Control method and device for relieving thermal shock of PEM electrolytic hydrogen production device

Abstract

The invention relates to a control method and device for relieving thermal shock of a PEM electrolytic hydrogen production device. The control method comprises the steps that a power generation scene of a power source in the PEM electrolytic hydrogen production device is obtained; analyzing power generation characteristics of the power generation scene, and selecting a corresponding mitigation strategy according to the power generation characteristics; collecting voltage data of a power supply in the PEM electrolytic hydrogen production device by using a voltage collector; and the water inlet flow or the water inlet temperature of the PEM electrolytic hydrogen production device is controlled in combination with the voltage data and the selected relieving strategy. According to the method, corresponding relieving strategies are formulated based on power generation characteristics in different operation scenes of wind energy, solar energy and the like, the thermal shock caused by power fluctuation input can be flexibly and effectively relieved, the water inlet temperature and the water inlet flow are controlled through the corresponding relieving strategies, the thermal shock caused by fluctuation input can be relieved, and the power generation efficiency is improved. Therefore, the service life of the proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production device under the fluctuating input working condition is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electrolytic hydrogen production, and in particular to a control method and device for alleviating thermal shock in a PEM electrolytic hydrogen production device. Background Art

[0002] On the one hand, hydrogen energy can serve as an important medium for large-scale consumption and efficient utilization of renewable energy. On the other hand, it can also be used as a stored secondary energy source, which can be efficiently converted into energy forms such as thermal energy, chemical energy, power, and electrical energy to meet various energy load demands on multiple time scales. It can also complement and support traditional secondary energy sources.

[0003] Solid polymer electrolyte water electrolysis technology based on proton exchange membrane (PEM water electrolysis technology) has the advantages of high energy efficiency, high purity of hydrogen production, good high-voltage tolerance, compact structure and strong adaptability to input power fluctuations. It is particularly suitable for hydrogen electrolysis from renewable energy. However, the inherent volatility of renewable energy increases the complexity of electrolyzer thermal management. The electrolyzer is prone to generate considerable heat due to overpotential during operation, and the thermal field has a significant impact on the performance and durability of the electrolyzer. Due to the significant temperature difference between components such as MEA, diffusion layer and bipolar plate during hydrogen electrolysis, there is temperature non-uniformity on the surface of MEA, which may cause local hot spots. Long-term use may cause pinholes and accelerate the degradation of MEA. During the input power fluctuation, the temperature non-uniformity on the surface of MEA is further aggravated due to the slow heat transfer on the surface of MEA. At present, there is a lack of understanding and solutions for the temperature shock during the input power fluctuation for the thermal behavior of PEM electrolyzer or stack, which cannot provide guarantees for the commercialization of renewable energy integrated PEM electrolyzer system. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a control method and device for mitigating thermal shock of a PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device, which specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A control method for alleviating thermal shock of a PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device comprises the following steps:

[0006] Obtaining a power generation scenario of a power source in a PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device, wherein the power generation scenario includes at least wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation;

[0007] Analyze the power generation characteristics of the power generation scenario and select corresponding mitigation strategies according to the power generation characteristics; the power generation characteristics at least include power fluctuation characteristics and high load operation duration;

[0008] The voltage data of the power supply in the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device is collected by using a voltage collector;

[0009] The voltage data and the selected mitigation strategy are combined to control the water inlet flow or water inlet temperature of the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device.

[0010] Optionally, the mitigation strategy includes a first strategy, wherein the first strategy is:

[0011] For power generation scenarios that are subject to high-frequency power fluctuations and cannot operate at high load for a long time, thermal shock can be mitigated by controlling the inlet water temperature and flow rate.

[0012] Optionally: the mitigation strategy includes a second strategy, and the second strategy is:

[0013] For power generation scenarios with low-frequency power fluctuations and long-term high-load operation, thermal shock can be mitigated by controlling the water inlet flow rate.

[0014] Optionally, when the voltage data and the first strategy are combined to control the water inlet flow rate and water inlet temperature of the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device, the specific steps include:

[0015] Obtain the current density input by the electrolytic cell, and use the voltage collector to monitor the voltage data of the power supply in the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device in real time;

[0016] Selecting the initial water inlet flow rate and the initial water inlet temperature based on the current density, and monitoring whether the voltage fluctuation of the power supply is within the preset fluctuation range;

[0017] When the voltage fluctuation is not within the preset fluctuation range, the water inlet flow rate and the water inlet temperature are adjusted according to the preset step lengths, and the voltage fluctuation is monitored to see whether it is within the preset fluctuation range;

[0018] When the voltage fluctuation is within the preset fluctuation range, the water inlet flow rate and water inlet temperature are not adjusted.

[0019] Optional: When the voltage data and the second strategy are combined to control the water inlet flow rate of the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device, the specific steps include:

[0020] Obtain the current density input by the electrolytic cell, and use the voltage collector to monitor the voltage data of the power supply in the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device in real time;

[0021] Selecting the initial water inlet flow rate based on the current density and monitoring whether the voltage fluctuation of the power supply is within the preset fluctuation range;

[0022] When the voltage fluctuation is not within the preset fluctuation range, the water inlet flow rate is adjusted according to the preset step length, and the voltage fluctuation is monitored to see whether it meets the preset fluctuation range;

[0023] When the voltage fluctuation is within the preset fluctuation range, the water inlet flow rate is not adjusted.

[0024] Optionally, the step of mitigating thermal shock by controlling the inlet water temperature and inlet water flow in the first strategy includes:

[0025] By increasing the inlet water temperature, the voltage fluctuation of the power supply in the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device is reduced;

[0026] The voltage fluctuation of the power supply in the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device is reduced by increasing the water inlet flow rate.

[0027] Optionally, the step of mitigating thermal shock by controlling the water inlet flow in the second strategy includes:

[0028] The voltage fluctuation of the power supply in the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device is reduced by increasing the water inlet flow rate.

[0029] Optional: The setting range of the water inlet temperature is 30°C to 80°C.

[0030] Optional: The setting range of the water inlet flow rate is 20mL / min to 100mL / min.

[0031] Furthermore, the present application also discloses a control device for alleviating thermal shock of a PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device, the device comprising:

[0032] A scene acquisition module, used to acquire a power generation scene of a power source in a PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device, wherein the power generation scene includes at least wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation;

[0033] A strategy selection module, used to analyze the power generation characteristics of the power generation scenario and select a corresponding mitigation strategy according to the power generation characteristics; the power generation characteristics at least include power fluctuation characteristics and high load operation duration;

[0034] A data acquisition module is used to collect voltage data of a power supply in a PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device using a voltage collector;

[0035] The strategy adjustment module is used to control the water inlet flow rate or water inlet temperature of the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device by combining voltage data and a selected mitigation strategy.

[0036] Beneficial Effects

[0037] The technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] (1) The control method of the present application is based on the power generation characteristics under different operating scenarios of wind energy and solar energy, and corresponding mitigation strategies are formulated respectively, which can flexibly and effectively alleviate the thermal shock caused by power fluctuation input. The corresponding mitigation strategies are used to control the inlet water temperature and the inlet water flow rate respectively, which can reduce the thermal shock caused by the fluctuating input, thereby achieving the life of the proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production device under fluctuating input conditions.

[0039] (2) The control method of the present application does not need to change the original structure of the electrolytic cell, nor does it need to add additional devices. The purpose of alleviating thermal shock can be achieved by simply controlling the inlet water temperature and inlet water flow rate of the electrolytic cell, and the operation is convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a traditional PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device.

[0041] Figure 2 The temperature response curve and voltage response curve of the traditional electrolytic cell under different current step changes are shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 a is a schematic diagram of the temperature response curve of the electrolytic cell under different current step changes; Figure 2 Figure b is a schematic diagram of the voltage response curve of the electrolytic cell under different current step changes.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a control method for alleviating thermal shock in a PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device in an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of voltage response curve and temperature response curve when performing fluctuation input test at different water inlet temperatures in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 a is a schematic diagram of the voltage response curve when performing a fluctuating input test at different inlet water temperatures; Figure 4 Figure b is a schematic diagram of the temperature response curve when performing a fluctuating input test at different inlet water temperatures.

[0044] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of voltage response curve and temperature response curve when performing fluctuation input test under different water inlet flow rates in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 Figure a is a schematic diagram of the voltage response curve when performing a fluctuating input test at different water inlet flow rates; Figure 5 Figure b is a schematic diagram of the temperature response curve during the fluctuating input test under different water inlet flow rates.

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a control device used to mitigate thermal shock in a PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device in an embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present application is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application. It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application.

[0048] First, the structure of the traditional PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the entire PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device includes a water tank, a water pump, a preheater, an electrolytic cell, a power supply, a voltage collector and a temperature controller. The water tank is used to store the electrolyte in the process of electrolytic hydrogen production; the water pump is connected to the liquid outlet of the water tank, and the water pump is used to provide power for the flow of the electrolyte; the preheater is located downstream of the water pump, and the preheater is used to heat the electrolyte to control the temperature of the electrolyte entering the subsequent electrolytic cell; the electrolytic cell serves as the main reaction site for electrolytic hydrogen production, and the power supply is respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the electrolytic cell; the voltage collector is used to collect the voltage data input by the positive and negative electrodes of the electrolytic cell; the temperature controller is connected to the preheater, and the heating temperature of the preheater is controlled by the temperature controller. In this application, the water inlet flow rate of the electrolytic cell is controlled by the water pump, and the water inlet temperature of the preheater is controlled by the temperature controller, thereby adjusting the water inlet temperature and water inlet flow rate of the electrolytic cell.

[0049] Combination Figure 2 As shown in the figure, it is the temperature and voltage response diagram of the traditional PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device when encountering power fluctuation input. The inlet temperature of the electrolytic cell is set to 50℃ and the water flow rate is 60mL / min. Figure 2 As shown in (a), when encountering 1A cm -2 When the power fluctuation input is 4Acm, the temperature in the electrolytic cell rises to 50.5℃, which is close to the inlet temperature. -2 When the power fluctuation input was 0.5%, the temperature in the electrolytic cell rose to 59.0℃, and the MEA heating rate was significant, reaching 54.0℃min -1 , which exceeds the magnitude commonly used in thermal shock duration experiments. Figure 2 As shown in (b), larger current step amplitudes lead to higher overpotentials in the MEA, which in turn increases heat generation.

[0050] Combination Figure 3 As shown, the embodiment of the present application specifically discloses a control method for alleviating thermal shock of a PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device, which comprises the following steps:

[0051] Step 1: Obtain a power generation scenario of a power source in a PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device, wherein the power generation scenario includes at least wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation;

[0052] Step 2: Analyze the power generation characteristics of the power generation scenario and select a corresponding mitigation strategy based on the power generation characteristics; the power generation characteristics at least include power fluctuation characteristics and high load operation duration;

[0053] Step 3: Use a voltage collector to collect voltage data of the power supply in the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device;

[0054] Step 4: Combine the voltage data and the selected mitigation strategy to control the water inlet flow or water inlet temperature of the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device.

[0055] Specifically, the mitigation strategy in step 2 includes at least a first strategy and a second strategy.

[0056] The first strategy is to mitigate thermal shock by controlling the inlet water temperature and flow rate for power generation scenarios that are subject to high-frequency power fluctuations and cannot operate at high load for a long time.

[0057] The steps of mitigating thermal shock by controlling the inlet water temperature and the inlet water flow rate in the first strategy include:

[0058] By increasing the inlet water temperature, the voltage fluctuation of the power supply in the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device is reduced;

[0059] The voltage fluctuation of the power supply in the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device is reduced by increasing the water inlet flow rate.

[0060] Furthermore, the second strategy is to mitigate thermal shock by controlling the water inlet flow rate for power generation scenarios that are in low-frequency power fluctuations and can operate at high load for a long time.

[0061] Specifically, the step of mitigating thermal shock by controlling the water inlet flow rate in the second strategy includes: reducing the voltage fluctuation of the power supply in the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device by increasing the water inlet flow rate.

[0062] The present application verifies the control of water inlet temperature and water inlet flow rate of a PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device through Example 1 and Example 2, respectively.

[0063] Embodiment 1:

[0064] In Example 1 of the present application, different water inlet temperatures were used to perform power fluctuation input tests, and the results are as follows: Figure 4 In this embodiment 1, the power fluctuation input test is performed with water inlet temperatures of 30°C, 50°C and 80°C, respectively. The input power tested is 1A cm -2 , 2A cm -2 、3A cm -2 and 4A cm -2 .according to Figure 4 The results show that when encountering different degrees of fluctuating input shocks, higher inlet water temperature will lead to smaller voltage changes: Figure 4As shown in (a), as the inlet water temperature increases from 30.0℃ to 80.0℃, the voltage increase decreases, so the thermal shock caused by the voltage increase can be alleviated. At the same time, when encountering different degrees of fluctuating input shocks, higher inlet water temperature will lead to smaller temperature changes: Figure 4 As shown in (b), as the inlet water temperature increases from 30.0℃ to 80.0℃, ΔT decreases from 11.6℃ to 5.1℃, so the thermal shock caused by the temperature increase can be alleviated.

[0065] Embodiment 2:

[0066] In Example 2 of the present application, different water inlet flow rates were used to perform power fluctuation input tests, and the results are as follows: Figure 5 In this embodiment 2, the water flow rates of 20 mL / min, 60 mL / min, 80 mL / min and 100 mL / min were used to carry out the power fluctuation input test. The input power tested was 1 A cm -2 , 2A cm -2 、3A cm -2 and 4Acm -2 .according to Figure 5 As shown in Figure 2, when encountering different degrees of fluctuating input shocks, a higher water inlet flow rate will result in a smaller voltage change: Figure 5 As shown in (a), as the water flow rate increases from 20mL / min to 100mL / min, the voltage increase decreases, so the thermal shock caused by the voltage increase can be alleviated. At the same time, when encountering different degrees of fluctuating input shocks, a higher water flow rate will lead to a smaller temperature change: Figure 5 As shown in (b), as the water inlet flow rate increases from 20 mL / min to 100 mL / min, ΔT decreases significantly, so the thermal shock caused by the temperature increase can be alleviated.

[0067] Specifically, in step 4, when the voltage data and the first strategy are combined to control the water inlet flow rate and water inlet temperature of the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device, the specific steps include:

[0068] Obtain the current density input by the electrolytic cell, and use the voltage collector to monitor the voltage data of the power supply in the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device in real time;

[0069] Selecting the initial water inlet flow rate and the initial water inlet temperature based on the current density, and monitoring whether the voltage fluctuation of the power supply is within the preset fluctuation range;

[0070] When the voltage fluctuation is not within the preset fluctuation range, the water flow rate and water temperature are adjusted according to the preset step size, and the voltage fluctuation is monitored to see whether it meets the preset fluctuation range; preferably, the electrode area of ​​the electrolytic cell in this application is 6.25cm2 , the corresponding adjustment range of the water inlet flow rate is 20mL / min~100mL / min; it should be noted that the water inlet flow rate adjustment can change with the electrode area. As the electrode area increases, the water inlet flow rate can be appropriately increased; the adjustment range of the water inlet temperature is 30℃~80℃.

[0071] When the voltage fluctuation is within the preset fluctuation range, the water inlet flow rate and water inlet temperature are not adjusted.

[0072] More specifically, in step 4, when the voltage data and the second strategy are combined to control the water inlet flow rate of the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device, the specific steps include:

[0073] Obtain the current density input by the electrolytic cell, and use the voltage collector to monitor the voltage data of the power supply in the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device in real time;

[0074] Selecting the initial water inlet flow rate based on the current density and monitoring whether the voltage fluctuation of the power supply is within the preset fluctuation range;

[0075] When the voltage fluctuation is not within the preset fluctuation range, the water inlet flow rate is adjusted according to the preset step size, and the voltage fluctuation is monitored to see whether it meets the preset fluctuation range; preferably, the adjustment range of the water inlet flow rate is 20mL / min to 100mL / min; similarly, the water inlet flow rate adjustment can change with the electrode area, and the water inlet flow rate can be appropriately increased as the electrode area increases.

[0076] When the voltage fluctuation is within the preset fluctuation range, the water inlet flow rate is not adjusted.

[0077] Further, combined with Figure 6 As shown, the present application also discloses a control device for alleviating thermal shock of a PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device, the device comprising:

[0078] A scene acquisition module, used to acquire a power generation scene of a power source in a PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device, wherein the power generation scene includes at least wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation;

[0079] A strategy selection module, used to analyze the power generation characteristics of the power generation scenario and select a corresponding mitigation strategy according to the power generation characteristics; the power generation characteristics at least include power fluctuation characteristics and high load operation duration;

[0080] A data acquisition module is used to collect voltage data of a power supply in a PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device using a voltage collector;

[0081] The strategy adjustment module is used to control the water inlet flow rate or water inlet temperature of the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device by combining voltage data and a selected mitigation strategy.

[0082] The device provided in the embodiment of the present application can achieve Figure 1 To avoid repetition, the various processes implemented by the method embodiment will not be described again here.

[0083] like Figure 7 As shown, the embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, including a processor 701, a memory 702 and a bus 703, wherein the processor 701 and the memory 702 communicate with each other through the bus 703; and a program or instruction stored in the memory 702 and executable on the processor 701, which is executed by the processor 701 to implement the following Figure 1 The various processes of the method embodiment shown in the figure can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0084] The embodiment of the present application also provides a readable storage medium on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the above Figure 1 The various processes of the method embodiments described above can achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0085] The present application also provides a computer program product, including computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the above Figure 1 The various processes of the method embodiments described above can achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0086] It should be understood that "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" mentioned throughout the specification means that specific features, structures or characteristics related to the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present application, the size of the sequence number of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application. The above-mentioned sequence numbers of the embodiments of the present application are only for description and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0087] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0088] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as: multiple units or components can be combined, or can be integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection between the components shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0089] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units; they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units; some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.

[0090] In addition, all functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may be a separate unit, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit; the above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0091] A person skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above method embodiment can be completed by hardware related to program instructions, and the aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it executes the steps of the above method embodiment; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: mobile storage devices, read-only memories (ROM), magnetic disks or optical disks, etc., various media that can store program codes.

[0092] Alternatively, if the above-mentioned integrated unit of the present application is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application can essentially or in other words, the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a device (which can be a terminal or a platform, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as mobile storage devices, ROMs, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0093] The above is only a preferred implementation of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A control method for alleviating thermal shock in a PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device, characterized in that: The steps include: Obtaining a power generation scenario of a power source in a PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device, wherein the power generation scenario includes at least wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation; Analyze the power generation characteristics of the power generation scenario and select corresponding mitigation strategies according to the power generation characteristics; the power generation characteristics at least include power fluctuation characteristics and high load operation duration; The voltage data of the power supply in the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device is collected by using a voltage collector; The voltage data and the selected mitigation strategy are combined to control the water inlet flow or water inlet temperature of the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device.

2. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mitigation strategy includes a first strategy, wherein the first strategy is: For power generation scenarios that are subject to high-frequency power fluctuations and cannot operate at high load for a long time, thermal shock can be mitigated by controlling the inlet water temperature and flow rate.

3. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mitigation strategy includes a second strategy, wherein the second strategy is: For power generation scenarios with low-frequency power fluctuations and long-term high-load operation, thermal shock can be mitigated by controlling the water inlet flow rate.

4. The control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the voltage data and the first strategy are combined to control the water inlet flow rate and water inlet temperature of the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device, the specific steps include: Obtain the current density input by the electrolytic cell, and use the voltage collector to monitor the voltage data of the power supply in the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device in real time; Selecting the initial water inlet flow rate and the initial water inlet temperature based on the current density, and monitoring whether the voltage fluctuation of the power supply is within the preset fluctuation range; When the voltage fluctuation is not within the preset fluctuation range, the water inlet flow rate and the water inlet temperature are adjusted according to the preset step lengths, and the voltage fluctuation is monitored to see whether it is within the preset fluctuation range; When the voltage fluctuation is within the preset fluctuation range, the water inlet flow rate and water inlet temperature are not adjusted.

5. The control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the voltage data and the second strategy are combined to control the water inlet flow rate of the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device, the specific steps include: Obtain the current density input by the electrolytic cell, and use the voltage collector to monitor the voltage data of the power supply in the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device in real time; Selecting the initial water inlet flow rate based on the current density and monitoring whether the voltage fluctuation of the power supply is within the preset fluctuation range; When the voltage fluctuation is not within the preset fluctuation range, the water inlet flow rate is adjusted according to the preset step length, and the voltage fluctuation is monitored to see whether it meets the preset fluctuation range; When the voltage fluctuation is within the preset fluctuation range, the water inlet flow rate is not adjusted.

6. The control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steps of mitigating thermal shock by controlling the inlet water temperature and the inlet water flow rate in the first strategy include: By increasing the inlet water temperature, the voltage fluctuation of the power supply in the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device is reduced; The voltage fluctuation of the power supply in the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device is reduced by increasing the water inlet flow rate.

7. The control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steps of mitigating thermal shock by controlling the water inlet flow rate in the second strategy include: The voltage fluctuation of the power supply in the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device is reduced by increasing the water inlet flow rate.

8. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The setting range of the inlet water temperature is 30°C to 80°C.

9. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The setting range of the water inlet flow rate is 20mL / min to 100mL / min.

10. A control device for alleviating thermal shock of a PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A scene acquisition module, used to acquire a power generation scene of a power source in a PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device, wherein the power generation scene includes at least wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation; A strategy selection module, used to analyze the power generation characteristics of the power generation scenario and select a corresponding mitigation strategy according to the power generation characteristics; the power generation characteristics at least include power fluctuation characteristics and high load operation duration; A data acquisition module is used to collect voltage data of a power supply in a PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device using a voltage collector; The strategy adjustment module is used to control the water inlet flow rate or water inlet temperature of the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production device by combining voltage data and a selected mitigation strategy.

Images