Preparation method of lead halide perovskite composite paraffin phase change energy storage composite material

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-light-absorption organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite composite paraffin material in the technical field of phase change energy storage materials. The preparation method comprises the following process steps: step 1, synthesizing and preparing a lead halide perovskite precursor material; 2, adding CsPbBr3 prepared by a thermal injection method into a paraffin system, and heating and refluxing for 24 hours in DMF (Dimethyl Formamide) in an environment of 100-180 DEG C to form a perovskite paraffin composite material; and 3, melting the prepared perovskite paraffin composite material to prepare a film for an energy storage phase change system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of photothermal energy storage materials, and in particular to a method for preparing a perovskite composite paraffin phase change energy storage composite material with high photothermal conversion efficiency. Background Art

[0002] The research on phase change materials began in the 1950s. Dr. Maria Telkes observed the effect of borax phase change in absorbing heat and cooling, and studied the number of phase change cycles. In the 1960s, NASA in the United States launched research on the application of phase change materials to control the impact of temperature on astronauts and instruments in spacecraft. Later, the American scientific laboratory applied it to the construction field, using sodium sulfate decahydrate eutectic mixture as phase change core material to form solar building panels, and conducted experimental applications, achieving good results. Since the 1990s, phase change energy storage materials have also been used as coolants or activators in heat exchangers in photothermal and nuclear energy systems. In recent years, the research hotspots of phase change energy storage have been exploring composite phase change materials and packaging applications combined with nanotechnology. Water is our most common phase change material. The heat released when water condenses into ice at 0°C is roughly equal to the heat released when water is heated from 0°C to 80 degrees Celsius. This is because the enthalpy change of the material during phase change (334KJ / Kg) is many times higher than the enthalpy change during temperature change (4.19KJ / Kg), which has become an obvious advantage of phase change materials - high energy density and small size. Common inorganic salt phase change materials include dissolved salts and crystalline hydrated salts. For example, the melting temperature of aluminum silicon salts is 577℃, which is much higher than the working temperature of ice-water as phase change energy storage, and is generally used in high temperature fields. In addition, the phase change latent heat of inorganic salts is also greater, such as aluminum silicon salts can reach 560KJ / kg. When paraffin is used as a phase change material, the working temperature is between water and inorganic salts, generally between 40℃ and 70℃, which is suitable for normal temperature conditions, and the latent heat during phase change is between 200-240KJ / Kg. As a phase change energy storage material, paraffin does not have supercooling and precipitation phenomena, is non-toxic and corrosive, and has low cost compared to inorganic salts. The disadvantages are low thermal conductivity, low density and poor heat storage capacity per unit volume.

[0003] The present invention utilizes the concept of organic-inorganic hybridization and realizes a high light absorption and high thermal conductivity perovskite wax phase change composite material by introducing perovskite nanocrystals into the traditional paraffin phase change energy storage material. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a perovskite wax phase change composite material with high light absorption and high thermal conductivity, which retains the advantages of high light absorption of organic fluorescent materials and greatly improves the light-to-heat conversion rate of paraffin-based phase change composite materials as well as their preparation methods, use methods and applications.

[0005] A method for preparing a perovskite wax phase change composite material with high light absorption rate and high thermal conductivity, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0006] 1) Preparation of CsPbBr3: 0.16 g of lead bromide, 1.5 mL of oleic acid, and 2.5 mL of oleylamine were placed in 50 mL of flask, and the solution was heated to 150°C for 1 h, then heated to 180°C for 5 min, and then 1 mL of oleate of Cs was quickly added. After 10 s, the mixture was rapidly cooled, centrifuged, and then dissolved in toluene;

[0007] 2) Synthesis of composite paraffin phase change energy storage material: The prepared CsPbBr3 perovskite was bathed in 20 mL DMF, and then the paraffin was melted and the mixture was added to a 100 mL single-necked flask, and cuprous iodide was added as a catalyst. The mixture was refluxed for 24 h in the dark.

[0008] A method for using a perovskite wax phase change composite material with high light absorption rate and high thermal conductivity, comprising the following steps:

[0009] (1) Melting the prepared perovskite wax composite material.

[0010] (2) Add the solution dropwise to the interface of the material to be phase-changed;

[0011] (3) Ultraviolet light irradiates its surface to charge

[0012] (4) Continuous heat release in the dark to maintain the surface temperature of the material

[0013] The benefits of the present invention are as follows: First, the introduction of perovskite enables it to have a high light absorption effect. Second, the paraffin-based phase change composite material has a high energy density, which makes it possible to realize energy storage. Third, the composite material has low toxicity and is expected to be mass-produced in daily life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of perovskite wax phase change energy storage composite material.

[0015] Figure 2 is the emission spectrum of the composite material.

[0016] Figure 3 XPS lead element spectrum analysis of the composite material

[0017] Figure 4 is the infrared spectrum of the composite material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Three embodiments of the present invention are provided below to further illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1

[0020] 3) Preparation of CsPbBr3: 0.16 g of lead bromide, 1.5 mL of oleic acid, and 2.5 mL of oleylamine were placed in 50 mL of flask, and the solution was heated to 150°C for 1 h, then heated to 180°C for 5 min, and then 1 mL of oleate of Cs was quickly added. After 10 s, the mixture was rapidly cooled, centrifuged, and then dissolved in toluene;

[0021] 4) Synthesis of composite paraffin phase change energy storage material: The prepared CsPbBr3 perovskite was bathed in 20 mL DMF, and then the paraffin was melted and the mixture was added to a 100 mL single-necked flask, and cuprous iodide was added as a catalyst. The mixture was refluxed for 24 h in the dark.

[0022] Example 2

[0023] Example 1 was repeated, except that the reflux temperature of the fluorescent material and the paraffin was set to 200°C. The result was still the same substance as in Example 1, and it had all its properties.

[0024] Example 3

[0025] Example 1 was repeated, except that the reflux temperature of the fluorescent material and the paraffin was set to 120° C. As a result, the material of Example 1 was still obtained, and had all its properties.

Claims

1. The method for preparing the hybrid perovskite composite paraffin material of claim 1, characterized in that: Step 1: Add CsPbBr3 prepared by hot injection method into paraffin and heat and reflux in DMF at 100℃~180℃ for 24h to form perovskite paraffin composite material: 1) Preparation of CsPbBr3: 0.16 g of lead bromide, 1.5 mL of oleic acid, and 2.5 mL of oleylamine were placed in 50 mL of flask, and the solution was heated to 150°C for 1 h, then heated to 180°C for 5 min, and then 1 mL of oleate of Cs was quickly added. After 10 s, the mixture was rapidly cooled, centrifuged, and then dissolved in toluene; 2) Synthesis of composite paraffin phase change energy storage material: The prepared CsPbBr3 perovskite was bathed in 20 mL DMF, and then the paraffin was melted and the two were mixed and added into a 100 mL single-necked flask, and cuprous iodide was added as a catalyst, and refluxed for 24 h in the dark.

2. In claim 1, CsPbBr3 is replaced by CsPbCl3, which has the same effect as CsPbI3.

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