Water dry powder extinguishing agent, preparation method and application thereof and fire-fighting bomb

Abstract

The invention discloses a water dry powder extinguishing agent, a preparation method and application thereof and a fire-fighting bomb. The water dry powder extinguishing agent comprises a superfine base material, a powder auxiliary material, a modifier and a flame-retardant material, the superfine base material is selected from one or more of the following types: superfine ammonium dihydrogen phosphate NH4H2PO4 powder, superfine ammonium polyphosphate, superfine NaHCO3 powder, superfine KHCO3 powder, superfine SiF4 powder, superfine (NH4) 2SO4 powder and superfine melamine cyanurate powder. The water dry powder extinguishing agent can be used for extinguishing A, B and C type and electrified equipment fire disasters, is non-toxic and harmless, does not irritate human skin, does not corrode protected objects, does not decompose in a normal state, does not absorb moisture, does not agglomerate and disperse, and is good in electric insulativity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fire fighting and extinguishing, and specifically relates to a water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent and a preparation method and application thereof, and a fire bomb. Background Art

[0002] Fire is a frequent disaster phenomenon, which is sudden and destructive. The occurrence of fire not only causes huge losses to the country's forest resources and the lives and property of the people, but also causes serious damage to the ecological environment. The recovery period after the fire takes ten or even hundreds of years.

[0003] In actual firefighting, spraying large water droplets on burning combustibles is an effective way to extinguish fires and a commonly used firefighting strategy. Commonly used fire extinguishing agents can be divided into two categories according to the fire extinguishing mechanism: chemical fire extinguishing and physical fire extinguishing. Chemical fire extinguishing uses the chemical inhibition effect when chemical substances meet flames to capture combustion free radicals, block the combustion chain reaction, and extinguish the flame. Therefore, the fire extinguishing speed is fast and efficient, but the possibility of re-ignition is high. Physical fire extinguishing uses asphyxiation to extinguish the fire without oxygen for combustion, so the fire extinguishing speed is slow and the efficiency is low. However, physical fire extinguishing methods have unique effects on extinguishing the flameless combustion (smoldering) of combustible solids and preventing the re-ignition of combustible liquids.

[0004] The United States first developed dry powder fire extinguishing agents based on sodium bicarbonate, and has developed into a variety of products. ABC: ammonium phosphate; BC: sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, etc.; D: graphite fire extinguishing agent, etc. Dry powder fire extinguishing agents have excellent fire extinguishing rate and efficiency. The fire extinguishing speed of dry powder is 2.5 times that of halogenated hydrocarbons, 4 times that of carbon dioxide, 20 times that of foam, and 40 times that of water.

[0005] At present, the substances that can play a role in fire extinguishing in domestic products mainly include: ammonium phosphate, ammonium carbonate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, etc. The content of fire extinguishing components of ordinary dry powder fire extinguishing agents is strictly regulated in the national standard, with diammonium phosphate content ≥75% and sodium bicarbonate content ≥82%.

[0006] Ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing technology (also known as non-high temperature aerosol fire extinguishing technology) is a new type of fire extinguishing technology developed to solve the low efficiency of conventional dry powder fire extinguishing agents and the associated problems caused by thermal reactions when hot aerosols are used. It can not only ensure the safety of external spraying, environmental protection, non-toxicity, and efficient fire extinguishing, but also avoid a series of associated problems caused by high temperature reactions. Ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing agent refers to inorganic fire extinguishing particles with a particle size of less than 20μm. Before the ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing agent is released, the gas dispersion medium and the dispersion medium are stable, with large volumetric efficiency, good dispersibility, and spatial diffusion. It diffuses to the fire area in a very short time, and can bypass obstacles and retain a longer residence time in the fire space, thereby effectively protecting the fire space and playing a role in quickly extinguishing the fire. Due to its huge specific surface area, ultrafine dry powder has outstanding fire extinguishing efficiency and low fire extinguishing concentration. It can extinguish Class B, Class C fires and Class A / B mixed fires in closed and semi-closed spaces. Its fire extinguishing efficiency is 6 to 10 times that of ordinary dry powder. It has the advantages of not damaging the atmospheric ozone layer and being green and environmentally friendly.

[0007] However, the current ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing agent still has the defects of long fire extinguishing time and low fire extinguishing efficiency. How to further improve the fire extinguishing agent to reduce the fire extinguishing time and improve the fire extinguishing efficiency is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in this field. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the fire extinguishing agent in the prior art, that is, the long fire extinguishing time and low fire extinguishing efficiency, and provide a water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent and its preparation method and application, and a fire-fighting bomb. The water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent in the present invention can be used in the fire-fighting bomb and sprayed on the burning object to more effectively and quickly isolate oxygen and terminate the flame combustion reaction to produce free radicals; its unit volume fire extinguishing efficiency is 4-6 times that of the halon fire extinguishing agent, 8-12 times that of the ordinary dry powder fire extinguishing agent, more than 13 times that of heptafluoropropane, and 15 times that of carbon dioxide, and has a significant anti-reignition effect.

[0009] At present, the research on water-dry powder fire extinguishing agents mainly focuses on improving fire extinguishing efficiency, reducing environmental impact, and improving safe use performance. After more than ten years of research and development, the inventor introduced the water-dry powder structure into the field of fire-proof and extinguishing materials, and obtained a water-dry powder flame-retardant fire extinguishing material with more optimized performance, which has the advantages of water and dry powder fire extinguishing agents. This fire extinguishing agent mainly includes water, inorganic salts, additives and fillers, etc., and has the characteristics of fast fire extinguishing speed, high efficiency, safety, environmental protection and no pollution, etc., which overcomes the shortcomings of using water and dry powder fire extinguishing agents alone to a certain extent.

[0010] In the present invention, the water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent has the following characteristics: water is bound in a solid shell and has the property of accumulation; it has good fire extinguishing performance by playing the role of cooling, suffocation, isolation and chemical inhibition at the same time; it significantly reduces the secondary disaster caused by water during fire extinguishing; it is non-toxic, uses a small amount of powder, has zero ozone layer depletion value and zero greenhouse effect potential value. In the present invention, the water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent can be used to extinguish fires of Class A, B, C and live equipment. The water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent is non-toxic and harmless, has no irritation to human skin, has no corrosion to protected objects, does not decompose in normal state, does not absorb moisture, does not agglomerate, and has good dispersibility and electrical insulation.

[0011] The present invention provides a water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent, which comprises an ultra-fine base material, a powder auxiliary material, a modifier, and a flame retardant material;

[0012] The ultrafine base material is selected from one or more of the following types: ultrafine diammonium phosphate NH4H2PO4 powder, ultrafine ammonium polyphosphate (APP) [(NH4PO3)n], ultrafine NaHCO3 powder, ultrafine KHCO3 powder, ultrafine SiF4 powder, ultrafine (NH4)2SO4 powder, ultrafine cyanuric acid melamine salt (MCA) powder;

[0013] The powder auxiliary material is selected from one or more of the following categories: sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, fluorocarbon surfactant, talc, hydrophobic white carbon black, silicone oil, mica, graphite, vermiculite, zeolite, perlite, MMA (methyl methacrylate) + PFEA (perfluorohexylethyl acrylate) + MEHQ (p-hydroxyanisole), perfluoro copolymer, and smoke suppression material;

[0014] The modifier is stearate;

[0015] The flame retardant material is selected from one or more of the following categories: nitrogen-phosphorus-aluminum-silicon-H2O synergistic flame retardant material, hydrophobic silicon-based aerogel (SA).

[0016] The water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent under development is synthesized from hydrophobic silica, diammonium phosphate, urea, sodium tripolyphosphate, water and other raw materials. The water content of the water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent is 50%-70%, which is 5 times more efficient than ordinary ABC dry powder fire extinguishing agent and 2 times more efficient than ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing agent. The advantages of water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent are: more environmentally friendly and safe, light weight and low cost. It is suitable for the prevention and fire fighting of Class A, B, C, D and new energy storage equipment.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the average particle diameter of the water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is D 50 Between 0 and 300 μm, for example between 0 and 200 μm, for example 150 μm, 180 μm, 200 μm, 140 μm, 130 μm, 100 μm, 140 μm, 150 μm, 130 μm, 100 μm.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the density of the water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is: ρ≈1800kg / m 3 .

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the bulk density of the water dry powder fire extinguishing agent: ρb is 760-900 kg / m 3 , for example 760kg / m 3 、804kg / m 3 , 900kg / m 3 , 750kg / m 3 , 700kg / m 3 、600kg / m 3 、754kg / m 3 、765kg / m 3 , 700kg / m 3 、650kg / m 3 .

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the water-based dry powder fire extinguishing agent has an atmospheric ozone layer depletion potential of: ODP=0.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, the greenhouse effect potential value of the water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is: GWP=0.

[0022] In the present invention, the water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent includes three inorganic phases, and its fire extinguishing mechanism includes: oxygen isolation + inhibition + cooling, which can satisfy the hydrophobicity and oleophobicity at the same time.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, the ultrafine base material is subjected to ultrafine grinding and chemical surface modification.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, the average particle size of the ultrafine base material is ≤20 μm.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, the average particle size of the ultrafine base material is 15 μm.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, the specific surface area of ​​the ultrafine base material is 2.2 m 2 / cm 3 .

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, the surface morphology of the ultrafine base material is regular and the fluidity is 6.5s.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, the anti-caking property of the ultrafine base material is 30 mm.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrophobic retention rate of the ultrafine base material is greater than 98%.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, the moisture absorption rate of the ultrafine base material is less than 1.71%.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, the ultrafine base material is selected from one or more of the following types: ultrafine diammonium phosphate NH4H2PO4 powder, ultrafine ammonium polyphosphate (APP) [(NH4PO3)n], ultrafine NaHCO3 powder, ultrafine KHCO3 powder, ultrafine (NH4)2SO4 powder, and ultrafine melamine cyanurate (MCA) powder.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the degree of polymerization of the ultrafine ammonium polyphosphate is 500-1000.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, the ultrafine base material is prepared by the following method: it is obtained by grinding it in a QM planetary ball mill at a ball milling ratio of 0:0:200 at 350 r / min for 20 minutes.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, the ultrafine base material and the powder auxiliary material are mixed and crushed to obtain a modified ultrafine base material.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the modified ultrafine base material, the mass ratio of the ultrafine base material to the powder auxiliary material is 100:1, for example, 100 parts of the ultrafine base material and 10 parts of the powder auxiliary material.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the modified ultrafine base material, the mixing and crushing method is ball milling.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, the modified ultrafine base material is prepared by the following method: the ultrafine base material and the powder auxiliary material are ground by a QM planetary ball mill at a ball milling ratio of 0:0:200 at 350 r / min for 20 minutes to obtain the obtained product.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, the powder auxiliary material is selected from one or more of the following categories: sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, fluorocarbon surfactant, talcum powder, hydrophobic white carbon black, and methyl hydrogen silicone oil.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen content in the methyl hydrogen-containing silicone oil is 0.1-1.7 mol%, for example, 0.5 mol%, 0.75 mol%, 1.0 mol%.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present invention, the modified ultrafine base material is modified with stearate.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present invention, the stearate is selected from sodium stearate, magnesium stearate, and calcium stearate.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present invention, the stearate is 5 parts.

[0043] Among them, different base materials are mixed with different auxiliary materials and different modification processes are used to prepare fire retardants for use in different places. For example: after perfluorinated treatment, it has good oil repellency, which can effectively prevent the re-ignition of oil fires. It is suitable for chemical compounding of flame retardant and water repellent materials in the petroleum field, has good water repellency and fluidity, is non-corrosive, and is suitable for instruments and equipment.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, the flame retardant material is gel-sol-gel.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present invention, the flame retardant material is a silicon-based gel that forms oxygen-silicon aerogel at high temperature. The oxygen-silicon aerogel cross-links itself to form a stable polymer coating film that can isolate oxygen and be flame retardant.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the modified ultrafine base material to the flame retardant material is 100:(5-20), for example, 100:5, 100:15 or 100:20.

[0047] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following steps:

[0048] (1) mixing and grinding the ultrafine base material and the powder auxiliary material to obtain a modified ultrafine base material;

[0049] (2) The modified ultrafine base material, the modifier and the flame retardant material are mixed to obtain the water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), the mixing method is ball milling mixing, for example, ball milling for 40 minutes at a ball milling ratio of 0:250:220 in a QM planetary ball mill at 450 r / min; for example, ball milling for 40 minutes at a ball milling ratio of 0:250:280 in a QM planetary ball mill at 450 r / min.

[0051] The present invention also provides an application of the water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent as a fire extinguishing agent.

[0052] The present invention also provides a fire-fighting bomb, which comprises the water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0053] The fire-fighting bomb containing the water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent in the present invention can be used as an efficient, safe and environmentally friendly fire-fighting equipment to quickly extinguish the fire source by releasing the water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present invention, the shell of the fire bomb is made of flame-retardant and degradable paper, high temperature resistant and corrosion resistant material to ensure that it can withstand high temperature and high pressure at the fire scene.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, the fire-fighting bomb has waterproof, moisture-proof, explosion-proof and other properties, can be used in various harsh environments, and has a fire-fighting efficiency 3 to 5 times that of conventional ultra-fine dry powder fire-fighting bombs.

[0056] The fire-fighting bomb of the present invention is easy to use. When using the fire-fighting bomb, it only needs to be thrown to the fire source, and the bomb body will automatically detonate to release the water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing agent will instantly cover the fire source and quickly reduce the temperature of the fire source through chemical reaction, thereby achieving the purpose of quickly extinguishing the fire and preventing it from rekindling.

[0057] The fire-fighting bomb of the present invention also has very good stability and reliability, and can maintain good performance during long-term storage. Therefore, the water-dry powder fire-fighting bomb of the present invention can be widely used in various occasions, such as homes, schools, shopping malls, factories, vehicles, etc., and is an ideal product for fire prevention, fire extinguishing and emergency rescue.

[0058] The principle of fire extinguishing by the fire bomb in the present invention is as follows: the fire bomb is ignited by the pull ring and the fuse, and the ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing agent instantly generates high-pressure gas to form micro-shock wave negative oxygen, which cuts off the flames of the surrounding combustibles and destroys the combustion chain; at the same time, the ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing agent is thrown and quickly and evenly diffused to the fire area of ​​the burning material. The ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing agent reacts rapidly under high temperature conditions to form a glass-like fire-proof film on the combustibles to ensure that there is no re-ignition after the fire is extinguished. Under the action of the micro-shock wave, the ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing agent thrown can quickly reduce the ambient temperature after covering the combustibles, and the formation of a fire-proof film to isolate oxygen and other multiple effects can achieve the best effect of rapid fire extinguishing, cooling and no re-ignition.

[0059] On the basis of being in accordance with the common sense in the art, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0060] The reagents and raw materials used in the present invention are commercially available.

[0061] The positive and progressive effects of the present invention are:

[0062] (1) The water-based dry powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention is used in fire bombs. After being sprayed on the burning object, it can more effectively and quickly isolate oxygen and terminate the flame combustion reaction to produce free radicals;

[0063] The fire extinguishing efficiency per unit volume is 4-6 times that of halon fire extinguishing agent, 7-12 times that of ordinary dry powder fire extinguishing agent, more than 13 times that of heptafluoropropane, 15 times that of carbon dioxide, and 3-5 times that of ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing agent, with significant anti-reignition effect;

[0064] Fire extinguishing experiments show that the effective fire extinguishing time of the water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention is reduced from 4s to 1s, the effective fire extinguishing times are increased from 2 times to 7 times, and the fire extinguishing efficiency is 4 to 6 times that of the ordinary NH4H2PO4 fire extinguishing agent.

[0065] (2) The water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent in the present invention introduces the water-dry powder structure into the field of fire extinguishing materials, possesses the advantages of water and dry powder fire extinguishing agents, and overcomes the shortcomings of both to a certain extent. The water-dry powder flame retardant fire extinguishing agent has the following characteristics: water is bound in a solid shell and has stacking properties; it simultaneously exerts cooling, suffocating, isolating, and chemically inhibiting effects and has good fire extinguishing performance; it significantly reduces the secondary disasters caused by water during fire extinguishing; it is non-toxic, uses a small amount of powder, has zero ozone layer depletion value, and has zero greenhouse effect potential value.

[0066] (3) The water-dry powder fire-fighting bomb of the present invention is uniquely designed. Its shell is made of flame-retardant and degradable paper, high temperature resistant and corrosion resistant materials, ensuring that it can withstand high temperature and high pressure at the fire scene. At the same time, the water-dry powder fire-fighting bomb also has waterproof, moisture-proof and explosion-proof properties, and can be used in various harsh environments. The fire extinguishing efficiency is 3 to 5 times that of conventional ultra-fine dry powder fire-fighting bombs.

[0067] (4) The water-dry powder fire-fighting bomb of the present invention also has very good stability and reliability, and can maintain good performance during long-term storage. Therefore, the water-dry powder fire-fighting bomb can be widely used in various occasions, such as homes, schools, shopping malls, factories, vehicles, etc., and is an ideal product for fire prevention, fire fighting and emergency rescue; it is also suitable for fire prevention and fire fighting in all fields such as forests, grasslands, factories and mines, petrochemicals, high-rise buildings, tunnels, various residential areas, various public areas, various vehicles, subways, airports, military bases, etc., and has broad practical prospects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] In the following embodiments and comparative examples:

[0070] MPP flame retardant, molecular formula: (C3H8N6)m(HPO3)n; purchased from Hefei Wanran New Material Technology Co., Ltd.

[0071] MTMS-based hydrophobic silica aerogel is a hydrophobic silica aerogel material, in which MTMS stands for methyltri(methoxy)silane, i.e. methyltrimethoxysilane: purchased from Henan Fanrui Composite Materials Research Institute Co., Ltd.

[0072] In the following embodiments and comparative examples:

[0073] The hydrophobicity (oil) rate is tested by the following method:

[0074] Weigh 10g of ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing agent, sprinkle it into deionized water (or aviation kerosene), stir for 10 minutes, pick up the fire extinguishing agent floating on the water (oil), dry it, cool it to room temperature, and weigh it to obtain the mass w (g) of the fire extinguishing agent floating on the water (or oil). The hydrophobicity (oil) rate of the fire extinguishing agent is calculated as follows: hydrophobicity (oil) rate = (w / 10) × 100%.

[0075] The specific surface area of ​​ultrafine dry powder can be tested by gas adsorption method. The test method is as follows:

[0076] The powder sample to be tested is placed in a U-shaped sample tube, and a mixed gas containing a certain proportion of adsorbate flows through the sample. The adsorption amount of the adsorbate molecules by the tested sample is determined based on the change in gas concentration before and after adsorption.

[0077] The instrument for measuring powder fluidity is called a powder flow meter, also known as a Hall flow meter. It consists of a funnel, a base, a powder receiver, etc. It measures the flow time of 10g of dry powder fire extinguishing agent on the funnel.

[0078] The calculation of the atmospheric ozone depletion potential (ODP) is based on the ratio of the change in the total amount of ozone in the atmosphere caused by a unit mass of a certain gas to the change in the total amount of ozone in the atmosphere caused by a unit mass of trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11).

[0079] The calculation of the greenhouse effect potential (GWP) is based on the global warming potential of a chemical substance, which is defined as the ratio of the time integral of the radiation effect over a period of time starting from the beginning of the release of one kilogram of the substance to the corresponding time integral of the release of one kilogram of carbon dioxide under the same conditions.

[0080] Example 1 Preparation of modified ultrafine base material

[0081] According to the formula ratio shown in Table 1 below, the modified ultrafine base material is prepared.

[0082] Table 1

[0083]

[0084] Note: The hydrogen content in hydrogen-containing silicone oil refers to the mole percentage. The mole percentage of hydrogen content refers to the number of moles of hydrogen in every 100 moles of hydrogen-containing silicone oil.

[0085] The preparation method is as follows:

[0086] (1) The base materials shown in Table 1 were dried to a moisture content of less than 0.15%, and then ground in a QM planetary ball mill at a ball milling ratio of 0:0:200 at 350 r / min for 20 min to obtain a mixture a. The average particle size of the mixture a was 15 μm and the specific surface area was 2.2 m 2 / cm 3 , regular surface morphology, powder fluidity of 6.5s, anti-caking property of 30mm, hydrophobic retention rate greater than 98%, and moisture absorption rate less than 1.71%.

[0087] (2) Mixture a was mixed with the powder auxiliary material and then milled in a QM planetary ball mill at a ball milling ratio of 0:0:200 at 350 r / min for 20 min to obtain mixture b.

[0088] (3) Mixture b and the modifier were mixed and then milled in a QM planetary ball mill at a ball milling ratio of 0:0:200 at 350 r / min for 20 min to obtain a modified ultrafine base material.

[0089] Example 2 Preparation of water dry powder fire extinguishing agent

[0090] The modified ultrafine base materials in Example 1 were taken respectively, and water-dry powder fire extinguishing agents were prepared according to the formula proportions shown in Table 2 below.

[0091] The preparation method is as follows: the modified ultrafine base material and the flame retardant material are mixed.

[0092] Table 2

[0093]

[0094] Example 3 Preparation of water dry powder fire extinguishing agent

[0095] Example 3-1: Take the formula of the water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent in Example 2-1, and use a QM planetary ball mill at a ball milling ratio of 0:250:220 at 450r / min for 40 minutes to obtain a water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0096] Example 3-2: Take the formula of the water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent in Example 2-1, and use a QM planetary ball mill at a ball milling ratio of 0:250:280 at 450 r / min for 40 minutes to obtain a water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0097] Effect Example 1

[0098] Reference is made to the National Standard of the People's Republic of China for dry powder fire extinguishing agents, Part 1: BC dry powder fire extinguishing agent GB4066.1-2004, and Part 2: ABC dry powder fire extinguishing agent GB4066.2-2004, ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing agent: XF578-2023, GB4351-2023.

[0099] Take the modified ultrafine base material prepared in Example 1-1, which meets the following requirements:

[0100] Average particle diameter D 50 ≤15μm;

[0101] Density: ρ≈1800kg / m 3 ,

[0102] Bulk density: ρb≈760kg / m 3 ,

[0103] Potential value for depletion of atmospheric ozone layer: ODP = 0,

[0104] Greenhouse effect potential: GWP=0.

[0105] The water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention is non-toxic and harmless, has no irritation to human skin, and has no corrosion to the protected objects. It does not decompose, absorb moisture, or agglomerate in a normal state, and has good dispersibility and electrical insulation.

[0106] Effect Example 2

[0107] Reference is made to the National Standard of the People's Republic of China for dry powder fire extinguishing agents, Part 1: BC dry powder fire extinguishing agent GB4066.1-2004, and Part 2: ABC dry powder fire extinguishing agent GB4066.2-2004, ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing agent: XF578-2023, GB4351-2023.

[0108] The present invention measured the bulk density, moisture absorption rate, fluidity, particle size, anti-caking property, hydrophobicity, and oleophobicity of the water-based dry powder fire extinguishing agent in Example 2 and Example 3, as shown in Table 3 below.

[0109] Table 3

[0110]

[0111]

[0112] Effect Example 3

[0113] The present invention measures the fire extinguishing efficiency of the water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent in Example 2 and Example 3.

[0114] The method for determining the effective fire extinguishing time is: the time it takes for the flame to be extinguished after the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed on the burning material (wood).

[0115] The method for determining the number of effective fire extinguishing times is: repeat 10 times and measure the number of times the flame is completely extinguished.

[0116] The specific data are shown in Table 4 below.

[0117] Table 4

[0118] serial number Effective fire extinguishing time Effective fire extinguishing times Example 2-1 2 7 Example 2-2 3 7 Example 2-3 3.5 7 Embodiment 2-4 2 8 Embodiment 2-5 1 9 Embodiment 2-6 2 8 Embodiment 2-7 2 8 Embodiment 2-8 1 9 Example 3-1 2 8 Example 3-2 1 9 Halon fire extinguishing agent 4 3 <![CDATA[Ordinary dry powder NH4H2PO4 fire extinguishing agent]]> 5 2 Heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing agent 4 2 Carbon dioxide fire extinguisher 4 2

[0119] The experimental results show:

[0120] The particle size of water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent directly affects its fire extinguishing efficiency. The water-dry powder flame retardant fire extinguishing agent with a particle size between 100 and 300 μm has the best fire extinguishing performance. Through comparative tests, it is found that the fire extinguishing time and the minimum amount of fire extinguishing agent used by water-dry powder flame retardant fire extinguishing agent are significantly less than those used by ABC dry powder fire extinguishing agent, and the fire extinguishing efficiency is equivalent to that of BC dry powder fire extinguishing agent. However, BC type fire extinguishing agent cannot extinguish solid fires and has certain limitations. Therefore, water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent has broad application research prospects in the field of fire extinguishing.

[0121] Fire extinguishing experiments show that:

[0122] (1) The effective fire extinguishing time of the water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention is reduced from 4s to 1s, the number of effective fire extinguishing times is increased from 2 times to 7 times, and the fire extinguishing efficiency is 4 to 6 times that of the ordinary NH4H2PO4 fire extinguishing agent;

[0123] (2) The fire extinguishing efficiency per unit volume of the water-based dry powder fire extinguishing agent in the present invention is 4-6 times that of the halon fire extinguishing agent, 7-12 times that of the ordinary dry powder fire extinguishing agent, more than 13 times that of heptafluoropropane, 15 times that of carbon dioxide, and 3-5 times that of the ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing agent, and has a significant anti-reignition effect.

[0124] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water dry powder fire extinguishing agent, characterized in that: It includes ultrafine base material, powder auxiliary material, modifier, and flame retardant material; The ultrafine base material is selected from one or more of the following types: ultrafine diammonium phosphate NH4H2PO4 powder, ultrafine ammonium polyphosphate, ultrafine NaHCO3 powder, ultrafine KHCO3 powder, ultrafine SiF4 powder, ultrafine (NH4)2SO4 powder, ultrafine cyanuric acid melamine salt powder; The powder auxiliary material is selected from one or more of the following categories: sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, fluorocarbon surfactant, talc, hydrophobic white carbon black, silicone oil, mica, graphite, vermiculite, zeolite, perlite, "methyl methacrylate, perfluorohexylethyl acrylate and p-hydroxyanisole", perfluoro copolymer, smoke suppressant material; The modifier is stearate; The flame retardant material is selected from one or more of the following categories: nitrogen-phosphorus-aluminum-silicon-H2O synergistic flame retardant material, hydrophobic silicon-based aerogel.

2. The water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The average particle diameter of the water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is D 50 Between 0 and 300 μm, for example, between 0 and 200 μm, and for example, 150 μm, 180 μm, 200 μm, 140 μm, 130 μm, 100 μm, 140 μm, 150 μm, 130 μm, 100 μm; And / or, the density of the water dry powder fire extinguishing agent: ρ≈1800kg / m 3 ; And / or, the bulk density of the water dry powder fire extinguishing agent: ρb is 760-900kg / m 3 , for example 760kg / m 3 、804kg / m 3 , 900kg / m 3 , 750kg / m 3 , 700kg / m 3 、600kg / m 3 、754kg / m 3 、765kg / m 3 , 700kg / m 3 、650kg / m 3 ; And / or, the atmospheric ozone layer depletion potential of the water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is: ODP=0; And / or, the greenhouse effect potential value of the water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is: GWP=0.

3. The water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrafine base material is selected from one or more of the following types: ultrafine diammonium phosphate NH4H2PO4 powder, ultrafine ammonium polyphosphate, ultrafine NaHCO3 powder, ultrafine KHCO3 powder, ultrafine (NH4)2SO4 powder, ultrafine cyanuric acid melamine salt powder; And / or, the degree of polymerization of the ultrafine ammonium polyphosphate is 500-1000; And / or, the ultrafine base material is prepared by the following method: crushed by a QM planetary ball mill at a ball milling ratio of 0:0:200 at 350 r / min for 20 minutes.

4. The water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder auxiliary material is selected from one or more of the following categories: sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, fluorocarbon surfactant, talcum powder, hydrophobic white carbon black, methyl hydrogen silicone oil; And / or, the stearate is selected from sodium stearate, magnesium stearate, and calcium stearate.

5. The water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydrogen content of the methyl hydrogen silicone oil is 0.1-1.7 mol%, for example, 0.5 mol%, 0.75 mol%, 1.0 mol%.

6. The water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified ultrafine base material is prepared by mixing and pulverizing the ultrafine base material and the powder auxiliary material.

7. The water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the ultrafine base material to the powder auxiliary material is 100:1, for example, 100 parts of the ultrafine base material and 10 parts of the powder auxiliary material; And / or, in the modified ultrafine base material, the mixed pulverization method is ball milling; for example, the modified ultrafine base material is prepared by the following method: the ultrafine base material and the powder auxiliary material are pulverized in a QM planetary ball mill at a ball milling ratio of 0:0:200 at 350r / min for 20 minutes.

8. A method for preparing a water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: (1) mixing and grinding the ultrafine base material and the powder auxiliary material to obtain a modified ultrafine base material; (2) The modified ultrafine base material, the modifier and the flame retardant material are mixed to obtain the water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

9. The method for preparing a water-dry powder fire extinguishing agent according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step (2), the mixing method is ball milling mixing, for example, ball milling for 40 min at a ball milling ratio of 0:250:220 in a QM planetary ball mill at 450 r / min; for example, ball milling for 40 min at a ball milling ratio of 0:250:280 in a QM planetary ball mill at 450 r / min.

10. A fire bomb, characterized in that: It comprises the water dry powder fire extinguishing agent as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images