Concrete pouring quality measurement and control sensing system and measurement and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel concrete quality detection, in particular to a concrete pouring quality measurement and control sensing system and a measurement and control method. The system comprises sensing and measuring units and a data processor, the multiple sensing and measuring units are arranged on a concrete supporting structure at intervals to define measuring area units, and each sensing and measuring unit comprises a sound wave transceiver used for sending ultrasonic waves to the sensing and measuring units forming the same measuring area unit and receiving the ultrasonic waves; the time recorder is used for recording time information in the measurement process; the first distance sensor is used for measuring the wave transmission distance between the sound wave transceivers of the sensing measurement units forming the same measurement area domain unit; and the data processor is used for calculating the wave velocity according to the wave transmission time and the wave transmission distance of the same ultrasonic wave, and comparing the wave velocity with a preset wave velocity threshold to judge the compactness condition of the measurement area domain unit. The system can monitor the compactness condition of concrete in real time, and timely remediation after grouting is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel concrete quality detection, and in particular to a concrete pouring quality measurement and control sensing system and a measurement and control method. Background Art

[0002] During the pouring of the tunnel secondary lining concrete, due to its special arch-shaped structure and the influence of formwork, steel bars or construction environment, the poured concrete may be loose. If it is detected that the poured concrete is not dense later, the tunnel secondary lining construction work needs to be repaired again, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive and has low construction efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a concrete pouring quality measurement and control sensing system and measurement method, so as to timely detect the looseness of concrete during the pouring process, facilitate timely vibration and padding measures, and solve the problem of secondary repairs in the later stage caused by the looseness of concrete.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a concrete pouring quality measurement and control sensing system, the system comprises: A sensing and measuring unit, wherein a plurality of the sensing and measuring units are arranged at intervals on the concrete support structure to form a measuring surface unit, and the sensing and measuring unit comprises: An acoustic wave transceiver, the acoustic wave transceiver is used to send and receive ultrasonic waves to the sensing and measuring units forming the same measuring surface unit; A time recorder, which is used to record the time information of the measurement process, including the sound emission time of the ultrasonic wave and the sound reception time of the ultrasonic wave; A first distance sensor, which is provided on the sound wave transceiver and is used to measure the wave transmission distance between the sound wave transceivers of the sensing measurement units forming the same measurement area unit; A data processor is communicatively connected with the sensing and measuring unit, and is used to calculate the wave velocity according to the wave transmission time and wave transmission distance of the same ultrasonic wave, and compare the wave velocity with a preset wave velocity threshold to determine the density of the measurement area unit; the wave transmission time refers to the difference between the sound emission time and the sound reception time of the same ultrasonic wave.

[0005] Furthermore, the preset wave velocity threshold includes a preset wave velocity lower limit threshold and a preset wave velocity upper limit threshold that is greater than the preset wave velocity lower limit threshold; the density condition includes qualified and unqualified; when the wave velocities of all ultrasonic waves in the same measurement surface area unit are within the range from the preset wave velocity lower limit threshold to the preset wave velocity upper limit threshold, the data processor judges that the concrete density of the measurement surface area unit is qualified.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes an analog-to-digital converter and a display component; the perception and measurement unit also includes a locator; the analog-to-digital converter is used to establish a three-dimensional data model of the concrete surface area to be measured according to the positioning information of the locators of multiple perception and measurement units; the measurement surface area unit is correspondingly provided with a display unit on the three-dimensional data model; the analog-to-digital converter controls the display unit to display the density of the measurement surface area unit; the display component is used to display the three-dimensional data model.

[0007] Furthermore, the analog-to-digital converter adjusts the corresponding positions of the three-dimensional data model to display different colors according to the density of the measurement area unit.

[0008] Furthermore, the plurality of sensing and measuring units are arranged in a rectangular or regular polygonal shape to divide the concrete surface area to be measured into a plurality of the measuring surface area units.

[0009] Furthermore, the perception and measurement unit also includes a second distance sensor, which is used to measure the vertical distance between the concrete surface and the concrete supporting structure; the data processor can calculate the measurement area unit volume based on the vertical distance and the wave transmission distance between multiple perception and measurement units, calculate the sum of all measurement area unit volumes as the approximate pouring volume, and compare the approximate pouring volume with the preset pouring volume to determine the volume pouring situation.

[0010] Furthermore, the perception measurement unit also includes a state identification component, which is used to automatically display different state identifications according to the density of the measurement area unit.

[0011] Furthermore, the state identification component includes a signal light component, and the state identification includes different light colors displayed by the signal light component according to the density of the measurement area unit.

[0012] Another aspect of the present invention further provides a method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring, using the concrete pouring quality measuring and controlling sensing system provided by the present invention, the measuring and controlling method comprises: Arrange the multiple sensing measurement units according to the set positions to divide the concrete surface area to be measured into multiple measurement surface area units in a grid shape; the multiple sensing measurement units forming one measurement surface area unit are a measurement group; measuring a plurality of wave propagation distances between the acoustic wave transceivers of each measurement group; Ultrasonic waves are transmitted between the sensing measurement units of each measurement group so that there is ultrasonic wave transmission between any two sensing measurement units in the group, and the sound emission time and sound reception time of each ultrasonic wave are recorded; The wave velocity is calculated based on the wave propagation time and wave propagation distance of the same ultrasonic wave; The wave velocity is compared with a preset wave velocity threshold to determine the compactness of the measurement area unit of the measurement group; the compactness includes qualified and unqualified.

[0013] According to a concrete pouring quality measurement and control method provided by the present invention, the multiple sensing and measuring units are arranged at set positions, including arranging the multiple sensing and measuring units in a matrix to form multiple rectangular measurement surface area units, and adjacent measurement surface area units share some sensing and measuring units.

[0014] According to a concrete pouring quality measurement and control method provided by the present invention, the preset wave velocity threshold comprises a preset wave velocity lower limit threshold and a preset wave velocity upper limit threshold greater than the preset wave velocity lower limit threshold; the comparison of the wave velocity and the preset wave velocity threshold determines the compactness of the measurement area unit of the measurement group, including: When the wave velocities of all ultrasonic waves in the same measurement group are between a preset wave velocity lower limit threshold and a preset wave velocity upper limit threshold, the measurement area units in the measurement group are judged to be qualified.

[0015] According to a concrete pouring quality measurement and control method provided by the present invention, the comparison of wave velocity and a preset wave velocity threshold value to judge the compactness of the measurement area unit of the measurement group includes: When any wave speed in the same measurement group is less than a preset wave speed lower limit threshold or greater than a preset wave speed upper limit threshold, the measurement area unit where the sensing measurement unit for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves is located is judged to be unqualified.

[0016] A concrete pouring quality measurement and control method provided by the present invention also includes a status mark corresponding to the density of the measurement area unit displayed on each sensing measurement unit of the measurement group; the status mark includes a qualified color mark and an unqualified color mark corresponding to qualified and unqualified density respectively.

[0017] A concrete pouring quality measurement and control method provided by the present invention also includes measuring the vertical distance between the surface of the concrete area to be measured and the concrete supporting structure, obtaining the unit volume of the measured area according to the vertical distance and multiple wave transmission distances, calculating the sum of all the unit volumes of the measured area as the approximate pouring volume, and comparing the approximate pouring volume with the preset pouring volume to determine whether the pouring volume exceeds or exceeds the volume.

[0018] A concrete pouring quality measurement and control method provided by the present invention also includes collecting positioning information of multiple sensing and measuring units, and establishing a three-dimensional data model of the concrete surface area to be measured based on the positioning information of the multiple sensing and measuring units, wherein the measurement surface area units have a one-to-one corresponding display unit in the three-dimensional data model, and the density of the measurement surface area units is displayed on the display unit of the three-dimensional data model.

[0019] According to a concrete pouring quality measurement and control method provided by the present invention, the method also includes converting the ultrasonic signal received by the acoustic wave transceiver into a waveform diagram and measuring the wavelength. When the wave speed meets the preset wave speed threshold range, the density of the measurement surface area unit is judged according to the relationship between the wavelength and the preset wavelength threshold.

[0020] According to a method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring provided by the present invention, the preset wavelength threshold comprises a preset wavelength lower limit threshold and a preset wavelength upper limit threshold greater than the preset wavelength lower limit threshold; the method for judging the compactness of the measurement area unit according to the relationship between the wavelength and the preset wavelength threshold comprises: When the wave speed is between the preset wave speed lower limit threshold and the preset wave speed upper limit threshold, if the wavelength is between the preset wavelength lower limit threshold and the preset wavelength upper limit threshold, the ultrasonic wave of the wavelength is judged to be qualified; when all ultrasonic waves in the same measurement group are qualified, the measurement area unit of the measurement group is judged to be qualified; otherwise, it is judged to be unqualified.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention include: 1. Multiple sensing and measuring units are arranged at intervals to divide the concrete surface area to be measured into multiple measuring surface area units, and the first distance sensor is used to measure the wave transmission distance between the sound wave transceivers of the sensing and measuring units forming the same measuring surface area. After the concrete is poured and vibrated, the sound waves are timely transmitted and received by the sound wave transceivers of different sensing and measuring units and the sound emission time and the sound reception time are recorded by the time recorder. The data processor can calculate the wave velocity of the sound wave according to the wave transmission distance and the wave transmission time. Based on the different wave transmission velocities of the sound wave in the case of dense concrete and the case of a large number of voids, the density of the concrete can be judged by comparing the wave velocity and the preset wave velocity threshold; the present sensing system can monitor the density of the concrete pouring in real time, so as to facilitate the timely supplementation and vibration of the sensing and measuring units of the concrete that are not dense, so as to avoid secondary repair of the unqualified density measured after the concrete is solidified; 2. The preset wave velocity threshold is a range value. Since the propagation speed of ultrasound in concrete of different strength levels is different, the preset wave velocity lower limit threshold and the preset wave velocity upper limit threshold range are set. The comparison with the calculated wave velocity is applicable to the quality detection of concrete of various strength levels. 3. The positioning information of the sensing measuring unit can be detected by the locator, and the analog-to-digital converter can establish a three-dimensional data model of the concrete surface area to be measured according to the positioning information, and the measuring surface area unit can be displayed on the three-dimensional data model accordingly. The three-dimensional data model can be displayed by the display component, so as to intuitively perceive the overall density of the concrete surface area to be measured; 4. The second distance sensor can be used to measure the vertical distance between the surface of the concrete to be poured and the concrete support structure. This vertical distance is the floor height of the rectangular measurement area unit. The sum of the volumes of all measurement area units can be calculated as the approximate pouring volume of the actual concrete pouring. By comparing it with the preset pouring volume, it can be determined whether it is over- or under-concrete. 5. The status identification component can automatically display different status identifications according to the density of the measurement area unit, making it easier for construction personnel to find the corresponding measurement area unit for repair at the construction site; 6. A method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring provided by the present invention makes full use of the structural characteristics of the concrete pouring quality measurement and control sensing system provided by the present invention, divides the concrete area to be measured into a plurality of measurement area units, and promptly calculates the wave velocity by measuring the wave propagation distance and wave propagation time of the sound wave after the concrete is poured and vibrated. Based on the different wave propagation velocities of the sound wave in concrete with different densities, the density of the concrete in each measurement area unit can be determined by comparing the wave velocity and the preset wave velocity threshold; the operation method is simple, and the density of the concrete can be monitored in real time, which is convenient for timely remediation; 7. The logic of judging whether the measurement area unit is qualified is simple. The preset wave velocity threshold is a range value. Since the propagation speed of sound waves in concretes of different strengths is different, the greater the concrete strength, the faster the wave propagation speed. The preset wave velocity lower limit threshold and the preset wave velocity upper limit threshold are used as a range to compare the wave velocity, which is suitable for measuring concretes of various strengths. 8. When any wave velocity in the measurement group is not within the range of the two end values, the measurement area unit is judged to be unqualified, which ensures the judgment of the quality of concrete density and facilitates construction personnel to take remedial measures in time; 9. The status mark is displayed on the sensing measurement unit, which makes it easy for construction personnel to quickly find the measurement area units with unqualified density and make timely remediation to avoid finding the wrong measurement area units that need to be remedied; 10. The measurement and control method of the present invention can measure whether the approximate pouring volume that is not much different from the actual pouring volume is over or under the cubic meter. By measuring the vertical distance between the concrete surface and the initial support surface of the tunnel and the wave transmission distance, the approximate pouring volume of the actual pouring volume of the same surface area to be measured can be measured, and compared with the preset pouring volume to determine whether the pouring volume is over or under the cubic meter, so that the staff can adjust the pouring template in time to make its approximate pouring volume meet the requirements.

[0022] The present invention provides a concrete pouring quality measurement and control perception system, which can monitor the density of concrete in real time. A plurality of perception measurement units are arranged on a concrete support mechanism at set positions to divide the concrete surface area to be measured into a plurality of approximately flat measurement surface area units. After the concrete is poured and vibrated, sound waves are promptly sent and received through the perception measurement units, and the sound wave transmission distance and time are measured to calculate the wave velocity of the sound wave. The relationship between the wave velocity and a preset wave velocity threshold is compared to determine the concrete density of the measurement surface area unit, so that remedial measures such as supplementary paddles and vibrations can be taken in time for concrete with low density, thereby solving the problem of secondary repairs in the later stage due to the non-compactness of the concrete. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of the spacing arrangement of the perception measurement units of the present invention; Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of a measurement area formed by multiple sensing measurement units; Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the range of preset wave velocity thresholds; Figure 4 Flow chart of the measurement and control method; Among them: 1—perception measurement unit; 11—measurement area unit; 2—tunnel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0026] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] The present invention relates to a concrete pouring quality measurement and control sensing system, which can be used for the quality detection of concrete pouring in a tunnel 2 and real-time monitoring of the density of concrete. A plurality of sensing and measuring units 1 are arranged on a concrete support mechanism at set positions to divide the concrete surface area to be measured into a plurality of approximately flat measurement surface area units 11. After the concrete is poured and vibrated, ultrasonic waves are promptly sent and received through the sensing and measuring units 1, and the ultrasonic wave transmission distance and wave transmission time are measured to calculate the wave velocity of the ultrasonic wave. The relationship between the wave velocity and a preset wave velocity threshold is compared to determine the concrete density of the measurement surface area unit 11, so as to facilitate timely taking remedial measures such as supplementary paddles and vibration for concrete with low density, and solve the problem of secondary repair in the later stage due to the non-compactness of concrete.

[0029] A concrete pouring quality measurement and control sensing system, specifically, Figure 1As shown, it includes a sensing and measuring unit 1 and a data processor. A plurality of the sensing and measuring units 1 are arranged at intervals on the concrete support structure to form a measuring surface unit 11. The plurality of the sensing and measuring units 1 can be arranged at intervals so that the concrete surface to be measured is divided into a plurality of measuring surface units 11 in a grid shape. A plurality of the sensing and measuring units 1 forming a measuring surface unit 11 are a measuring group. The sensing and measuring unit 1 includes an acoustic wave transceiver, a time recorder and a first distance sensor. The acoustic wave transceiver is used to send and receive ultrasonic waves (ultrasonic waves are also referred to as acoustic waves hereinafter) to the sensing and measuring units 1 forming the same measuring surface unit 11. The time recorder is used to record the time information of the measuring process. The information includes the sound transmission time of the ultrasonic wave sent by the sound wave transceiver and the sound receiving time of the ultrasonic wave received; the first distance sensor is arranged on the sound wave transceiver, and is used to measure the wave transmission distance between the sound wave transceivers of the perception measurement unit 1 forming the same measurement area unit 11; the data processor is connected to the perception measurement unit 1 in communication, and a Bluetooth module can be added to the perception measurement unit 1. The data processor is connected to the perception measurement unit 1 by Bluetooth, and is used to calculate the wave velocity according to the wave transmission time and wave transmission distance of the same ultrasonic wave, and compare the wave velocity with the preset wave velocity threshold to judge the density of the measurement area unit 11; the wave transmission time refers to the difference between the sound transmission time and the sound receiving time of the same ultrasonic wave. The wave transmission speed of ultrasonic waves in concrete of different densities is different. When ultrasonic waves propagate in concrete and encounter defects such as cavities, cracks, and agglomerations, the sound waves are diffracted, thereby increasing the sound path (propagation path), and causing the wave velocity to decrease when the wave transmission distance is constant. The density of concrete can be judged by comparing the wave velocity with the preset wave velocity threshold.

[0030] When the sensing and measuring unit 1 is actually deployed, after the secondary lining trolley in the tunnel 2 is assembled, positioned and fixed, the length of the tunnel 2 and the length of the cross section of the tunnel 2 (including the arc length of the arch curve and twice the height of the rectangle at the bottom of the tunnel, and the arc length when the tunnel 2 is a full arc) are measured. The length of the tunnel 2 and the cross section of the tunnel 2 are marked with a ruler according to the designed grid size, and the concrete surface area to be measured (the inner mold of the trolley) is divided into multiple rectangular grids of the approximate plane (such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the grid size is determined according to the actual conditions such as the length of the tunnel 2 and the curvature of the curved surface (for example, 3m*3m / 3m*5m). The sizes of multiple grids can be different. The corner points of each rectangular grid divided by the ruler are marked as installation points. An adsorption device (for example, a suction cup) is provided on the side of the sensing and measuring unit 1 close to the initial support surface of the tunnel 2, and multiple sensing and measuring units 1 are gradually adsorbed on the installation points to complete the layout.

[0031] In a certain embodiment, the preset wave velocity threshold is a range value, that is, the preset wave velocity threshold includes a preset wave velocity lower limit threshold and a preset wave velocity upper limit threshold greater than the preset wave velocity lower limit threshold, and the sound wave velocity is qualified between the preset wave velocity lower limit threshold and the preset wave velocity upper limit threshold; the wave velocity is less than the preset wave velocity lower limit threshold and or greater than the preset wave velocity upper limit threshold, which is a wave velocity abnormality, and the data processor can determine that the concrete density of the measurement area unit 11 is unqualified, that is, the measurement area unit 11 is unqualified. The propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in concrete of different levels of strength is different, and the propagation speed in concrete of different consolidation degrees is also different. The preset wave velocity lower limit threshold and the preset wave velocity upper limit threshold are set according to the actual situation of the corresponding concrete strength.

[0032] Based on the preset wave velocity threshold as the range value, the measurement and control system also includes an analog-to-digital converter and a display component; the perception and measurement unit 1 also includes a locator, which is used to transmit the spatial positioning information of the perception and measurement unit 1; the analog-to-digital converter is communicatively connected to the perception and measurement unit 1, and can establish a three-dimensional data model of the concrete surface area to be measured according to the positioning information of the locators of multiple perception and measurement units 1, and the measurement surface area unit 11 is correspondingly provided with a display unit on the three-dimensional data model; the analog-to-digital converter controls the display unit to display the density of the measurement surface area unit 11; the display component is used to display the three-dimensional data model, so as to facilitate intuitive understanding of the overall density of the concrete surface area to be measured.

[0033] Based on the perception, the measurement unit 1 also includes a locator, and the analog-to-digital converter is also used to adjust the display unit corresponding to the three-dimensional data model to display different colors according to the density of the measurement surface area unit 11. The density of the measurement surface area unit 11 is displayed in different colors at the corresponding position of the three-dimensional data model, which can highlight the measurement surface area unit 11 with poor density for easy observation.

[0034] In some embodiments, the sensing and measuring unit 1 also includes a second distance sensor, which is used to measure the vertical distance between the concrete surface (the surface of the concrete area to be measured) and the concrete support structure, and measures the vertical distance between the primary support surface of the tunnel 2 and the second lining formwork during actual use; the data processor can calculate the volume of the measuring area unit 11 based on the vertical distance and the wave transmission distance between multiple sensing and measuring units 1, calculate the sum of the volumes of all measuring area units 11 as the approximate pouring volume, and compare the approximate pouring volume with the preset pouring volume to determine the pouring situation. Specifically, the average of multiple vertical distances of the same measuring surface area unit 11 is used as the floor height of the concrete of the measuring surface area unit 11. For irregularly shaped measuring surface area units 11, a single measuring surface area unit 11 can be decomposed into multiple triangles, and the three sides of the triangle are the corresponding wave transmission distances. The area of ​​the triangle can be calculated using Heron's formula, and the area of ​​a single measuring surface area unit 11 can be obtained. The product of the area and the floor height is used to obtain the volume of the measuring surface area unit 11, and then the sum of the volumes of all measuring surface area units 11 is obtained as the volume of the concrete surface area to be measured. The volume of the concrete surface area to be measured is compared with the preset pouring volume as an approximate pouring volume close to the actual concrete pouring volume, so as to know whether the concrete poured according to the existing template is over-cubic or under-cubic.

[0035] In a certain embodiment, a plurality of the sensing and measuring units 1 are arranged at intervals to divide the concrete surface area to be measured into a plurality of rectangular or regular polygonal measuring surface area units 11 in a grid shape. The fixed points are easy to determine and are easier to install than other special-shaped structures. Reasonable design of the length and width of the rectangle can divide the arched tunnel 2 into a plurality of approximately planar measuring surface area units 11. At the same time, it is easy to calculate the volume of the measuring surface area unit 11 and thus obtain the volume of the concrete surface area to be measured, which is convenient for comparison with the preset pouring volume to determine whether it is over-cubic or under-cubic.

[0036] In some embodiments, the perception and measurement unit 1 also includes a status identification component, which is used to automatically display different status identifications according to the density of the measurement area unit 11. In a specific scheme, the status identification component includes a signal light component, which displays different light colors according to the density of the measurement area unit 11, that is, the status identification includes a qualified color identification and an unqualified color identification corresponding to qualified and unqualified densities, respectively. The signal light component includes a connection signal light, a power signal light, and a density signal light. The connection signal light is used to feedback the status of the perception and measurement unit 1 being connected to the data processor; the power signal light is used to feedback the power signal of the perception and measurement unit 1; the density signal light is used to feedback the unqualified sound wave information sent or received by the perception and measurement unit 1, so that the staff can find the corresponding measurement area unit 11 to take measures such as supplementary paddles and vibrations.

[0037] In actual use, multiple sensing and measuring units 1 are arranged in a matrix and fixed on the concrete support structure of the tunnel 2 to form multiple rectangular measuring surface units 11. The spacing of the matrix is ​​reasonably set so that the measuring surface unit 11 is approximately flat on the arched tunnel 2. The data processor and the analog-to-digital converter are integrated into one body, connected to the sensing and measuring unit 1 through Bluetooth, and the Bluetooth connection status is fed back through the signal light component. The vertical distance between the surface of the concrete surface to be measured (the second lining area of ​​the tunnel 2) and the concrete support structure is measured through the second distance sensor. The wave transmission distance between the sound wave transceivers in each measuring group is measured through the first distance sensor. After pouring concrete and vibrating, the sensing and measuring units 1 in each measuring group are different. The sound waves are sent to the group at the same time, and the time recorder records the sound emission time and sound reception time of each ultrasonic wave. The perception measurement units 1 of multiple measurement groups can send ultrasonic waves in the same direction at the same time. The data processor calculates the wave speed according to the wave transmission distance and the wave transmission time, and compares the wave speed with the preset wave speed threshold to judge the density of the measurement surface domain unit 11. The analog-to-digital converter establishes a three-dimensional data model with the positioning information of the perception measurement unit 1, and establishes a display unit corresponding to the measurement surface domain unit 11. The three-dimensional data model is displayed by the display component, and the density of the corresponding measurement surface domain unit 11 is displayed on the display unit by different colors. For example, green indicates that the density is qualified, and red indicates that the density is unqualified.

[0038] Another aspect of the present invention further provides a method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring. Using the concrete pouring quality measuring and controlling sensing system provided by the present invention, the measuring and controlling method includes: S1, arranging a plurality of sensing and measuring units 1 according to set positions to divide the concrete surface area to be measured into a plurality of measuring surface area units 11 in a grid shape; forming a plurality of sensing and measuring units 1 of a measuring surface area unit 11 as a measuring group; S2, measuring multiple wave transmission distances between the acoustic wave transceivers of each measurement group; this step can be completed before pouring concrete to prevent the concrete from affecting the measurement of the first distance sensor; S3, the sensing and measuring units 1 of each measurement group send ultrasonic waves to each other so that ultrasonic waves are transmitted between any two sensing and measuring units 1 in the group, and record the sound emission time and sound reception time of each ultrasonic wave; multiple sensing and measuring units 1 in the group do not send ultrasonic waves to each other at the same time, so as to avoid interference between multiple ultrasonic waves caused by multiple sensing and measuring units 1 in the group sending ultrasonic waves at the same time, thereby affecting the transmission of ultrasonic waves; S4. Calculate the wave velocity according to the wave propagation time and wave propagation distance of the same ultrasonic wave; the wave propagation time is the difference between the generation time and the sound receiving time of the same ultrasonic wave; S5. Compare the wave velocity with a preset wave velocity threshold to determine the compactness of the measurement area unit 11 of the measurement group; the compactness includes qualified and unqualified.

[0039] According to a concrete pouring quality measurement and control method provided by the present invention, in step S5, the preset wave velocity threshold includes a preset wave velocity lower limit threshold and a preset wave velocity upper limit threshold greater than the preset wave velocity lower limit threshold; the comparison of the wave velocity and the preset wave velocity threshold to judge the compactness of the measurement area unit 11 of the measurement group includes: S51. When the wave velocities of all ultrasonic waves in the same measurement group are between the preset wave velocity lower limit threshold and the preset wave velocity upper limit threshold, the measurement area unit 11 in the measurement group is judged to be qualified. The propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in concrete of different levels of strength is different. When the wave velocity is around 4000m / s, it indicates that the density of concrete is good. In a specific scheme, the preset wave velocity lower limit threshold is 2500m / s, the preset wave velocity upper limit threshold is 5000m / s, and when the wave velocities of all ultrasonic waves in the measurement group are between 2500-5000m / s, the concrete density of the measurement area unit 11 is judged to be qualified.

[0040] According to a concrete pouring quality measurement and control method provided by the present invention, in step S5, the comparison of wave velocity and a preset wave velocity threshold is used to determine the compactness of the measurement area unit 11 of the measurement group, and further includes: S52: When any wave velocity in the same measurement group is less than a preset wave velocity lower limit threshold or greater than a preset wave velocity upper limit threshold, it is determined that the measurement area unit 11 where the ultrasonic wave sensing and measuring unit 1 is located is unqualified.

[0041] The perception measurement unit 1 at both ends of the ultrasonic wave is not limited to one measurement surface area unit 11. For example, adjacent measurement surface area units 11 share at least two perception measurement units 1. The shared perception measurement unit 1 participates in forming two adjacent measurement surface area units 11 in two measurement groups at the same time, and both measurement surface area units 11 are judged to be unqualified.

[0042] A method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring provided by the present invention further includes: S6. Displaying a status mark of the compactness of the measuring area unit 11 on each sensing measuring unit 1 of the measuring group; the status mark comprises a qualified color mark and an unqualified color mark corresponding to qualified and unqualified compactness respectively.

[0043] A method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring provided by the present invention further includes: S7. Measure the vertical distance between the surface of the concrete area to be measured and the concrete supporting structure, obtain the volume of the measuring area unit 11 according to the vertical distance and multiple wave transmission distances, calculate the sum of the volumes of all measuring area units 11 as the approximate pouring volume, and compare the approximate pouring volume with the preset pouring volume to determine whether the pouring volume is over or under.

[0044] A method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring provided by the present invention further includes: S8. Collect the positioning information of multiple perception and measurement units 1, and establish a three-dimensional data model of the concrete surface area to be measured based on the positioning information of the multiple perception and measurement units 1, and the measurement surface area units 11 have a one-to-one corresponding display unit in the three-dimensional data model, and the density of the measurement surface area unit 11 is displayed on the display unit of the three-dimensional data model.

[0045] According to a concrete pouring quality measurement and control method provided by the present invention, in step S1, the multiple sensing and measuring units 1 are arranged at set positions, including arranging the multiple sensing and measuring units 1 in a matrix to form a plurality of rectangular measurement surface units 11, and adjacent measurement surface units 11 share at least two sensing and measuring units 1.

[0046] During actual detection, multiple sensing and measuring units 1 are arranged in a matrix to divide the concrete surface area to be tested into a plurality of rectangular measuring surface area units 11 in a grid shape. Before pouring concrete, multiple wave transmission distances between the sound wave transceivers of each measuring group and the vertical distance between the concrete surface and the initial support surface of the tunnel 2 are measured. After pouring concrete and vibrating, the sensing and measuring units 1 in each measuring group send sound waves to the group non-simultaneously, and the sound emission time and sound reception time of each ultrasonic wave are recorded to calculate the wave transmission time. The sensing and measuring units 1 of multiple measuring groups can send ultrasonic waves in the same direction at the same time, and the wave speed is calculated according to the wave transmission distance and the wave transmission time. When all the wave speeds in the measuring group are between 2500-5000m / s, it is judged that The concrete density of the measuring surface area unit 11 is qualified; when any wave speed in the measuring group is less than 2500m / s or greater than 5000m / s, the measuring surface area unit 11 of the group is judged to be unqualified; when the measuring surface area unit 11 is qualified, the display unit corresponding to the three-dimensional data model displays green, and the signal light component of the sensing measurement unit 1 displays green as a qualified color mark; when the measuring surface area unit 11 is unqualified, the display unit corresponding to the three-dimensional data model displays red, and the signal light component of the sensing measurement unit 1 displays red as an unqualified color mark, which is convenient for construction personnel to quickly and accurately find the measuring surface area unit 11 with unqualified concrete density, and take remedial measures such as grouting and vibration in time.

[0047] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A concrete pouring quality measurement and control sensing system, characterized in that: include, A sensing and measuring unit, wherein a plurality of the sensing and measuring units are arranged at intervals on the concrete support structure to form a measuring surface unit, and the sensing and measuring unit comprises: An acoustic wave transceiver, the acoustic wave transceiver is used to send and receive ultrasonic waves to the sensing and measuring units forming the same measuring surface unit; A time recorder, which is used to record the time information of the measurement process, including the sound emission time of the ultrasonic wave and the sound reception time of the ultrasonic wave; A first distance sensor, which is provided on the sound wave transceiver and is used to measure the wave transmission distance between the sound wave transceivers of the sensing measurement units forming the same measurement area unit; A data processor is communicatively connected with the sensing and measuring unit, and is used to calculate the wave velocity according to the wave transmission time and wave transmission distance of the same ultrasonic wave, and compare the wave velocity with a preset wave velocity threshold to determine the density of the measurement area unit; the wave transmission time refers to the difference between the sound emission time and the sound reception time of the same ultrasonic wave.

2. A concrete pouring quality measurement and control sensing system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The preset wave velocity threshold includes a preset wave velocity lower limit threshold and a preset wave velocity upper limit threshold greater than the preset wave velocity lower limit threshold; the compactness condition includes qualified and unqualified; When the wave velocities of all ultrasonic waves in the same measurement area unit are within a range from a preset wave velocity lower limit threshold to a preset wave velocity upper limit threshold, the data processor determines that the concrete density of the measurement area unit is qualified.

3. A concrete pouring quality measurement and control sensing system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an analog-to-digital converter and a display assembly; the sensing and measuring unit also includes a locator; the analog-to-digital converter is used to establish a three-dimensional data model of the concrete surface area to be measured according to the positioning information of the locators of the multiple sensing and measuring units; the measuring surface area unit is provided with a display unit corresponding to the three-dimensional data model; The analog-to-digital converter controls the display unit to display the density of the measurement area unit; the display component is used to display the three-dimensional data model.

4. A concrete pouring quality measurement, control and sensing system as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The sensing and measuring unit also includes a second distance sensor, which is used to measure the vertical distance between the concrete surface and the concrete supporting structure; the data processor can calculate the measurement area unit volume based on the vertical distance and the wave transmission distance between multiple sensing and measuring units, calculate the sum of all measurement area unit volumes as the approximate pouring volume, and compare the approximate pouring volume with the preset pouring volume to determine the volume pouring situation.

5. A concrete pouring quality measurement, control and sensing system as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The perception measurement unit further includes a state identification component, which is used to display different state identifications according to the density of the measurement area unit.

6. A method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring, characterized in that: Using the concrete pouring quality measurement and control perception system as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, the measurement and control method includes: Arrange the plurality of sensing measurement units at set positions to divide the concrete surface area to be measured into a plurality of measurement surface area units in a grid shape; A plurality of sensing measurement units forming a measurement area unit is a measurement group; measuring a plurality of wave propagation distances between the acoustic wave transceivers of each measurement group; Ultrasonic waves are transmitted between the sensing measurement units of each measurement group so that there is ultrasonic wave transmission between any two sensing measurement units in the group, and the sound emission time and sound reception time of each ultrasonic wave are recorded; The wave velocity is calculated based on the wave propagation time and wave propagation distance of the same ultrasonic wave; The wave velocity is compared with a preset wave velocity threshold to determine the compactness of the measurement area unit of the measurement group; the compactness includes qualified and unqualified.

7. A method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The preset wave speed threshold comprises a preset wave speed lower limit threshold and a preset wave speed upper limit threshold which is greater than the preset wave speed lower limit threshold; The comparison of the wave velocity and the preset wave velocity threshold determines the compactness of the measurement area unit of the measurement group, include, When the wave velocities of all ultrasonic waves in the same measurement group are between a preset wave velocity lower limit threshold and a preset wave velocity upper limit threshold, the measurement area units in the measurement group are judged to be qualified.

8. A method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The step of comparing the wave velocity with a preset wave velocity threshold to determine the density of the measurement area unit of the measurement group further includes: When any wave speed in the measurement group is less than a preset wave speed lower limit threshold or greater than a preset wave speed upper limit threshold, the measurement area unit where the sensing measurement unit for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves is located is judged to be unqualified.

9. A method for measuring and controlling concrete pouring quality as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a status mark corresponding to the density of the measurement area unit displayed on each perception measurement unit of the measurement group; the status mark includes a qualified color mark and an unqualified color mark corresponding to qualified and unqualified density respectively.

10. A method for measuring and controlling concrete pouring quality as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The method also includes measuring the vertical distance between the surface of the concrete area to be measured and the concrete supporting structure, obtaining the unit volume of the measured area based on the vertical distance and multiple wave transmission distances, calculating the sum of all the unit volumes of the measured area as the approximate pouring volume, and comparing the approximate pouring volume with the preset pouring volume to determine whether the pouring volume exceeds or exceeds the limit.

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