Load adjusting method for hoisting working condition of wind power installation ship

Abstract

The invention provides a load adjusting method for a hoisting working condition of a wind power installation vessel. The load adjusting method comprises the following steps: calculating a load adjusting value; first total pressure on each pile leg is obtained through calculation; according to the difference value between the first total pressures on the four pile legs, a load adjustment value Wt is obtained through calculation; the load adjustment value Wt meets the following conditions: after the first pile leg group actively bears the load adjustment value and the weight borne by the second pile leg group is reduced by the load adjustment value, the second total pressure after the pile legs corresponding to the pile-winding crane are adjusted is close to the second total pressure of the other three pile legs, and the two pile legs distributed diagonally form one pile leg group; the pile winding crane is arranged on one pile leg of the second pile leg group; load adjustment operation; pre-ballasting operation is conducted through diagonal pre-ballasting, and after the pre-ballasting operation is completed, the ship body is lifted to the preset operation height; and the second pile leg group is kept still, so that the first pile leg group actively bears the load adjustment value Wt, and the weight borne by the second pile leg group is reduced by the load adjustment value Wt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of marine engineering technology, and in particular to a load adjustment method for a hoisting condition of a wind power installation vessel. Background Art

[0002] At present, the mainstream wind power installation equipment for offshore wind power installation is self-elevating wind power installation vessels, which rely on the self-elevating lifting method to lift the hull out of the water and use the self-elevating pile legs to take root on the seabed to turn the hull into a stable lifting platform.

[0003] The wind turbine installation vessel needs to carry out hoisting operations or resist storms after standing piles. It is necessary to use pre-load in advance to ensure that the ground pressure of each pile shoe reaches the maximum ground pressure that may be reached during subsequent hoisting or resisting storms, so as to avoid accidental settlement of the pile shoe during the subsequent standing process, which may cause damage to the platform.

[0004] However, when the wind turbine installation vessel is performing lifting operations, the load acting on the pile leg by the pile-circling crane is not only the weight of the hull but also the lifting load. The pressure on the pile leg where the pile-circling crane is located increases significantly, even exceeding the conventional pre-load design value, bringing risks such as pile leg settlement and puncture. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a load adjustment method for a hoisting condition of a wind power installation vessel, so as to solve the risk problem in the prior art caused by the hoisting condition exceeding the preload design value.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a load adjustment method for a hoisting condition of a wind power installation vessel, the wind power installation vessel comprises four pile legs, one of the pile legs is provided with a pile crane, the load adjustment method comprises the following steps:

[0007] Calculation of load adjustment values;

[0008] Calculating and obtaining a first total pressure on each of the pile legs;

[0009] The load adjustment value W is calculated based on the difference between the first total pressures on the four pile legs. t ; The load adjustment value W t The following conditions are met: the first pile leg group actively bears the load adjustment value, and after the weight borne by the second pile leg group is reduced by the load adjustment value, the adjusted second total pressure of the pile leg corresponding to the pile encircling crane is close to the adjusted second total pressure of the other three pile legs, the two pile legs distributed diagonally constitute a pile leg group, and the pile encircling crane is arranged on one of the pile legs of the second pile leg group;

[0010] Load adjustment operations;

[0011] The wind power installation vessel travels to the pile-standing position, performs a pre-ballast operation by diagonal pre-ballast, and after the pre-ballast operation is completed, lifts the hull until the hull reaches a predetermined operating height;

[0012] Keep the second leg group stationary, so that the first leg group can actively bear the load adjustment value W t , the weight borne by the second leg group is reduced by the load adjustment value W t .

[0013] In one embodiment, the adjusted second total pressure of the pile leg corresponding to the pile encircling crane is close to the adjusted second total pressure of the other three pile legs and satisfies the following condition:

[0014] The second total pressure of the pile leg corresponding to the pile encircling crane is the maximum value among the second total pressures of the four pile legs or the second largest value next to the maximum value;

[0015] The difference ratio between the maximum value and the second largest value is no greater than 0.3%.

[0016] In one embodiment, the load adjustment value W t The calculation includes:

[0017] Determine an initial load adjustment value W0, wherein the initial load adjustment value W0 is a difference between a first total pressure of a pile leg corresponding to the pile encircling crane and a larger first total pressure in the first pile leg group;

[0018] Recalculating the second total pressure initial value borne by each of the pile legs according to the load adjustment initial value W0;

[0019] The four second total pressure initial values ​​are compared, and according to the difference between the four second total pressure initial values, the load adjustment initial value W0 is adjusted upward or downward to obtain the load adjustment value W0 by repeated calculation. t And the second total pressure is such that the second total pressure of the pile leg corresponding to the pile encircling crane after adjustment is close to the second total pressure of the other three pile legs after adjustment.

[0020] In one embodiment, the step of calculating the first total pressure on each of the pile legs comprises:

[0021] Determine the hoisting position when the pressure exerted by a hoisting weight on the pile leg corresponding to the pile encircling crane is the largest during the hoisting process, and calculate the loads FC1, FC2, FC3 and FC4 exerted by the hoisting weight on the four pile legs respectively;

[0022] Calculate the loads FS1, FS2, FS3 and FS4 applied on the pile legs by the hull and the weight of the hull after removing the hoisted weight when the pile encircling crane is located at the hoisting position with the maximum pressure;

[0023] The first total pressure of each pile leg is calculated according to FT=FC+FS.

[0024] In one embodiment, the calculation steps of loads FS1, FS2, FS3 and FS4 include:

[0025] The hoisted heavy object is located at a storage position on the deck of the wind turbine installation vessel, determining the total lifting weight and weight center of gravity of the hoisted heavy object when it is on the hull, and calculating the loads FW1, FW2, FW3 and FW4 applied by the total lifting weight on the pile legs;

[0026] Calculate the loads FL1, FL2, FL3 and FL4 applied by the hoisted heavy object on the pile legs according to the weight and the weight center of gravity of the hoisted heavy object;

[0027] The loads FS1, FS2, FS3 and FS4 of each of the pile legs are calculated according to FS=FW-FL.

[0028] In one embodiment, the method for calculating the hoisting position includes:

[0029] According to the weight of the hoisting weight, the distance between two adjacent pile legs, the hoisting radius and the hoisting path, the hoisting position when the pressure applied by the hoisting weight on the corresponding pile leg of the pile encircling crane during the hoisting process is the largest is calculated.

[0030] In one embodiment, when the pressure exerted by the hoisting weight on the pile leg corresponding to the pile encircling crane is the largest, the hoisting radius and the hoisting angle of the hoisting position are recorded;

[0031] When calculating the loads FS1, FS2, FS3 and FS4, the pile encircling crane is located at the hoisting position according to the hoisting radius and the hoisting angle.

[0032] In one embodiment, the pre-loading operation includes:

[0033] Lowering the pile legs so that the pile legs stand on the seabed, and lifting the hull of the wind turbine installation ship so that the hull is out of water;

[0034] Actively preload the first pile leg group and the second pile leg group alternately until the preload design value is reached.

[0035] In one embodiment, the step of active preloading comprises:

[0036] The lifting system of the first pile leg group actively climbs to transfer the weight of the hull to the first pile leg group, the transferred weight is 1000-3000 tons, and is maintained for 30-60 minutes until the pile leg stops sinking;

[0037] The lifting system of the first pile leg group actively descends, ending active preloading and resuming the preparation before preloading;

[0038] The lifting system of the second pile leg group actively climbs to transfer the weight of the hull to the second pile leg group, the transferred weight is 1000-3000 tons, and is maintained for 30-60 minutes until the pile legs stop settling;

[0039] The lifting system of the second pile leg group actively descends, ending the active preloading and resuming the pre-preloading preparation;

[0040] Repeat the above steps until the preload design value is reached.

[0041] In one embodiment, in the preloading operation, when the preloading design value cannot be reached by active preloading, the active preloading is made to reach the active preloading capacity value, and the preloading operation further includes passive preloading: the first pile leg group and the second pile leg group are alternately passively preloaded until the preloading design value is reached;

[0042] The passive preloading step comprises:

[0043] The lifting system of the first pile leg group actively descends to transfer the weight of the hull to the second pile leg group, the transferred weight is 1000-3000 tons, and is maintained for 30-60 minutes until the pile legs stop sinking;

[0044] The lifting system of the first pile leg group actively rises, ending the passive preloading and resuming the pre-preloading preparation;

[0045] The lifting system of the second pile leg group actively descends to transfer the weight of the hull to the first pile leg group, the transferred weight is 1000-3000 tons, and is maintained for 30-60 minutes until the pile legs stop sinking;

[0046] The lifting system of the second pile leg group actively rises, ending the passive preloading and resuming the pre-preloading preparation;

[0047] Repeat the above steps until the preload design value is reached.

[0048] In one embodiment, during the pre-ballast operation, the hull is lifted off the water surface by adjusting the lifting and lowering of the four pile legs, so that the waves cannot hit the bottom of the hull;

[0049] The hull is located 0.5 to 1 meter above the water surface.

[0050] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the present invention has at least the following advantages and positive effects:

[0051] The load adjustment method of the present invention first obtains the load adjustment value by calculation, and then reduces the pressure on the pile leg corresponding to the pile-wrapping crane through actual operation of the load adjustment value, thereby preventing the pressure on the pile leg corresponding to the pile-wrapping crane from exceeding the conventional preload design value, thereby improving safety and reliability. After reducing the pressure on the pile leg corresponding to the pile-wrapping crane, the preload demand of the lifting condition is reduced, thereby improving the lifting capacity of the wind power installation ship that has been put into use without increasing the preload design value, and for new ships, the pile leg design and the upgrading of the lifting system capacity due to the lifting condition will not be caused, resulting in an increase in construction costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a load adjustment method for a hoisting condition of a wind power installation vessel in the present invention.

[0053] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a wind power installation vessel hoisting a hoisting heavy object in the present invention.

[0054] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a wind power installation vessel in the present invention without any hoisting heavy objects.

[0055] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a wind power installation vessel and a hoisting heavy object in the present invention.

[0056] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals:

[0057] 1. Hull; 2. Pile legs; 3. Pile crane; 4. Lifting heavy objects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] Although the present invention can be easily embodied in different forms of embodiments, only some of the specific embodiments are shown in the drawings and will be described in detail in this specification. It should be understood that this description should be regarded as an exemplary illustration of the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention to that described herein.

[0059] Thus, a feature indicated in this specification will be used to illustrate one of the features of an embodiment of the present invention, rather than implying that each embodiment of the present invention must have the described feature. In addition, it should be noted that this specification describes many features. Although some features can be combined together to illustrate possible system designs, these features can also be used in other combinations that are not explicitly described. Thus, unless otherwise stated, the described combinations are not intended to be limiting.

[0060] In the embodiments shown in the drawings, the indications of directions (such as up, down, left, right, front and back) used to explain the structure and movement of various elements of the present invention are not absolute but relative. These descriptions are appropriate when these elements are in the positions shown in the drawings. If the description of the positions of these elements changes, the indications of these directions also change accordingly.

[0061] It should be noted that in response to the continuous improvement in the requirements for lifting capacity, storm resistance and other aspects of large wind power installation vessels, the previous design method was to increase the bearing capacity of the pile legs by continuously increasing the overall size of the pile legs and the size of the components that make up the pile legs. However, the increase in size will lead to an increase in the area occupied by the pile legs, reducing the space for loading cargo; the continuous increase in the size of the components not only greatly increases the cost, but also brings difficulties to welding, and it is difficult to ensure the quality of welding.

[0062] Therefore, the inventor of the present application creatively provides a load adjustment method for the lifting condition of a wind power installation vessel (hereinafter referred to as the load adjustment method). Through this load adjustment method, the total load borne by the pile legs of the pile-circling crane during the lifting process is reduced, thereby reducing the preload requirement of the lifting condition and avoiding the risks caused by the lifting condition exceeding the preload design value.

[0063] See also Figure 2 The wind power installation vessel includes a hull 1, four pile legs 2, a lifting system and a pile crane 3. The cross section of the hull 1 is square. The four pile legs 2 are distributed at the four corners of the hull 1. The pile legs 2 are truss-type structures. The lifting system is arranged one by one with the pile legs 2, that is, the number of the lifting systems is four. In this embodiment, the lifting system adopts the form of a gear rack. The pile crane 3 is arranged on one of the pile legs 2.

[0064] Figure 1 A flow chart showing a load adjustment method for a wind turbine installation vessel during a hoisting operation is shown. Figure 1 , the load adjustment method comprises the following steps:

[0065] S1. Calculation of load adjustment value.

[0066] S11, calculating and obtaining the first total pressure on each pile leg 2.

[0067] S12, calculate the load adjustment value W according to the difference between the first total pressures on the four pile legs 2 t ; Load adjustment value W tThe following conditions are met: the first pile leg 2 group actively bears the load adjustment value, and after the weight borne by the second pile leg 2 group is reduced by the load adjustment value, the adjusted second total pressure of the pile leg 2 corresponding to the pile encircling crane 3 is close to the adjusted second total pressure of the other three pile legs 2, and the two diagonally distributed pile legs 2 constitute a pile leg 2 group, and the pile encircling crane 3 is arranged on one of the pile legs 2 of the second pile leg 2 group.

[0068] S2. Load adjustment operation.

[0069] S21, the wind power installation ship travels to the pile station position, performs pre-ballast operation by diagonal pre-compression, and after the pre-ballast operation is completed, lifts the hull 1 until the hull 1 reaches a predetermined operating height.

[0070] S22, keep the second pile leg group 2 immobile, so that the first pile leg group 2 will actively bear the load adjustment value W t , the weight borne by the second leg group 2 is reduced by the load adjustment value W t .

[0071] After the above calculation and adjustment, the pressure on the pile leg 2 corresponding to the pile-circling crane 3 is reduced, and the pressure on the pile leg 2 corresponding to the pile-circling crane 3 is prevented from exceeding the conventional preload design value, thereby improving safety and reliability. After reducing the pressure on the pile leg 2 corresponding to the pile-circling crane 3, the preload load requirement of the lifting condition is reduced, thereby improving the lifting capacity of the wind power installation ship that has been put into use without increasing the preload design value, and for new ships, the pile leg 2 design and the lifting system capacity will not be upgraded due to the lifting condition, resulting in an increase in construction costs.

[0072] The above load adjustment method is described in detail below.

[0073] S1. Calculation of load adjustment value.

[0074] S11, calculating and obtaining the first total pressure on each pile leg 2.

[0075] The first total pressure on each pile leg 2 refers to the sum of the load on the pile leg 2 caused by the hoisting weight 4 on the pile crane 3, and the load on the pile leg 2 caused by the hull 1 and all materials placed on the hull 1 after removing the hoisting weight 4.

[0076] During the hoisting process, the hoisting weight 4 is already connected to the pile crane 3, so the main calculation is the pressure on the pile leg 2 when the hoisting weight 4 is already hoisted. At the same time, the weight of the hull 1 and other structures placed on the hull 1 will also generate pressure on the pile leg 2, so the first total pressure on the pile leg 2 is the sum of the above two.

[0077] See also Figure 2 At this time, the pressure on the pile leg 2 is the first total pressure.

[0078] Specifically, the step of calculating the first total pressure on each pile leg 2 includes:

[0079] S111, determine the hoisting position when the pressure exerted by a hoisting weight 4 on the pile leg 2 corresponding to the pile encircling crane 3 is maximum during the hoisting process, and calculate the loads FC1, FC2, FC3 and FC4 exerted by the hoisting weight 4 on the four pile legs 2.

[0080] In this step, the calculation method of the lifting position includes:

[0081] According to the weight of the hoisting weight 4, the distance between two adjacent pile legs 2, the hoisting radius and the hoisting path, the hoisting position when the pressure exerted by the hoisting weight 4 on the corresponding pile leg 2 of the pile surrounding crane 3 during the hoisting process is maximum is calculated.

[0082] Continue reading Figure 2 When the cross section of the hull 1 is rectangular, among the four pile legs 2, the spacing between two pile legs 2 that are spaced apart and adjacent to each other in the transverse direction is a transverse spacing B, and the spacing between two pile legs 2 that are spaced apart and adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction is a longitudinal spacing L.

[0083] After calculating the lifting position, record the lifting radius R and lifting angle α at this time.

[0084] That is, when the pressure exerted by the hoisting weight 4 on the pile leg 2 corresponding to the pile surrounding crane 3 is the largest, the hoisting radius and hoisting angle of the hoisting position are recorded.

[0085] S112, calculating the loads FS1, FS2, FS3 and FS4 exerted on the pile legs 2 by the hull 1 and the weight of the hull 1 after removing the hoisted weight 4 when the pile encircling crane 3 is located at the hoisting position with the maximum pressure.

[0086] See also Figure 3 At this time, the hoisting weight 4 is not placed on the hull 1, nor is it connected to the pile crane 3. Therefore, the pressure on the pile leg 2 comes from the weight of the hull 1 itself and the weight of other structures stored on the hull 1. Among them, other structures on the hull 1 are not shown.

[0087] Alternatively, only the hoisting weight 4 may be placed on the hull 1 .

[0088] Since there are many other structures placed on the hull 1 , the load FS here refers to the load generated by the hull 1 and other structures placed on the hull 1 except the hoisted weight 4 on the pile legs 2 .

[0089] The first total pressure of each pile leg 2 is calculated according to FT=FC+FS.

[0090] The pile encircling crane 3 is located at the hoisting position according to the hoisting radius and the hoisting angle α.

[0091] The calculation steps for loads FS1, FS2, FS3 and FS4 include:

[0092] S1121. The hoisting weight 4 is located at a storage position on the deck of the wind turbine installation vessel. The total lifting weight and weight center of gravity of the hoisting weight 4 on the hull 1 are determined, and the loads FW1, FW2, FW3 and FW4 applied by the total lifting weight on the pile legs 2 are calculated.

[0093] It should be noted that the total lifting weight at this time refers to the sum of the weights of the hull 1, the hoisting weights 4 located on the hull 1, and other structures placed on the hull 1. When only the hoisting weights 4 are mounted on the hull 1, the total lifting weight refers to the sum of the weights of the hull 1 and the hoisting weights 4.

[0094] See also Figure 4 The figure only shows the hoisted heavy object 4 on the hull 1. The total lifting weight and the weight center of gravity are calculated based on whether there are other structures placed on the actual hull 1 and the number of other structures and the placement of other structures on the hull 1.

[0095] S1122. Calculate the loads FL1, FL2, FL3 and FL4 applied by the hoisting heavy object 4 on the pile leg 2 according to the weight and gravity center of the hoisting heavy object 4.

[0096] At this time, the hoisted heavy object 4 is located at the position in step S1121.

[0097] S1123, according to FS=FW-FL, the loads FS1, FS2, FS3 and FS4 of each pile leg 2 are calculated.

[0098] S113, calculating and obtaining the first total pressure of each pile leg 2 according to FT=FC+FS.

[0099] The first total pressures of the pile legs 2 are FT1, FT2, FT3 and FT4 respectively.

[0100] S12, determining the load adjustment value W according to the difference between the first total pressures on the four pile legs 2 t ; Load adjustment value W t The following conditions are met: the first pile leg 2 group actively bears the load adjustment value, and after the weight borne by the second pile leg 2 group is reduced by the load adjustment value, the adjusted second total pressure of the pile leg 2 corresponding to the pile encircling crane 3 is close to the adjusted second total pressure of the other three pile legs 2, and the two diagonally distributed pile legs 2 constitute a pile leg 2 group, and the pile encircling crane 3 is arranged on one of the pile legs 2 of the second pile leg 2 group.

[0101] Specifically, the adjusted second total pressure of the pile leg 2 corresponding to the pile encircling crane 3 is close to the adjusted second total pressures of the other three pile legs 2 and satisfies the following conditions:

[0102] The second total pressure of the pile leg 2 corresponding to the pile surrounding crane 3 is the maximum value or the second largest value next to the maximum value among the second total pressures of the four pile legs 2. The difference ratio between the maximum value and the second largest value is not greater than 0.3%.

[0103] Exemplarily, the four pile legs 2 are respectively the first pile leg 2, the second pile leg 2, the third pile leg 2 and the fourth pile leg 2. The first pile leg 2 and the third pile leg 2 are arranged diagonally, and the second pile leg 2 and the fourth pile leg 2 are arranged diagonally. The pile crane 3 is arranged on the fourth pile leg 2.

[0104] The first total pressure FT1 of the fourth leg 2 is the maximum value among the four first total pressures, that is, FT1>FT2, FT1>FT3, FT1>FT4.

[0105] After being adjusted by the load adjustment value, the second total pressure FT1' of the fourth leg 2 is the maximum value or the second largest value among the four second total pressures. The second largest value means that among the four second total pressures, it is only smaller than the maximum value.

[0106] The calculation method of the difference ratio between the maximum value and the second largest value is: (maximum value - minimum value) / maximum value × 100%.

[0107] Among them, the load adjustment value W t The determination includes:

[0108] S121, determining an initial load adjustment value W0, where the initial load adjustment value W0 is a difference between a first total pressure of the pile leg 2 corresponding to the pile encircling crane 3 and a larger first total pressure in the first pile leg 2 group.

[0109] S122, recalculating the second total pressure initial value borne by each pile leg 2 according to the load adjustment initial value W0.

[0110] S123, comparing the four second total pressure initial values, and according to the difference between the four second total pressure initial values, repeatedly calculating and increasing or decreasing the load adjustment initial value W0 to obtain the load adjustment value W. t And the second total pressure, so that the adjusted second total pressure of the pile leg 2 corresponding to the pile encircling crane 3 is close to the adjusted second total pressure of the other three pile legs 2.

[0111] At load adjustment value W t After confirmation, actual load adjustment operations are performed on the wind turbine installation vessel.

[0112] S2. Load adjustment operation.

[0113] S21, the wind power installation ship travels to the pile station position, performs pre-ballast operation by diagonal pre-compression, and after the pre-ballast operation is completed, lifts the hull 1 until the hull 1 reaches a predetermined operating height.

[0114] S22, keep the second pile leg group 2 immobile, so that the first pile leg group 2 will actively bear the load adjustment value W t , the weight borne by the second leg group 2 is reduced by the load adjustment value W t .

[0115] Specifically, the pre-ballast operation includes:

[0116] S211, lowering the pile legs 2 so that the pile legs 2 stand on the seabed, and lifting the hull 1 of the wind power installation ship so that the hull 1 is out of the water.

[0117] Specifically, the hull 1 is located 0.5 to 1 meter above the water surface so that waves cannot hit the bottom surface of the hull 1 .

[0118] S212, the first pile leg group 2 and the second pile leg group 2 are actively preloaded alternately until the preload design value is reached.

[0119] Specifically, the steps of active preloading include:

[0120] S2121. The lifting system of the first pile leg group 2 actively climbs to transfer the weight of the hull 1 to the first pile leg group 2. The transferred weight is 1000-3000 tons and is maintained for 30-60 minutes until the pile leg 2 stops sinking.

[0121] S2122. The lifting system of the first pile leg group 2 is actively lowered, ending the active preloading and resuming the preparation before preloading.

[0122] S2123. The lifting system of the second pile leg group 2 actively climbs to transfer the weight of the hull 1 to the second pile leg group 2. The transferred weight is 1000-3000 tons and is maintained for 30-60 minutes until the pile leg 2 stops sinking.

[0123] S2124, the lifting system of the second pile leg group 2 is actively lowered, ending the active preloading and resuming the preparation before preloading.

[0124] S2125. Repeat the above steps until the preload design value is reached.

[0125] The active preloading may be performed by preloading the first pile leg 2 groups first, or by preloading the second pile leg 2 groups first. Specifically, the first pile leg 2 groups and the second pile leg 2 groups may be preloaded first according to actual needs.

[0126] During the preloading operation, when the preloading design value cannot be reached by active preloading, the active preloading capacity value is reached by active preloading. The preloading operation also includes passive preloading: the first pile leg group 2 and the second pile leg group 2 are alternately passively preloaded until the preloading design value is reached.

[0127] Specifically, the steps of passive preloading include:

[0128] S2131. The lifting system of the first pile leg group 2 actively descends to transfer the weight of the hull 1 to the second pile leg group 2. The transferred weight is 1000-3000 tons and is maintained for 30-60 minutes until the pile leg 2 stops sinking.

[0129] S2132, the lifting system of the first pile leg group 2 actively rises, ending the passive preloading and resuming the pre-preloading preparation.

[0130] S2133, the lifting system of the second pile leg group 2 actively descends to transfer the weight of the hull 1 to the first pile leg group 2, the transferred weight is 1000-3000 tons, and is maintained for 30-60 minutes until the pile leg 2 stops sinking.

[0131] S2134, the lifting system of the second pile leg group 2 actively rises, ending the passive preloading and resuming the pre-preloading preparation.

[0132] S2134. Repeat the above steps until the preload design value is reached.

[0133] The passive preloading may be performed by preloading the first pile leg 2 groups first, or by preloading the second pile leg 2 groups first. Specifically, the first pile leg 2 groups and the second pile leg 2 groups may be preloaded first according to actual needs.

[0134] After completing the above-mentioned pre-ballast operation, the hull 1 is lifted to a preset height, and then the load adjustment operation is performed.

[0135] By way of example, taking the outboard hoisting working condition of a specific wind power installation vessel as an example, how to adjust the load is specifically introduced.

[0136] Among them, the total lifting weight of the wind power installation ship is W1 = 45,000 tons. The length of the wind power installation ship is 146 meters, the width is 55 meters, the depth is 11.5 meters, the length of the pile leg 2 is 125 meters, the lifting weight of the empty ship is 25,000 tons, the maximum variable load is 12,000 tons, the lifting capacity is 2,200 tons, the carrying capacity of the single pile leg 2 is 15,000 tons, the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the single pile leg 2 is 11.5 tons, and the thickness of the rack plate 1211 is 210 mm.

[0137] The four pile legs 2 of the wind power installation ship are divided into the first pile leg, the second pile leg, the third pile leg and the fourth pile leg. The pile crane 3 is arranged on the fourth pile leg. The first pile leg and the third pile leg are arranged diagonally, and the second pile leg and the fourth pile leg are arranged diagonally. The first pile leg and the fourth pile leg are arranged in a horizontal interval, and the third pile leg and the fourth pile leg are arranged in a longitudinal interval. The longitudinal spacing L between two adjacent pile legs of the wind power installation ship is 75 meters, and the lateral spacing B is 45 meters.

[0138] The operating parameters for the wind power installation vessel are as follows: maximum water depth 70 meters, mud penetration 10 meters, air gap 11 meters, wind speed 36 meters / second, maximum wave height 8.37 meters, wave period 8.55 seconds, and flow velocity 1.03 meters / second.

[0139] The operating parameters for the lifting operation are as follows: maximum water depth 70 meters, mud penetration 10 meters, air gap 11 meters, wind speed 13.8 meters / second, maximum wave height 7.44 meters, wave period 9 seconds, and flow velocity 1.03 meters / second.

[0140] The weight of the hoisted heavy object 4 is W2=3500 tons.

[0141] According to the load adjustment method in the present invention, the load adjustment value is calculated.

[0142] Firstly, according to the weight of the hoisting weight 4, the distance between two adjacent pile legs 2, the hoisting radius and the hoisting path, the hoisting position when the pressure exerted by the hoisting weight 4 on the corresponding pile leg of the pile crane 3 during the hoisting process is the largest is calculated.

[0143] In this embodiment, it is calculated that when in the hoisting position, the hoisting radius R=35 meters and the hoisting angle α=90 degrees.

[0144] Secondly, determine the hoisting position when the pressure exerted by the hoisting weight 4 on the pile legs 2 corresponding to the pile encircling crane 3 is the largest during the hoisting process, and calculate the loads FC1, FC2, FC3 and FC4 exerted by the hoisting weight 4 on the four pile legs 2.

[0145] The load FC1 on the first pile leg 2 is -2722 tons, the load FC2 on the second pile leg 2 is 0 tons, the load FC3 on the third pile leg 2 is 0 tons, and the load FC4 on the fourth pile leg 2 is 6222 tons.

[0146] Thirdly, the pile-circling crane 3 is calculated to be at the hoisting position with the greatest pressure mentioned above, and the hoisting weight 4 is at the storage position on the deck of the wind turbine installation vessel, and the total lifting weight and weight center of gravity of the hoisting weight 4 on the hull 1 are determined, and the loads FW1, FW2, FW3 and FW4 imposed on the pile leg 2 by the total lifting weight are calculated.

[0147] Taking the point where the diagonals of the four pile legs intersect as the origin, the center of gravity of the total lifting weight is X1 at -0.5 meters and Y1 at 0.5 meters.

[0148] The load FW1 on the first pile leg 2 is 11147 tons, the load FW2 on the second pile leg 2 is 10853 tons, the load FW3 on the third pile leg 2 is 11347 tons, and the load FW4 on the fourth pile leg 2 is 11653 tons.

[0149] Fourthly, according to the weight and the weight center of the hoisting weight 4 , the loads FL1 , FL2 , FL3 and FL4 applied by the hoisting weight 4 on the pile legs 2 are calculated.

[0150] The weight center of gravity of the hoisted heavy object 4 is X2-10 meters and Y2 is 10 meters. At this time, the origin of the entire coordinate system is the same as that in the third step, that is, the point where the diagonals of the four pile legs intersect is the origin.

[0151] The load FL1 on the first pile leg 2 is 616 tons, the load FL2 on the second pile leg 2 is 356 tons, the load FL3 on the third pile leg 2 is 927 tons, and the load FL4 on the fourth pile leg 2 is 1601 tons.

[0152] Fifth, according to FS=FW-FL, the loads FS1, FS2, FS3 and FS4 exerted on the pile legs 2 by the weight of the hull 1 after removing the hoisted weight 4 borne by each pile leg 2 are calculated.

[0153] The load FS1 on the first pile leg 2 is 10531 tons, the load FS2 on the second pile leg 2 is 10497 tons, the load FS3 on the third pile leg 2 is 10420 tons, and the load FS4 on the fourth pile leg 2 is 10052 tons.

[0154] Sixth, the first total pressure of each pile leg 2 is calculated according to FT=FC+FS.

[0155] The load FT1 on the first pile leg 2 is 7809 tons, the load FT2 on the second pile leg 2 is 10497 tons, the load FT3 on the third pile leg 2 is 10420 tons, and the load FT4 on the fourth pile leg 2 is 16275 tons.

[0156] Seventh, the load adjustment initial value W0 is determined according to the difference between the first total pressures on the four pile legs 2 .

[0157] The load adjustment initial value W0 is the difference between the first total pressure of the pile leg 2 corresponding to the pile encircling crane 3 and the larger first total pressure in the first pile leg 2 group. In this embodiment, the load adjustment initial value W0 = FT4 - FT3 = 5855 tons.

[0158] Eighth, the second total pressure initial value borne by each pile leg 2 is recalculated according to the load adjustment initial value W0.

[0159] After adjusting the load adjustment value W0 to 5855 tons, the load on the first pile leg 2, i.e. the initial value of the second total pressure, is 10710 tons, the load on the second pile leg 2, i.e. the initial value of the second total pressure, is 7673 tons, the load on the third pile leg 2, i.e. the initial value of the second total pressure, is 13373 tons, and the load on the fourth pile leg 2, i.e. the initial value of the second total pressure, is 13243 tons.

[0160] Ninth, compare the four second total pressure initial values, and according to the difference between the four second total pressure initial values, adjust the load adjustment initial value W0 upward or downward and repeatedly calculate the second total pressure and load adjustment value W t , so that the second total pressure of the pile leg corresponding to the pile encircling crane 3 after adjustment is close to the second total pressure of the other three pile legs 2 after adjustment.

[0161] In this embodiment, by comparing the total pressure of 13373 tons on the third leg 2 with the total pressure of 13243 tons on the fourth leg 2, it can be seen that the total pressure on the third leg is 130 tons greater than the total pressure on the fourth leg. At this time, the load adjustment initial value W0 is adjusted downward, that is, a value less than the load adjustment value W0 of 5855 tons is set for recalculation. For example, the load adjustment value W0 is set to t It is 5,700 tons.

[0162] Calculate the load adjustment value W t The load on each pile leg after adjustment is 5700 tons. The load on the first pile leg FT1' = 10633 tons, the load on the second pile leg FT2' = 7748 tons, the load on the third pile leg FT3' = 13295 tons, and the load on the fourth pile leg FT4' = 13323 tons.

[0163] At this time, the difference ratio between the maximum value FT4' and the second largest value FT3' is 0.21%, which meets the requirement of not more than 0.3%.

[0164] If the load adjustment value W t After adjustment to 5,700 tons, if the difference ratio between the fourth pile leg and the third pile leg or the first pile leg still does not meet the requirement of not more than 0.3%, the steps of floating up or down adjustment and calculation will continue.

[0165] For example, if the total pressure on the third leg after adjustment is still greater than the total pressure on the fourth leg and does not meet the requirement of not more than 0.3%, then the adjustment will continue, that is, it will be reduced based on the currently calculated load adjustment value. If the total pressure on the third leg after adjustment is less than the total pressure on the fourth leg and does not meet the requirement of not more than 0.3%, then it will be increased, that is, it will be increased based on the currently calculated load adjustment value.

[0166] That is, when the second total pressure after adjustment of the pile legs corresponding to the pile surrounding crane 3 is the second largest value, downward adjustment is performed based on the current load adjustment value. When the second total pressure after adjustment of the pile legs corresponding to the pile surrounding crane 3 is the maximum value, upward floating is performed based on the current load adjustment value.

[0167] In addition, on the basis that the difference ratio between the maximum value and the second largest value meets the requirement of not more than 0.3%, the difference ratio can be further reduced by further calculation. That is, further adjustment can be made on the basis of meeting the requirement of not more than 0.3% according to actual needs. For example, the difference ratio between the maximum value and the second largest value is not more than 0.2%. The size of the difference ratio is selected according to actual needs.

[0168] By calculating the load adjustment value, the first total pressure before adjustment and the second total pressure after adjustment are obtained. The total bearing weight of the fourth pile leg 2 is reduced from 16,275 tons to 13,323 tons, that is, the preload requirement is reduced from 16,275 tons to 13,323 tons, which does not exceed the conventional preload design value.

[0169] Finally, the wind turbine installation ship is subjected to load adjustment. That is, the wind turbine installation ship travels to the pile station position, performs pre-pressurization operation by diagonal pre-pressing, and after the pre-pressurization operation is completed, the hull 1 is lifted until the hull 1 reaches the predetermined operating height. The second pile leg 2 group is kept stationary, so that the first pile leg 2 group can actively bear the load adjustment value W. t , the weight borne by the second leg group 2 is reduced by the load adjustment value W t .

[0170] In this embodiment, the total pressure on the fourth pile leg 2 where the pile-circling crane 3 is located is reduced (from 16,275 tons to 13,323 tons) through load adjustment calculation before lifting and active pre-loading, passive pre-loading and load adjustment operations during operation, and the total pressure of the fourth pile leg 2 is made close to the total pressure of the other three pile legs 2, thereby reducing the pre-load requirement for lifting conditions. As a result, the lifting capacity of the pile-circling crane 3 is improved without increasing the pre-load design value for wind power installation vessels that have been put into use, and for new ships, the design of the pile leg 2 and the capacity of the lifting system will not be upgraded due to the lifting conditions, thereby increasing the construction cost.

[0171] The load adjustment method of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0172] 1. Before the lifting operation, the force on the pile leg 2 is pre-adjusted to reduce the force on the pile leg 2 where the pile crane 3 is located, so that the forces on each pile leg 2 are close during lifting, thereby improving safety and reliability.

[0173] 2. When this load adjustment method is applied to a newly designed wind power installation vessel, it can avoid the increase in design difficulty and cost caused by heavy lifting conditions, and is more economical.

[0174] 3. When the load adjustment method is applied to a wind power installation vessel that has been put into use, the lifting limit capacity is improved without causing overloading of the lifting system and the pile leg 2.

[0175] 4. This load adjustment method makes full use of the active preload and passive preload capabilities of the lifting system to avoid redundant design.

[0176] Although the present invention has been described with reference to several typical embodiments, it should be understood that the terms used are illustrative and exemplary, rather than restrictive. Since the present invention can be embodied in a variety of forms without departing from the spirit or essence of the invention, it should be understood that the above embodiments are not limited to any of the foregoing details, but should be interpreted broadly within the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims, so all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the claims or their equivalents should be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A load adjustment method for a hoisting condition of a wind power installation vessel, wherein the wind power installation vessel comprises four pile legs, one of the pile legs is provided with a pile crane, characterized in that: The load adjustment method comprises the following steps: Calculation of load adjustment values; Calculating and obtaining a first total pressure on each of the pile legs; The load adjustment value W is calculated based on the difference between the first total pressures on the four pile legs. t ; The load adjustment value W t The following conditions are met: the first pile leg group actively bears the load adjustment value, and after the weight borne by the second pile leg group is reduced by the load adjustment value, the adjusted second total pressure of the pile leg corresponding to the pile encircling crane is close to the adjusted second total pressure of the other three pile legs, the two pile legs distributed diagonally constitute a pile leg group, and the pile encircling crane is arranged on one of the pile legs of the second pile leg group; Load adjustment operations; The wind power installation vessel travels to the pile-standing position, performs a pre-ballast operation by diagonal pre-ballast, and after the pre-ballast operation is completed, lifts the hull until the hull reaches a predetermined operating height; Keep the second leg group stationary, so that the first leg group can actively bear the load adjustment value W t , the weight borne by the second leg group is reduced by the load adjustment value W t .

2. The load adjustment method for the hoisting condition of the wind power installation vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second total pressure after adjustment of the pile leg corresponding to the pile encircling crane is close to the second total pressure after adjustment of the other three pile legs to meet the following conditions: The second total pressure of the pile leg corresponding to the pile encircling crane is the maximum value among the second total pressures of the four pile legs or the second largest value next to the maximum value; The difference ratio between the maximum value and the second largest value is no greater than 0.3%.

3. The load adjustment method for the hoisting condition of the wind power installation vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load adjustment value W t The calculation includes: Determine an initial load adjustment value W0, wherein the initial load adjustment value W0 is a difference between a first total pressure of a pile leg corresponding to the pile encircling crane and a larger first total pressure in the first pile leg group; Recalculating the second total pressure initial value borne by each of the pile legs according to the load adjustment initial value W0; The four second total pressure initial values ​​are compared, and according to the difference between the four second total pressure initial values, the load adjustment initial value W0 is adjusted upward or downward to obtain the load adjustment value W0 by repeated calculation. t And the second total pressure is such that the second total pressure of the pile leg corresponding to the pile encircling crane after adjustment is close to the second total pressure of the other three pile legs after adjustment.

4. The load adjustment method for the hoisting condition of the wind power installation vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of calculating and obtaining the first total pressure on each of the pile legs comprises: Determine the hoisting position when the pressure exerted by a hoisting weight on the pile leg corresponding to the pile encircling crane is the largest during the hoisting process, and calculate the loads FC1, FC2, FC3 and FC4 exerted by the hoisting weight on the four pile legs respectively; Calculate the loads FS1, FS2, FS3 and FS4 applied on the pile legs by the hull and the weight of the hull after removing the hoisted weight when the pile encircling crane is located at the hoisting position with the maximum pressure; The first total pressure of each pile leg is calculated according to FT=FC+FS.

5. The load adjustment method for the hoisting condition of the wind power installation vessel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation steps for loads FS1, FS2, FS3 and FS4 include: The hoisted heavy object is located at a storage position on the deck of the wind turbine installation vessel, determining the total lifting weight and weight center of gravity of the hoisted heavy object when it is on the hull, and calculating the loads FW1, FW2, FW3 and FW4 applied by the total lifting weight on the pile legs; Calculate the loads FL1, FL2, FL3 and FL4 applied by the hoisted heavy object on the pile legs according to the weight and the weight center of gravity of the hoisted heavy object; The loads FS1, FS2, FS3 and FS4 of each of the pile legs are calculated according to FS=FW-FL.

6. The load adjustment method for the hoisting condition of the wind power installation vessel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation method of the hoisting position includes: According to the weight of the hoisting weight, the distance between two adjacent pile legs, the hoisting radius and the hoisting path, the hoisting position when the pressure applied by the hoisting weight on the corresponding pile leg of the pile encircling crane during the hoisting process is the largest is calculated.

7. The load adjustment method for the hoisting condition of the wind power installation vessel according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the pressure exerted by the hoisting weight on the pile leg corresponding to the pile encircling crane is the largest, recording the hoisting radius and hoisting angle of the hoisting position; When calculating the loads FS1, FS2, FS3 and FS4, the pile encircling crane is located at the hoisting position according to the hoisting radius and the hoisting angle.

8. The load adjustment method for the hoisting condition of a wind power installation vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-ballast operation includes: Lowering the pile legs so that the pile legs stand on the seabed, and lifting the hull of the wind turbine installation ship so that the hull is out of water; Actively preload the first pile leg group and the second pile leg group alternately until the preload design value is reached.

9. The load adjustment method for the hoisting condition of the wind power installation vessel according to claim 8, characterized in that: The steps of active preloading include: The lifting system of the first pile leg group actively climbs to transfer the weight of the hull to the first pile leg group, the transferred weight is 1000-3000 tons, and is maintained for 30-60 minutes until the pile leg stops sinking; The lifting system of the first pile leg group actively descends, ending active preloading and resuming the preparation before preloading; The lifting system of the second pile leg group actively climbs to transfer the weight of the hull to the second pile leg group, the transferred weight is 1000-3000 tons, and is maintained for 30-60 minutes until the pile legs stop settling; The lifting system of the second pile leg group actively descends, ending the active preloading and resuming the pre-preloading preparation; Repeat the above steps until the preload design value is reached.

10. The load adjustment method for the hoisting condition of the wind power installation vessel according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the preloading operation, when the preloading design value cannot be reached by active preloading, the active preloading is made to reach the active preloading capacity value, and the preloading operation further includes passive preloading: the first pile leg group and the second pile leg group are alternately passively preloaded until the preloading design value is reached; The passive preloading step comprises: The lifting system of the first pile leg group actively descends to transfer the weight of the hull to the second pile leg group, the transferred weight is 1000-3000 tons, and is maintained for 30-60 minutes until the pile legs stop sinking; The lifting system of the first pile leg group actively rises, ending the passive preloading and resuming the pre-preloading preparation; The lifting system of the second pile leg group actively descends to transfer the weight of the hull to the first pile leg group, the transferred weight is 1000-3000 tons, and is maintained for 30-60 minutes until the pile legs stop sinking; The lifting system of the second pile leg group actively rises, ending the passive preloading and resuming the pre-preloading preparation; Repeat the above steps until the preload design value is reached.

11. The load adjustment method for the hoisting condition of the wind power installation vessel according to claim 8, characterized in that: During the pre-ballast operation, the hull is lifted off the water surface by adjusting the lifting and lowering of the four pile legs, so that the waves cannot hit the bottom of the hull; The hull is located 0.5 to 1 meter above the water surface.

Images