Preparation method of titanium-based composite material with macroscopic honeycomb structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a titanium-based composite material with a macroscopic honeycomb structure. The method comprises the following steps: 1, punching the surface of a round titanium alloy material to construct a round titanium alloy blank with the macroscopic morphology of a honeycomb structure; secondly, the titanium alloy spherical powder and the strengthening phase powder are subjected to ball milling and mixing, and titanium-based composite powder is obtained; thirdly, honeycomb holes of the round titanium alloy green body are filled with the titanium-based composite powder, and the titanium-based composite powder is compacted; and 4, performing activated sintering molding on the plasma to obtain the titanium-based composite material with the macroscopic honeycomb structure. According to the titanium-based composite material with the macroscopic honeycomb structure, a matrix plastic region is formed by a round titanium alloy green body with the macroscopic morphology of the perforated structure being of the honeycomb structure, and honeycomb holes are filled with titanium-based composite powder containing a strengthening phase to form a strengthening region, so that the titanium-based composite material with the macroscopic honeycomb structure, which is composed of the plastic region with a complete base material overall structure and the strengthening region with the strengthening phase distributed directionally, is obtained; the strength of the titanium-based composite material is effectively improved, the plastic loss is reduced, and the titanium-based composite material is suitable for the fields of aerospace and high-end traffic equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium-based composite material preparation, and in particular relates to a method for preparing a titanium-based composite material with a macro honeycomb structure. Background Art

[0002] As high-end transportation equipment develops towards higher safety, reliability, mobility, concealment and lightweight, the performance requirements for the materials used have become more stringent, and conventional metal materials can no longer meet their needs. Titanium and titanium alloy materials have great application potential in aerospace, chemical metallurgy, energy and power, shipbuilding and marine engineering, automobiles, and other transportation industries due to their excellent comprehensive properties such as good corrosion resistance, high specific strength, and high temperature resistance. Compared with conventional materials such as steel and aluminum, the high cost and poor wear resistance of titanium alloys seriously restrict their further promotion and application, especially in related fields such as weapons and high-end transportation equipment where production costs are strictly controlled. Titanium-based composite materials are considered to be the preferred structural material to replace titanium alloys, which can well solve the problems of high cost and poor wear resistance of titanium alloys. At present, powder metallurgy is still one of the simplest methods for preparing titanium-based composite materials. The design route for preparing titanium-based composite materials by traditional powder metallurgy is more inclined to evenly mix the matrix powder and the reinforcement phase and then sinter them into shape. Taking the traditional ball milling method as an example, on the one hand, there is the problem of agglomeration of the reinforcement on the surface of the alloy powder; on the other hand, when the content of the reinforcement phase is too high, the continuous distribution and agglomeration of the reinforcement phase at the grain boundary will cause the plasticity of the composite material to deteriorate, and ultimately lead to a serious deterioration of the plasticity of the composite material. However, according to the current research status, the current research on titanium-based composite materials is still focused on the design of interface regulation between the reinforcement and the matrix and the distribution of the reinforcement phase, while ignoring the design of the main carrier matrix material in the composite material. Therefore, based on the above problems, a macroscopic honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material can be prepared through the macroscopic configuration design of the substrate and the directional distribution of the reinforcement phase. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a macro honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material in view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art. The method constructs a circular titanium alloy blank with a perforated structure and a macroscopic morphology of a honeycomb structure to form a matrix plastic zone, and fills the honeycomb holes with titanium-based composite powder containing a reinforcing phase to form a reinforcing zone. By regulating the distribution of the plastic zone and the reinforcing zone, a macroscopic honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material consisting of a plastic zone with a complete overall structure of the substrate and a reinforcing zone with a directional distribution of the reinforcing phase is obtained, which effectively improves the strength of the titanium-based composite material and reduces the plastic loss, solving the problem of strength-plastic matching of the titanium-based composite material.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for preparing a macro honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: Preparation of a honeycomb structure titanium alloy blank: Select a circular titanium alloy material, and drill holes on the surface of the circular titanium alloy material, with the spacing between adjacent holes fixed, to construct a circular titanium alloy blank with a honeycomb structure in macroscopic morphology;

[0006] Step 2: Preparation of titanium-based composite powder: ball-milling titanium alloy spherical powder with uniform particle size and boron reinforcement phase powder, so that the reinforcement phase powder is continuously coated on the surface of the titanium alloy spherical powder to obtain a uniformly mixed titanium-based composite powder;

[0007] Step 3: Prefabrication of a honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material: Filling the titanium-based composite powder obtained in step 2 into the honeycomb holes of the circular titanium alloy blank having a honeycomb structure in macroscopic morphology constructed in step 1 and compacting the honeycomb structure to obtain a macroscopic honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material preform;

[0008] Step 4: Sintering the honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material: Plasma-activated sintering is performed on the preform of the honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material obtained in step 3 to obtain a macroscopic honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material.

[0009] The present invention performs configuration design on titanium alloy substrates in two states through bionic configuration design. First, a titanium alloy blank is used as the main load-bearing frame of the composite material for configuration design, and holes are punched on the surface of the titanium alloy material to construct a honeycomb structure with evenly spaced and neatly arranged holes, so as to obtain a circular titanium alloy blank with a macroscopic morphology of a honeycomb structure, and the integrity of the plastic zone of the matrix is ​​ensured while retaining the overall structure of the titanium alloy blank; at the same time, the titanium alloy spherical powder and the boron strengthening phase powder are ball-milled and mixed to obtain a uniformly mixed titanium-based composite powder, and then the titanium-based composite powder is filled in the honeycomb holes of the circular titanium alloy blank with a macroscopic morphology of a honeycomb structure and compacted, so as to promote the contact between the titanium-based composite powder and the original titanium alloy blank components, which is conducive to ensuring the density of the titanium-based composite material, forming a fixed and quantitative strengthening zone, and using the honeycomb structure with evenly spaced intervals to effectively divide the strengthening zone, and then sintering in the mold to obtain a honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material consisting of a plastic zone with an intact overall structure of the substrate and a strengthening zone with a directional distribution of the strengthening phase. The circular titanium alloy blank with the honeycomb structure in the titanium-based composite material forms a matrix plastic zone after sintering, and the titanium-based composite powder filled in the honeycomb structure forms a strengthening zone after sintering. The design of the honeycomb structure allows the strengthening zone to be directional, and the strengthening zone is strengthened by the fine grain strengthening brought by the in-situ self-generated strengthening phase and the strengthening effect on dislocations, so that the strength of the titanium-based composite material is improved; in addition, the plastic zone of the honeycomb structure limits the crack propagation in the strengthening zone, effectively reducing the plastic loss of the titanium-based composite material. In summary, the preparation method of the present invention adjusts the distribution of the plastic zone and the strengthening zone in the macroscopic honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material so that it exhibits good strength-plasticity matching.

[0010] The above-mentioned method for preparing a macro honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material is characterized in that the spacing between adjacent holes in step 1 is 1 cm, 3 cm or 5 cm. The orderly arrangement of the strengthening area is achieved by controlling the hole spacing.

[0011] The above-mentioned method for preparing a macro honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material is characterized in that the particle size of the titanium alloy spherical powder in step 2 is 100 μm, and the size of the boron strengthening phase powder is 3 μm to 5 μm. By controlling the sizes of the titanium alloy spherical powder and the strengthening phase powder, it is ensured that the strengthening phase powder has a better coating effect on the titanium alloy spherical powder after ball milling.

[0012] The above-mentioned method for preparing a macro honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material is characterized in that the rotation speed of the ball milling mixing in step 2 is 200 rpm, the ball-to-material ratio is 5:1, and the ball milling time is 4 hours. The ball milling process parameters enable the titanium-based composite powder to obtain a better dispersion effect.

[0013] The above-mentioned method for preparing a macro honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material is characterized in that the heating rate of the plasma activated sintering in step 4 is 100°C / min, the temperature is 1000°C, the time is 20min, and the pressure is 40MPa. The heating rate, temperature, holding time and pressure of the plasma activated sintering ensure that the strengthening phase in the titanium-based composite powder reacts with the components of the titanium alloy powder, which is conducive to the densification molding of the titanium-based composite material.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] 1. The present invention fills titanium-based composite powder into the honeycomb holes of a circular titanium alloy blank with a macroscopic morphology of a honeycomb structure and then sinters to prepare a macroscopic honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material. By designing the matrix configuration of the titanium-based composite material, the directional distribution of the plastic zone and the strengthening zone is regulated, the strength of the titanium-based composite material is effectively improved and the plastic loss is reduced, thereby obtaining a macroscopic honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material with good strength and plasticity matching.

[0016] 2. Compared with the traditional mesh titanium-based composite materials, the circular titanium alloy blank with a honeycomb structure constructed in the present invention effectively divides the continuous mesh structure, thereby fixing the extension range of the mesh structure crack, solving the problem of plasticity deterioration, and achieving the balance of strength-plasticity of the titanium-based composite materials.

[0017] 3. The preparation process of the present invention is simple, highly operable, and has low production cost, which is conducive to large-scale industrialization.

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a model diagram of the macro honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material prepared by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of the mechanical properties of the macro honeycomb structure titanium-based composite materials prepared in Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and the titanium-based material prepared in Comparative Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Figure 1 This is a model diagram of the macro honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material prepared by the present invention. Figure 1 It can be seen that the strengthening phase material formed by sintering the titanium-based composite powder is evenly distributed in the matrix plastic zone formed by sintering the circular titanium alloy blank with a honeycomb structure, realizing the directional distribution of the matrix plastic zone and the strengthening zone.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] This embodiment includes the following steps:

[0024] Step 1: Preparation of a honeycomb structure titanium alloy blank: Select a TC4 titanium alloy round blank with a thickness of 20 mm, and punch holes on the surface of the TC4 titanium alloy round blank. The hole diameter is 1 cm, and the distance between adjacent holes is 1 cm, so as to construct a circular titanium alloy blank with a honeycomb structure in macroscopic morphology;

[0025] Step 2, preparation of titanium-based composite powder: 99.7g of TC4 titanium alloy spherical powder with uniform particle size of 100μm and 0.3g of boron-reinforced phase powder with a size of 3μm to 5μm are ball-milled and mixed, and the high-speed impact during the ball milling process is used to continuously coat the boron-reinforced phase powder on the surface of the TC4 titanium alloy spherical powder to obtain a uniformly mixed titanium-based composite powder; the ball milling rotation speed is 200rpm, the ball-to-material ratio is 5:1; the ball milling time is 4h;

[0026] Step 3: Prefabrication of a honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material: Filling the titanium-based composite powder obtained in step 2 into the honeycomb holes of the circular titanium alloy blank having a honeycomb structure in macroscopic morphology constructed in step 1 and compacting the honeycomb structure to obtain a macroscopic honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material preform;

[0027] Step 4: Sintering and molding of honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material: The honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material preform obtained in step 3 is subjected to plasma activated sintering to obtain a macroscopic honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material; the plasma activated sintering has a heating rate of 100°C / min, a temperature of 1000°C, a time of 20min, and a pressure of 40MPa.

[0028] Comparative Example 1

[0029] In this comparative example, a TC4 titanium alloy round billet with a thickness of 20 mm is selected as the titanium-based material.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] This embodiment includes the following steps:

[0032] Step 1: Preparation of a honeycomb structure titanium alloy blank: Select a TC4 titanium alloy round blank with a thickness of 20 mm, and punch holes on the surface of the TC4 titanium alloy round blank. The hole diameter is 1 cm, and the distance between adjacent holes is 3 cm, so as to construct a circular titanium alloy blank with a honeycomb structure in macroscopic morphology;

[0033] Step 2, preparation of titanium-based composite powder: 99.7g of TC4 titanium alloy spherical powder with uniform particle size of 100μm and 0.3g of boron-reinforced phase powder with a size of 3μm to 5μm are ball-milled and mixed, and the high-speed impact during the ball milling process is used to continuously coat the boron-reinforced phase powder on the surface of the TC4 titanium alloy spherical powder to obtain a uniformly mixed titanium-based composite powder; the ball milling rotation speed is 200rpm, the ball-to-material ratio is 5:1; the ball milling time is 4h;

[0034] Step 3: Prefabrication of a honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material: Filling the titanium-based composite powder obtained in step 2 into the honeycomb holes of the circular titanium alloy blank having a honeycomb structure in macroscopic morphology constructed in step 1 and compacting the honeycomb structure to obtain a macroscopic honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material preform;

[0035] Step 4: Sintering and forming the honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material: The honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material preform obtained in step 3 is subjected to plasma activated sintering to obtain a macroscopic honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material; the plasma activated sintering has a heating rate of 100°C / min, a temperature of 1000°C, a time of 20min, and a pressure of 40MPa.

[0036] Example 3

[0037] This embodiment includes the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: Preparation of a honeycomb structure titanium alloy blank: Select a TC4 titanium alloy round blank with a thickness of 20 mm, and punch holes on the surface of the TC4 titanium alloy round blank. The hole diameter is 1 cm, and the distance between adjacent holes is 5 cm, so as to construct a circular titanium alloy blank with a honeycomb structure in macroscopic morphology;

[0039] Step 2: Preparation of titanium-based composite powder: 99.7 g of TC4 titanium alloy spherical powder with uniform particle size of 100 μm and 0.3 g of boron-reinforced phase powder with a size of 3 μm to 5 μm are ball-milled and mixed, and the high-speed impact during the ball milling process is used to continuously coat the boron-reinforced phase powder on the surface of the TC4 titanium alloy spherical powder to obtain a uniformly mixed titanium-based composite powder; the ball milling speed is 200 rpm, the ball-to-material ratio is 5:1; the ball milling time is 4 hours

[0040] Step 3: Prefabrication of a honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material: Filling the titanium-based composite powder obtained in step 2 into the honeycomb holes of the circular titanium alloy blank having a honeycomb structure in macroscopic morphology constructed in step 1 and compacting the honeycomb structure to obtain a macroscopic honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material preform;

[0041] Step 4: Sintering and forming the honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material: The honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material preform obtained in step 3 is subjected to plasma activated sintering to obtain a macroscopic honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material; the plasma activated sintering has a heating rate of 100°C / min, a temperature of 1000°C, a time of 20min, and a pressure of 40MPa.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of the mechanical properties of the macro honeycomb structure titanium-based composite materials prepared in Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and the titanium-based composite materials prepared in Comparative Example 1. Figure 2 It can be seen that compared with Comparative Example 1, which does not design the structural area of ​​the titanium-based composite material, Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention perform matrix configuration design on the titanium-based composite material, thereby achieving an improvement in the plasticity of the titanium-based composite material; at the same time, with the change in the pore spacing, the strength and elongation of the titanium-based composite material are simultaneously improved, so that the present invention achieves a joint improvement in the strength and plasticity of the composite material by regulating the orderly arrangement of the reinforcement zone.

[0043] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent change made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a macro honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Preparation of a honeycomb structure titanium alloy blank: Select a circular titanium alloy material, and drill holes on the surface of the circular titanium alloy material, with the spacing between adjacent holes fixed, to construct a circular titanium alloy blank with a honeycomb structure in macroscopic morphology; Step 2: Preparation of titanium-based composite powder: ball-milling titanium alloy spherical powder with uniform particle size and boron reinforcement phase powder, so that the reinforcement phase powder is continuously coated on the surface of the titanium alloy spherical powder to obtain a uniformly mixed titanium-based composite powder; Step 3: Prefabrication of a honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material: Filling the titanium-based composite powder obtained in step 2 into the honeycomb holes of the circular titanium alloy blank with a honeycomb structure in macroscopic morphology constructed in step 1 and compacting the honeycomb structure to obtain a macroscopic honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material preform; Step 4: Sintering the honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material: The honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material preform obtained in step 3 is subjected to plasma activation sintering to obtain a macroscopic honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material.

2. The method for preparing a macro honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing between adjacent holes in step 1 is 1 cm, 3 cm or 5 cm.

3. The method for preparing a macro honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the titanium alloy spherical powder in step 2 is 100 μm, and the particle size of the boron-reinforced phase powder is 3 μm to 5 μm.

4. The method for preparing a macro honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation speed of the ball milling mixing in step 2 is 200 rpm, the ball-to-material ratio is 5:1, and the ball milling time is 4 h.

5. The method for preparing a macro honeycomb structure titanium-based composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasma activated sintering in step 4 has a heating rate of 100°C / min, a temperature of 1000°C, a time of 20min, and a pressure of 40MPa.

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