blade rotating closed samplers, etc. all cause different degrees of disturbance to the sediment during the sinking process or the closing process, resulting in the collected sediment samples not being able to maintain their original spatial structure intact. The present device and method are inserted into the mud body in a gentle manner, and the sealing is achieved by the self-spin of the bottom sealing film, which will not disturb the collected sediment. At the same time, during the sinking and rising process of the sampler, the holes and cover on the top of the sampling tube can be automatically opened and closed according to the movement direction of the sampler, so that the sampling process is not affected by water disturbance, thereby preserving the original spatial structure of the sediment to the greatest extent.

[0027] 4. The device of the present invention has a small size, simple composition and low cost; it can collect samples from various environments, not only can it collect bottom mud, but it can also be used as a deep water sampler to collect water samples at a predetermined depth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a front view of the adoption tube;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sleeve of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tube used in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a sealing principle diagram of the sealing film of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a general diagram of the control bolt of the present invention;

[0035] Among them, 1-the second traction rope; 2-the first traction rope; 3-the pull ring; 4-the hole; 5-the sampling tube; 6-the sleeve; 7-the sealing film; 8-the spring; 9-the first limiting bolt; 10-the second limiting bolt; 11-the control bolt; 12-the second limiting ring; 13-the first limiting ring; 14-the first smooth round hole; 15-the second smooth round hole; 16-the sampling bag. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Example 1

[0037] refer to Figure 1-7 , a device and method for collecting bottom sediment of a sewage treatment plant structure, comprising:

[0038] The sampling tube 5 has a hole 4 at its closed end for draining water when collecting bottom mud. In other embodiments, the sampling tube 5 is made of stainless steel, cast iron, copper, organic glass or other materials that are not easy to rust.

[0039] The sampling bag 16 is a cylindrical plastic bag with openings at both ends, which is arranged in the inner cavity of the sampling tube 5 and fits with the sampling tube 5 to load the collected sediment;

[0040] The closing mechanism includes a sleeve 6 and a sealing film 7; the sleeve 6 is sleeved on the outside of the sampling tube 5 near the open end, and is rotatably connected to the sampling tube 5 through a limiter; the sealing film 7 is cylindrical, and the two ends of the sealing film 7 are respectively connected to the open end of the sampling tube 5 and one end of the sleeve 6 near the open end of the sampling tube 5; in other embodiments, the sealing film 7 is made of waterproof materials such as plastic film, silicone film, rubber film, etc.; the sleeve 6 is made of stainless steel, cast iron, copper, plexiglass, etc., which are not easy to rust.

[0041] The control mechanism is arranged on the limiting member to control the sleeve 6 to rotate.

[0042] Preferably, a cover is provided on the outer side of the hole 4 provided at the closed end of the sampling tube 5, the cover completely covers the hole, and the maximum opening angle of the cover does not exceed 90 degrees; when the sampling tube 5 enters the water body, the sampling tube 5 moves downward due to its own weight, and the water moves upward relative to the sampling tube 5, pushing open the cover on the top of the sampling tube 5, and the water flows out from the hole 4 on the top of the sampling tube 5. When the sampling tube 5 is lifted upward, the water moves downward relative to the sampling tube 5, pressing the cover on the top of the sampling tube 5 closed, so that the water cannot enter the sampling tube 5.

[0043] Preferably, the sampling bag 16 is cylindrical with openings at both ends. The sampling bag 16 fits against the inner wall of the sampling tube 5. The portion of the sampling bag 16 that exceeds the sealing film 7 is flipped outward and sleeved on the outside of the sleeve 6. When the sampling tube 5 is inserted into the sediment, the collected sediment enters the sampling bag 16. When the sleeve 6 drives the sealing film 7 to rotate and seal, the sampling bag 16 is sealed accordingly. After sampling is completed, the sampling bag 16 can be taken out as a whole, and the sediment retains the original spatial layered structure in the sampling bag 16.

[0044] Preferably, the limiting member includes a first limiting bolt 9, a first limiting ring 13 and a second limiting ring 12, and the first limiting ring 13 and the second limiting ring 12 match each other; the first limiting ring 13 is fixedly arranged on the outside of the sampling cylinder 5 and is located in the middle part of the sampling cylinder 5; the second limiting ring 12 is fixedly arranged at the end of the sleeve 6 away from the sealing film 7; the first limiting bolt 9 is arranged above the sampling cylinder 5 close to the first limiting ring 13, and is detachably connected to the sampling cylinder 5; the sleeve 6 is inserted into the sampling cylinder 5 from the top of the sampling cylinder 5, and the first limiting ring 13 and the second limiting ring 12 abut against each other, so that the sleeve 6 cannot slide off from the bottom of the sampling cylinder 5; at the same time, the first limiting bolt 9 is installed to prevent the sleeve 6 from falling off from the top of the sampling cylinder 5.

[0045] Preferably, the height of the sleeve 6 is equal to the height from the opening end of the sampling tube 5 to the first limiting ring 13 .

[0046] Preferably, the first limiting ring 13 and the second limiting ring 12 are evenly provided with a plurality of smooth circular holes, which are respectively the first smooth circular holes and the second smooth circular holes; the number and positions of the first smooth circular holes and the second smooth circular holes match each other.

[0047] Preferably, the control mechanism includes a spring 8, a second limit bolt 10 and a control bolt 11;

[0048] One end of the spring 8 is connected to the side wall of the sampling tube 5 near the first limiting ring 13 through the first limiting bolt 9, and the other end of the spring 8 is connected to the second limiting ring 12 through the second limiting bolt 10; when the first smooth circular hole is aligned with the second smooth circular hole, the control bolt 11 can be inserted into the first smooth circular hole and the second smooth circular hole to fix the relative position of the sleeve 6 and the sampling tube 5; the first limiting bolt 9 is located on the side wall above the first limiting ring 13, which can prevent the sleeve 6 from slipping from above the sampling tube 5.

[0049] Preferably, it also includes a pull ring 3 , a first traction rope 2 and a second traction rope 1 ; the pull ring 3 is arranged on the closed end of the sampling tube 5 , the pull ring 3 is connected to the first traction rope 2 , and the control bolt 11 is connected to the second traction rope 1 .

[0050] Preferably, the upper end of the first limit bolt 9 is annular, and the lower end is a screw; the first limit bolt 9 is inserted into the reserved hole 4 above the sampling tube 5 near the first limit ring 13, and the first spring 8 limit bolt is tightened to fix the spring 8;

[0051] The second limiting bolt 10 is a semicircular protrusion welded on the outer side of the second limiting ring 12 , and the second limiting bolt 10 is hung with the spring 8 .

[0052] Preferably, the upper end of the control bolt 11 is ring-shaped, and the lower end is needle-shaped; the upper end of the control bolt 11 is connected to the second traction rope 1.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] Method for collecting sediment from the bottom of sewage treatment plant structures:

[0055] When sampling, the sleeve is inserted into the sampling cylinder from the top of the sampling cylinder, and the first limiting ring and the second limiting ring abut against each other, so that the sleeve cannot slide down from the bottom of the sampling cylinder; at the same time, the first limiting bolt is installed to prevent the sleeve from falling off from the top of the sampling cylinder; one end of the spring is connected to the first limiting bolt, and the other end is connected to the second limiting bolt; the sleeve is rotated, the sealing film is in an open state, the spring is in a taut state, and the first smooth circular hole is aligned with the second smooth circular hole, and the control bolt is inserted; one end of the first traction rope and the second traction rope are respectively connected Control bolt and pull ring; then, put the cylindrical sampling bag with openings at both ends into the sampling tube, make the sampling bag completely fit the inner wall of the sampling tube, and turn the part of the sampling bag that exceeds the sealing film outward and put it on the outside of the sleeve; slowly put the collection device into the water, and after the collection device relies on its own gravity to insert into the bottom mud, pull the control bolt, the spring pulls the sleeve to rotate, the sleeve drives the sealing film to rotate, and the sealing film is tightened to achieve self-sealing; then slowly pull the second traction rope to pull the collection device out of the water to achieve the collection of the original spatial structure of the bottom mud sample.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any slight modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for collecting bottom sediments of sewage treatment plant structures, characterized in that: include: A sampling cylinder, wherein the closed end of the sampling cylinder is provided with a hole for draining water when collecting bottom mud; A sampling bag, which is a cylindrical plastic bag with openings at both ends, is arranged in the inner cavity of the sampling tube and fits with the sampling tube to load the collected sediment; A sealing mechanism, the sealing mechanism comprising a sleeve and a sealing film; the sleeve is sleeved on the side of the outside of the sampling cylinder close to the open end, and is rotatably connected to the sampling cylinder through a stopper; the sealing film is cylindrical, and the two ends of the opening of the sealing film are respectively connected to the open end of the sampling cylinder and one end of the sleeve close to the open end of the sampling cylinder; A control mechanism is arranged on the limiting member to control the rotation of the sleeve.

2. The device for collecting bottom sediment of a sewage treatment plant structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cover plate is arranged on the outer side of the closed end of the sampling tube, the cover plate completely covers the hole, and the maximum opening angle of the cover plate does not exceed 90 degrees.

3. The bottom sediment collection device for a sewage treatment plant structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The limiting member includes a first limiting bolt, a first limiting ring and a second limiting ring, the first limiting ring and the second limiting ring match each other; the first limiting ring is fixedly arranged on the outside of the sampling cylinder and is located in the middle part of the sampling cylinder; the second limiting ring is fixedly arranged at an end of the sleeve away from the sealing film; the first limiting bolt is arranged above the sampling cylinder close to the first limiting ring, and is detachably connected to the sampling cylinder; the sleeve is inserted into the sampling cylinder from the top of the sampling cylinder, and the first limiting ring and the second limiting ring abut against each other, so that the sleeve cannot slide off from the bottom of the sampling cylinder; at the same time, the first limiting bolt is installed to prevent the sleeve from falling off from the top of the sampling cylinder.

4. The device for collecting bottom sediment of a sewage treatment plant structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The height of the sleeve is equal to the height from the opening end of the sampling cylinder to the first limiting ring.

5. The device for collecting bottom sediment of a sewage treatment plant structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first limiting circular ring and the second limiting circular ring are evenly provided with a plurality of smooth circular holes, which are first smooth circular holes and second smooth circular holes respectively; the number and position of the first smooth circular holes and the second smooth circular holes match each other.

6. The device for collecting bottom sediments of a sewage treatment plant structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control mechanism includes a spring, a second limit bolt and a control bolt; One end of the spring is connected to the side wall of the sampling cylinder near the top of the first limiting ring through the first limiting bolt, and the other end of the spring is connected to the second limiting ring through the second limiting bolt; when the first smooth circular hole is aligned with the second smooth circular hole, the control bolt can be inserted into the first smooth circular hole and the second smooth circular hole to fix the relative position of the sleeve and the sampling cylinder.

7. The device for collecting bottom sediment of a sewage treatment plant structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a pull ring, a first traction rope and a second traction rope; the pull ring is arranged on the closed end of the sampling tube, the pull ring is connected to the first traction rope, and the control bolt is connected to the second traction rope.

8. The device for collecting bottom sediment of a sewage treatment plant structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper end of the first limit bolt is in a circular ring shape, and the lower end is a screw; the first limit bolt is inserted into a reserved hole of the sampling tube near the upper part of the first limit ring, and the first limit bolt is tightened to fix the spring; The second limiting bolt is a semicircular protrusion welded on the outer side of the second limiting ring, and the second limiting bolt is hung with the spring.

9. The device for collecting bottom sediment of a sewage treatment plant structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper end of the control bolt is in a ring shape, and the lower end is in a needle shape; the upper end of the control bolt is connected to a second traction rope.

10. The method for collecting sediment from the bottom of a sewage treatment plant structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The following steps are involved: When sampling, the sleeve is inserted into the sampling cylinder from the top of the sampling cylinder, and the first limiting ring and the second limiting ring abut against each other, so that the sleeve cannot slide down from the bottom of the sampling cylinder; at the same time, the first limiting bolt is installed, so that the sleeve cannot fall off from the top of the sampling cylinder, and one end of the spring is connected to the first limiting bolt, and the other end is connected to the second limiting bolt; the sleeve is rotated, the sealing film is in an open state, the spring is in a taut state, and the first smooth circular hole is aligned with the second smooth circular hole, and the control bolt is inserted; one end of the first traction rope and the second traction rope are connected to the control bolt and the pull ring respectively; Subsequently, a cylindrical sampling bag with openings at both ends is placed inside the sampling tube, so that the sampling bag completely fits the inner wall of the sampling tube, and the part of the sampling bag that exceeds the sealing film is turned outward and put on the outside of the sleeve; the collection device is slowly placed in the water, and after the collection device relies on its own gravity to insert into the bottom mud, the control bolt is pulled, and the spring pulls the sleeve to rotate, and the sleeve drives the sealing film to rotate, and the sealing film is tightened to achieve self-sealing; then the second traction rope is slowly pulled to pull the collection device out of the water to achieve the collection of the bottom mud sample while preserving its original spatial structure.

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