Solar electric heat tracing thermal insulation system of metro vehicle base

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar electric heat tracing thermal insulation system of a metro vehicle base, which comprises a solar panel, a bidirectional power supply, electric heat tracing equipment and a control system, and further comprises a power supply time analysis module, a power supply shear module and an energy panel control and regulation module which are connected with the control system. According to the invention, multiple factors such as the output voltage, the use duration, the environment temperature and the voltage transmission threshold can be comprehensively considered, the voltage stable-off value is calculated and monitored in real time, and the power supply mode of the circuit is adjusted in time according to the numerical change of the voltage stable-off value, so that a more appropriate power supply is selected to supply power to a control system, and the power supply efficiency is improved. The feed use condition of the bidirectional power supply caused by the reduction of the electric quantity of the bidirectional power supply is avoided, and the feed use of the bidirectional power supply for supplying power to the electric heat tracing equipment and the control system is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of solar electric heating, in particular to a solar electric heating and insulation system for a subway vehicle base. Background Art

[0002] The solar electric heating insulation system of the subway vehicle base is an innovative way of energy utilization. It combines solar energy technology and electric heating technology to provide an effective insulation solution for the subway vehicle base. The system is mainly composed of solar panels, bidirectional power supplies and electric heating equipment. First, the solar panels are installed on the roof of the vehicle base or in a suitable location around it, making full use of the land resources around the subway vehicle base and on the roof to absorb sunlight and convert it into electrical energy and transmit it to the bidirectional power supply for current conversion and storage. The stored electricity is then used to drive the electric heating equipment, thereby providing insulation for the base and reducing the amount of grid electricity consumed by the subway vehicle base due to the use of electric heating equipment, thus conforming to the concept of sustainable development.

[0003] Solar power generation is intermittent. When there are continuous cloudy days or rainy and snowy weather, the solar panels will not be able to absorb enough solar energy to maintain the power of the two-way power supply. At this time, if the original power supply mode is maintained, the two-way power supply may be used for feeding. However, the solar electric heating and insulation system of the subway vehicle base in the prior art lacks corresponding measures to prevent the use of two-way power feeding and monitor the solar panels. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art of lacking corresponding measures to prevent and block the use of bidirectional power supply and inconvenient control and adjustment of solar panels, and to propose a solar electric heating and insulation system for a subway vehicle base.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A solar electric heating and insulation system for a subway vehicle base, comprising a solar panel, a bidirectional power supply, an electric heating device, a control system, and also comprising a power supply and consumption time analysis module, a power supply shear module, and an energy board control and regulation module connected to the control system;

[0006] The power consumption time analysis module obtains the total current generated by all solar panels in real time and records it as the current value, draws a curve of the current value changing with time, presets a total consumption value, and performs image analysis and calculation based on the current value changing with time curve. According to the total consumption value, a power storage threshold is set, and the total consumption value is compared with the power storage threshold. When the total consumption value is less than the power storage threshold, the normal power supply of the bidirectional power supply is maintained. When the total consumption value is greater than the power storage threshold, the power supply mode is switched through the power supply shear module;

[0007] The power supply shear module includes a backup battery. The power supply shear module obtains the current output voltage of the bidirectional power supply, the usage time and the ambient temperature of the environment in which the bidirectional power supply is located, sets an input voltage threshold, performs a comprehensive comparative analysis of the output voltage, the usage time, the ambient temperature and the input voltage threshold, and selects the backup battery or the bidirectional power supply as the power supply to power the control system according to the analysis results;

[0008] The energy panel control and adjustment module includes an angle adjustment mechanism for adjusting the tilt angle of the solar panel. The energy panel control and adjustment module also includes a light following unit and a self-cleaning unit. The light following unit obtains the current generated by each solar panel in real time and records it as an instantaneous current value, and adjusts the tilt angle of the solar panel according to the instantaneous current value; the self-cleaning unit obtains the pressure value transmitted to the mounting frame by the solar panel and the mounting shaft and records it as an instantaneous pressure value, and controls the swing of the solar panel through the angle adjustment mechanism according to the instantaneous pressure value.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calculation process of the total consumption value by the supply and consumption time analysis module is as follows:

[0010] Taking one day as a fixed period, the time axis in the current value versus time curve is divided into multiple segment intervals from 0:00 to 24:00, the area enclosed by the current value and the time axis in each interval is calculated and recorded as the power generation value, the power generation value is the power generation of the solar panel on the date corresponding to the interval, and a line graph of the power generation value versus date is drawn. A first power generation threshold and a second power generation threshold are preset respectively, and the first power generation threshold is less than the second power generation threshold. In the line graph of the power generation value versus date, straight lines represented by the first power generation threshold and the second power generation threshold are drawn, and the date when the power generation value is greater than the second power generation threshold is recorded as the overcharge date, the date when the power generation value is greater than the first power generation threshold and less than the second power generation threshold is recorded as the stable charge date, and the date when the power generation value is less than the first power generation threshold is recorded as the differential charge date, a power consumption value is set, and the power consumption value is assigned according to the date label, and a power storage threshold is set, and the sum of the power consumption values ​​corresponding to all dates between the current date and the most recent overcharge date is calculated, and the sum is used as the total consumption value.

[0011] As a preferred implementation of the present invention, the process of the power supply shear module analyzing, calculating and switching the power supply is as follows:

[0012] The output voltage, usage time, ambient temperature and input voltage threshold are normalized and recorded as input voltage β SY , make time β SS , ambient temperature β HW and pressure threshold β YY , the input pressure β SY , ambient temperature β HW , and pressure threshold β YY Substituting into the formula β YY Substitute into the formula The voltage stability value α of the bidirectional power supply is obtained by calculation, where λ1, λ2, λ3, λ4, η SM They are all preset weight factors. When the bidirectional power supply voltage steady-state value α is equal to 0, the backup battery is switched to power the control system; when the bidirectional power supply voltage steady-state value α is equal to 1, the bidirectional power supply to the control system is maintained.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the angle adjustment mechanism includes a mounting shaft fixedly connected to the bottom of the solar panel, a mounting frame is provided under the solar panel, both ends of the mounting shaft are rotatably connected to the mounting frame, one end of the mounting shaft is fixedly connected to a driving rod, the driving rod is radially arranged along the mounting shaft, an electric-controlled telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the mounting frame, the extension length of the output end of the electric-controlled telescopic rod is controlled by the energy panel control and adjustment module, the output end of the electric-controlled telescopic rod is fixedly connected to a driving column, a driving groove is provided on the driving rod, and the driving column is located in the driving groove and conflicts with the driving rod.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of the light following unit adjusting the tilt angle of the solar panel according to the instantaneous current value is as follows:

[0015] An initial angle and a recovery time are set, and the solar panel recovers to the initial angle after the transient current value is equal to 0 and continues to recover for a long time. A detection cycle is set, and the transient current value of the solar panel is obtained every detection cycle. The difference between the last obtained transient current value and the current transient current value is calculated to obtain the transient value. A transient threshold is set, and the transient value is compared with the transient threshold. When the transient value is greater than 0 and less than or equal to the transient threshold, an angle adjustment instruction is generated to control the rotation of the telescopic drive installation shaft at the output end of the electric telescopic rod. When the transient value is less than 0 or greater than or equal to the transient threshold, the angle of the solar panel is kept unchanged until the transient current value is equal to 0 and continues to recover for a long time or the transient value is greater than 0 and less than or equal to the transient threshold.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a curve of the angle value of the solar panel rotated relative to the initial angle and the change of the telescopic rod extension length is preset and recorded as an angle length correlation curve, an index coordinate system is established with the relative rotation angle value of the solar panel as the vertical axis and the extension length value of the electric-controlled telescopic rod as the horizontal axis, and the angle length correlation curve is drawn in the rectangular coordinate system, a curve segment is intercepted on the angle length correlation curve with a fixed angle value, the horizontal axis coordinate values ​​corresponding to the endpoints of the curve segment are recorded and sequentially form a target value set, and the extension value change of the output end of the electric-controlled telescopic rod is controlled according to the size and sequence of the element values ​​in the target value set.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the self-cleaning unit adjusts the tilt angle of the solar panel according to the instantaneous pressure value in the following specific process:

[0018] An observation cycle is set, the transient pressure value in the most recent observation cycle is recorded, and multiple transient pressure values ​​with equal recording time intervals are extracted and recorded as transient pressure analysis values. A transient pressure threshold is set, and all transient pressure analysis values ​​recorded in the most recent observation cycle are compared with the transient pressure threshold. When all transient pressure analysis values ​​are greater than or equal to the transient pressure threshold, an instruction to clean the solar panels is generated to control the electric telescopic rod to reciprocate and retract a certain stroke. Otherwise, no operation is performed and the observation continues.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transient pressure analysis value is Pa i , where i is the record number of the transient pressure analysis value, for element Pa i , i performs a univariate linear regression analysis to obtain a bivariate linear fitting function model, and calculates the model fitting of the function model R 2 , set a fitting threshold R 2′ , the R of the calculated function model 2 The threshold R of the fitting case 2′ For comparison, when R 2 Greater than or equal to R 2′ , it means that the solar panels may be covered by snow, and an instruction to clean the solar panels is generated to control the electric telescopic rod to reciprocate and extend for a certain distance; otherwise, no operation is performed and observation continues.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The power supply and consumption analysis module of the present invention obtains the total current generated by all solar panels and records it as the current production value, thereby obtaining a curve chart of the current production value change, and further analyzes the curve chart of the current production value change to obtain the daily power production value, so that the amount of electricity generated by the solar panels every day can be intuitively understood, and then the daily power production value and the preset power consumption value are jointly calculated and analyzed to obtain the current remaining power status of the bidirectional power supply, so as to timely discover the possible power feeding situation of the bidirectional power supply, and the power supply shearing module further calculates and analyzes before the power feeding occurs to protect the bidirectional power supply.

[0022] 2. The power supply shearing module of the present invention comprehensively considers multiple factors such as output voltage, usage time, ambient temperature and input voltage threshold and calculates the voltage steady-state value, monitors the voltage steady-state value in real time, and adjusts the power supply mode of the circuit in time according to the numerical change of the voltage steady-state value, so as to select a more suitable power supply to power the control system, avoid the use of bidirectional power supply feeding caused by the reduction of the power of the bidirectional power supply, prevent the use of bidirectional power supply feeding, thereby achieving the purpose of extending the service life of the bidirectional power supply and improving the use effect of the bidirectional power supply.

[0023] 3. The energy panel control and adjustment module of the present invention is provided with an angle adjustment mechanism for adjusting the tilt angle of the solar panel. The tilt angle of the solar panel can be accurately controlled according to the extension and shortening of the output end of the electric-controlled telescopic rod, which greatly improves the sunlight angle range that the solar panel can adapt to. The angle adjustment mechanism is controlled by a light following unit and a self-cleaning unit. The light following unit can calculate and analyze the change in the current value generated by the solar panel so that the solar panel maintains a good angle to absorb solar energy, and the self-cleaning unit can control the solar panel to swing within a certain angle range through the angle adjustment mechanism to clear the snow on the solar panel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a principle block diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the power generation value changing with date according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the angle adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the angle length correlation curve of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. solar panel; 2. mounting shaft; 3. mounting frame; 4. driving rod; 5. electric telescopic rod; 6. driving column; 7. driving slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] See also Figures 1 to 4As shown, a solar electric heating and heat preservation system for a subway vehicle base includes a solar panel 1, a bidirectional power supply, an electric heating device, and a control system. The solar panel 1 is composed of a plurality of photovoltaic cells, each of which can convert sunlight into direct current and output it to the bidirectional power supply. The solar panel 1 covers the wide roof of the subway vehicle base and can obtain solar energy over a large area. The bidirectional power supply stores the direct current output by the photovoltaic cell and inverts it into alternating current when outputting it. The alternating current generated by the bidirectional power supply can be used to operate the electric heating device in the subway vehicle base. The electric heating device is usually composed of a resistance wire or an electric heating element. The heat generated is used to heat pipes, equipment or other objects that need to be insulated to maintain their temperature or prevent freezing, thereby maintaining the normal operation of various important parts in the subway vehicle base. The control system controls the normal operation of the electric heating device and the monitoring and control of various electrical components. The system also includes a supply and consumption time analysis module, a power supply shear module, and an energy board control and regulation module connected to the control system.

[0032] The supply and consumption time analysis module obtains the total current generated by all solar panels 1 in real time and records it as the current value. Draw a curve of the current value changing with time. The time axis is divided into multiple intervals from 0 to 24 hours with a fixed period of one day. The area enclosed by the current value and the time axis in each interval is calculated and recorded as the power value. The power value is the power generation of solar panel 1 on the date corresponding to the interval. A rectangular coordinate system is established with the date as the horizontal axis and the power value as the vertical axis. A line graph of the power value changing with the date is drawn. Figure 2 , respectively preset a first power generation threshold and a second power generation threshold, the first power generation threshold is less than the second power generation threshold, draw the straight line represented by the first power generation threshold and the second power generation threshold in the line graph of power generation value changing with date, record the date when the power generation value is greater than the second power generation threshold as the overcharge date, record the date when the power generation value is greater than the first power generation threshold and less than the second power generation threshold as the stable charge date, and record the date when the power generation value is less than the first power generation threshold as the differential charge date, set a power consumption value, assign the power consumption value according to the date label, specifically, when the date is the overcharge date and the stable charge date, the power consumption value is 0, and when the date is the differential charge date, the power consumption value is 1, set a power storage threshold, extract the sum of the power consumption values ​​corresponding to all dates between the current date and the most recent overcharge date and record it as the total consumption value, compare the total consumption value with the power storage threshold, when the total consumption value is less than the power storage threshold, maintain the normal power supply of the bidirectional power supply, when the total consumption value is greater than the power storage threshold, monitor the voltage change of the bidirectional power supply through the power supply shear module and calculate and analyze, and switch the power supply mode according to the analysis result.

[0033] The power supply shear module includes a backup battery. The power supply shear module obtains the current output voltage of the bidirectional power supply, the usage time and the ambient temperature of the environment where the bidirectional power supply is located, sets an input voltage threshold, normalizes the output voltage, usage time, ambient temperature and input voltage threshold and records them as input voltage βSY , make time β SS Ambient temperature β HW and pressure threshold β YY , the input pressure β SY , ambient temperature β HW and pressure threshold β YY Substituting into the formula β YY Substitute into the formula The voltage stability value α of the bidirectional power supply is obtained by calculation, where λ1, λ2, λ3, λ4, η SM They are all preset weight factors and are set by the staff during the specific implementation process. When the voltage stabilization value α of the bidirectional power supply is equal to 0, the circuit connection between the bidirectional power supply and the electric heating equipment is disconnected, and the backup battery is switched to power the control system; when the voltage stabilization value α of the bidirectional power supply is equal to 1, the bidirectional power supply to the control system is maintained.

[0034] It should be noted that when the voltage stabilization value α of the bidirectional power supply is equal to 0, it means that the voltage value of the bidirectional power supply drops below the preset value, which means that continued use will cause the bidirectional power supply to be used for power feeding, seriously affecting the service life of the bidirectional power supply and the power supply stability of the control system. When the power in the bidirectional power supply is exhausted, the control system cannot be started again, which may cause the key equipment to be unusable. On the contrary, it means that the voltage of the bidirectional power supply can continue to maintain the operation of the control system. When the voltage stabilization value α judgment formula compares the output voltage and the input voltage threshold, it comprehensively corrects the comparison result by substituting the usage time and ambient temperature to compensate for the negative impact of the bidirectional power supply caused by the increase in usage time or the decrease in ambient temperature, so that the comparison result is more in line with the actual situation. The power supply shear module monitors the voltage stabilization value in real time, and adjusts the power supply mode of the circuit in time according to the numerical change of the voltage stabilization value, so as to select a more suitable power supply to power the control system, prevent the bidirectional power supply from being used for power feeding, and protect and extend the service life of the bidirectional power supply.

[0035] Reference Figure 3The energy panel control and adjustment module includes an angle adjustment mechanism for adjusting the tilt angle of the solar panel 1, and the angle adjustment mechanism includes a mounting shaft 2 fixedly connected to the bottom of the solar panel 1, and a mounting frame 3 is provided under the solar panel 1, and both ends of the mounting shaft 2 are rotatably connected to the mounting frame 3, and one end of the mounting shaft 2 is fixedly connected to a driving rod 4, and the driving rod 4 is radially arranged along the mounting shaft 2, and an electric-controlled telescopic rod 5 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 3, and the electric-controlled telescopic rod 5 is perpendicular to the mounting shaft 2, and the extension length of the output end of the electric-controlled telescopic rod 5 is controlled by the energy panel control and adjustment module, and the output end of the electric-controlled telescopic rod 5 is fixedly connected to a driving column 6, and the A driving groove 7 is provided on the driving rod 4, and the driving column 6 is located in the driving groove 7 and contacts the driving rod 4. When the output end of the electric telescopic rod 5 is extended and contracted, the driving column 6 will be driven to move in a direction perpendicular to the installation axis 2. The driving column 6 is located in the driving groove 7 and slides and contacts the driving rod 4, forcing the driving rod 4 to rotate around the axis of the installation axis 2, thereby rotating the installation axis 2 rigidly connected to the driving rod 4, and then rotating the solar panel 1, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the tilt angle of the solar panel 1. In addition, a pressure sensor is provided between the installation axis 2 and the mounting frame 3 to obtain the pressure value transmitted by the solar panel 1 and the installation axis 2 to the mounting frame 3. The energy panel control module also includes an illumination following unit and a self-cleaning unit. The illumination following unit obtains the current generated by each solar panel 1 in real time and records it as an instantaneous current value. According to the instantaneous current value, the tilt angle of the solar panel 1 is adjusted so that the solar panel 1 can obtain solar energy to the maximum extent. The self-cleaning unit obtains the pressure value displayed by the pressure sensor corresponding to the solar panel 1 and records it as an instantaneous pressure value. According to the instantaneous pressure value, the tilt angle of the solar panel 1 is adjusted through the angle adjustment mechanism to clean the covering on the surface of the solar panel 1.

[0036] It should be noted that each solar panel 1 is equipped with an angle adjustment mechanism, and each angle adjustment mechanism is individually regulated by the panel control module, that is, the inclination angle of each solar panel 1 is determined by the real-time current generated by itself or the pressure transmitted to the mounting frame 3 by the connecting mounting shaft 2, and has nothing to do with the inclination angle of other solar panels 1, and the instantaneous current value is different from the current production value, and the current production value is the sum of all instantaneous current values ​​at the same time. In addition, there is a gap between adjacent solar panels 1 during installation to ensure that the shadow of the solar panel 1 will not affect other solar panels 1 after it is rotated to a certain angle.

[0037] The specific process of the light following unit adjusting the tilt angle of the solar panel 1 according to the instantaneous current value is as follows:

[0038] An initial angle is set, and the setting of the initial angle is adjusted and set by the staff according to the local sunrise direction, so that when the solar panel 1 is located at the initial angle state, the sunrise sunlight can directly illuminate the solar panel 1, and a recovery time is set. The solar panel 1 recovers to the initial angle after the transient current value is equal to 0 and the recovery time is continuous. A detection cycle is set, and the transient current value of the solar panel 1 is obtained once every detection cycle, and the difference between the last obtained transient current value and the current transient current value is calculated to obtain the transient value, and a transient threshold is set. The transient value is compared with the transient threshold. When the transient value is greater than 0 and less than or equal to the transient threshold, an angle adjustment instruction is generated to control the telescopic drive installation shaft 2 at the output end of the electric control telescopic rod 5 to rotate, so that the solar panel 1 rotates a fixed angle toward the sunset direction. For more details, refer to Figure 4 A curve of the angle value of the solar panel 1 rotated relative to the initial angle and the extension length of the telescopic rod is preset and recorded as an angle length correlation curve. An index coordinate system is established with the relative rotation angle value of the solar panel 1 as the vertical axis and the extension length value of the electric-controlled telescopic rod 5 as the horizontal axis, and the angle length correlation curve is drawn in the rectangular coordinate system. A curve segment is intercepted on the angle length correlation curve with a fixed angle value, and the horizontal axis coordinate values ​​corresponding to the endpoints of the curve segment are recorded and formed into a target value set in sequence. The extension value change of the output end of the electric-controlled telescopic rod 5 is controlled according to the element value size and sequence in the target value set. When the transient value is less than 0 or greater than or equal to the transient threshold, the angle of the solar panel 1 is kept unchanged until the transient flow value is equal to 0 and the recovery time is continuous or the transient value is greater than 0 and less than or equal to the transient threshold.

[0039] It should be noted that when the transient value is greater than 0 and less than or equal to the transient threshold, it means that the angle of sunlight is offset, resulting in a decrease in the solar energy absorbed by the solar panel 1. The inclination angle of the solar panel 1 needs to be adjusted to allow it to absorb more solar energy. When the transient value is less than 0, it means that the solar panel 1 is in a suitable position and the solar energy absorbed is on an upward trend. When the transient value is greater than or equal to the transient threshold, it means that it may be temporarily in the shadow of a cloud or in a cloudy day, thereby avoiding misjudgment caused by cloud shadows and cloudy days. The transient threshold can be adjusted by the staff according to the different sunshine hours caused by different seasons.

[0040] The specific process of the self-cleaning unit adjusting the tilt angle of the solar panel 1 according to the instantaneous pressure value is as follows:

[0041] An observation cycle is set, the transient pressure value in the most recent observation cycle is recorded, and multiple transient pressure values ​​with equal recording time intervals are extracted and recorded as transient pressure analysis values. A transient pressure threshold is set, and all transient pressure analysis values ​​recorded in the most recent observation cycle are compared with the transient pressure threshold. When all transient pressure analysis values ​​are greater than or equal to the transient pressure threshold, an instruction to clean the solar panel 1 is generated to control the electric telescopic rod 5 to reciprocate and retract a certain stroke. Otherwise, no operation is performed and observation continues.

[0042] Furthermore, the transient pressure analysis value is recorded as Pa i , where i is the record number of the transient pressure analysis value, for example, Pa1 represents the transient pressure analysis value with the most preceding record order in the most recent observation period. i , i performs a univariate linear regression analysis to obtain a bivariate linear fitting function model, and calculates the model fitting of the function model R 2 , set a fitting threshold R 2 , the R of the calculated function model 2 The threshold R of the fitting case 2′ For comparison, when R 2 Greater than or equal to R 2′ , it means that the solar panel 1 may be covered by snow, and an instruction to clean the solar panel 1 is generated to control the electric telescopic rod 5 to reciprocate and retract within a certain stroke, so that the solar panel 1 swings within a certain angle range; otherwise, no operation is performed and observation continues.

[0043] It should be noted that the univariate linear regression analysis and the fitting of the univariate linear regression analysis result model are R 2 The calculation of the values ​​is an existing statistical analysis method. Through the univariate linear regression analysis, it is possible to quickly find out whether there is a significant linear relationship between the transient pressure analysis value and the recording order, so as to find out whether the pressure value change of the solar panel 1 has a significant relationship with the time change, and then judge whether there is snow on the surface of the solar panel 1. Because the formation of snow on the surface of the solar panel 1 is strongly correlated with time, when R 2 Greater than or equal to R 2′ When R 2 Less than R 2′ , which means that the solar panel 1 may be affected by wind force and subjected to irregular wind pressure, causing the instantaneous pressure value to increase or decrease irregularly.

[0044] When the present invention is in use, the power consumption time analysis module obtains the total current generated by all solar panels 1 and records it as the current production value, and analyzes the change curve of the current production value to obtain the daily power production value, so as to know the power situation generated by the solar panel 1 every day, and through joint calculation and analysis with the preset power consumption value, the current remaining power situation of the two-way power supply is learned, so that under the premise of the reduction of the two-way power supply, the power supply shearing module further calculates and analyzes, and controls whether the two-way power supply or the backup battery supplies power to the control system through the analysis and calculation results, so as to avoid the use of the two-way power supply feeding caused by the reduction of the two-way power supply, thereby extending the use of the two-way power supply. The solar panel 1 is electrically connected to the electric control rod 5 so that it can be easily connected to the solar panel 1. The electric control rod 5 is electrically connected to the electric control rod 5 and can be easily connected to the electric panel 1. The electric control rod 5 is electrically connected to the electric control rod 5 and can be easily connected to the electric panel 1. The electric control rod 5 is electrically connected to the electric panel 1. The electric panel 1 is electrically connected to the electric panel 1.

[0045] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A solar electric heating and insulation system for a subway vehicle base, comprising a solar panel (1), a bidirectional power supply, an electric heating device, and a control system, characterized in that: It also includes a power consumption time analysis module, a power supply shear module, and an energy board control and regulation module connected to the control system; The power consumption time analysis module obtains the total current generated by all solar panels (1) in real time and records it as the current value, draws a curve of the current value changing with time, presets a total consumption value, performs image analysis and calculation based on the current value changing with time curve, sets a power storage threshold value based on the total consumption value, compares the total consumption value with the power storage threshold value, maintains normal power supply of the bidirectional power supply when the total consumption value is less than the power storage threshold value, and switches the power supply mode through the power supply switching module when the total consumption value is greater than the power storage threshold value; The calculation process of the total consumption value by the supply and consumption time analysis module is as follows: Taking one day as a fixed period, the time axis in the current value versus time curve is divided into multiple segment intervals from 0:00 to 24:00, the area enclosed by the current value and the time axis in each interval is calculated and recorded as the power generation value, the power generation value is the power generation of the solar panel (1) on the date corresponding to the interval, a line graph of the power generation value versus date is drawn, a first power generation threshold and a second power generation threshold are preset respectively, the first power generation threshold is less than the second power generation threshold, a straight line represented by the first power generation threshold and the second power generation threshold is drawn in the power generation value versus date line graph, the date when the power generation value is greater than the second power generation threshold is recorded as the overcharge date, the date when the power generation value is greater than the first power generation threshold and less than the second power generation threshold is recorded as the stable charge date, the date when the power generation value is less than the first power generation threshold is recorded as the differential charge date, a power consumption value is set, the power consumption value is assigned according to the date label, a power storage threshold is set, the sum of the power consumption values ​​corresponding to all dates between the current date and the most recent overcharge date is calculated, and the sum is taken as the total consumption value; The power supply shearing module includes a backup battery. The power supply shearing module obtains the current output voltage of the bidirectional power supply, the usage time and the ambient temperature of the environment in which the bidirectional power supply is located, sets an input voltage threshold, performs a comprehensive comparative analysis of the output voltage, the usage time, the ambient temperature and the input voltage threshold, and selects the backup battery or the bidirectional power supply as the power supply to power the control system according to the analysis results; The process of analyzing, calculating and switching the power supply by the power supply shear module is as follows: The output voltage, usage time, ambient temperature and input voltage threshold are normalized and recorded as input voltage β SY , make time β SS 、Ambient temperature β HW and pressure threshold β YY , the input pressure β SY 、Ambient temperature β HW and pressure threshold β YY Substituting into the formula β YY Substitute into the formula The voltage stability value α of the bidirectional power supply is obtained by calculation, where λ1, λ2, λ3, λ4, η SM These are all preset weight factors. When the bidirectional power supply voltage steady-state value α is equal to 0, the control system is powered by the backup battery; when the bidirectional power supply voltage steady-state value α is equal to 1, the bidirectional power supply is maintained to power the control system. The panel control and adjustment module comprises an angle adjustment mechanism for adjusting the tilt angle of a solar panel (1). The panel control and adjustment module also comprises a light following unit and a self-cleaning unit. The light following unit obtains the current generated by each solar panel (1) in real time and records it as an instantaneous current value, and adjusts the tilt angle of the solar panel (1) according to the instantaneous current value. The self-cleaning unit obtains the pressure value transmitted from the solar panel (1) and the mounting shaft (2) to the mounting frame (3) and records it as an instantaneous pressure value, and controls the swing of the solar panel (1) through the angle adjustment mechanism according to the instantaneous pressure value.

2. The solar electric heating and insulation system for a subway vehicle base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle adjustment mechanism comprises a mounting shaft (2) fixedly connected to the bottom of the solar panel (1); a mounting frame (3) is provided under the solar panel (1); both ends of the mounting shaft (2) are rotatably connected to the mounting frame (3); one end of the mounting shaft (2) is fixedly connected to a driving rod (4); the driving rod (4) is radially arranged along the mounting shaft (2); an electric control telescopic rod (5) is fixedly connected to the mounting frame (3); the extension length of the output end of the electric control telescopic rod (5) is controlled by the panel control module; the output end of the electric control telescopic rod (5) is fixedly connected to a driving column (6); a driving groove (7) is provided on the driving rod (4); the driving column (6) is located in the driving groove (7) and contacts the driving rod (4).

3. The solar electric heating and insulation system for a subway vehicle base according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific process of the light following unit adjusting the tilt angle of the solar panel (1) according to the instantaneous current value is as follows: An initial angle and a recovery time are set, and the solar panel (1) recovers to the initial angle after the transient current value is equal to 0 and continues for the recovery time. A detection cycle is set, and the transient current value of the solar panel (1) is obtained once every detection cycle. The difference between the transient current value obtained last time and the current transient current value is calculated to obtain a transient value. A transient threshold is set, and the transient value is compared with the transient threshold. When the transient value is greater than 0 and less than or equal to the transient threshold, an angle adjustment instruction is generated to control the rotation of the telescopic drive installation shaft (2) at the output end of the electric telescopic rod (5). When the transient value is less than 0 or greater than or equal to the transient threshold, the angle of the solar panel (1) is kept unchanged until the transient current value is equal to 0 and continues for the recovery time or the transient value is greater than 0 and less than or equal to the transient threshold.

4. The solar electric heating and insulation system for a subway vehicle base according to claim 3, characterized in that: A curve of the angle value of the solar panel (1) rotated relative to the initial angle and the length of the telescopic rod elongated is recorded as an angle-length correlation curve, an index coordinate system is established with the relative rotation angle value of the solar panel (1) as the vertical axis and the elongation length value of the electrically controlled telescopic rod (5) as the horizontal axis, and the angle-length correlation curve is drawn in the rectangular coordinate system, a curve segment is intercepted on the angle-length correlation curve with a fixed angle value, the horizontal axis coordinate values ​​corresponding to the end points of the curve segment are recorded and sequentially formed into a target value set, and the elongation value change of the output end of the electrically controlled telescopic rod (5) is controlled according to the element values ​​in the target value set and the sequence.

5. The solar electric heating and insulation system for a subway vehicle base according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific process of the self-cleaning unit adjusting the tilt angle of the solar panel (1) according to the instantaneous pressure value is as follows: An observation cycle is set, the transient pressure value in the most recent observation cycle is recorded, and multiple transient pressure values ​​with equal recording time intervals are extracted from the transient pressure values ​​as transient pressure analysis values. A transient pressure threshold is set, and all transient pressure analysis values ​​recorded in the most recent observation cycle are compared with the transient pressure threshold. When all transient pressure analysis values ​​are greater than or equal to the transient pressure threshold, a solar panel (1) cleaning instruction is generated to control the electric telescopic rod (5) to reciprocate and retract a certain stroke. Otherwise, no operation is performed and observation continues.

6. The solar electric heating and insulation system for a subway vehicle base according to claim 5, characterized in that: Assume that the transient pressure analysis value is P ai , where i is the record number of the transient pressure analysis value, for element P ai，i Perform a univariate linear regression analysis to obtain a binary linear fitting function model, and calculate the model fitting of the function model R 2 , set a fitting threshold R 2′ , the R2 of the calculated function model is compared with the fitting threshold R 2′ For comparison, when R 2 Greater than or equal to R 2′ , it means that the solar panel (1) may be covered by snow, and an instruction to clean the solar panel (1) is generated to control the electric telescopic rod (5) to reciprocate and extend within a certain stroke; otherwise, no operation is performed and observation continues.

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